CN105891754A - Multisource frequency spectrum spectrometer control system for multi-nuclear magnetic resonance - Google Patents
Multisource frequency spectrum spectrometer control system for multi-nuclear magnetic resonance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a multisource frequency spectrum spectrometer control system for multi-nuclear magnetic resonance. The system comprises a scanning controller, which receives a control instruction, an imaging sequence and configuration parameters sent by a user through a master computer, allocates the configuration parameters to corresponding hardware modules, executes the imaging sequence to generate a hardware trigger signal and controls the hardware modules to work coordinatively according to time sequence requirements; a multi-element radio frequency generator, which is electrically connected with the scanning controller and is used for generating radio frequency pulse signals to stimulate a plurality of imaging objects to resonate; a multi-element gradient generator, which is electrically connected with the scanning controller and is used for obtaining a plurality of gradient waveforms through analysis from the imaging sequence to drive a gradient coil to generate a plurality of gradient magnetic fields for space encoding; and a multi-element radio frequency receiver, which is electrically connected with the scanning controller and is used for enabling the processed magnetic resonance signals to be transmitted to the scanning controller, and then, the scanning controller returns the signals to the master computer for image reconstruction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to audiofrequency spectrometer technology, particularly relate to a kind of polynary frequency spectrum spectrometer control system, it produces multiple radio frequency and gradient pulse according to the requirement of imaging pulse pulse train, receives and process multiple magnetic resonance signal, completes the scanning process of polynary MRI.
Background technology
At MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging, nuclear magnetic resonance) in system, spectrometer (Spectrometer) is the core component of whole system, it is responsible for the requirement according to imaging pulse sequence, radio frequency and gradient pulse is produced with specific sequential, receive and process magnetic resonance signal, completing the process of MRI scan.The technology content of spectrometer is the highest, and the quality of its performance directly influences the quality of nuclear magnetic resonance, and the competition of MRI manufacturer is increasingly presented as the competition of spectrograph techniques.The research level of external MRI spectrometer is higher, but importer spectrometer is expensive, and correlation technique data is highly confidential.The domestic research to spectrometer is started late, and technology is the most immature, still has certain gap with Foreign Advanced Lerel.
Spectrometer position in MRI system is upwards connected with master computer, pass downwardly through power amplifier to be connected with the coil in magnetic field, play a part core in the entire system to control, its major function includes: 1) receive imaging sequence and parameter that user sends from master computer, requires to produce whole hardware switch signals of each pulse chronologically.2) produce the radio-frequency (RF) excited waveform of specific bandwidth, and the frequency of waveform, phase place, amplitude are modulated.3) according to requirement and the compensation dysgenic to imaging ring of imaging sequence, the waveform of x, y, z three road gradient signal is calculated.4) the accurate sequential that control RF pulse signal and gradient signal set according to imaging sequence, respectively after radio-frequency power amplifier and gradient power amplifier, drives radio frequency and gradient coil to produce actual radio-frequency (RF) excited magnetic field and gradient coding magnetic field.5) to that receiving coil induces and through the enhanced magnetic resonance signal of front-located power amplifier, carry out analog digital conversion and obtain digital signal, then it is demodulated, filters and the pretreatment such as extraction obtains K space data, finally deliver to master computer and carry out Fourier transformation imaging.
As can be seen here, spectrometer has powerful signal processing function, controls imaging sequential and the generation of various waveshape signal of whole MRI system, receives and process, the quality of imaging is had vital impact.But, current existing spectrograph techniques is mainly both for the single-frequency spectral spectrometer of H proton imaging.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome deficiency of the prior art, develop the polynary frequency spectrum spectrometer control system being suitable for multiple nmr imaging.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system for multi-nuclear magnetic resonance, including:
Scanning monitor, is connected with a master computer, is responsible for communicating with master computer；Described scanning monitor receives control instruction, imaging sequence and the configuration parameter that user is sent by described master computer, described configuration parameter is distributed to corresponding hardware module, perform described imaging sequence and produce hardware trigger signal, control described hardware module and require co-ordination chronologically；
Polynary radio-frequency signal generator, it is electrical connected with described scanning monitor, under the configuration parameter of described scanning monitor and the control of triggering signal, described polynary radio-frequency signal generator produces the RF pulse signal comprising multi-frequency, bandwidth, phase place, amplitude, thus encourages multiple imaging object to produce resonance；
Polynary gradient generator, is electrical connected with described scanning monitor, for parsing multiple gradient waveform from described imaging sequence, drives gradient coil to produce the multiple gradient magnetic for space encoding；
Polynary radio frequency receiver, is electrical connected with described scanning monitor, sends described scanning monitor after processed by magnetic resonance signal to, then is returned to master computer by described scanning monitor and carry out image reconstruction.
The multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system proposed according to the present invention, wherein, described scanning monitor includes FPGA and some peripheral storages, is connected with described master computer by Ethernet interface.
The multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system proposed according to the present invention, wherein, described polynary radio-frequency signal generator includes FPGA, memorizer and DAC, described RF pulse signal is converted into analogue signal by DAC and exports, after radio-frequency (RF) power amplification, in radio-frequency coil, produce multiple radio-frequency (RF) magnetic field, encourage multiple imaging object to produce resonance.
The multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system proposed according to the present invention, wherein, described polynary gradient generator includes DSP, memorizer, FPGA and DAC, DSP is for calculating the multiple gradient waveform in sequence, FPGA is for converting parallel data into the serial input data needed for DAC, and DAC is for being converted into analog signal output by multiple gradient waveform.
The multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system proposed according to the present invention, wherein, described polynary radio frequency receiver includes that FPGA and ADC, the premenstrual storing of described magnetic resonance signal input described polynary radio frequency receiver the most afterwards, ADC be converted into digital signal.
The multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system proposed according to the present invention, wherein, multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system is divided into three pieces of boards on hardware, the board at described scanning monitor place constitutes mainboard, described polynary radio-frequency signal generator and polynary radio frequency receiver one piece of daughter board of composition, described polynary gradient generator constitutes another block daughter board, one piece of FPGA is all had on every piece of board, pin type patch plug is used to be attached between board, daughter board is directly inserted on the slot that mainboard provides, and centre need not winding displacement and connects.
The multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system proposed according to the present invention, wherein, the model of described FPGA is EP3C120F780 chip.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the radio-frequency pulse that can be launched simultaneously and receive multi-frequency by single pass, and obtains the function of multiple nuclear image-forming information.Application claims contains multiple transmitting and receives passage, and is mutually independent, and realizes high-speed parallel and launches and receive, and to reduce the image artifacts in patient's scanning process, and can significantly extend sweep time while obtaining many nuclear imaging datas.Multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system also with the present invention is scanned, the imaged image of multiple atomic nucleus every aspect can be obtained, by a series of post-processing technologies such as reconstruction and fusions, the diagnosis for disease provides more image information, makes the diagnosis of disease and treatment reach precision.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the hardware architecture diagram of the multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the software comprising modules schematic diagram of the multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not paying creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
The polynary frequency spectrum spectrometer control system of the present invention, including hardware components and software section.Wherein hardware components includes scanning monitor, polynary radio-frequency signal generator, polynary gradient generator and polynary radio frequency receiver, and software section matches with hardware components, it is capable of the multiple imaging demand of user, obtaining high-quality magnetic resonance image (MRI), wherein software section is mainly by carrying out order and the nucleus module of data process and other peripheral routine module compositions.As the core component of polynary MRI system, the polynary frequency spectrum spectrometer control system of the present invention, according to the requirement of imaging pulse sequence, produces multiple radio frequency and gradient pulse with specific sequential, receives and process multiple magnetic resonance signal, complete the process of polynary MRI scan.
Along with integrated circuit and the development of Digital Signal Processing, the digitized of MRI spectrometer is trend of the times.The present invention is that master devises this set digitized polynary frequency spectrum spectrometer control system with the IC chip such as FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), DSP (Digital Signal Processor), ADC (Analog to Digital Converter), DAC (Digital to Analog Converter), and its hardware structure is as shown in Figure 1.
The composition of each module and function be:
1) scanning monitor
It is made up of FPGA and some peripheral storages, externally Ethernet interface is used to be connected with master computer, it is responsible for communicating with master computer, receive the control instruction of user, imaging sequence and parameter and explain, to parameter being distributed corresponding hardware module, performing sequence and producing hardware trigger signal, controlling other modules and require co-ordination chronologically, receive and buffer radio frequency receiver and transmit the multiple magnetic resonance signal data of coming, return to master computer and carry out image reconstruction.
2) polynary radio-frequency signal generator
It is made up of FPGA, memorizer and DAC, is externally connected with radio-frequency (RF) power amplification.Radio-frequency signal generator triggers under controlling in parameter configuration and the sequential of scanning monitor, produce multi-frequency, bandwidth, phase place, the RF pulse signal of amplitude, it is converted into analogue signal by DAC to export, after radio-frequency (RF) power amplification, in radio-frequency coil, produce multiple radio-frequency (RF) magnetic field, be excited into multiple picture object and produce resonance.
3) polynary gradient generator
It is made up of DSP, memorizer, FPGA and DAC, is externally connected with gradient power amplifier.DSP calculates the multiple gradient waveform in sequence, FPGA converts parallel data into the serial input data needed for DAC, multiple gradient waveform is converted into analog signal output by DAC, produces the multiple gradient magnetic for space encoding through gradient power amplifier rear drive gradient coil.
4) polynary radio frequency receiver
It is made up of FPGA and ADC, is externally connected with front-located power amplifier.Input radio frequency receptor after the premenstrual storing of magnetic resonance signal greatly, is converted into digital signal by ADC, is then demodulated a series of Digital Signal Processing such as filtering, and result sends scanning monitor to.
In the design of the present invention, spectrometer being divided on hardware 3 pieces of boards, the board at scanning monitor place constitutes mainboard, and polynary radio frequency occurs and receptor forms one piece of daughter board, and polynary gradient generator constitutes another block daughter board, and every piece of board all has one piece of FPGA.Using pin type patch plug to be attached between board, daughter board is directly inserted on the slot that mainboard provides, and centre need not winding displacement and connects, to improve data transmission bauds, it is to avoid trigger the uncertainty of signal transmission delay.So the polynary frequency spectrum spectrometer of design has that volume is little, structure is simplified, good stability, timing accuracy are high, low cost and other advantages, by rationally selecting ADC and the frequency coverage of DAC chip, can realize low field permanent-magnet type and the compatibility of high field super type MRI system.
FPGA type selecting
In the design of hardware system, fpga chip is used for carrying out control and the process of signal, each module plays an important role: in scanning monitor, be responsible for explanation and the parameter distribution of sequential, trigger the generation of signal, the cache management of K space data and upload；In radiofrequency launcher, its task is selection and the configuration DAC of management baseband waveform；In gradient generator, it is mainly used to realize the shunting of gradient data and parallel-serial converter；In radio frequency receiver, it is responsible for the configuration management of ADC and the pretreatment to the magnetic resonance signal received.
The FPGA production firm of main flow includes Xilinx, Altera, Actel and Lattice etc. at present, and chip is of a great variety, has their own characteristics each in structure and performance.On the basis of having considered the key factors such as the internal resource of FPGA, usable pins number, speed, power consumption and cost, we have selected the EP3C120F780 chip of altera corp CycloneIII series in the design.CycloneIII series is based on Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. (TaiwanSemiconductor Manufacturing Company, the TSMC) low-power consumption of 65nm technological design, low cost, jumbo fpga chip.EP3C120F780 is the model that in this series, performance is the highest, and it mainly has the following characteristics that
1) low-power consumption
EP3C120F780 is specifically designed for low-power consumption and is optimized, the technique used and architecture are improved technology and are included using low K insulation, variable channel length and oxidated layer thickness, multiple transistor threshold voltage etc., at the extreme environment of 85 DEG C, quiescent dissipation only has 170mW.Additionally, altera corp payes attention to the accuracy of power consumption analysis, being uniquely to utilize tool kit to carry out 85 DEG C of FPGA suppliers estimated with chip power-consumption under worst condition in low cost series, developer can utilize the Power Play instrument of Quartus II to carry out the estimation of power consumption, analysis and Automatic Optimal.Low-power consumption is conducive to reducing caloric value in the environment of high integration, reduces the requirement to cooling system, strengthens the system adaptation ability to extreme environment, improves the stability of system.
2) aboundresources
Comprise 119,088 logical block (logic element, LE), 432 M9K memory modules, the on-chip memory total capacity of 3.8Mbits,
The embedded multiplier of 288 18 × 18bit, it is possible to achieve abundant digital logic functions.Expansion along with FPGA design scale, requirement to Clock management improves constantly, built-in 20 global clock networks of EP3C120F780 and 4 enhancement mode PLL, provide high-level clock management function, including the most newly configured, cascade ability, phase shift able to programme, external clock output, programmable duty cycle, locking detection, spread spectrum input clock etc., simplify circuit entirety fabric swatch, it is provided that the sequencing contro function that cost performance is the highest.It addition, clock system is not when using, it is also possible to close, to save power consumption.
3) powerful I/O interface is supported
EP3C120F780 provides 531 user-defined I/O ports, supports multiple single-ended and differential interface standard, supports serial terminal coupling in driving impedance coupling and sheet, it is possible to be joined directly together with numerous IC functional chips simultaneously.It addition, support multiple high speed outer memory interface, including DDR, DDR2, SDR SDRAM and QDRII SRAM, high transmission speed is up to 400Mbps.Quartus II software additionally provides for DDR and QDR memorizer physical layer interface from dynamic(al) correction macroefficiency, it simplifies the requirement of timing closure, utilizes the characteristic of dynamically reseting of PLL in sheet to be corrected the change of power, voltage and temperature.
4) DSP embedded
Internal embedded multiplier, storage resource and external interface are integrated, may be constructed embedded digital signal processing (DSP) system.
The IP kernel of dsp system (the Intellectual Property core) that Altera provides, it is possible to achieve the functions such as digital filtering, fast Fourier transform (FFT), image procossing.DSP Builder software provides the interface between Math Works Simulink, MATLAB and Quartus II, conveniently carries out design and the realization of various signal processing algorithm.
Based on These characteristics, the present invention uses EP3C120F780 to realize the connection with other chips in spectrometer hardware platform, completes signal and generates, controls and process task, improves the integrated level of system, reduce cost.
Software system design
Software system refer mainly on a host computer for user spectrometer control software, it matches with the hardware system of spectrometer, it is possible to realizes the multiple imaging demand of user, obtains high-quality magnetic resonance image (MRI).Software system is mainly by carrying out order and the nucleus module of data process and other peripheral routine module compositions.
As shown in Figure 2, the software kernels module of the present invention includes testing module, sequence generating module, control module, data processing module, data package module and network communication module, the function of each module is: 1) test module, for spectrometer developer and system engineer, open the access interface of main hardware module in spectrometer, for carrying out system detection and the function debugging of spectrometer.2) sequence generating module, is responsible for the sequential file used by MRI imaging and Parameter File are compiled into the data message required for spectrometer hardware platform.3) control module, the interrupting information occurred during analyzing the current state of the operational order of user, spectrometer and MRI scan also makes corresponding response.4) data processing module, the MR data uploading spectrometer carries out post processing, including phase compensation, Fourier transformation imaging, image enhaucament etc..5) data package module, according to set tunneling, adds to the data of upper layer module and characterizes this data characteristics and the data head of destination, be packaged, in order to obtain correct distribution processor at spectrometer end；To the packet from network communication module, resolved by agreement, find out feature and the destination of data, and be sent to corresponding module.6) network communication module, has been responsible for the communication interaction of master computer end and spectrometer, it is achieved the transmitting-receiving of data processes.
The nucleus module of software system is that spectrometer can be controlled and the necessary part of scanning of imaging by user at master computer end, but to enrich the function with sophisticated systems, in addition it is also necessary to some other peripheral routine module.Peripheral module includes program interface, application module, document storage management module and routine call interface module.Program interface content mainly includes main menu, graphical display window, operation button, order line input window, sequence editor window etc., has function and intuitively and operates feature easily.Application module includes that parameter quantitative module, eddy current compensation module, shimming module and other special applications modules, auxiliary user carry out the setting of imaging parameters and realize special imaging requirements.Magnetic resonance K space data, view data etc. are saved as the file of specified format by document storage management module, and complete the reading of file, store and the operation such as management.Routine call interface module is that the software system of spectrometer provides the standard interface of universal standard agreement DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine) supported current medical image to store, transmit, file, and by reserved Active X or DLL interface, facilitate other software transfers.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: accompanying drawing is the schematic diagram of an embodiment, module or flow process in accompanying drawing are not necessarily implemented necessary to the present invention.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the module in device in embodiment can describe in the device being distributed in embodiment according to embodiment, it is also possible to carries out respective change and is disposed other than in one or more devices of the present embodiment.The module of above-described embodiment can merge into a module, it is also possible to is further split into multiple submodule.
Last it is noted that above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme, it is not intended to limit；Although the present invention being described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that: the technical scheme described in previous embodiment still can be modified by it, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent；And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of embodiment of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (7)
1. the multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system for multi-nuclear magnetic resonance, it is characterised in that including:
Scanning monitor, is connected with a master computer, is responsible for communicating with master computer；Described scanning monitor
Receive control instruction, imaging sequence and configuration parameter that user is sent by described master computer, by described configuration ginseng
Number is distributed to corresponding hardware module, performs described imaging sequence and produces hardware trigger signal, controls described hardware mould
Block requires co-ordination chronologically；
Polynary radio-frequency signal generator, is electrical connected with described scanning monitor, at the configuration parameter of described scanning monitor
Under control with triggering signal, described polynary radio-frequency signal generator produces and comprises multi-frequency, bandwidth, phase place, amplitude
RF pulse signal, thus encourage multiple imaging object produce resonance；
Polynary gradient generator, is electrical connected with described scanning monitor, for parsing from described imaging sequence
Multiple gradient waveform, drives gradient coil to produce the multiple gradient magnetic for space encoding；
Polynary radio frequency receiver, is electrical connected with described scanning monitor, after being processed by magnetic resonance signal
Send described scanning monitor to, then returned to master computer by described scanning monitor and carry out image reconstruction.
Multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described scanning control
Device processed includes FPGA and some peripheral storages, is connected with described master computer by Ethernet interface.
Multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described polynary penetrate
Frequency generator includes FPGA, memorizer and DAC, and described RF pulse signal is converted into analogue signal by DAC to be carried out
Output, produces multiple radio-frequency (RF) magnetic field after radio-frequency (RF) power amplification in radio-frequency coil, encourages multiple imaging object to produce resonance.
Multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described polynary ladder
Degree generator includes DSP, memorizer, FPGA and DAC, and DSP is used for calculating the multiple gradient waveform in sequence,
FPGA is for converting parallel data into the serial input data needed for DAC, and DAC is for turning multiple gradient waveform
Change analog signal output into.
Multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described polynary penetrate
Frequently receptor includes that FPGA and ADC, the premenstrual storing of described magnetic resonance signal input described polynary radio frequency receiver the most afterwards,
It is converted into digital signal by ADC.
Multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that multifocal frequency spectrum is composed
Instrument control system is divided into three pieces of boards on hardware, and the board at described scanning monitor place constitutes mainboard, described
Polynary radio-frequency signal generator and polynary radio frequency receiver one piece of daughter board of composition, described polynary gradient generator constitutes another block
Daughter board, every piece of board all has one piece of FPGA, uses pin type patch plug to be attached between board, and daughter board is directly inserted
On the slot that mainboard provides, centre need not winding displacement and connects.
7. according to the multifocal frequency spectrum spectrometer control system according to any one of claim 2-6, it is characterised in that
The model of described FPGA is EP3C120F780 chip.
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