CN105891087B - A kind of device and method for measuring be pressurized accumulation sand body porosity and Particle Breakage rate - Google Patents
A kind of device and method for measuring be pressurized accumulation sand body porosity and Particle Breakage rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN105891087B CN105891087B CN201610238161.3A CN201610238161A CN105891087B CN 105891087 B CN105891087 B CN 105891087B CN 201610238161 A CN201610238161 A CN 201610238161A CN 105891087 B CN105891087 B CN 105891087B
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011545 laboratory measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N2015/1024—Counting particles by non-optical means
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of device and methods for measuring be pressurized accumulation sand body porosity and Particle Breakage rate.The measuring device is mainly using micro- compressibility of law of connected vessels and water, including hydraulic device, caulking gum matrix, pressurization matrix, interior metal mold, inner transparent watch window, outer glass measurer, bottom connection microchannel etc..Fine sand (proppant) is added in internal metal die, add water in the middle until just flooding accumulation sand body to mold again, it is pressurizeed by pressue device to accumulation sand body, water is flowed to by bottom communicating passage in outer glass measurer after being squeezed, and can be read increased water and be accumulated sand body porosity reduction degree.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Porosity variation, Particle Breakage rate, the proppant embedment degree for the accumulation sand body that is pressurized are can measure, lays mode for optimization proppant, prediction sand packed fracture width provides support with the variation relation of pressure；Apparatus structure is simple, light, easily operated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of are pressurized for laboratory measurement to accumulate device and the side of sand body porosity and Particle Breakage rate
Method belongs to the field of oil-gas field development technology.
Background technology
Shale gas is a kind of very important unconventional energy resource, and hypotonic, fine and close is the most important feature of shale gas reservoir, is used
Traditional production technique can not obtain industrial gas, thus the development of shale gas receives serious obstruction.In recent ten years, especially
It is in the U.S., due to the appearance of horizontal well drilling technology and large hydraulic fracturing technology, U.S.'s shale gas industrial development obtains
Rapid progress, shale gas reservoir can produce considerable industrial gas.Chinese shale gas is resourceful, and reserves are about 15,000,000,000,000-30
Tcm or so, roughly the same with 28.3 tcm of the U.S., economic value is huge.Therefore, carry out hydraulic fracturing and
The technical research of related fields, it is most important for exploitation shale gas resource.
The crack for forming high flow conductivity is the main target of hydraulic fracturing, and the flow conductivity in crack refers to reservoir condition
The product of lower sand packed fracture permeability and fracture width, therefore the flow conductivity in crack that hydraulic fracturing is formed is fracture permeabgility
And the aspect of fracture width two interact as a result, and fracture condudtiviy and the performance of fracture width and proppant have one
Fixed relationship.Specific explanations are as follows：Under the effect of certain clossing pressure, proppant can be embedded in stratum, while proppant particles become
Shape is even broken further to influence fracture width, and reduce the porosity and penetration radius of sand packed fracture in certain degree,
According to Gao Caini-Kalman's permeability formula it is recognised that the permeability of back-up sand layer and porosity and penetration radius square are in
Direct ratio.
It is relevant the study found that the influence of the performance fracture flow conductivity of proppant is huge both at home and abroad, high circularity, high ball
Degree, high rigidity, isometrical proppant are often the main target pursued.There are two types of between isometrical spherical shape proppant sand grains
Accumulation mode is respectively：Square is banked up, diamond shape is banked up, and the accumulation sand body porosity of each self-forming of two ways is ascending
It is respectively：Diamond shape is banked up<Square is banked up.But it is random that a large amount of proppant, which is packed together, and two kinds of accumulation modes all can
In the presence of, and inevitably there are a certain amount of cavities.If proppant is not of uniform size, it is also possible to exist：It is 1. embedding between bulky grain hole
Enter small size particle；2. fill little particle between cavity.If proppant is aspherical, accumulation mode is just more complicated, and
And cavity can also increase.In short, the size of proppant, sphericity influence significantly the accumulation mode of proppant；But no matter prop up
It is whether isometrical or spherical to support agent, the porosity of bulk deposition sand body is close to 40%, and measures bigger, and porosity value is closer
40%.And the change procedure of porosity can be divided into two stages after these accumulation sand bodies compressions：First stage predominantly accumulates
The change to diamond shape stacked configuration is banked up in the change of mode including hole, the filling in cavity and square；Second stage is main
It is that proppant deforms, crushes and be embedded in formation rock.
Research in terms of there is presently no sand body porosity is accumulated specifically for proppant, is system research proppant mostly
In terms of permeability, flow conductivity and flowback effect.The author thinks that research accumulation sand body porosity is closed with the variation of pressure
System lays mode for optimization proppant, preferably proppant performance parameter, prediction sand packed fracture flow conductivity etc. has weight
Want meaning.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of measure be pressurized accumulation sand body porosity and Particle Breakage rate device and
Using the method for the device, mode is laid for optimization proppant, preferably proppant fundamental performance parameter provides experiment and supports, and is
Predict that sand packed fracture width, permeability provide data supporting with pressure change relationship.It, can using this measuring device and method
The shortcomings that avoiding single or a small amount of proppant deflection unobvious, being not easy to measure, while can dynamically measure accumulation sand body hole
Spend variation with pressure, unit volume sand grains degree of crushing；The matrix that pressurizes is changed into the rock panel of polishing, proppant can be measured
Insertion degree.The apparatus structure is simple, easy to operate.
The structure design thinking of apparatus of the present invention is as follows：
The device mainly measures the variation of accumulation sand body porosity using micro- compressibility of law of connected vessels and water.Heap
Before product sand body is pressurized, the water in interior metal mold 6 is flushed with the water level in outer glass measurer 5.Passing through
During hydraulic device 1 applies pressure, connecting rod 2 gives pressure transmission to pressurization matrix 4, and pressurization matrix 4 is pressed down against internal gold
Belong to the accumulation sand body in mold 6, after accumulating sand body extrusion, water connects 8 seepage flow of microchannel to outer glass by bottom
In measurer 5, by 5 dynamic of outer glass measurer read water number, that is, accumulate sand body porosity variation.Wherein,
Caulking gum matrix 3 plays the role of sealing, prevents water in extrusion process from being oozed out from top；Transparent sight hole mouth 10 is used to observe
With read experiment before add sand grains number and pressurized process in accumulate sand body on interface decline degree；It if will pressurization
Matrix 4 changes rock panel into, also the degree of Observable sand grains insertion rock.
Outer glass measurer 5 can the different glass of the mating volume of sizes replacements how many according to accumulation sand body and porosity
Glass measurer.
A 8 outside installation soap film flowmeter 11 of connection microchannel wherein, closes other microchannels, by test medium
Air (accumulate in sand body and be added without water, do the experiment again) is changed to, the experimental result of acquisition can be with water as medium
Experimental result compares, and reduces error.
It is a kind of to accumulate sand body porosity and Particle Breakage rate as test medium to measure to be pressurized by the use of above device and water
Method of work it is as follows：
(1) it is n by numbers of particles1, apparent volume V1Proppant particles be laid in interior metal mold 6；
(2) it is V to measure volume with graduated cylinder2Water be added to accumulation sand body in, just flood accumulation sand body upper interface stop
Only, it is V to record remaining water in graduated cylinder at this time3, the volume of water is V in outer glass measurer4, then sand body initial porosity is accumulated
For
(3) hydraulic device 1 is opened, pressurization matrix 4 slowly runs downwards the accumulation sand body squeezed in interior metal mold 6,
It is V to record accumulation sand body apparent volume at any time by transparent sight hole mouth 106, and record the changing value P of pressure and external glass
The volume V of water in glass measurer 57, then the porosity of accumulation sand body is when pressure is P
(4) pressure release, the crushed particles number for checking accumulation sand body in interior metal mold 6 are n2, then proppant
Grain percentage of damage be
(5) it is d to measure the depth being recessed on pressurization rock panel matrix.
Variation relation of the porosity with pressure can be so obtained, and the percentage of damage of agent at various pressures that can be supported
And embedded degree.
The experiment can also change medium into air, and soap film flowmeter 11, specific steps such as 2 institute of embodiment are installed in bottom
Show.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
1st, dynamic of the present invention measures the porosity of accumulation sand body and the variation of pressure, and it is bent with porosity relationship to find out pressure
The turning point of line；
2nd, the present invention can be used for analyzing the percentage of damage of proppant and the insertion degree of different rock panels；
3rd, the configuration of the present invention is simple, it is easy to operate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the device sectional view using water as test medium；
Fig. 2 is the device appearance figure and bottom plan view using water as test medium；
Fig. 3 is the device sectional view using air as test medium；
Fig. 4 is experimental result：Variation relation curve graph of the sand body porosity with pressure is accumulated, solid line is tied for true experiment
Fruit, dotted line are fitting tangent line.
In figure, 1- hydraulic devices, 2- connecting rods, 3- caulking gum matrixs, 4- pressurization matrixs, 5- outer glass measurers, in 6-
Portion's metal die, 7- determine volume cavity, 8- connections microchannel, 9- pedestals, 10- transparent sight hole mouths, 11- soap film flowmeters
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiment and Figure of description, but not limited to this：
Embodiment 1：
The present embodiment elaborates by Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.The device mainly utilizes the micro- compressible of law of connected vessels and water
Property come measure accumulation sand body porosity variation.It is first added in internal metal die 6 and determines the proppant of volume, known to number；
Add water thereto with graduated cylinder again, until upper liquid level just floods proppant；According to law of connected vessels it is found that outer glass amount at this time
Have 5 liquid levels to flush with the liquid level in interior metal mold 6, the volume of water in record outer glass measurer 5；Open hydraulic pressure
Pressurization matrix 4 is slowly put into interior metal mold 6, and slowly pressurize by device 1, connecting rod 2, and accumulation sand body apparent volume can
It is read by transparent sight hole mouth 10；Hydraulic data is recorded at any time, accumulates water in sand body apparent volume and outer glass measurer
Volume.Caulking gum matrix 3 plays the role of sealing, is avoided that water is oozed out from top.
If use φlRepresent porosity, V6To accumulate sand body apparent volume, V under a certain pressure2For the original measurement of graduated cylinder
Water, V3For water volume remaining in graduated cylinder, V7For water volume in outer glass measurer, then accumulate sand body porosity when pressure is PPorosity is drawn as a curve with the changing value of pressure, an inflection point can be obtained, as shown in figure 4, inflection point
Leading portion changes for porosity caused by the change of proppant accumulation mode, hole caused by inflection point back segment deforms for proppant and is embedded
Porosity changes.
After testing pressure release, check the crushed particles number that sand body is accumulated in interior metal mold 6, and divided by experiment before institute
The proppant number taken, so that it may obtain the proppant particles percentage of damage under a certain pressure；And the insert depth of rock panel is measured,
The agent that can be supported is embedded in the insertion degree of the type rock.
Outer glass measurer 5 can sizes how many according to accumulation sand body and porosity replace different outer of mating volume
Portion's glass measuring device.
Embodiment 2：
If using air as test medium, the outer glass measurer 5 in the device is taken away, closed bottom connection is micro-
Channel 8 leaves hole installation soap film flowmeter 11, and other part reservation is constant in device；But it should increase in practical operation
Sealing material, because air is more easy to exosmose.Using air as the device of test medium, the specific structure is shown in FIG. 3.
It is as follows using the method for work of air as the device of test medium：
(1) sealed bottom connection microchannel 8 leaves hole installation soap film flowmeter 11；It, can be with if worrying sealing effect
Two covering devices are designed, one is suitable for water, does not stay the hole of installation soap film flowmeter；One is suitable for air, does not set bottom connection
Microchannel only sets hole installation soap film flowmeter；
(2) it is n first to measure numbers of particles with the device suitable for water1Accumulation sand body initial porosity beV4The water volume in outer glass measurer 5 when for pressure being 0, then initial pore volume is V2-
V3-V4；
(3) proppant that these get wet is dried, be poured into interior metal mold 6, artificial leveling accumulation sand body
Upper interface, and open hydraulic device 1 and fall pressurization matrix 4 plus a little pressure, accumulation sand body is read by transparent sight hole mouth 10
Initial appearance volume is Vgo, Vgo=V1；
(4) increase hydraulic pressure, pressurization matrix 4 slowly runs downwards the accumulation sand body squeezed in interior metal mold 6, by saturating
Bright observation window 10 records accumulation sand body apparent volume V at any timeg, and record pressure changing value P, soap film flowmeter flow v and
Time t；So pore volume decrement is Δ Vg=vt；Porosity when so pressure is P is
(5) pressure release, the crushed particles number for checking accumulation sand body in interior metal mold 6 are n2, then proppant
Grain percentage of damage be
(6) it is d to measure the depth being recessed on pressurization rock panel matrix 4.
So with regard to variation relation of the porosity with pressure can be obtained, and the percentage of damage of agent at various pressures that can be supported
And embedded degree.Comparison water is used only to branch by the use of air as Medium Measurement compression accumulation sand body porosity and Particle Breakage rate
The influence of agent percentage of damage and embedded degree is supportted, while advanced optimizes variation relation of the porosity with pressure.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of device for measuring be pressurized accumulation sand body porosity and Particle Breakage rate, it is mainly by pressurized part, measurement part
Composition；It is characterized in that, hydraulic device (1) by connecting rod (2), pressurization matrix (4) to the accumulation sand in interior metal mold (6)
Body pressurizes, and caulking gum matrix (3) is wrapped in connecting rod (2) periphery, and sealing can be played by playing the role of three layers of spherical protrusion up and down；It is interior
Portion's metal die (6) has transparent sight hole mouth (10), and two layers of connection microchannel (8) and interior metal mold (6), outside are arranged at bottom
Volume cavity (7) of determining between glass measuring device (5) communicates, and is labeled on transparent sight hole mouth (10) and outer glass measurer (5)
Scale；
The bottom of device has a connection microchannel that can install soap film flowmeter (11), accumulates sand body by the use of air as Medium Measurement
When porosity changes, other connection microchannels are closed；When being changed by the use of the porosity of water as Medium Measurement accumulation sand body, close
Unique channel of soap film flowmeter (11) is filled, others connection microchannel (8) opens and loads onto sand control screens.
2. a kind of device for measuring be pressurized accumulation sand body porosity and Particle Breakage rate, feature exist according to claim 1
Part and pressurization matrix (4) between, three layers of spherical shape of protrusion on the caulking gum matrix (3), three layers of protrusion
On a vertical plane, fit closely interior metal mold (6) inner cavity wall surface, i.e., the section diameter between three layers protrusion with it is internal
Metal die (6) diameter is equal.
3. a kind of device for measuring be pressurized accumulation sand body porosity and Particle Breakage rate, feature exist according to claim 1
In, the pressurization matrix (4), interior metal mold (6), outer glass measurer (5) are cylinder, and pressurize matrix (4) with
Interior metal mold (6) radius size is equal；It is different, mating that outer glass measurer (5) can replace radius as needed
Measurer.
4. a kind of device for measuring be pressurized accumulation sand body porosity and Particle Breakage rate, feature exist according to claim 1
In bottom connection microchannel (8) aperture is sufficiently small, can load onto sealing net in inside as needed, prevents broken thin
Little particle, which is squeezed, to be flowed into outer glass measurer (5).
5. a kind of device for measuring be pressurized accumulation sand body porosity and Particle Breakage rate, feature exist according to claim 1
In, it is described determine volume cavity (7) volume it is known that and according to cavity bottom area, in external glass measuring device (5) glass surface subscript
There is continuous scale；Interior metal mold (6) is marked with continuous scale also according to bottom area in transparent sight hole mouth (10).
6. a kind of device for measuring be pressurized accumulation sand body porosity and Particle Breakage rate, feature exist according to claim 1
In the measurement part is according to law of connected vessels, and the variation for accumulating water volume in sand body hole is presented on outer glass
In measurer (5), the variation for the accumulation sand body porosity that is pressurized is measured in a manner of visual；It is or directly straight with soap film flowmeter (11)
Connect the variation for measuring pore volume between compression sand grains.
7. a kind of device for measuring be pressurized accumulation sand body porosity and Particle Breakage rate, feature exist according to claim 1
In the pressurization matrix (4) is changed to the rock panel that radius is identical, surface is by polishing, measures the insertion degree of sand body, together
When also can measure the degree of crushing of unit volume sand grains.
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| CN201610238161.3A CN105891087B (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2016-04-15 | A kind of device and method for measuring be pressurized accumulation sand body porosity and Particle Breakage rate |
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| CN201610238161.3A CN105891087B (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2016-04-15 | A kind of device and method for measuring be pressurized accumulation sand body porosity and Particle Breakage rate |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109523007B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2022-10-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Process reconstruction method based on spherical particle accumulation |
| CN111505204B (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2022-11-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Determination method for anti-crushing capacity of proppant, proppant crushing device and system |
| CN110243681B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2021-09-17 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for determining particle breakage rate through coarse particle material in-situ load test and application |
| CN111122417B (en) * | 2020-02-22 | 2022-06-21 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for measuring total volume expansion rate of open-close hole of coal containing gas |
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