CN105890536A - Method of inducing grating deformation based on ultrasonic pulse and used for measuring strain - Google Patents
Method of inducing grating deformation based on ultrasonic pulse and used for measuring strain Download PDFInfo
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- CN105890536A CN105890536A CN201610215074.6A CN201610215074A CN105890536A CN 105890536 A CN105890536 A CN 105890536A CN 201610215074 A CN201610215074 A CN 201610215074A CN 105890536 A CN105890536 A CN 105890536A
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- strain
- optical fiber
- grating
- peak
- spacing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
Abstract
The present invention provides a method of inducing grating deformation based on an ultrasonic pulse and used for measuring strain. The method for measuring the strain comprises the following steps a) overlapping an optical fiber sensor strain measurement system, wherein the system comprises a segment of optical fiber with a continuous and uniform grating, an ultrasonic generator and a demodulator, the optical fiber with the continuous and uniform grating is equipped with multiple segments of grating, the grids of each segment of grating are distributed evenly, and the grating intervals are same; b) attaching the optical fiber sensor strain measurement system to a to-be-measured strain material, and recording a spacing that an off-peak deviates a main peak and acquired by the demodulator; c) comparing the spacing that the off-peak deviates the main peak in the step b) with a relation curve that the spacing that the off-peak deviates the main peak changes along the strain to obtain the material strain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Fiber Bragg Grating technology field, induce light particularly to one based on ultrasonic pulse
The method being used for measuring strain of grid deformation
Background technology
Generally, the purpose of measurement is to obtain object of study for information about, and carries out corresponding
Process, go control object the most again, complete this functional performance and be sensing technology.Optical fiber passes
The basic functional principle of sensor is that through optical fiber, the light from light source is sent into manipulator, makes ginseng to be measured
After number and the light entering modulator zone interact, cause optical property (intensity, the ripple such as light of light
Length, frequency, phase place, polarization state etc.) change, it is referred to as the flashlight modulated, is passing through
Photo-detector sent into by optical fiber, is demodulated, it is thus achieved that measured parameter.In recent years, sensor towards
Sensitive, accurate, strong adaptability, small and exquisite and intelligentized direction are developed.In this course, light
The newcomer of this sensor family of fiber sensor gains great popularity.Optical fiber has a lot of excellent performance,
Such as: electromagnetism interference and the performance of atomic radiation, footpath is thin, matter is soft, lightweight mechanical performance;
Insulation, inductionless electric property;Water-fast, high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant chemical property etc., its energy
Enough in the place (such as high-temperature region) that people does not reaches, or the area (such as radioprotective district) being pernicious to people,
Playing the effect of the knowledge of people, and can also surmount the physiological limits of people, the sense organ of recipient is felt
By less than external information.Along with dense wave division multipurpose DWDM technology, erbium-doped fiber amplifier
EDFA technology and the development of Optical Time Division Multiplexing OTDR technique and maturation, Fibre Optical Communication Technology forward
Ultrahigh speed, the direction of high Capacity Communication System is developed, and progressively to all-optical network evolution.?
Under the drive of optic communication fast development, Fibre Optical Sensor is as the strain measurement to material, and magnetic
Field, the measurement aspect of temperature occasion, solution refractive index play an important role.
But the only change only around light source and optical fiber own material of traditional Fibre Optical Sensor carries
The degree of accuracy of high sensor, it is greatly limited.
The method of coupling ultrasonic ripple the most in a fiber grating can be caused to deform accordingly, it would be desirable to a kind of
The method measuring strain.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of based on ultrasonic pulse induction grating deformation for measuring
The method of strain, in one aspect, the described method measuring strain comprises the steps:
A) overlap joint Fibre Optical Sensor strain measurement system, described system include pumping source, the first optical fiber,
One wavelength division multiplexer, one section of optical fiber with continuous uniform grating, supersonic generator and demodulation
Instrument, described optical fiber one end with continuous uniform grating is bulbous end, and described ultrasound wave occurs
Device is provided with transmitting probe, and described transmitting probe is fixed with described bulbous end, described (FBG) demodulator and institute
State the optical fiber other end with continuous uniform grating to connect;The described light with continuous uniform grating
Fibre has multistage grating, and every section of raster grid is uniformly distributed, and is spaced identical between described grating;
B) Fibre Optical Sensor strain measurement system is fitted with strain gauge material to be measured, record described demodulation
The spacing from peak deviation main peak that instrument collects;
C) by the spacing from peak deviation main peak described in step b) and the spacing from peak deviation main peak
With the relation curve comparison of strain variation, obtain material strain size.
In one aspect, the described method measuring strain, deviates main peak from peak in described step c)
Spacing obtained by demarcation with the relation curve of strain variation, described demarcation comprises the following steps:
(1) the described optical fiber with continuous uniform grating is fitted with controlled strain gauge material;
(2) described pumping source launches light wave described first optical fiber of entrance, and described supersonic generator is sent out
Penetrate ultrasound wave and enter the described optical fiber with continuous uniform grating;
(3) spacing from peak deviation main peak that record (FBG) demodulator moment t collects;
(4) being gradually increased the strain of strain gauge material, repeating said steps (2) is to step (3)
Process, what the record (FBG) demodulator moment t identical with described step (3) collected differently strained draws
The spacing from peak deviation main peak risen;
(5) matching deviates the spacing relation curve with strain variation of main peak from peak.
In one aspect, the described method measuring strain, described bulbous end is that optical fiber connector burns
The bead of knot, is fixed by silica gel between described bead and described ultrasonic probe.
In one aspect, the described method measuring strain, described bead and described ultrasonic probe it
Between scribble and lead sound and stick with paste, described in lead sound and stick with paste as light acoustic matching material, enter optical fiber for coupled acoustic wave.
In one aspect, the described method measuring strain, the ultrasound wave described in step (2) with
Longitudinal waves is propagated, and the wavelength of described ultrasound wave is more than the grid length of described grating.
In one aspect, the described method measuring strain, described ultrasonic wavelength is 1cm-2cm.
In one aspect, the described method measuring strain, described step (4) increases strain
Method is for stretch, bend, vibrate or to extrude.
In one aspect, the described method measuring strain, the described spacing from peak deviation main peak
It is fitted by linear fit or method of least square with the relation curve of strain variation.
In yet another aspect, the invention provides the fiber sensor measuring of described measurement strain process
System, described measurement system includes pumping source, the first optical fiber, wavelength division multiplexer, one section of band
There are the optical fiber of continuous uniform grating, supersonic generator and (FBG) demodulator;
Described optical fiber one end with continuous uniform grating is bulbous end;
Described supersonic generator is provided with overshot probe, and described transmitting probe is solid with described bulbous end
Fixed, described (FBG) demodulator is connected with the described optical fiber other end with continuous uniform grating, described band
The optical fiber having continuous uniform grating has multistage grating, and every section of raster grid is uniformly distributed, described light
It is spaced identical between grid.
A kind of based on ultrasonic pulse induction grating deformation the side for measuring strain that the present invention provides
Method, by being coupled to thin for ultrasound wave in grating fibers, causes raster grid to deform, thus at light
Ripple main peak both sides are formed from peak, and the present invention, to monitoring from peak and carrying out strain measurement, makes strain measurement
Degree of accuracy more accurate.
Should be appreciated that aforementioned description substantially is exemplary illustration with follow-up detailed description and conciliates
Release, the restriction of content claimed to the present invention should not be used as.
Accompanying drawing explanation
With reference to the accompanying drawing enclosed, the more purpose of the present invention, function and advantage will be real by the present invention
Execute the described below of mode to be illustrated, wherein:
Fig. 1 schematically shows the present invention and measures the Optical Fiber Sensor Measurement System of strain;
Fig. 2 shows the present invention schematic diagram with continuous uniform grating fibers;
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of optical fiber coupling ultrasonic wavefront grid of the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows the reflectance spectrum of optical fiber coupling ultrasonic wavefront pulse of the present invention;
Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of grid after optical fiber coupling ultrasonic ripple of the present invention;
Fig. 6 show that optical fiber of the present invention occurs under ultrasonic pulse effect from peak;
Fig. 7 shows present invention schematic diagram from peak deviation main peak when differently strained;
Fig. 8 shows that the present invention deviates the main peak spacing curve with strain variation from peak.
Detailed description of the invention
By with reference to one exemplary embodiment, the purpose of the present invention and function and be used for realizing these mesh
And the method for function will be illustrated.But, the present invention is not limited to disclosed below showing
Exemplary embodiment;By multi-form, it can be realized.The essence of description is only
Help the detail of the various equivalent modifications Integrated Understanding present invention.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.In the accompanying drawings, identical attached
Figure labelling represents same or similar parts, or same or similar step.
The invention provides a kind of side for measuring strain based on ultrasonic pulse induction grating deformation
Method, in the present embodiment, the present invention measures the Optical Fiber Sensor Measurement System of strain as shown in Figure 1,
Described system includes 103, one section of band of 102, wavelength division multiplexer of pumping source the 101, first optical fiber
There are the optical fiber 106 of continuous uniform grating 108, supersonic generator 105 and (FBG) demodulator 104;With
Optical fiber one end of continuous uniform grating is bulbous end;Bulbous end is that optical fiber end is by sintering
The bead 107 become;Supersonic generator is provided with ultrasonic probe, described ultrasonic probe and described optical fiber
The bead 107 of end is fixed by silica gel.Scribble between ultrasonic probe and bead 107 and lead sound paste,
Leading sound paste enables sound wave to coupled in optical fiber as acoustic matching material.(FBG) demodulator 104 and described band
Optical fiber 106 other end having continuous uniform grating 108 connects, for gathering the reflectance spectrum of optical fiber.
Be detailed below ultrasound wave induction grating deformation principle:
The present invention is with the schematic diagram of continuous uniform grating fibers as shown in Figure 2, with continuous uniform
The optical fiber of grating is composed in series by the fiber grating 108 of multistage identical parameters or is directly distributed the most all
Even grating, preferably employs the grating fibers that the mode of distribution continuous uniform grating is made in the present embodiment
Having multistage grating, every section of raster grid is uniformly distributed, and the spacing between grating with grating is identical.
The light launched when pumping source 101 passes through to be distributed in the embodiment of the present invention continuous uniform grating fibers
Grid time, the grid 108a of optical fiber will not occur mechanically deform, optical fiber the most of the present invention
The schematic diagram of coupling ultrasonic wavefront grid.Light wave is completely by grating fibers, and demodulated instrument 104 is adopted
The reflectance spectrum of collection grating fibers, there is a main peak, light the most of the present invention in reflectance spectrum
The reflectance spectrum of fine coupling ultrasonic wavefront pulse.
The ultrasound wave launched when supersonic generator 105 is little with optical fiber connector sintering through ultrasonic probe
Leading sound between ball 107 to stick with paste in ultrasonic wave-coupled to optical fiber, meanwhile, pumping source 101 is launched
Light wave is coupled to continuous uniform after entering the first optical fiber 102 by light by wavelength division multiplexer 103
In the optical fiber of grating.Ultrasound wave is propagated the most forward with the form of compressional wave, works as ultrasonic propagation
To n-th section of grating, there is mechanically deform, when ultrasound wave leaves in the grid 108b that can induce optical fiber
After n-th section of grating, mechanically deform recovers, grid after optical fiber coupling ultrasonic ripple the most of the present invention
The schematic diagram of lattice.In the present invention, launch the wavelength grid length more than grating fibers of ultrasound wave,
When ultrasound wave passes completely through the reflectance spectrum meeting that the moment of n-th section of grating collects by (FBG) demodulator 104
The two ends of main peak appearance two from peak, optical fiber of the present invention as shown in Figure 6 is in ultrasonic pulse effect
Lower appearance from peak.
It is detailed below in the present embodiment by the method from peak measurement material strain:
Overlap joint Fibre Optical Sensor strain measurement system:
Building the fiber optic sensor system measuring strain, described system includes pumping source the 101, first light
Fine 103, one section of optical fiber 106 with continuous uniform grating of 102, wavelength division multiplexer, ultrasonic
Wave producer 105 and (FBG) demodulator 104;Optical fiber one end with continuous uniform grating is bulbous end;
Bulbous end is the optical fiber end bead 107 by sintering;Supersonic generator is provided with ultrasonic spy
Head, the bead 107 of described ultrasonic probe and described optical fiber connector is fixed by silica gel.Ultrasonic
Scribble between probe and bead and lead sound paste, lead sound paste and enable sound wave to coupled to as acoustic matching material
In optical fiber.(FBG) demodulator 104 is connected with described optical fiber 106 other end with continuous uniform grating,
For gathering the reflectance spectrum of optical fiber.
Fibre Optical Sensor strain measurement system carries out strain demarcate:
Optical fiber 106 with continuous uniform grating is fitted with controlled strain gauge material 109, chooses ring
Epoxy resins (Epoxy Resin) or acrylate are as adhesive, by grating light in the way of pasting
Fine grid zone is fixed on material surface.Pumping source 101 is launched light wave and is entered the first optical fiber 102, super
Sonic generator 105 is launched ultrasound wave and is led between ultrasonic probe and optical fiber connector sintering bead 107
Sound is stuck with paste and ultrasonic wave-coupled is entered the optical fiber 106 with continuous uniform grating, and ultrasound wave is at grating fibers
In propagate forward with the form of compressional wave, the wavelength of ultrasound wave is more than the grid length of grating fibers, excellent
Selection of land, in the present embodiment, the ultrasonic wavelength that supersonic generator 105 is launched is 1cm-2cm.
Light wave in first optical fiber 102 is coupled to continuous uniform grating by wavelength division multiplexer 103
Optical fiber 106.The spacing from peak deviation main peak that record (FBG) demodulator t collects.
The strain value ε of strain gauge material is changed by strain controlling device 1101, when record (FBG) demodulator is identical
The distance s from peak deviation main peak that the strain that quarter, t collected causes1, strain shift gears permissible
Material is stretched by strain controlling device 110, compress or bends, the present embodiment preferably draws
The mode stretched.Repeat said process, the differently strained ε of recording materials2、ε3、…εnCorresponding solution
Adjust the distance s from peak deviation main peak that instrument collects at t the most in the same time2、、s3…sn, as shown in Figure 7
The present invention deviates the schematic diagram of main peak when differently strained from peak.Matching is from the spacing of peak deviation main peak
With the relation curve of strain variation, curve matching can use least-squares algorithm linear fitting, such as public affairs
Shown in formula 1.
Y=ax+b (1)
Curve matching may be used without least square fitting, following equation (2) and (3) can release
Matched curve.
Solving equations, obtains a0And a1, so that it may construct the approximating function meeting square approach condition.
F (x)=a0+a1x (4)
What embodiment of the present invention matching obtained as shown in Figure 8 deviates main peak spacing with strain from peak
The curve of change.
Strain gauge material to be measured is measured:
Being fitted with strain gauge material to be measured by Fibre Optical Sensor strain measurement system, record moment t collects
The distance s from peak deviation main peak, will be from the Fibre Optical Sensor of distance s and the demarcation of peak deviation main peak
Strain measurement system from peak deviation main peak spacing with the relation curve comparison of strain variation, obtain material
Material strain size.
In conjunction with explanation and the practice of the present invention disclosed here, other embodiments of the present invention are for this
Skilled person is easy to expect and understand.Illustrate and embodiment is to be considered only as exemplary
, true scope and the purport of the present invention are all defined in the claims.
Claims (9)
1. based on ultrasonic pulse induction grating deformation for the method measuring strain, its feature
Being, the described method measuring strain comprises the steps:
A) overlap joint Fibre Optical Sensor strain measurement system, described system include pumping source, the first optical fiber,
One wavelength division multiplexer, one section of optical fiber with continuous uniform grating, supersonic generator and demodulation
Instrument, described optical fiber one end with continuous uniform grating is bulbous end, and described ultrasound wave occurs
Device is provided with transmitting probe, and described transmitting probe is fixed with described bulbous end, described (FBG) demodulator and institute
State the optical fiber other end with continuous uniform grating to connect;The described light with continuous uniform grating
Fibre has multistage grating, and every section of raster grid is uniformly distributed, and is spaced identical between described grating;
B) being fitted with strain gauge material to be measured by described Fibre Optical Sensor strain measurement system, record is described
The spacing from peak deviation main peak that (FBG) demodulator collects;
C) by the spacing from peak deviation main peak described in step b) and the spacing from peak deviation main peak
With the relation curve comparison of strain variation, obtain material strain size.
The method measuring strain the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
C) in, the spacing from peak deviation main peak is obtained by demarcation with the relation curve of strain variation, described mark
Surely comprise the following steps:
(1) the described optical fiber with continuous uniform grating is fitted with controlled strain gauge material;
(2) described pumping source launches light wave described first optical fiber of entrance, and described supersonic generator is sent out
Penetrate ultrasound wave and enter the described optical fiber with continuous uniform grating;
(3) spacing from peak deviation main peak that record (FBG) demodulator moment t collects;
(4) being gradually increased the strain of strain gauge material, repeating said steps (2) is to step (3)
Process, what the record (FBG) demodulator moment t identical with described step (3) collected differently strained draws
The spacing from peak deviation main peak risen;
(5) matching deviates the spacing relation curve with strain variation of main peak from peak.
The method measuring strain the most according to claim 1, its spy is just, described spherical
End is the bead of optical fiber connector sintering, passes through silicon between described bead and described transmitting probe
Glue is fixed.
The method measuring strain the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described bead
And scribble between described transmitting probe and lead sound and stick with paste, described in lead sound and stick with paste as light acoustic matching material, for coupling
Chorus ripple enters optical fiber.
The method measuring strain the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that step (2)
Described in ultrasound wave propagate with longitudinal waves, the wavelength of described ultrasound wave is more than the grid of described grating
Lattice length.
6. according to the method measuring strain described in claim 2 or 5, it is characterised in that described
Ultrasonic wavelength is 1cm-2cm.
The method measuring strain the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described step
(4) method of strain is increased in for stretch, bend, vibrate or to extrude.
The method measuring strain the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described from
The spacing of peak deviation main peak passes through linear fit or method of least square with the relation curve of strain variation
It is fitted.
9. measuring an Optical Fiber Sensor Measurement System for strain process described in claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, described measurement system include pumping source, the first optical fiber, wavelength division multiplexer, one section
Optical fiber, supersonic generator and (FBG) demodulator with continuous uniform grating;
Described optical fiber one end with continuous uniform grating is bulbous end;
Described supersonic generator is provided with transmitting probe, and described transmitting probe is solid with described bulbous end
Fixed, described (FBG) demodulator is connected with the described optical fiber other end with continuous uniform grating, described band
The optical fiber having continuous uniform grating has multistage grating, and every section of raster grid is uniformly distributed, described light
It is spaced identical between grid.
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Cited By (1)
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