CN1058925C - Method and apparatus of processing straightening rolls - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and a device for processing a straightening roller. A straightening roller is roughly processed, and grinding allowance is reserved to carry out fine processing. The fine processing is applied to the grinding of a grinding wheel. The outer edge of the grinding wheel is in a circular arc, and an axial line of the grinding wheel and a center line of a workpiece are parallel. The grinding wheel is driven by a roller to do plane movement, and the roller does plane curve movement along a tracer groove. An upper plane curve and a lower plane curve of the tracer groove are determined by three parameters of the shape of the straightening roller, the radius of the roller and the outer edge circular arc of the grinding wheel. Grinding points of the grinding wheel follow the different parts of the straightening roller to be different in the process of grinding. The device is a machine tool which is composed of a tool body, a tail frame and a tracer roller mechanism. A tracer seat is a multi-supporting mechanism.

Description

Smoothing roll processing method and device

The present invention relates to be used for the processing method and the device of the smoothing roll of various tube bar straightening machines.

Being applied to the curve smoothing roll of various pipe bars aligning, generally is a revolving body, its surface be space curve around self central axis rotation and surface of revolution.Particularly for the curve smoothing roll of big-and-middle-sized (diameter is greater than 350 millimeters), because complex-shaped, the characteristics such as case hardness is high, specification requirement height of curve profile, its processing is technical barrier always.

Form cutting is adopted in common Vehicle Processing in the smoothing roll processing, and forming process is adopted in mill processing.

Form cutting principle such as Fig. 1, push rod moves along the pattern consistent with the smoothing roll curve, and lathe tool directly or by servo-actuated system moves with the push rod translation, and rotational workpieces is processed the smoothing roll curve.Form cutting is undertaken by copying lathe usually.

Forming process principle such as Fig. 2, according to steel pipe aligning principle, the emery wheel outer rim is processed into the pipe radius arc, and emery wheel vertically moves along the pipe direction of feed, and the compound motion by workpiece and emery wheel processes the smoothing roll curve with workpiece.

These existing processing methods are particularly ground processing method, generally are not require to seem not enough owing to precision reaches.

Task of the present invention is method for fine finishing and the device that proposes a kind of smoothing roll, and is simple in structure easy to operate.

The technical scheme of the inventive method is: pipe bar smoothing roll method for fine finishing, wheel grinding is adopted in fine finishining, the emery wheel outer rim is circular arc, emery wheel axis and workpiece centre line parallel, emery wheel is driven by roller and moves along a curved path in emery wheel axis and the determined plane of processed roll axis, radially to carry out the feeding grinding along processed roller, and roller along the pattern groove with above-mentioned parallel plane plane in do the profiling curvilinear motion, two plane curves are by the smoothing roll profile about the pattern groove, radius of roller, the decision of abrasive wheel grinding wheel arc three parameters, wheel grinding point is different with the smoothing roll different parts in grinding process.

The technical scheme of present device is: the smoothing roll finish machining equipment is a lathe, by lathe bed, tailstock, the headstock, saddle, middle carriage, knife rest, the thickness feed mechanism, tracer roller mechanism forms, tracer roller mechanism is a multi-support mechanism, by the pattern seat, master plate, roller, Roller Shaft, guide plate, rolling bearing constitutes, master plate 8 is contained in the pattern seat, the pattern seat is fixed on the bed piece, roller sleeve is contained on the Roller Shaft, roller is positioned on the master plate by M, in the sealing pattern shaped form groove that two curves of N surround, the pattern curve is to be two envelopes of a series of roller circles in the center of circle with emery wheel wheel rim center of arc track, the Roller Shaft kink is on the roller power transmission shaft, the roller power transmission shaft is the lathe screw mandrel, 6 annulars bearing with rolling contact are equipped with in the Roller Shaft top and the bottom, wherein up and down two ends respectively have guide groove in a journal bearing and the guide plate for movingly, in addition 4 journal bearings in lower end and pressing plate movingly, guide plate and pressing plate are contained on the saddle.

Finished the invention task by technology and equipment design that the technical program proposes.

Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are present applied processing methods.

Fig. 3 is processing method embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is process equipment embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is that the A of apparatus embodiments is to view.

Fig. 6 is the embodiment of multi-support pattern of the present invention mechanism.

Fig. 7 is the C-C profile of pattern mechanism.

Fig. 8 is the D-D profile of pattern mechanism.

Fig. 9 is the embodiment of emery wheel outer rim circular arc corrector of the present invention.

Figure 10 is the E-E profile of emery wheel outer rim circular arc corrector of the present invention.

Be described in detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Always the method and apparatus of Processing Curve type smoothing roll is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2: 1 is pattern among the figure, the 2nd, and workpiece, the 4th, cutter, the 3rd, emery wheel, the 5th, pattern push rod.Shown in Figure 1 is that push rod 5 moves along the pattern consistent with the smoothing roll curve, and cutter directly or by servomechanism moves with the push rod plane, and rotational workpieces is processed the smoothing roll curve.Shown in Figure 2 is that emery wheel 3 outer rims are processed into the pipe radius arc according to steel pipe aligning principle, and emery wheel vertically moves along the pipe direction of feed, and the compound motion by workpiece 2 and emery wheel 3 processes the smoothing roll curve with workpiece.

Processing method of the present invention is: smoothing roll is after roughing, stay grinding allowance to carry out fine finishining, the grinding of fine finishining application wheel, emery wheel 6 outer rims are circular arc (Fig. 3), emery wheel 6 axis are parallel with workpiece 2 center lines, emery wheel 6 is driven by roller 9, in emery wheel axis and the determined plane of processed roll axis, move along a curved path, radially to carry out the feeding grinding along processed roller, and roller along pattern with above-mentioned parallel plane plane in do the profiling curvilinear motion, roller is made plane curve movement along the groove of pattern 8, by two plane curve M about the groove groove, N is by the smoothing roll profile, radius of roller, the decision of abrasive wheel grinding wheel arc three parameters, wheel grinding point is different with the smoothing roll different parts in grinding process.Emery wheel 6 axis are parallel with workpiece 2 axis and in same horizontal plane, emery wheel 6, drive unit 7, roller 9 are installed on the planker 11, last planker 11 can done in-movement on the planker 10 down along guide rail G, its amount of feeding is determined by inside and outside two curve M, the N of pattern 8, following planker 10 is put on the body 33, add man-hour vertically guide rail I make uniform motion.Emery wheel 6 is around self axis drives rotation, and workpiece 2 is also around self axis drives rotation, and planker moves the drive emery wheel and does plane motion up and down, and the emery wheel 6 envelope grindings that outer rim is trimmed to certain circular arc R go out smoothing roll roll shape curve accurately.

The pattern curve shape is processed and is guaranteed according to workpiece profile, radius of roller, crushing circular arc parameter accurate Calculation.The pattern curve is to be two envelopes up and down of a series of roller circles in the center of circle with emery wheel wheel rim center of arc track.

The enforcement of pattern curve M, N is that the mid point with smoothing roll roll forming central axis is an initial point, and axis is an X-axis, perpendicular to X-axis be Y-axis, the coordinate of establishing inside and outside two curve M of pattern, N be respectively (Xgn, Ygn) and (Xgm, Ygm), satisfy the following parameters equation:

Point on the curve M [Xgm (t), Ygm (t)] establishes an equation under satisfying: $\mathrm{Xgm}\left(t\right)=(\frac{A}{\sqrt{1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="t"\; filenames="C9311171900141.png,C9311171900142.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout>}}^2}}+B)\&CenterDot;t-R\&CenterDot;\frac{k\left(t\right)}{\sqrt{1+k^2\left(t\right)}}$ $-\frac{r_g\&CenterDot;{\stackrel{.}{Y}}_m\left(t\right)}{\sqrt{{{\stackrel{.}{Y}}^2}_m\left(t\right)+{{\stackrel{.}{X}}^2}_m\left(t\right)}}$ $\mathrm{Ygm}\left(t\right)=(r+R-\frac{r}{\sqrt{1+t^2}})\&CenterDot;\sqrt{1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="t"\; filenames="C9311171900141.png,C9311171900142.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout>}}^2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="cos"\; filenames="C9311171900141.png,C9311171900142.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">cos</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&alpha;}}$ $+R\&CenterDot;\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+k\left(t\right)}}+\frac{r_g\&CenterDot;{\stackrel{.}{X}}_m\left(t\right)}{\sqrt{{{\stackrel{.}{Y}}^2}_m\left(t\right)+{{\stackrel{.}{X}}^2}_m\left(t\right)}}$

Point on the curve N [Xgn (t), Ygn (t)] establishes an equation under satisfying: $\mathrm{Xgn}\left(t\right)=(\frac{A}{\sqrt{1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="t"\; filenames="C9311171900141.png,C9311171900142.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout>}}^2}}+B)\&CenterDot;t-R\&CenterDot;\frac{k\left(t\right)}{\sqrt{1+k^2\left(t\right)}}$ $-\frac{r_g\&CenterDot;{\stackrel{.}{Y}}_m\left(t\right)}{\sqrt{{{\stackrel{.}{Y}}^2}_m\left(t\right)+{{\stackrel{.}{X}}^2}_m\left(t\right)}}$ $\mathrm{Ygn}\left(t\right)=(r+R_0-\frac{r}{\sqrt{1+t^2}})\&CenterDot;\sqrt{1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="t"\; filenames="C9311171900141.png,C9311171900142.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout>}}^2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="cos"\; filenames="C9311171900141.png,C9311171900142.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">cos</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&alpha;}}$ $+R\&CenterDot;\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+k^2\left(t\right)}}+\frac{r_g\&CenterDot;{\stackrel{.}{X}}_m\left(t\right)}{\sqrt{{{\stackrel{.}{Y}}^2}_m\left(t\right)+{{\stackrel{.}{X}}^2}_m\left(t\right)}}$ Wherein:

T is a parameter

r _gRadius of circle for roller 9

R is emery wheel 6 finishing arc radius

R is drawn and rolled tube exradius (a smoothing roll design parameter)

R ₀Be roll shape curve central cross-section radius of circle (smoothing roll design parameter)

α is drawn and rolled tube center line and smoothing roll center line institute angle of cut degree (smoothing roll design parameter)

A＝r·sinα

B＝(r+R ₀)·cosα·ctgα $K\left(t\right)=\frac{(r+R_0)\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="cos"\; filenames="C9311171900141.png,C9311171900142.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">cos</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&alpha;}\&CenterDot;t\&radic;{(1+t^2)}^3+r\&CenterDot;{\sin }^2\mathrm{\&alpha;}\&CenterDot;t}{A\&CenterDot;\sqrt{1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="t"\; filenames="C9311171900141.png,C9311171900142.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout>}}^2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="cos"\; filenames="C9311171900141.png,C9311171900142.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">cos</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&alpha;}}+B\&CenterDot;\sqrt{{(1+t^2)}^3(1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="t"\; filenames="C9311171900141.png,C9311171900142.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout>}}^2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="cos"\; filenames="C9311171900141.png,C9311171900142.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">cos</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&alpha;})}}$

Be X _m(t), Y _m(t) about the first derivative of t, wherein: $X\left(t\right)=(\frac{A}{\sqrt{1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="t"\; filenames="C9311171900141.png,C9311171900142.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout>}}^2}}+B)\&CenterDot;t-R\&CenterDot;\frac{k\left(t\right)}{\sqrt{1+k^2\left(t\right)}}$ $Y\left(t\right)=(r+R_0-\frac{r}{\sqrt{1+t^2}})\&CenterDot;\sqrt{1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="t"\; filenames="C9311171900141.png,C9311171900142.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout>}}^2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="cos"\; filenames="C9311171900141.png,C9311171900142.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">cos</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&alpha;}}+R\&CenterDot;\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+k^2\left(t\right)}}$

The embodiment of pattern curve is as follows: Embodiment 1

Its roll forming central cross-section circular diameter of smoothing roll R of processing ₀=150, drawn and rolled tube exradius r=80, angle of cut α=32 ° between drawn and rolled tube central axis and smoothing roll central axis, roller exradius r is got in roll shape curve axial length L=300 _g=20, emery wheel outer rim finishing circular arc R=75.

Point on the pattern groove curve M satisfies following relationship:

Work as X=0, Y=245.000

Work as X=50, Y=247.167

Work as X=100, Y=253.542

Work as X=150, Y=263.471

Point on the pattern groove curve N satisfies following relationship:

Work as X=0, Y=205.000

Work as X=50, Y=207.028

Work as X=100, Y=213.016

Work as X=150, Y=222.701 Embodiment 2

Its roll forming central cross-section circular diameter of smoothing roll R of processing ₀=180, drawn and rolled tube exradius r=60, angle of cut α=28 ° between drawn and rolled tube central axis and smoothing roll central axis, roller exradius r is got in roll shape curve axial length L=320 _g=20, emery wheel outer rim finishing circular arc R=60.

Point on the pattern groove curve M satisfies following relationship:

Work as X=0, Y=260.000

Work as X=50, Y=261.503

Work as X=100, Y=265.954

Work as X=150, Y=273.19

Point on the pattern groove curve N satisfies following relationship:

Work as X=0, Y=220.000

Work as X=50, Y=221.435

Work as X=100, Y=225.69

Work as X=150, Y=232.631 Embodiment 3

Its roll forming central cross-section circular diameter of smoothing roll R of processing ₀=120, drawn and rolled tube exradius r=80, angle of cut α=24 ° between drawn and rolled tube central axis and smoothing roll central axis, roller exradius r is got in roll shape curve axial length L=280 _g=20, emery wheel outer rim finishing circular arc R=0.Point on the pattern groove curve M satisfies following relationship:

Work as X=0, Y=140.000

Work as X=40, Y=140.747

Work as X=80, Y=142.974

Work as X=120, the point on the Y=146.638 pattern groove curve N satisfies following relationship:

Work as X=0, Y=100.000

Work as X=40, Y=100.720

Work as X=80, Y=102.869

Work as X=120, Y=106.409

From three embodiment as can be seen the pattern curve determine by smoothing roll profile, radius of roller, abrasive wheel grinding wheel arc three parameters.

Process equipment of the present invention is lathe Fig. 3 of a particular design, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, by lathe bed 33, tailstock 40, the headstock 41, middle carriage 11, saddle 10, bistrique 12, thickness feed mechanism B, the A of tracer roller mechanism forms, tracer roller mechanism is the (Fig. 6 of multi-support mechanism, Fig. 7, Fig. 8), by pattern seat 21, master plate 8, roller 9, Roller Shaft 15, guide plate 14 20, rolling bearing 13,16,18,19 constitute, master plate 8 is contained in the pattern seat 21, the pattern seat is fixed on the bed piece, roller 9 is sleeved on the Roller Shaft 15, roller 9 is positioned on the master plate 8 by M, in the sealing pattern shaped form groove that two curves of N surround, roller 9 is done no gap along the pattern curved groove and is rolled.On the roller power transmission shaft, the roller power transmission shaft is a lathe screw mandrel 17 to Roller Shaft 15 by two plane bearing 16 kinks.Rolling bearing 13,18 is sleeved on Roller Shaft, and about in the of 15 two ends, and four rolling bearings 19 are sleeved on Roller Shaft 15 lower ends two sides (Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7), and guide plate 14,20, pressing plate 36 are fixed on the saddle 10.The restriction Roller Shaft 15 of sliding in the gathering sill of rolling bearing 13,18 on guide plate 14 and saddle 10 only radially seesaws, four rolling bearings 19 slide in guide plate 20 and pressing plate 36 and guarantee Roller Shaft 15 horizontal movements, when roller 9 was mobile in master plate shaped form groove, Roller Shaft 15, leading screw 17 can be because of not being subjected to axial force move left and right or bending; When roller 9 and Roller Shaft 15 were motionless, rotary screw rod, middle carriage 11 and bistrique 12 can be done radially feed campaign; During copying, saddle 10 travels longitudinally, and roller 9 moves forward and backward along curved groove in master plate 8 shaped form grooves, and does profiling processing together by Roller Shaft drive screw mandrel 17, feed screw nut 35, middle carriage 11 and top bistrique 12.

Emery wheel 6 is contained on the bistrique 12, according to smoothing roll parameter of curve, roll shape length, grinding wheel width, certain circular arc is set and be trimmed to the emery wheel wheel rim, and the pattern curve during grinding is to be two envelopes of a series of roller circles in the center of circle with emery wheel wheel rim center of arc track.

Remain certain circular arc for making in the emery wheel wheel rim processing, add on the process equipment designed emery wheel outer rim circular arc corrector (Fig. 9. Figure 10).

Emery wheel outer rim circular arc corrector C is by pattern 22, roller 23, corrector seat 24, lower slider 25, leading screw 26, and handwheel 27, spring 28, upper saddle 29, cover 30, axle 31, trimming head 32, handle 37, feed screw nut 38, leading screw 39 are formed (Fig. 9, Figure 10).Corrector seat 24 is fixedly mounted on the side of bistrique 12.Lower slider 25 is placed on the corrector seat 24, and upper saddle 29 places on lower slider 25 guide rails, and upper saddle 29 can slide on lower slider 25 along guide rail.Adjusting handle 27, by leading screw 26, regulating shaft 31 slides in cover 30, to adjust the amount of feeding of trimming head 32.Pattern 22 ' be processed into circular arc by designing requirement in advance, pattern 22 is fixed on the lower slider 25.Shake handle 37, leading screw 39 drives feed screw nut 38, and feed screw nut drives upper saddle 29 and slides at lower slider 25 upper edge guide rails, and roller 23 rolls along pattern 22 circular curves, cover 30, axle 31, trimming head 32 are made forming movement with pattern 22 shapes, make crushing become needed circular shape.Spring 28 guarantees that roller 23 closely contacts with pattern 22.

Choosing of emery wheel outer rim finishing circular arc R to the direct influence of being formed with of roll shape curve, in general, R obtains big more, emery wheel and roll shape curve to contact the grinding scope big more, ground effect is good more.But the width of emery wheel, the parameter of curve require R to satisfy following relationship to the direct relation of having chosen of R: $R\&le;\frac{W\&CenterDot;\sqrt{1+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="k\; e"\; filenames="C9311171900141.png,C9311171900142.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}_e}^2}}{{2k}_e}$

Wherein: W: grinding wheel width

K _eHigher value in the roll shape curve two-end-point slope

Claims (4)

1, a kind of pipe bar smoothing roll method for fine finishing, wheel grinding is adopted in fine finishining, it is characterized in that the emery wheel outer rim is circular arc, emery wheel axis and workpiece centre line parallel, emery wheel is driven by roller and moves along a curved path in emery wheel axis and the determined plane of processed roll axis, radially to carry out the feeding grinding along processed roller, and roller along the pattern groove with above-mentioned parallel plane plane in do the profiling curvilinear motion, two plane curves are by the smoothing roll profile about the pattern groove, radius of roller, the decision of abrasive wheel grinding wheel arc three parameters, wheel grinding point is different with the smoothing roll different parts in grinding process.

2,, it is characterized in that the pattern curve is is two envelopes of a series of roller circles in the center of circle with emery wheel wheel rim center of arc track by the described pipe bar of claim 1 smoothing roll method for fine finishing.

3, a kind of pipe bar smoothing roll finish machining equipment, by lathe bed, tailstock, the headstock, saddle, middle carriage, knife rest, the thickness feed mechanism, tracer roller mechanism forms, tracer roller mechanism is a multi-support mechanism, by the pattern seat, master plate, roller, Roller Shaft, guide plate, rolling bearing constitutes, master plate (8) is contained in the pattern seat, it is characterized in that the pattern seat is fixed on the bed piece, roller sleeve is contained on the Roller Shaft, roller is positioned on the master plate, by M, in the sealing pattern shaped form groove that two curves of N surround, the pattern curve is to be two envelopes of a series of roller circles in the center of circle with emery wheel wheel rim center of arc track, the pattern groove is positioned at and emery wheel axis and the determined parallel plane plane of processed roll axis, emery wheel is driven by roller, in emery wheel axis and the determined plane of processed roll axis, move along a curved path, radially to carry out the feeding grinding along processed roller, the Roller Shaft kink is on the roller power transmission shaft, the roller power transmission shaft is the lathe screw mandrel, 6 annulars bearing with rolling contact are equipped with in the Roller Shaft top and the bottom, wherein up and down two ends respectively have guide groove in a journal bearing and the guide plate for movingly, in addition 4 journal bearings in lower end and pressing plate movingly, guide plate and pressing plate are contained on the saddle.

4, by the described pipe bar of claim 3 smoothing roll finish machining equipment, it is characterized in that: contain the abrasive wheel grinding wheel arc corrector in the equipment, the abrasive wheel grinding wheel arc corrector is by pattern (22), roller (23), corrector seat (24), lower slider (25), leading screw (26), handwheel (27), spring (28), upper saddle (29), cover (30), axle (31), trimming head (32), handle (37), feed screw nut (38) is formed, the corrector seat is fixed on the side of bistrique, lower slider (25) is placed on the corrector seat (24), upper saddle places on the guide rail of lower slider (25), upper saddle (29) can be gone up at lower slider (25) along guide rail and slide, and pattern (22) is fixed on the lower slider (25).

Images