CN105877692A - Laser-induced fluorescence spectrum colposcope - Google Patents
Laser-induced fluorescence spectrum colposcope Download PDFInfo
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- CN105877692A CN105877692A CN201610385183.2A CN201610385183A CN105877692A CN 105877692 A CN105877692 A CN 105877692A CN 201610385183 A CN201610385183 A CN 201610385183A CN 105877692 A CN105877692 A CN 105877692A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
- A61B1/043—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances for fluorescence imaging
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
- A61B1/05—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances characterised by the image sensor, e.g. camera, being in the distal end portion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
- A61B1/0676—Endoscope light sources at distal tip of an endoscope
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/303—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the vagina, i.e. vaginoscopes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0071—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence by measuring fluorescence emission
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0082—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes
- A61B5/0084—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters
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- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a laser-induced fluorescence spectrum colposcope. Laser is used as a light source for inducing fluorescence, a laser scanning assembly is controlled to scan the cervical tissue portion point by point, an excited fluorescence spectrum is detected synchronously, correlation between a point-by-point obtained spectrum and a lesion portion characteristic spectrum is analyzed to calculate point-by-point lesion indexes, and then a lesion index distribution diagram is generated. The colposcope can assist medical workers to complete the detection process by additionally arranging a lighting light source, an image sensor and the like. Light beam combination is achieved through a light path beam combining assembly in a laser scanning assembly, a spectrum collecting assembly and the lighting light source and the image sensor, and light is connected with the lesion portion through a location cannula. The characteristics of high brightness, monochromaticity and good directivity of laser are used, faculae irradiated to the lesion portion is small in area, high in brightness and high in detection sensitivity, meanwhile, the laser-induced fluorescence specific spectrum can be excited, detection sensitivity and accuracy are greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to medical treatment detection device field, more particularly, to a kind of colposcopy measurement equipment using laser scanner excitation laser induced fluorescence and obtaining cervical tissue characteristic spectrum.
Background technology
Cervical cancer is the second largest common cancer of women, and the generation of cervical cancer is relevant with the infection of human papillomavirus (HPV), and some high-risk HPV infected patient, when persistent infection, is susceptible to precancerous lesion and cervical cancer.
Cervical cancer can be by one of prevention minority malignant tumor reducing M & M.The normal process of current diagnosis cervical cancer is to find suspicious lesions by colposcope, and suspicious lesions takes biopsy makes pathological section and make a definite diagnosis.Ordinary electronic colposcope is finding that the sensitivity of intraepithelial neoplasia, specificity are general, easily occurs failing to pinpoint a disease in diagnosis phenomenon, it is also possible to cause unnecessary cervical biopsy, bring injury to patient.
Spectroscopy technology is as a kind of Non-Invasive clinical diagnosis technology, it is identified and guiding pathological tissues biopsy to pathological changes by the spectral signature of tissue, it is greatly improved cervical lesions positive rates of biopsy, reduces rate of missed diagnosis, provide a kind of diagnostic method reliably for cervical lesions clinic.Light spectrum image-forming can have been broken away from common colposcope and fettered by doctor's clinical experience by spectrum is carried out computer objective analysis and limited.
The method of the fluorescent emission after detection laser irradiation sample is referred to as laser-induced fluorescence (LIF).Owing to laser has good directivity and monochromaticity, and the direction of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) is different from exciting light with wavelength, therefore highly sensitive compared with other laser spectrometry.Have been reported and can detect 100/cm3Following atom.And for most of molecules, then can reliably detect 106Individual/cm3Atom.By to laser frequency-modulation, the sufficiently complex bands of a spectrum of molecule therefore can be resolved with the original state of selective exitation transition and end of a period state.
Traditional fluorescence detection uses xenon lamp or LED as light source, and thermal losses power is big, and imaging effect is poor, and accuracy of detection is low.The present invention uses laser to carry out induced fluorescence as light source, carries out detection cervical lesions position point by point scanning and records the fluorescence spectrum of point-by-point excitation by focusing on.The information that spectrum comprises is more much greater than the quantity of information that general camera collection image comprises, and can be calculated pathological changes index accurately by spectrum analysis, thus generate the scattergram of pathological changes index.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provide a kind of can not damaged, accurate, highly sensitive cervical lesions detector, laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy colposcope, including: location intubates, light path closes tread assembly, laser scanning assembly, spectra collection assembly, lighting source, imageing sensor and control system.
Location intubates, and location intubates the hollow pipe for both ends open, is used for fixing the relative position of detector and patient's cervix uteri, and provides light path work space.
Light path closes tread assembly, and it is the hollow pipe of both ends open that light path closes tread assembly, includes multi-disc light combination mirror, and side is provided with multiple side opening, and one end that wherein one end of light path conjunction tread assembly intubates with location is connected；
Laser scanning assembly, laser scanning assembly closes tread assembly with light path and is connected, is used for diseased region is carried out point by point scanning.
Spectra collection assembly, spectra collection assembly closes tread assembly with light path and is connected, for high speed, high resolution spectrometer, works asynchronously with laser scanning assembly, the fluorescence spectrum information of Real-time Collection laser excitation.
Imageing sensor, imageing sensor closes tread assembly with light path and is connected, is used for gathering diseased region image, and assist operators observes；
Lighting source, lighting source closes tread assembly with light path and is connected, provides illumination for gathering diseased region image.
Control system, control system is connected with laser scanning assembly, spectra collection assembly, lighting source, imageing sensor, for controlling, coordinates working asynchronously of laser scanning assembly and spectra collection assembly, coordinates control lighting source and imageing sensor cooperating.
Further, laser scanning assembly comprises generating laser and optical scan vibration lens.The laser that generating laser produces, by after two lens reflectings of optical scan vibration lens, enters light path and closes tread assembly.
Further, control system changes the transmitting angle of laser by the angle controlling optical scan vibration lens, and then realizes the laser point by point scanning at diseased region.
Further, the laser that laser scanning assembly generates is focused on by the port of the other end that focus lamp intubates in location.
Further, a diameter of the 0.05～0.3mm of the hot spot that laser beam is formed at diseased region.
Further, light path conjunction tread assembly includes:
Light path closes tread assembly shell, it is that the tubular structure of both ends open, side are provided with multiple side opening that light path closes tread assembly shell, and one end that one end of light path conjunction tread assembly shell intubates with location is connected, the other end of light path conjunction tread assembly shell and side opening are respectively at being connected with laser scanning assembly, spectra collection assembly, lighting source, imageing sensor；The position relationship of each assembly is not completely fixed, the simply one of which that present example is enumerated, and reasonably changes each assembly and closes link position and the order of tread assembly in light path, the least to the influential effect of the present invention, all within protection scope of the present invention.As exchanged position, exchange lighting source and the position etc. of imageing sensor of spectra collection assembly and lighting source.
Light combination mirror, light combination mirror is arranged on light path and closes tread assembly enclosure, and the angle of light combination mirror and light path conjunction tread assembly shell side is 45 degree.The light combination mirror connecting Laser Scanning Equipment is to be totally reflected optical maser wavelength, the dichroic mirror of other wavelength total transmissivities.Connection spectrogrph, lighting source, the light combination mirror of imageing sensor are half anti-/ pellicle mirror.
Further, control system can generate degree or the pathological changes distribution density etc. of the pathological changes index of this point, i.e. this pathological changes by analyzing the spectrum that pointwise gathers.Thus generate the scattergram of pathological changes index, the diagnosis to pathological changes situation directly perceived, convenient.
Further, control system is connected with external data storage device, with the various detection information data storings during detecting in real time to external data storage device.
The present invention is by lesion portion point by point scanning, having the advantage that
Characteristics of lesion highlights, owing to laser focusing point is the least, diameter only has 0.05-0.3mm, in the small scope of laser focusing, fine pathological changes can also occupy bigger ratio and even be completely filled with, and compares and detects pathological changes on a large scale, and the feature of pathological changes can become apparent from, it is greatly reinforced the sensitivity of detection, it might even be possible to find cervical cancer pathological changes in early days.
The application of laser Induced Fluorescence Technology, utilize high brightness laser induced fluorescence specific spectra can highly sensitive discovery pathological changes, and distinguish the type of pathological changes accurately.
Accuracy of the present invention is high, can significantly improve the accuracy rate of biopsy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the colpomicroscopic structure chart of one laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe embodiments of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with diagram and embodiment, thereby the present invention how application technology means are solved technical problem and the technology effect of reaching realizes process, can fully understand and implement according to this.
Including that location intubates 1 with reference to Fig. 1 laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy colposcope according to embodiments of the present invention, light path closes tread assembly 2, laser scanning assembly 3, spectra collection assembly 4, lighting source 5, imageing sensor 6, control system 7.Location intubates one end of 1 and is connected with one end of light path conjunction tread assembly 2, and the side that laser scanning assembly 3 closes tread assembly 2 with light path is connected, spectra collection assembly 4, lighting source 5, and imageing sensor 6 closes the side of tread assembly 2 with light path respectively, rear end is connected.The diseased region image that control system 7 can obtain according to imageing sensor 3, controls laser scanning assembly and generates focusing laser beam flying diseased region, and control spectra collection assembly 4 carries out the pointwise synchronous acquisition of diseased region LASER Excited Fluorescence spectrum simultaneously.
It is the hollow pipe of both ends open that location intubates 1.This location intubates 1 for positioning the diseased region of patient, it is simple to diseased region carries out laser scanning, and location intubates the path being further defined by laser beam so that laser path is in location intubates limited range.For keeping detecting safely, preventing cross infection, this location intubates 1 for disposable medical apparatus.
Light path is closed tread assembly 2 and is included that light path closes tread assembly shell and light combination mirror.
Light path closes tread assembly shell, it is that the tubular structure of both ends open, side are provided with multiple side opening that light path closes tread assembly shell, and one end that one end of light path conjunction tread assembly shell intubates with location is connected, the other end and the side opening of light path conjunction tread assembly shell are connected with laser scanning assembly, spectra collection assembly, lighting source, imageing sensor respectively；
Light combination mirror, light combination mirror is arranged on light path and closes tread assembly enclosure, and the angle of light combination mirror and light path conjunction tread assembly shell side is 45 degree.The light combination mirror 201 connecting Laser Scanning Equipment is dichroic mirror, and optical maser wavelength is totally reflected by light combination mirror 201, and to other wavelength total transmissivity.Connection spectrogrph, lighting source, the light combination mirror 202,203 of imageing sensor are half anti-/ pellicle mirror.
First side opening that laser scanning assembly 3 closes tread assembly 2 with light path is connected, and is used for diseased region is carried out point by point scanning.First side opening is shorter relative to light path, and this unit is made up of laser generator and optical scanning control unit.Laser generator can produce the laser of certain single wavelength, and the project that the wavelength of laser can be detected by needs determines, such as 266nm, 360nm, 405nm, 532nm etc..Optical scanning control unit is optical scan vibration lens equipment, belongs to prior art.Optical scan vibration lens is can the mutually perpendicular two panels reflecting mirror of the programme-control anglec of rotation, the anglec of rotation of eyeglass is controlled by controlling size of current, realized the rotation of two mutually perpendicular directions by two panels reflecting mirror respectively, thus control laser beam freely projecting in the two-dimensional direction.Optical scan vibration lens technology has been applied to the fields such as laser marking, stage laser performance, laser 3D printing at present.
Second side opening that spectra collection assembly 4 closes tread assembly 2 with light path is connected (can also exchange) with the 3rd side opening or open rearward end, for high speed, high resolution spectrometer, work asynchronously with laser scanning assembly, the fluorescence spectrum information of Real-time Collection laser excitation.Spectra collection unit is high speed light spectrum detecting apparatus, can be with real-time collecting to current spectral information.Excited fluorescence reflexes to light spectrum detecting apparatus by light combination mirror, combining light imports optical fiber by focusing on, thus import the entrance of spectrogrph, it is then sent through diffraction grating, by the optical dispersion of different wave length and focus on CCD or the CMOS optical sensor unit of different angles, thus obtain fluorescence spectrum information efficiently.Belong to prior art.
Lighting source 5 provides visible light source, the collection of auxiliary image sensor for pickup area.In order to not affect the normal work of other unit, lighting source has following characteristics.1, use visible ray, facilitate operator to observe diseased region.2, the image of diseased region, reduction degree height are taken under white light.White light uses LED or redgreenblue Laser synthesizing white light, and LASER Light Source can be with the contrast of Enhanced Imaging.Lighting source is closed when 3, gathering fluorescence spectrum.
The image that imageing sensor 6 gets shows in real time on human-computer interaction interface, facilitates operator to observe.
Control system 7 controls laser scanner and carries out point by point scanning, reads the spectral information that spectra collection unit collects simultaneously, the corresponding corresponding scan position of each spectral information.Pointwise collects the characteristic spectrum of spectrum and diseased region and compares, and can calculate pathological changes index, thus generate pathological changes exponential figure.The analysis of fluorescence spectrum belongs to medical domain knowledge, has different analysis methods to different pathological changes and disease type.The present invention can adjust wavelength and the wave-length coverage of spectrogrph detection of laser for different analysis methods, provides abundant spectral information for spectroscopic diagnostics.The mode using spectrum analyzes the pathological changes mode than single pass RGB three primary colors imaging to analyze pathological changes, contain much information, accuracy high, it is ensured that the high sensitivity of spectrum analysis and low False Rate.
Simultaneously by laser scanning is analyzed to pointwise spectrum, classifies, and it is marked on corresponding coordinate according to the credibility of classification, forms the distributed image of pathological changes, the distribution of pathological changes and the order of severity of pathological changes can well be described.
Preferably, control system 7 is connected with external data storage device (not shown), in order in real time will during detection the information data storing that produces to external data storage device.The connected mode of control system 7 and external data storage device (not shown) can be wireless connections can also be wired connection.This detection information data can be the contents such as picture or the video of doctor's diseased region during the laser scanning kinematic parameter of setting, detection during detection, but heretofore described laser scanning kinematic parameter is not limited to this.Detection data are saved in External memory equipment, can be that case research provides help, and provide evidence for contingent doctor-patient dispute.
Work process illustrated below is as follows:
Location is intubated 1 insertion vaginal dilator and arrives at cervix uteri；Control system 7 controls lighting source 5, with imageing sensor 6, diseased region carries out imaging, and imaging data is sent to control system 7；Doctor confirms predetermined detection area by imaging, is preserved by cervix uteri image and starts laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection imaging.Control system 7 controls laser scanning assembly 3 and diseased region carries out point by point scanning, controls spectra collection assembly 4 simultaneously and the spectrum that point by point scanning position is corresponding is carried out synchronous acquisition.And its corresponding position of spectral information recording pointwise.Control system 7 or host computer calculate the pathological changes index of pointwise according to the spectral signature of diseased region, and synthesize pathological changes exponential figure.
One simple pathological changes Index for Calculation model is as follows, and this model is simple examples, and not representing this example is preferred version, can optimize this computation model by medical experiment.
Normal structure and cancerous issue spectral comparison, cancerous issue feature difference at 460nm with 630nm wavelength is bigger.At cancerous issue 460nm, peak value is obviously reduced, and has fluorescence spectrum peak value to occur at 630nm.
If Vi,jX () is the i-th row, the spectrum of jth column scan point is the observed value of x at wavelength.
To all collection points at the spectral value V of 460nmi,j(460nm) add up, and take maximum Vmax=MAX(Vi,j(460nm))。
To all collection points at the spectral value V of 630nmi,j(630nm) add up, and take minima Vmin=MIN(Vi,j(630nm))。
460nm can be calculated and contribute pathological changes index R1=(Vmax-Vi,j(460nm))/Vmax。
630nm can be calculated and contribute pathological changes index R2=(Vi,j(630nm)-Vmin)/Vi,j(630nm)。
Pathological changes index according to pointwise can generate pathological changes index image I, has
Ii,j=255*R1’*R2’。 Ii,jFor image I at the i-th row, the brightness of jth row, 0≤Ii,j<=255。
Wherein R1' be 460nm contribution pathological changes index correction index, R1'=MAX(0, MIN(1, R1 * k1)) k1K is taken for mapping index1=1.6。
Wherein R2' be 630nm contribution pathological changes index correction index, R2'=MAX(0, MIN(1, R2 * k2)) k2K is taken for mapping index2=2.5。
Finally it should be noted that, above example is only in order to describe technical scheme rather than to limit the technology of the present invention method, the present invention can extend to other amendment in application, change, applies and embodiment, and it is taken as that all such amendments, change, apply, embodiment is all in the range of the spirit or teaching of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the colpomicroscopic detection method of laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy, it is characterised in that comprise laser scanning assembly, spectra collection assembly, control system；Control system carries out point by point scanning by controlling laser scanning assembly to diseased region, controls spectra collection component synchronization simultaneously and gathers the detection for cervical lesions of the pointwise spectrum.
2. a laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy colposcope, it is characterised in that comprise laser scanning assembly, spectra collection assembly, control system；Control system carries out point by point scanning by controlling laser scanning assembly to diseased region, controls spectra collection component synchronization simultaneously and gathers the detection for cervical lesions of the pointwise spectrum.
Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy colposcope the most according to claim 2, characterized by further comprising light path and close tread assembly, light path is closed tread assembly and is connected with laser scanning assembly, spectra collection assembly, by light combination mirror, the light path of laser scanning assembly, spectra collection assembly being closed bundle, one end that light path closes tread assembly from light path imports cervix uteri.
Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy colposcope the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that also include that location intubates, the light path exit end that location intubates with light path conjunction tread assembly is connected, and provides work space for light path, light path imports cervix uteri, and plays fixation.
5., according to the laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy colposcope described in any one of claim 2-4, it is characterised in that also include lighting source and imageing sensor, it is used for assisting doctor that detection position is positioned.
6. according to the laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy colposcope described in any one of claim 2-5, it is characterized in that, control system comprises spectrum analysis and pathological changes index image systematic function, by pointwise being gathered the comparing calculation pathological changes index of spectrum and characteristic spectrum, generate the pathological changes exponential image in detection region.
7. according to the laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy colposcope described in claim 2-6, it is characterised in that also include remote supervision system, it is possible to by expert's remote reviewing and assist detection process, it is ensured that the reasonability of detection process.
8. according to the laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy colposcope described in claim 2-6, it is characterised in that also include RIMS, it is possible to the detection process collected, result data are uploaded and preserved.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107397533A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-28 | 生标（上海）医疗器械科技有限公司 | Height filtering strengthens fluorescence solution as diagnostic equipment |
| CN111166281A (en) * | 2020-01-24 | 2020-05-19 | 复旦大学 | Near-infrared fluorescence imaging detection system for ovaries assisted by colposcope |
| CN111358573A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-07-03 | 西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院 | Hyperspectral imaging surgical area rapid detection and marking device and detection method |
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2016
- 2016-06-03 CN CN201610385183.2A patent/CN105877692A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107397533A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-28 | 生标（上海）医疗器械科技有限公司 | Height filtering strengthens fluorescence solution as diagnostic equipment |
| CN111166281A (en) * | 2020-01-24 | 2020-05-19 | 复旦大学 | Near-infrared fluorescence imaging detection system for ovaries assisted by colposcope |
| CN111358573A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-07-03 | 西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院 | Hyperspectral imaging surgical area rapid detection and marking device and detection method |
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Application publication date: 20160824 |