CN105883809A - Calcium carbide furnace and method for preparing calcium carbide - Google Patents
Calcium carbide furnace and method for preparing calcium carbide Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a calcium carbide furnace and a method for preparing calcium carbide. The calcium carbide furnace comprises a pyrolytic reaction region and a calcium carbide reaction region from top to bottom, a plurality of heating boards, a heating channel, a material inlet, an oxygen-containing gas inlet and a calcium carbide outlet, wherein some heating boards are arranged on the first side wall of the calcium carbide furnace, the other heating boards are arranged on the second side wall opposite to the first side wall, the heating boards located on the first side wall and the heating boards located on the second side wall are distributed in a staggered mode, and the heating channel applicable to material heating is defined by the heating boards jointly. Medium and low order raw coal can be subjected to upgrading through a pyrolytic reaction in the pyrolytic reaction region, and the heating boards arranged inside the pyrolytic reaction region can improve the pyrolytic efficiency and effect of the pyrolytic reaction region.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical field.In particular it relates to furnace of calcium carbide and the method preparing calcium carbide.
Background technology
Calcium carbide formal name used at school calcium carbide, clear crystal, mainly for the production of acetylene gas, once it was referred to as " mother of organic synthesis industry ".
Acetylene is important industrial chemicals, mainly for the production of polyvinyl chloride-based and vinyl acetate base product, China's PVC product 70%
Raw materials for production acetylene come from calcium carbide, the economic development of China is had a very important role by calcium carbide, in the recent decade
Yield constantly increases, and 2013 annual productions reach more than 22,000,000 tons.
But, the technology preparing calcium carbide at present still haves much room for improvement.
Summary of the invention
It is contemplated that solve one of technical problem present in prior art the most to a certain extent.To this end, the present invention carries
Go out a kind of furnace of calcium carbide and the method preparing calcium carbide.This furnace of calcium carbide and method can be using middle low order raw coal as preparing the former of calcium carbide
Material, and heat can be made full use of such that it is able to significantly reducing production cost, additionally gained calcium carbide has higher quality.
It should be noted that the present invention is following discovery based on inventor and obtains:
The technology of calcium carbide is prepared currently with electrothermal way, high to the quality requirement of carbonaceous material, and utilize electrothermal way to prepare
Calcium carbide needs to consume substantial amounts of electric energy.And utilize the hot method of oxygen to prepare in the technology of calcium carbide, generally there is material consumption big, electric
The shortcoming that stone product quality is poor, becomes the huge obstruction during calcium carbide produces.Inventor through further investigation find, this be by
It is under conditions of with the presence of carrier of oxygen in the hot method of oxygen, makes carbonaceous material combustion heat release, utilize the heat produced remaining
Carbonaceous material and calcic material so that it is reaction generates calcium carbide.And said process is due to the unburnt thermal discharge of carbon-containing fuel
Less, therefore need a large amount of carbon-containing fuel supply heat that burns, in order to remaining carbonaceous material and calcic material are heated sufficiently to
There is the temperature of calcium carbide reaction of formation, thus result in supplies consumption amount big.Additionally, the ash content produced during carbonaceous material burning is big
Part is enriched in calcium carbide product, and then extreme influence calcium carbide product qualities.
The present inventor finds through great many of experiments, is coupled with oxygen thermal process by pyrolytic process, can reduce thing
Material consumption, improves calcium carbide quality, and can reduce production cost with middle low order raw coal and calcium based raw material as raw materials for production.
Specifically, after middle low order raw coal is mixed with calcium based raw material input furnace of calcium carbide, first carry out pyrolytic reaction in pyrolysis reaction region,
Thermal decomposition product falls to calcium carbide reaction zone, partial thermal decomposition product and oxygen-containing gas generation imperfect combustion heat release afterwards, heats it
Excess material, makes raw material continue to heat up and then occur calcium carbide reaction to generate calcium carbide.Thus, furnace of calcium carbide according to embodiments of the present invention
Using middle low order raw coal as raw material, and can make full use of heat with the method preparing calcium carbide, and then it can be avoided that be
Acquisition enough heats and the carbonaceous material that causes burns in a large number such that it is able to significantly reduce production cost, additionally be able to effectively
Reducing ash content in gained calcium carbide, therefore gained calcium carbide has higher quality.
In a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes furnace of calcium carbide.According to embodiments of the invention, this furnace of calcium carbide includes:
Top-down pyrolysis reaction region and calcium carbide reaction zone；Multiple heating plates, the plurality of heating plate is arranged on described pyrolytic reaction
In district, the part in the plurality of heating plate is arranged on the first side wall of described furnace of calcium carbide, in the plurality of heating plate
Another part is arranged on the second sidewall relative with described the first side wall, described heating plate by the sidewall of described furnace of calcium carbide towards
Described furnace of calcium carbide inner horizontal extends and arranges towards described furnace of calcium carbide bottom angled, and the institute being positioned on described the first side wall
The described heating plate stating heating plate and be positioned on described second sidewall is interspersed and jointly limits and is suitable to add material heating
The passage of heat, described in add the lower end of the passage of heat and connect with described calcium carbide reaction zone；Material inlet, described material inlet is located at described
Pyrolysis reaction region and be positioned at the top of described heating plate, described in add the upper end of the passage of heat and connect with described material inlet；Oxygenous
Body entrance, described oxygen-containing gas entrance is located at described calcium carbide reaction zone；Offgas outlet, described offgas outlet is located at described pyrolysis
Reaction zone；And calcium carbide outlet, the outlet of described calcium carbide is located at described calcium carbide reaction zone.Inventor finds, pyrolysis reaction region energy
Enough middle low order raw coal is carried out upgrading by pyrolytic reaction, meet calcium carbide production for the requirement of feed coal on the premise of, can
To reduce production cost, and the multiple heating plates being arranged in pyrolysis reaction region can improve the pyrolysis efficiency of pyrolysis reaction region with
And effect；Additionally, the calcium carbide reaction zone being positioned at bottom, pyrolysis reaction region can produce high temperature calcium carbide stove exhaust, and high temperature calcium carbide
Furnace exhaust gas by bottom to the ionized motion of furnace of calcium carbide, it is possible to mixed material is played the effect of reheating, reduces pyrolysis reaction region
Energy consumption.
According to embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned furnace of calcium carbide can also have a following additional technical feature:
According to embodiments of the invention, the width of described heating plate is described the first side wall or the width of described second sidewall
50～90%.Thus, it is possible to make heating plate have suitable area, during making middle low-order coal drop from top to bottom, it is possible to
Sufficiently contact with heating plate, such that it is able to improve efficiency and the effect utilizing low-order coal in heater plate.
According to embodiments of the invention, the heating plate on described the first side wall is arranged in parallel.Thus, it is possible to conveniently arrange oil gas
Derive pipeline.
According to embodiments of the invention, the heating plate on described second sidewall is arranged in parallel.Thus, it is possible to conveniently arrange oil gas
Derive pipeline.
According to embodiments of the invention, the projection in the horizontal plane of the heating plate on described the first side wall overlaps.Thus, it is possible to
Make the multiple heating plates being arranged on the first side wall have identical area and set-up mode, be conducive to unified by arranging
Technical parameter completes the mass of heating plate and arranges, and can ensure that material in dropping process can fully and contact heater plate,
Improve efficiency and the effect utilizing low-order coal in heater plate.
According to embodiments of the invention, the projection in the horizontal plane of the heating plate on described second sidewall overlaps.Thus, it is possible to
Make the multiple heating plates being arranged on the second sidewall have identical area and set-up mode, be conducive to unified by arranging
Technical parameter completes the mass of heating plate and arranges, and can ensure that material in dropping process can fully and contact heater plate,
Improve efficiency and the effect utilizing low-order coal in heater plate.
According to embodiments of the invention, described heating plate is 5～60 degree with the angle of horizontal plane.Thus, it is simple to mixed material from
Tumble in heating plate and move downward.
According to embodiments of the invention, described heating plate is electric boiling plate, gas heating plate or fuel Heating plate.Thus, may be used
To further expand the kind of heating plate, it is simple to those skilled in the art, according to the actual conditions produced, select within the above range
Select suitable heating plate.
In a second aspect of the present invention, the method that the present invention proposes to utilize previously described furnace of calcium carbide to prepare calcium carbide.According to this
Bright embodiment, the method includes: (1) will be entered by described material containing the mixed material of middle low order raw coal and calcium based raw material
In mouth supply extremely described pyrolysis reaction region, in order to make described middle low order raw coal contact described heating plate and lead to through described heating
Road generation pyrolytic reaction, obtains the thermal decomposition product containing semicoke solid and the tail gas containing pyrolysis oil；(2) by oxygen-containing gas
By the supply of described oxygen-containing gas entrance to described calcium carbide reaction zone so that the part described semicoke solid in described thermal decomposition product
At described calcium carbide reaction zone generation imperfect combustion, in order to make described semicoke solid react with described calcium based raw material, obtain
Obtain calcium carbide.Thus, the method preparing calcium carbide according to embodiments of the present invention can be using middle low order raw coal as preparing the former of calcium carbide
Material, and heat can be made full use of such that it is able to significantly reducing production cost, additionally gained calcium carbide has higher quality.
According to embodiments of the invention, in step (1), the temperature of described thermal decomposition product is 800～1000 degrees Celsius.By
This, in order to make thermal decomposition product reach the energy that calcium carbide reaction temperature needs to provide in step after can saving, and then can save
The amount of carbonaceous material burning in subsequent step.
According to embodiments of the invention, in step (1), described middle low order raw coal is low order raw coal in powdery.Thus, may be used
To save the production cost utilizing the method to prepare calcium carbide.
According to embodiments of the invention, described in described mixed material, the mass ratio of middle low order raw coal and described calcium based raw material is
(2～6): 1, wherein, in described middle low order raw coal, fixed carbon content is 40～60wt%, and in described calcium based raw material, calcium oxide contains
Amount is 50～95wt%.
According to embodiments of the invention, in step (2), the temperature of described calcium carbide reaction is 2000～2200 degrees Celsius.By
This, can more efficiently occur calcium carbide to react, and improves the production efficiency utilizing the method to prepare calcium carbide.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will part be given in the following description, and part will become bright from the following description
Aobvious, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or the additional aspect of the present invention and advantage the accompanying drawings below description to embodiment will be apparent from from combining and
Easy to understand, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows furnace of calcium carbide structural representation according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 shows heating plate and horizontal direction angle schematic diagram in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 shows the furnace of calcium carbide structural representation according to another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 shows the furnace of calcium carbide structural representation according to another embodiment of the present invention；And
Fig. 5 shows the flow chart preparing calcium carbide method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, and the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, the most identical
Or similar label represents same or similar element or has the element of same or like function.Retouch below with reference to accompanying drawing
The embodiment stated is exemplary, it is intended to is used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In describing the invention, it is to be understood that term " on ", D score, " in " etc. instruction orientation or position close
System, for based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplification describes rather than instruction
Hint indication device or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, be not understood that
For limitation of the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " is connected " and should be interpreted broadly, for example, it is possible to
It is to be mechanically connected, it is also possible to be electrical connection；Can be to be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, Ke Yishi
The connection of two element internals or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise clear and definite restriction.General for this area
For logical technical staff, above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score permissible
It is that the first and second features directly contact, or the first and second features are by intermediary mediate contact.And, fisrt feature
Second feature " top " can be fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper, or be merely representative of fisrt feature water
Flat height is higher than second feature.
In a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of furnace of calcium carbide.According to embodiments of the invention, see Fig. 1,
This furnace of calcium carbide includes: pyrolysis reaction region 100；Calcium carbide reaction zone 200；Multiple heating plates 110；Add the passage of heat 120；Material
Entrance 300；Oxygen-containing gas entrance 400；Offgas outlet 500；And calcium carbide outlet 600.Specifically, pyrolysis reaction region 100
And calcium carbide reaction zone 200 is positioned in this furnace of calcium carbide from top to down.Multiple heating plates 110 are arranged on pyrolysis reaction region 200
In, the part in multiple heating plates 110 is arranged on the first side wall 700 of furnace of calcium carbide, and another part is arranged on and first
On the second sidewall 800 that sidewall 700 is relative.The heating plate 110 being positioned on the first side wall 700 be positioned at the second sidewall 800
On heating plate 110 be interspersed and jointly limit and be suitable to material heating is added the passage of heat 120, add in the passage of heat 120
End connects with material inlet 300, and lower end connects with calcium carbide reaction zone 200.Material inlet 300 is positioned at pyrolysis reaction region 100
Position above middle heating plate 110, offgas outlet 500 is positioned at pyrolysis reaction region, and oxygen-containing gas entrance 400 and calcium carbide go out
Mouth 600 is positioned at calcium carbide reaction zone 200.This furnace of calcium carbide using middle low order raw coal as raw material, and can utilize heating plate
110 efficiency improving pyrolytic reaction in pyrolysis reaction region 100 and effects, make full use of heat, and then it can be avoided that in order to
The carbonaceous material overfire obtaining enough heats and cause such that it is able to significantly reduce production cost, additionally be able to effectively subtract
Ash content in few gained calcium carbide, therefore gained calcium carbide has higher quality.
Below the various piece in this furnace of calcium carbide is described in detail:
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, in the vertical direction, pyrolysis reaction region 100 is positioned at the upper of calcium carbide reaction zone 200
Side.Material inlet 300 can be located on pyrolysis reaction region 100, and it is low in containing to be suitable to supply in pyrolysis reaction region 100
Rank raw coal and the mixed material of calcium based raw material.Specifically, material inlet 300 can be located at the top of pyrolysis reaction region 100.
After material containing carbon raw material and calcium based raw material is supplied to furnace of calcium carbide by material inlet 300, first pass around pyrolytic reaction
District.Mixed material, through pyrolytic reaction, generates the thermal decomposition product containing semicoke solid and the tail gas containing pyrolysis oil.Thus,
By there is pyrolytic reaction, carbon raw material can be carried out upgrading, mixed material can be entered by pyrolytic reaction liberated heat simultaneously
Row heating, and then the quality of carbon raw material before above-mentioned material falls to calcium carbide reaction zone, can be improved, and through overheated
The sensible heat solving the material that reaction zone 100 processes can reduce the energy that calcium carbide reaction zone 200 needs to provide.Contain additionally, above-mentioned
The tail gas having pyrolysis gas and tar can also be processed by follow-up refrigerated separation, it is thus achieved that containing the combustibility such as carbon monoxide, methane
The tail gas of gas and tar, and then the industrial efficiency of this furnace of calcium carbide can be improved.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, with reference to Fig. 1, the part in multiple heating plates 110 is arranged on the of furnace of calcium carbide
On one sidewall 700, another part is arranged on the second sidewall 800 relative with the first side wall 700.Heating plate 110 is by electricity
The sidewall of stone stove extends towards furnace of calcium carbide inner horizontal and arranges towards furnace of calcium carbide bottom angled.It is positioned on the first side wall 700
Heating plate 110 is interspersed with the heating plate 110 being arranged on the second sidewall 800 and jointly limits and is suitable to heat material
Add the passage of heat 120, the lower end adding the passage of heat 120 connects with calcium carbide reaction zone 200.
It should be noted that with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the heating plate 110 being positioned on the first side wall 700 be arranged at second
Heating plate 110 on sidewall 800 is interspersed it is to be understood that in vertical direction, adjacent two pieces of heating plates 110 points
Not being arranged on the first side wall 700 and the second sidewall 800, two pieces of the most adjacent heating plates 110 are arranged on different sidewalls
On.Further, with reference to Fig. 4, from the point of view of the longitudinal section of furnace of calcium carbide, along be arranged on furnace of calcium carbide side sidewall (the i.e. second sidewall 800,
Not shown in figure) on heating plate 110B1 bottom minimum point B1 at do vertical extension line, this vertical extension line and with heating
Heating plate 110A1 adjacent for plate 110B1 intersect (heating plate 110A1 is arranged on the sidewall of furnace of calcium carbide opposite side, i.e. first
Sidewall 700, not shown in figure)；Similarly, doing vertical extension line along heating plate 110A1 bottom minimum point A1, this is vertical
Extended line and heating plate 110B2 adjacent with heating plate 110A1 intersect that (heating plate 110B2 is arranged on furnace of calcium carbide opposite side
On sidewall, the i.e. second sidewall 800, not shown in figure).In other words, the heating plate 110 being arranged on the first side wall 700
Overlap with the heating plate 110 being arranged on the second sidewall 800 projection section in the horizontal direction, and two adjacent heating
Plate 110 is respectively provided on the sidewall that pyrolysis reaction region is relative.Thereby, it is possible to ensure that above-mentioned multiple heating plate 110 is limited
The passage of heat 120 that adds there is enough length, and mixed material is along adding during the passage of heat 120 falls, it is possible to the greatest extent
Possible many contacting with heating plate 110, utilizes the above-mentioned heating plate 110 heating effect to mixed material such that it is able to improve.
Concrete, with reference to Fig. 1, material inlet 300 supply the mixed material to this furnace of calcium carbide, along adding the passage of heat 120
During dropping from top to bottom, first touch the downward-sloping heating plate 110 being arranged on the first side wall 700, quilt
Heating plate 110 heats and tumbles downwards along this heating plate 110, subsequently along add the passage of heat 120 fall with on the second sidewall
In heating plate 110, along Fig. 1, continue to drop downwards in the direction of arrow, after sequentially passing through the heating of multiple heating plate 110, by
The lower end adding the passage of heat 120 enters calcium carbide reaction zone 200.Thus, by arranging heating plate, can be to the thing being in contact with it
Material fully heating, thus the pyrolysis efficiency of low-order coal in being possible not only to improve, and material can be played and be fully warmed-up, from
And reduce energy consumption in calcium carbide reaction zone while reducing calcium carbide reaction production cost.
It should be noted that the arrangement mode that above-mentioned multiple heating plate 110 is on the sidewall of pyrolysis reaction region 100 is not by especially
Limit, reasonably add the passage of heat 120, to the mixing tumbled from top to bottom as long as can be limited by multiple heating plates 110
Material heats the most effectively.
Specifically, can be 5～60 degree according to embodiments of the invention, heating plate 110 with the angle of horizontal plane with reference to Fig. 2.
Thus, it is possible not only to ensure that material has enough time of staying on hot plate, and is easy to mixed material from heating plate
Freely tumble and move downwardly in next stage heating plate.
According to embodiments of the invention, in order to improve further the efficiency that utilizes heating plate 110 that mixed material is heated with
And effect, the width of heating plate 110 can be the 50～90% of the width of the first side wall 700 or the second sidewall 800.That is to say
Saying, the width of the heating plate 110 being arranged on the first side wall 700 can be the 50～90% of the first side wall 700 width, arranges
The width of the heating plate on the second sidewall 800 can be the 50～90% of the second sidewall 800 width.Thus, it is possible to ensure to set
The multiple heating plates 110 put on the first side wall 700 or the second sidewall 800 have enough heating surface (area) (HSs, and can protect
Card is entered the mixed material within furnace of calcium carbide by material inlet 300 and can touch above-mentioned multiple heating plate in dropping process,
Such that it is able to the pyrolysis efficiency of low-order coal in Ti Gaoing.
According to embodiments of the invention, with reference to Fig. 3, the multiple heating plates 110 on the first side wall 700 are arranged in parallel.Optionally
Ground, the multiple heating plates 110 on the second sidewall 800 can also be arranged in parallel.Thus, it is possible to conveniently arrange oil gas delivery line
Road.
According to embodiments of the invention, the projection in the horizontal plane of the multiple heating plates 110 on the first side wall 700 overlaps.Appoint
Selection of land, the projection in the horizontal plane of the multiple heating plates 110 on the second sidewall 800 can also overlap.Thus, it is possible to enter one
Step conveniently arranges oil gas and derives pipeline.
It should be noted that previously described heating plate according to embodiments of the present invention, it is to limit conjunction in furnace of calcium carbide
That manages adds the passage of heat 120, and utilizes multiple heating plate, carries out the mixed material in supply to pyrolysis reaction region 100 effectively
Heating.On the premise of not paying creative work, those skilled in the art can be according to actual conditions, to according to this
The concrete mode that the heating plate of bright embodiment is arranged improves.Such as, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, it is arranged on
Multiple heating plates 110 on one sidewall 700 can have identical volume, and in the provisioning process, is arranged on the first side
Multiple heating plates 110 on wall 700 can be parallel to each other, and the most multiple heating plates 110 are towards the angle of furnace of calcium carbide bottom angled
Unanimously.Thus, be conducive to reserving the space of rule in furnace of calcium carbide, it is simple to the setting of miscellaneous part in furnace of calcium carbide.Can
Being understood by, the multiple heating plates 110 being arranged on the second sidewall 800 can also have identical volume and identical court
Angle to furnace of calcium carbide bottom angled.According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, be arranged within furnace of calcium carbide whole adds
Hot plate 110 can have identical volume, and above-mentioned multiple heating plate 110 is to the angle (heating plate of furnace of calcium carbide bottom angled
With the acute angle in the angle formed at the bottom of furnace of calcium carbide) identical.
Specifically, heating plate 110 can be electric boiling plate, gas heating plate or fuel Heating plate.Those skilled in the art can
According to the actual conditions produced, to select suitable heating plate that material is heated successively within the above range, in order at thing
By contacting with heating plate 110 during material whereabouts, material is heated so that the carbon raw material in material is pyrolyzed
Reaction.Thus, while improving the quality of carbon, material can be heated by pyrolytic reaction, and then after can saving
The energy that continuous calcium carbide reaction zone 200 consumes.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, calcium carbide reaction zone 200 is arranged on pyrolysis instead
Answer the lower section in district 100, for the thermal decomposition product through pyrolysis reaction region 100 is processed, in order to occur calcium carbide to generate anti-
Should.Specifically, in calcium carbide reaction zone 200, it is provided with oxygen-containing gas entrance 400, in calcium carbide reaction zone 200
Supply oxygen-containing gas.Owing to thermal decomposition product has certain temperature, therefore when being passed through oxygen-containing gas in calcium carbide reaction zone 200
Time, the carbon raw material in thermal decomposition product can occur imperfect combustion, and combustion heat release can be to the residue in calcium carbide reaction zone 200
Thermal decomposition product heats, in order to the temperature of thermal decomposition product is promoted to temperature that calcium carbide can be occurred to react further, now
In thermal decomposition product, remaining carbon raw material and calcium based raw material generation calcium carbide reaction of formation, generate liquid calcium carbide and calcium carbide tail gas.
Calcium carbide by be arranged on calcium carbide reaction zone 200 calcium carbide export 600 discharge furnaces of calcium carbide, calcium carbide tail gas in furnace of calcium carbide from bottom to top
Motion, is discharged furnace of calcium carbide by the offgas outlet 500 being arranged on the sidewall of pyrolysis reaction region 100.Meanwhile, calcium carbide tail gas is at electricity
In stone stove during motion from bottom to top, additionally it is possible to the mixed material in pyrolysis reaction region 100 is heated again, enters
And the sensible heat contained in calcium carbide tail gas can be recycled.
In sum, furnace of calcium carbide according to embodiments of the present invention will be pyrolyzed method hot with oxygen and be combined, and first pass through pyrolysis reaction region 100
Carbon raw material in mixed material is carried out upgrading, mixed material along adding during the passage of heat 120 tumbles from top to bottom,
Pyrolysis reaction region 100 is fallen be inclined in first heating plate 110 of side sidewall and heat, roll downwards
Fall, fall in second heating plate 110 adjacent thereto, that be arranged on opposite side sidewall, and then can be step by step to mixed
Compound material heats, and then can improve the heating plate 110 heating effect for mixed material.And the pyrolysis gas generated
And the calcium carbide tail gas that bottom, pyrolysis reaction region calcium carbide reaction zone generates moves, from bottom to up such that it is able to enter thermal decomposition product
Row heating further such that it is able to obtain the thermal decomposition product containing semicoke solid with uniform temperature, can obtain simultaneously and contain
There is the tail gas of pyrolysis gas and tar.This thermal decomposition product occurs calcium carbide to react in calcium carbide reaction zone, in order to obtain calcium carbide product.
Thus, it is possible to save to the temperature of thermal decomposition product be risen to the carbon containing thing that can occur to burn required for calcium carbide reaction of formation
The amount of material, and then the waste of carbonaceous material can be avoided, the ash content in calcium carbide product can be reduced simultaneously, improve calcium carbide product
Quality.Additionally, this furnace of calcium carbide can carry out upgrading first with pyrolysis reaction region 100 to carbon raw material, thus reduce profit
For the requirement of carbon raw material when producing with this furnace of calcium carbide, and then production cost can be reduced.Such as, according to the present invention
Embodiment, utilize above-mentioned furnace of calcium carbide to carry out calcium carbide when preparing, low order raw coal and the mixing of calcium based raw material in powdery can be used
Material is as raw material, and the mass ratio of middle low order raw coal and calcium based raw material can be (2～6): 1, and wherein, wherein, middle low order is former
In coal, fixed carbon content is 40～60%, and in calcium based raw material, calcium oxide content is 50～95wt%.At pyrolysis reaction region 100
The temperature of the thermal decomposition product of reason can reach 800～1000 degrees Celsius, and thermal decomposition product occurs calcium carbide raw in calcium carbide reaction zone 200
Producing reaction and generate calcium carbide and calcium carbide tail gas, the temperature of calcium carbide reaction can be 2000～2200 degrees Celsius.Generally speaking, should
Furnace of calcium carbide has the advantage that
1, hot to pyrolysis and oxygen method technique is combined, in a set of equipment, realize calcium carbide produce, produce equipment simple, be conducive to
Reduce production cost.
2, powder raw material is used to substitute block stock, it is possible to effectively contact area to be significantly increased between raw material, accelerates between material
Heat transfer, mass transfer velocity, beneficially calcium carbide reaction is carried out.
3, low order fine coal substitute for coke or semi-coke in using, be greatly reduced cost of material, obtains high attached in pyrolysis reaction region simultaneously
Value added containing pyrolysis gas and the tail gas of tar, improve process economy.
4, utilize multiple heating plate that mixed material is progressively heated, improve the efficiency of heating surface.
5, make full use of pyrolysis solid product and pyrolysis gas, calcium carbide tail gas sensible heat, improve process energy utilization ratio, subtract simultaneously
Few calcium carbide reaction zone carbon raw material imperfect combustion amount, effectively promotes oxygen hot method calcium carbide quality.
In a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes the method utilizing previously described furnace of calcium carbide to prepare calcium carbide.According to this
Inventive embodiment, with reference to Fig. 5, the method includes:
S100: pyrolytic reaction
According to embodiments of the invention, in this step, thing will be passed through containing the mixed material of middle low order raw coal and calcium based raw material
Material entrance supplies to pyrolysis reaction region, in order to makes middle low order raw coal contact heating plate and occurs pyrolysis instead through adding the passage of heat
Should, obtain the thermal decomposition product containing semicoke solid and the tail gas containing pyrolysis oil.According to embodiments of the invention, in this step
In Zhou, being provided with multiple heating plate in pyrolysis reaction region, multiple heating plates limit and add the passage of heat, and mixed material is logical along heating
Road tumble from top to bottom and with above-mentioned multiple contact heater plate, utilize above-mentioned heating plate, it is possible to effectively mixed material is carried out
Heating, makes the middle low order raw coal generation pyrolytic reaction in mixed material.About the kind of multiple heating plates and set-up mode
Through in description in detail made above, not repeating them here.The above-mentioned tail gas containing pyrolysis oil can be discharged by offgas outlet
Furnace of calcium carbide, in order to processed by follow-up refrigerated separation, it is thus achieved that tail gas containing the imflammable gas such as carbon monoxide, methane and
Tar, and then the industrial efficiency of this furnace of calcium carbide can be improved.Inventor finds, by low order raw coal in using as preparation electricity
The carbon back raw material of stone, there is pyrolytic reaction in this carbon back raw material pyrolysis reaction region in pretreatment unit, obtain semicoke solid with
And the tail gas of high added value, then this semicoke solid participates in follow-up reaction again, such that it is able to significantly reduce cost of material.
According to embodiments of the invention, middle low order raw coal is low order raw coal in powdery.Thus, it is possible to it is former to dramatically increase middle low order
Contact area between coal and calcium based raw material, enhances between raw material the effects such as heat transfer, mass transfer, can not only improve pyrolysis anti-
The reaction rate answered, additionally it is possible to promote the carrying out that follow-up calcium carbide reacts.Temperature through the thermal decomposition product of pyrolytic reaction generation is
800～1000 degrees Celsius.Pyrolytic reaction is there is in middle low order raw coal and calcium based raw material mixture in the pyrolysis reaction region on furnace of calcium carbide top,
Material temperature can be increased to 800 degrees centigrade, and bottom calcium carbide produces produced high temperature calcium carbide tail gas from lower simultaneously
Upper motion, it is possible to heat thermal decomposition product further, is warming up to 1000 degrees centigrade.It should be noted that in this step
In Zhou, in mixed material, middle low order raw coal and the particular make-up of calcium based raw material and content are not particularly limited, such as, and calcium base
Raw material can be lime, lime stone, white lime or carbide slag, it is also possible to is the mixture of above-mentioned substance.Such as, according to
Embodiments of the invention, in mixed material, the mass ratio of middle low order raw coal and calcium based raw material can be (2～6): 1, wherein, in
In low order raw coal, fixed carbon content is 40～60wt%, and in calcium based raw material, calcium oxide content is 50～95wt%.Thus, it is possible to keep away
Exempt from carbonaceous material or calcic material is incorrect due to ratio and the material waste that causes and reaction not exclusively.
S200: calcium carbide reacts
According to embodiments of the invention, in this step, oxygen-containing gas is supplied to calcium carbide reaction zone by oxygen-containing gas entrance,
Make the part semicoke solid in thermal decomposition product at calcium carbide reaction zone generation imperfect combustion, in order to make another of semicoke solid
Part is reacted with calcium based raw material generation calcium carbide, it is thus achieved that calcium carbide.
Specifically, in this step, oxygen-containing gas is supplied to calcium carbide reaction zone by oxygen-containing gas entrance, in order to make heat
Part semicoke solid generation imperfect combustion in hydrolysis products, releases heat, continues delayed heat hydrolysis products to be heated to sending out
The temperature of raw calcium carbide reaction, and then occur calcium carbide to produce reaction, it is thus achieved that calcium carbide product discharged this furnace of calcium carbide by calcium carbide outlet.
According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature of calcium carbide reaction can be 2000～2200 degrees Celsius.It should be noted that it is oxygenous
The particular make-up of body and the amount being passed through are not particularly limited, those skilled in the art can according to the concrete condition of thermal decomposition product,
The above-mentioned parameter of oxygen-containing gas is adjusted.As long as the oxygen-containing gas being passed through calcium carbide reaction zone can make a part of semicoke solid
Occur imperfect combustion, burning liberated heat delayed heat hydrolysis products can be heated to 2000～2200 degrees Celsius.Example
As, according to embodiments of the invention, oxygen-containing gas can be purity oxygen, oxygen-enriched air, air or previously obtained containing
The tail gas of imflammable gas.Additionally, calcium carbide reaction is while generating calcium carbide, also produce high temperature calcium carbide tail gas.This high-temperature electric
Stone tail gas moves in furnace of calcium carbide from bottom to top, and then can heat delayed heat hydrolysis products further, such that it is able to joint
Save the amount of the semicoke solid of burning, in order to conservation, reduce ash content simultaneously and generate, improve calcium carbide quality.Additionally, calcium carbide
Tail gas can also be pointed to the mixed material of pyrolysis reaction region during moving upward and heat further, finally by tail
This furnace of calcium carbide is discharged in gas outlet.Thus, it is possible to the sensible heat in calcium carbide tail gas is recycled fully, and calcium carbide tail
Gas can also be used for other chemical processes through subsequent treatment as reducibility gas or imflammable gas.Need explanation
Being above-mentioned to be equally applicable to this method preparing calcium carbide for the feature and advantage described by furnace of calcium carbide, here is omitted.
In sum, this method preparing calcium carbide has the advantage that
1, hot to pyrolysis and oxygen method technique is combined, in a set of equipment, realize calcium carbide produce, produce equipment simple, be conducive to
Reduce production cost.
2, powder raw material is used to substitute block stock, it is possible to effectively contact area to be significantly increased between raw material, accelerates between material
Heat transfer, mass transfer velocity, beneficially calcium carbide reaction is carried out.
3, low order fine coal substitute for coke or semi-coke in using, be greatly reduced cost of material, obtains high attached in pyrolysis reaction region simultaneously
Value added containing pyrolysis gas and the tail gas of tar, improve process economy.
4, utilize multiple heating plate that mixed material is progressively heated, improve the efficiency of heating surface.
5, make full use of pyrolysis solid product and pyrolysis gas, calcium carbide tail gas sensible heat, improve process energy utilization ratio, subtract simultaneously
Few calcium carbide reaction zone carbon raw material imperfect combustion amount, effectively promotes oxygen hot method calcium carbide quality.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the solution of the present invention is explained.It will be understood to those of skill in the art that following enforcement
Example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.Unreceipted concrete technology or condition in embodiment,
According to the technology described by the document in this area or condition or carry out according to product description.Agents useful for same or instrument are not noted
Bright production firm person, be can by city available from conventional products.
Embodiment 1
Being provided with 15 groups of electric boiling plates in furnace of calcium carbide, heating plate is relative to ground inclination 15 degree, heating plate maximum operating temperature
It it is 1000 degrees Celsius.
Carbon back raw material: in certain as a example by low order raw coal, its main character is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 carbon back raw material main character
| Project | Unit | Numerical value | Remarks |
| Quan Shui | Wt% | 13.7 | As-received |
| Fixed carbon | Wt% | 54.1 | Butt |
| Volatile matter | Wt% | 39.4 | Butt |
| Ash content | Wt% | 6.5 | Butt |
Calcium based raw material: can be one of lime, lime stone, white lime or carbide slag or mixture, enter furnace of calcium carbide in this embodiment
Calcium-based material is the lime of CaO content 92.4%.
Raw material granularity: 0.6mm.
Carbon back raw material is sent in furnace of calcium carbide after mixing with calcium based raw material, carbon back raw material: calcium based raw material=4～6:1 (mass ratio),
After material is via throat-fed, dropping down onto in the heating plate of the tilted layout of stove, heater plate surface temperature is about 800 degrees Celsius,
Material drops down onto lower floor's heating plate along heating plate incline direction, and in material running, temperature of charge is quickly ramped up to 800 and takes the photograph
There is pyrolytic reaction, the raw gas of reaction output and the calcium carbide tail gas of bottom output about family name's degree, top offgas outlet discharge,
After cooled, purified treatment, it is thus achieved that the artificial petroleum of high added value and artificial natural gas, high-temperature gas (high-temperature hot vent one's spleen and
Calcium carbide tail gas) inversely through material, it is possible to preheating and heated material, reduce pyrolysis energy consumption, the solid material of high temperature falls to
Calcium carbide produces section.Reaching 850 degrees Celsius via the solid material temperature of pyrolysis section output, be passed through pure oxygen in calcium carbide section, part contains
Carbon material imperfect combustion, is increased to 2000 degrees centigrade, reaction solution state calcium carbide, melted calcium carbide by temperature of charge
Discharge from furnace bottom, broken after cooling.Containing calcium carbide 78.93% in product calcium carbide, gas forming amount 293.8L/kg.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " tool
Body example " or the description of " some examples " etc. means to combine this embodiment or example describes specific features, structure, material
Material or feature are contained at least one embodiment or the example of the present invention.In this manual, the signal to above-mentioned term
Property statement be necessarily directed to identical embodiment or example.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or spy
Point can be to combine in one or more embodiments in office or example in an appropriate manner.Additionally, in the case of the most conflicting,
Those skilled in the art can be by the different embodiments described in this specification or example and different embodiment or the spy of example
Levy and be combined and combine.
Although above it has been shown and described that embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is exemplary,
Being not considered as limiting the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-described embodiment
It is changed, revises, replaces and modification.
Claims (10)
1. a furnace of calcium carbide, it is characterised in that including:
Top-down pyrolysis reaction region and calcium carbide reaction zone；
Multiple heating plates, the plurality of heating plate is arranged on the part in described pyrolysis reaction region, in the plurality of heating plate
Being arranged on the first side wall of described furnace of calcium carbide, the another part in the plurality of heating plate is arranged on and described the first side wall phase
To the second sidewall on, described heating plate by the sidewall of described furnace of calcium carbide towards described furnace of calcium carbide inner horizontal extend and towards institute
State furnace of calcium carbide bottom angled arrange, and the described heating plate being positioned on described the first side wall be positioned on described second sidewall
Described heating plate is interspersed and jointly limits and is suitable to material heating is added the passage of heat, described in add lower end and the institute of the passage of heat
State the connection of calcium carbide reaction zone；
Material inlet, described material inlet is located at described pyrolysis reaction region and is positioned at the top of described heating plate, and described heating is led to
The upper end in road connects with described material inlet；
Oxygen-containing gas entrance, described oxygen-containing gas entrance is located at described calcium carbide reaction zone；
Offgas outlet, described offgas outlet is located at described pyrolysis reaction region；And
Calcium carbide exports, and the outlet of described calcium carbide is located at described calcium carbide reaction zone.
Furnace of calcium carbide the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the width of described heating plate be described the first side wall or
The 50～90% of the width of described second sidewall.
Furnace of calcium carbide the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the heating plate on described the first side wall is arranged in parallel,
Optional, the heating plate on described second sidewall is arranged in parallel.
4. according to the furnace of calcium carbide described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that the heating plate on described the first side wall exists
Projection on horizontal plane overlaps,
Optional, the projection in the horizontal plane of heating plate on described second sidewall overlaps.
Furnace of calcium carbide the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described heating plate is 5～60 with the angle of horizontal plane
Degree.
6. according to the furnace of calcium carbide described in any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that described heating plate is electric boiling plate, combustion
Gas heating plate or fuel Heating plate.
7. the method that calcium carbide prepared by the furnace of calcium carbide used described in any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that including:
(1) by the mixed material containing middle low order raw coal and calcium based raw material by described material inlet supply extremely described pyrolytic reaction
Qu Zhong, in order to described middle low order raw coal is contacted described in described heating plate process and adds passage of heat generation pyrolytic reaction, obtain
Thermal decomposition product containing semicoke solid and the tail gas containing pyrolysis oil；
(2) by oxygen-containing gas by described oxygen-containing gas entrance supply extremely described calcium carbide reaction zone so that in described thermal decomposition product
Part described semicoke solid at described calcium carbide reaction zone generation imperfect combustion, in order to make described semicoke solid and described calcium
Based raw material reacts, it is thus achieved that calcium carbide.
Method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in step (1), the temperature of described thermal decomposition product
It it is 800～1000 degrees Celsius.
Method the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that in step (1), described middle low order raw coal is powder
Low order raw coal in shape.
Method the most according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that low order raw coal in described in described mixed material
Being (2～6) with the mass ratio of described calcium based raw material: 1, wherein, in described middle low order raw coal, fixed carbon content is 40～60wt%,
In described calcium based raw material, calcium oxide content is 50～95wt%.
Optional, it is characterised in that in step (2), the temperature of described reaction is 2000～2200 degrees Celsius.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109226229A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-01-18 | 无锡飞述科技有限公司 | A kind of prosthetic device suitable for organic pollution of soil |
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| CN105883809B (en) | 2018-04-10 |
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