CN105895074A - Acoustic unidirectional hyper surface - Google Patents
Acoustic unidirectional hyper surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN105895074A CN105895074A CN201610222033.XA CN201610222033A CN105895074A CN 105895074 A CN105895074 A CN 105895074A CN 201610222033 A CN201610222033 A CN 201610222033A CN 105895074 A CN105895074 A CN 105895074A
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- acoustics
- unidirectional
- helmholtz
- super surface
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/36—Devices for manipulating acoustic surface waves
Abstract
The invention discloses an acoustic unidirectional hyper surface, which comprises a first plate and a second plate, wherein the first plate is provided with a part for phase control on an incident acoustic wave; the material of the second plate is a zero-refractive index material; the first plate and the second plate are arranged parallelly; and the gap between the first plate and the second plate is smaller than 1 mm. According to the acoustic unidirectional hyper surface disclosed by the invention, in the case of unidirectional transmission, unidirectional arbitrary control on a transmitted acoustic wave can be realized, the thickness of the designed hyper surface is only 0.57 wavelengths, and actual applications, such as the application in an integrated acoustic device, can be greatly promoted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the unidirectional super surface of acoustics, belong to field of acoustics.
Background technology
Rising for we providing the special material attribute not available for the material in many natures of acoustic metamaterial, and
Enable us to design many peculiar acoustical devices.Wherein, acoustics surpasses the appearance on surface and enables us to utilize sub-ripple
The ultra-thin surfaces of long thickness reaches reflection and the special regulation and control of transmitted acoustic pulse.But, the most all design
Acoustics surpasses surface, all can only realize producing identical behaviour to from both sides, super surface the two the most incident different sound wave
Control effect, this inherently limits the development arbitrarily manipulated sound wave.Additionally, how to break through the limit of principle of reciprocity
System, it is achieved the asymmetric transmission of sound wave, the most at home and abroad causes extensive concern, and it is considered particularly to surpass in raising medical science
There is in acoustic imaging quality potential application prospect.Although Recent study person in linear processes field to acoustics list
Having carried out numerous explorations to the design field of device, current unidirectional device is still merely able to reach the effect of asymmetric transmission
Really, can not be by adjusting the design parameter of structure, while one-way transmission, it is achieved the special regulation and control to transmitted acoustic pulse.
Although acoustics one-way transmission is had huge meaning in practice with the combination freely regulated and controled sound wave, this design is general at present
Reading and be not yet suggested, relevant specific implementation is not the most successfully designed.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of unidirectional super surface of acoustics, base
In acoustics phase place regulation and control array and the combination of zero refraction materials, reach unidirectional any manipulation of sound wave.
Technical scheme: for solving above-mentioned technical problem, the unidirectional super surface of a kind of acoustics of the present invention, including
First plate, has the parts that incident acoustic wave carries out phase place regulation and control；
Second plate, the material of described second plate is zero refraction materials；
Described first plate and the second plate be arranged in parallel, the gap between the first plate and the second plate be less than 1mm, the first plate and
Second plate connects by being positioned at the thin slice bottom the first plate and the second plate.
As preferably, described first plate is formed in one, and comprises several space folding type unit, described space folding
Type unit is spliced by upper and lower two pieces of dentalations, and every piece of dentalation comprises four tooth bars and substrate, four tooth bar positions
On substrate, constituting gap between tooth bar, substrate is a tooth bar of adjacent space folded form unit.
As preferably, the height of tooth bar is 6.7mm, and width is 0.22mm, tooth bar end and another block dentalation
Distance is 0.9mm, and the width in the gap between tooth bar is 0.9mm.
As preferably, described second plate comprises several Helmholtz acoustics superstructures connected side by side, each last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse
The most hereby type acoustics superstructure is four Helmholtz resonators and straight pipeline is common forms, four Helmholtz resonators
Being arranged side by side along straight tube axis, the opening of Helmholtz resonator connects with straight tube, and adjacent Helmholtz superstructure has
Common wall, the cavity wall i.e. going up a Helmholtz superstructure bottom is the straight pipe wall of next structure the top, phase
The bottom of adjacent Helmholtz superstructure is connected by thin slice.
Beneficial effect: the unidirectional super surface of a kind of acoustics of the present invention, while one-way transmission, it is achieved to transmitted acoustic pulse
Unidirectional any manipulation, the thickness on the super surface of design is only 0.57 wavelength, this by greatly facilitate it in practice should
With, the such as use on Integrated Acoustic device.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of single Helmholtz unit in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the space folding type unit in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the partial structurtes schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b is under forward and reverse condition of incidence, the sonic pressure field scattergram of the unidirectional abnormal transmission of acoustics；Fig. 5 c
It is under forward and reverse condition of incidence with Fig. 5 d, the sonic pressure field scattergram of unidirectional acoustic beam division；Fig. 5 e and Fig. 5 f is forward
With under reverse condition of incidence, unidirectional bulk wave is converted into the sound intensity scattergram of surface wave.
Detailed description of the invention
As it is shown in figure 1, the design concept on the unidirectional super surface of acoustics (representing with AOM in figure) that we are proposed is by two parts
Composition: acoustics phase place regulation and control array (in figure, PA represents) and zero refraction materials (representing with ZIM in figure).Work as sound wave
When positive direction (being on the right side of super surface shown in figure) impinges perpendicularly on designed unidirectional super surface, sound wave elder generation and zero folding
Penetrate rate material, and owing to the acoustic wave front of now vertical incidence has unified phase place on the direction of vertical surface
Distribution, this satisfies the transmission requirement of zero refraction materials, and therefore incident acoustic wave will arrive completely through zero refraction materials
Reach acoustics phase place regulation and control array.Now, the array specific regulation and control to acoustic phase are regulated and controled through phase place so that final is saturating
The phase place penetrating sound wave changes, thus the transmitted acoustic pulse required for producing, as shown in purple arrow in figure.When sound wave from
When opposite direction (on the left of super surface shown in figure) impinges perpendicularly on designed unidirectional super surface, sound wave first will be with phase
Position regulation and control array contact, now has occurred and that change through the acoustic phase of array, its on the direction on vertical super surface not
The most identical, therefore, when the sound wave through phase place regulation and control array arrives zero refraction materials, no longer meet zero refraction
The transmission requirement of rate material, sound wave will be completely reflected back, as shown in blue arrow in figure.Adjust based on acoustics phase place
Control array and the combination of zero refraction materials, reach unidirectional any manipulation of sound wave.
As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the unidirectional super surface of a kind of acoustics of the present invention, including the first plate 2, have incident sound
Ripple carries out the parts of phase place regulation and control；Second plate 1, the material of described second plate 1 is zero refraction materials, described first plate
2 and second plate 1 be arranged in parallel, the gap between the first plate 2 and the second plate 1 be less than 1mm, the first plate 2 and the second plate
1 connects by being positioned at the thin slice bottom the first plate 2 and the second plate 1, and such as Fig. 2 show x/y plane, and bottom refers to z
Direction.Second plate 1 comprises 102 space folding type unit 5, the width of a space folding type unit 5 on width
Being the most all 0.788cm, minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) is 0.22mm.Space folding type unit 5 is by upper and lower two pieces of dentalations splicing
Forming, every piece of dentalation comprises four tooth bars and substrate, and four tooth bars are positioned on substrate, constitutes gap between tooth bar,
Substrate is a tooth bar of adjacent space folded form unit 5.The height of described tooth bar is 6.7mm, and width is 0.22mm,
The thickness of tooth bar is a changing value, and tooth bar end is 0.9mm with the distance of another block dentalation, between two adjacent
Tooth bar between the width in gap be 0.9mm.First plate 2 utilizes Helmholtz acoustics superstructure to make, and comprises
The Helmholtz acoustics superstructure that 16 connect side by side, each Helmholtz acoustics superstructure is four Helmholtz
Resonator 4 forms jointly with straight tube 3 road, and four Helmholtz resonators 4 are arranged side by side along straight tube axis 3, the last of the twelve Earthly Branches
The opening of Mu Huozi resonator 4 connects with straight tube 3, and adjacent Helmholtz superstructure has common wall, i.e. goes up one
The cavity wall of structure bottom is straight tube 3 wall of next structure the top, and the bottom of adjacent Helmholtz superstructure is passed through
Thin slice connects, i.e. z direction, bottom.Four Helmholtz resonator 4 cavitys have identical physical dimension, Hai Mu
The most hereby the overall width of type acoustics superstructure is 3.3cm, highly 1.25cm, and the wall thickness of structure is 0.5mm.By adjusting
The size of four resonator cavitys of Helmholtz, it is possible to achieve to acoustic phase freely regulating and controlling from 0 to 2 π scopes.Whole
Individual structure comprises 64 Helmholtz resonators 4 and 102 space folding type unit 5 in short transverse, and total height is
0.805m.The size of structure the most proportionally can be adjusted according to the frequency of incident acoustic wave, to produce a desired effect.
Total height h in each Helmholtz acoustics superstructure y direction is identical, but wherein housing depth h2Height with straight tube
h1(y direction) is all different, different housing depth h2Determine the out of phase ability of regulation and control that each superstructure is had,
Therefore, whole Helmholtz surpass surface specifically put in order be require according to concrete PHASE DISTRIBUTION depending on.
In the present invention, the composition material of the first plate 2 and the second plate 1 is the most strictly limited, only needs the sound of composition material
Impedance is more than 200 times of the acoustic impedance of background media.As a example by background medium is as air, the density of air and the velocity of sound
It is respectively 1.21kg/m3And 343m/s, the material of structure can be the material in plastics, metal or alloy, this example
Using ABS plastic, its density and the velocity of sound are respectively 1200kg/m3And 2200m/s.The frequency of incident acoustic wave in this example
For 3430Hz, corresponding wavelength is 0.1m.
Utilize Helmholtz superstructure and the unidirectional super surface of acoustics of space folding type superstructure composition of the present embodiment, if
Count and achieve the conversion to surface wave of the unidirectional abnormal transmission of acoustics, the division of unidirectional acoustic beam and unidirectional bulk wave.Fig. 5 (a)
(b) it is sound wave sonic pressure field after forward and reverse and opposite direction impinge perpendicularly on the unidirectional super surface of designed acoustics respectively
Scattergram.The sound wave of forward vertical incidence, after unidirectional super surface, by along default angle of transmission outgoing, reaches
The effect of abnormal transmission, and the sound wave of reverse vertical incidence will be blocked and reflect back.We calculate forward and reverse and anti-
The ratio of transmission acoustic energy in the case of two kinds of direction, it is 10log (I that definition intercepts coefficientPD/IND), wherein IPDAnd INDPoint
Wei positive direction and reciprocal transmission acoustic energy.The unidirectional abnormal transmission being here implemented as intercepts coefficient and reaches 12.5dB,
This illustrates that it has good one-way transmission effect.
Fig. 5 (c) and (d) are the sonic pressure field scattergram of unidirectional acoustic beam division in the case of positive direction and opposite direction respectively.When sound wave edge
When positive direction impinges perpendicularly on super surface, sound wave will be split into two bundles independent propagation.And the sound wave that reverse vertical is incident
To be completely blocked, it is impossible to through designed unidirectional super surface, the unidirectional obstruct coefficient herein realized is 13.2dB.Figure
5 (e) and (f) are the sound intensity scattergram that unidirectional bulk wave converts to surface acoustic wave in the case of positive direction and opposite direction respectively.Similarly,
The bulk wave of forward vertical incidence, after the effect on super surface, is converted into the acoustic surface being only capable of propagating along super surface
Ripple, and the sound wave of reverse vertical incidence is completely reflected, obstruct coefficient is 12.1dB.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for those skilled in the art
For, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also
Should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the unidirectional super surface of acoustics, it is characterised in that: include
First plate, has the parts that incident acoustic wave carries out phase place regulation and control；
Second plate, the material of described second plate is zero refraction materials；
Described first plate and the second plate be arranged in parallel, and the gap between the first plate and the second plate is less than 1mm, the first plate and the
Two plates connect by being positioned at the thin slice bottom the first plate and the second plate.
The unidirectional super surface of acoustics the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described first plate is formed in one
, comprising several space folding type unit, described space folding type unit is spliced by upper and lower two pieces of dentalations,
Every piece of dentalation comprises four tooth bars and substrate, and four tooth bars are positioned on substrate, constitutes gap between tooth bar, and substrate is
One tooth bar of adjacent space folded form unit.
The unidirectional super surface of acoustics the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the height of described tooth bar is 6.7mm,
Width is 0.22mm, and tooth bar end is 0.9mm with the distance of another block dentalation, the width in the gap between tooth bar
For 0.9mm.
The unidirectional super surface of acoustics the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described second plate comprises several
The Helmholtz acoustics superstructure connected side by side, each Helmholtz acoustics superstructure is four Helmholtz's sympathetic responses
Device and straight pipeline is common forms, four Helmholtz resonators are arranged side by side along straight tube axis, Helmholtz resonator
Opening connect with straight tube, adjacent Helmholtz superstructure has common wall, the end of adjacent Helmholtz superstructure
Portion is connected by thin slice, and the cavity wall of a upper structure bottom is the straight pipe wall of next structure the top.
The unidirectional super surface of acoustics the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described first plate and the second sheet material
The acoustic impedance of material is at least 200 times of the acoustic impedance of background media.
The unidirectional super surface of acoustics the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described first plate and the second sheet material
Material is plastics, metal or alloy.
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| CN106650179A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-10 | 东南大学 | Method of designing Acoustic Metamaterials based on CMA-ES optimization algorithm |
| CN106887224A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-06-23 | 南京大学 | A kind of digital acoustics meta-materials |
| CN107016989A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-08-04 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of acoustic wave transmission isolator |
| CN107170439A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-15 | 南开大学 | A kind of super surface of acoustics |
| CN107293283A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-10-24 | 南开大学 | A kind of super surface of acoustics and sound wave focusing arrangement |
| CN107589178A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-01-16 | 南京工业大学 | A kind of realized using the super structure surface being made up of Helmholtz resonator regulates and controls method to acoustic wavefront |
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| US11341951B2 (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2022-05-24 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | One-way sound transmission structure |
| WO2023060730A1 (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-04-20 | 江苏科技大学 | Master control method for one-way transmission of sound |
| WO2023216507A1 (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-11-16 | 苏州大学 | Asymmetric acoustic wave separator based on binary metasurface |
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