CN105873153B - Stream switching method based on fuzzy logic in a kind of heterogeneous network - Google Patents

Stream switching method based on fuzzy logic in a kind of heterogeneous network Download PDF

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CN105873153B
CN105873153B CN201610387444.4A CN201610387444A CN105873153B CN 105873153 B CN105873153 B CN 105873153B CN 201610387444 A CN201610387444 A CN 201610387444A CN 105873153 B CN105873153 B CN 105873153B
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switching
business
fuzzy
fuzzy logic
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CN105873153A (en
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陶洋
赵芳金
严志军
欧晗琪
沈敬红
赫前进
李鹏亮
王振宇
李加成
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Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunications
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/16—Performing reselection for specific purposes
    • H04W36/22—Performing reselection for specific purposes for handling the traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/26—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by agreed or negotiated communication parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/14—Reselecting a network or an air interface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the stream switching method based on fuzzy logic in a kind of heterogeneous network, belong to the heterogeneous network technologies field in communication network.This method comprises the following steps: 1) applying fuzzy logic theory in the stream handover trigger stage, and corresponding fuzzy rule is set, the switching type of triggering is obtained by fuzzy reasoning, include: to force switching, do not switch, block and restore, designs the stream handover trigger module based on fuzzy logic；2) stream switching cost function model is designed, the cost of Business Stream switching is calculated；3) it is to need to be implemented that the business of switching is forced to determine switching target network using calculated Business Stream switching cost, finally completes switching；The pressure that the pressure switching times that this method intends reduction Business Stream while guaranteeing QoS of survice by introducing fuzzy logic theory are triggered in the case where avoiding current network from being able to satisfy QoS of survice demand switches, and ping-pong is reduced, to improve the performance of handoffs of network.

Description

Stream switching method based on fuzzy logic in a kind of heterogeneous network
Technical field
The invention belongs to the heterogeneous network technologies field in communication network, it is related in a kind of heterogeneous network based on fuzzy logic Stream switching method.
Background technique
With the development of communication technology, various wireless access technologys are come into being, since these access technologies are in covering model Enclose, bandwidth, application scenarios etc. it is different, be difficult to substitute between each other.In addition, mobile service is fast-developing, only by single One network is unable to satisfy business diversification and personalized growth requirement at all.Therefore the fusion of heterogeneous wireless network is the following nothing The inexorable trend and trend of line network Development.At the same time, the fusion of heterogeneous wireless network has promoted the development of mobile terminal, makes A variety of communication standards can be supported simultaneously by obtaining existing multimode terminal.Therefore, under heterogeneous wireless network convergence environment, multimode terminal Various Internet resources how are efficiently used, service quality (Quality of Service, QoS) demand of business is ensured, becomes Important research hotspot, wherein Vertical Handover is the key of solving the problem technology.
Existing switchover policy not can effectively solve the ping-pong problem because caused by triggering switching condition is single, therefore, In order to realize the target for reducing and forcing switching times, promoting business transmission success rate, propose that a kind of new switchover policy has very Good realistic meaning.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide the stream switching method based on fuzzy logic in a kind of heterogeneous network, This method reduces the pressure switching times of Business Stream by introducing fuzzy logic theory while guaranteeing QoS of survice, thoroughly The pressure switching triggered in the case where avoiding current network from being able to satisfy QoS of survice demand.Simultaneously (no by other three classes states Switching, obstruction and restore) setting, can ensure reliability of the business under Multi net voting overlay environment.According to corresponding business Switching cost function judges the target network that finally switches, can preferably from the point of view of the overall situation network load, to keep away Exempt to switch again because of multi-business flow while caused by switching to same target access network generation network performance rapid drawdown, i.e., it is so-called Ping-pong, to improve the performance of handoffs of network.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
Stream switching method based on fuzzy logic in a kind of heterogeneous network, method includes the following steps:
S1: fuzzy logic theory being applied in the stream handover trigger stage, and corresponding fuzzy rule is arranged, and is pushed away by fuzzy Reason obtains the switching type of triggering, comprising: forces switching, does not switch, blocks and restore, designs the stream based on fuzzy logic and cut Change trigger module；
S2: stream switching cost function model is designed, the cost of Business Stream switching is calculated；
S3: being to need to be implemented that the business of switching is forced to determine switching target network using calculated Business Stream switching cost Network finally completes switching.
Further, in the step S1, fuzzy logic control theory was applied in the switch decision stage, for controlling triggering Switching type, trigger process can be reduced the switching of Business Stream by the processing of fuzzy logic from the angle of business demand Number；Specifically includes the following steps:
S11: being blurred according to input variable of the subordinating degree function to fuzzy logic, and the output of blurring is input value It is subordinate to angle value relative to each fuzzy subset；
S12: fuzzy rule is set using expert and experiment experience, usually using the format of " if....then... "；
S13: fuzzy reasoning is carried out according to fuzzy rule, compound statement is used using typical Mamdani inference method Inference pattern；
S14: the result of fuzzy reasoning output is subjected to corresponding defuzzification using maximum membership degree method, obtains triggering Switching type.
Further, in the step S2, the switching cost model of business is described as follows: i-th of Business Stream switches to network k Cost value be Ni,k, it is as follows:
Wherein, Pi,kIndicate that i-th of Business Stream is linked into the Packet Error Ratio of network k, ni,kIndicate that i-th of Business Stream is linked into net The average resource of network k consumes.
Further, in the step S3, the determination of handover network target calculates the current total resource of access network first and disappears Consumption may be defined as: all users are linked into the access cost summation N of all Business Streams of the networkTConsume,k, it is as follows:
U is constant, indicates the total number of users for being linked into current network；M is variable, indicates that user is linked into the industry of network k Business stream sum；Then for network k, surplus resources NLs,kAre as follows:
NLs,k=NTotal,k-NTConsume,k
NTotal,kIt is constant, indicates the two-dimentional total number resource of access network k.
Further, in the step S3, following below scheme is specifically included:
A, initialization procedure: access network collection M is determinedi, the total K of access network concentration element, while initializing variable j =0, max=0, and switching target network is indicated using Dnet, then go to b；
B, M is taken outiIn j-th of element, judge whether network k corresponding to element j is selected, if being turned by selecting To c；If unselected, g is gone to；
C, the switching cost value N for the business for currently needing to switch is calculatedi,k, then go to d；
D, the total resources for calculating network k according to formula consume NTConsume,k, then calculate the surplus resources N of network kLs,k, most After go to e；
E, by the surplus resources N of network kLs,kWith Ni,kIt is compared, if NLs,k-Ni,k> max, then go to f；Otherwise turn To g；
F, the more value of new variables max, enables max=NLs,k-Ni,k, while using network k as target handover network, i.e. Dnet =k, then goes to g；
G, variable j value adds " 1 ", then goes to h；
H, judge whether j is more than or equal to the total K that optimal access network concentrates element, if it is greater than or equal to then going to i；If small In then going to b；
I, output switching target network Dnet, algorithm terminate.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is intended while guaranteeing QoS of survice by introducing fuzzy logic theory The pressure switching times of Business Stream are reduced, the pressure triggered in the case where avoiding current network from being able to satisfy QoS of survice demand is cut It changes, ping-pong is reduced, to improve the performance of handoffs of network.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to keep the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects clearer, the present invention provides following attached drawing and carries out Illustrate:
Fig. 1 is the stream switchover policy frame based on fuzzy logic；
Fig. 2 is the stream handover trigger process based on fuzzy logic；
Fig. 3 is subordinating degree function；
Fig. 4 is that switching target network selects flow chart.
Specific embodiment
Stream switchover policy provided by the invention based on fuzzy logic includes main following steps: step 1: by being based on The stream handover trigger module of fuzzy logic judges the switching type of Business Stream, and it includes force switching, do not switch, block and restore Four kinds of states；Step 2: forcing the business of switching to determine switching target network to need to be implemented, pass through the switching cost letter of stream Number calculates the switching cost of Business Stream, then calculates the surplus resources of each target network, finally chooses surplus resources and is somebody's turn to do The maximum network of switching cost difference of Business Stream is switching target network, then executes switching.Then for the business that does not switch It does not need to carry out any operation.For needing to be implemented the business of obstruction, then interrupting service is transmitted in the data of the network immediately, i.e., The network is not used.For needing to be implemented the business of recovery, then the distribution of Business Stream is readjusted, so that business recovery is in matter Measure the transmission in preferable candidate network.
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, the stream switching architecture based on fuzzy logic is responsible for processing and finishing service stream between multiple network interfaces Switching, be a cross-layer frame.The main research information trigger mechanism of this method is the stream handover trigger based on fuzzy logic Module and the cost function model of stream switching, on the basis of the two modules, the switch decision of finishing service stream.More nets Network interface administration module: it is managed multiple network interfaces of bottom, collects the real-time status data of each network interface, By being used as the input of fuzzy logic system after smoothing processing, finally judge whether network meets QoS of survice demand.Based on mould The stream handover trigger module of fuzzy logic: the module carries out fuzzy reasoning according to fuzzy rule set in advance, determines the industry of triggering Business stream switching type.Switching cost computing module: if triggering Business Stream forces switching, pass through switching cost computing module meter The cost for calculating Business Stream switching determines switching target network according to switching cost, finally completes switching.
Referring to fig. 2, which is handled real-time network data using fuzzy logic theory, then obtains triggering Service switching type comprising force switching (Force Handover, FH), do not switch (No Handover, NH), obstruction (Block, B) or restore (Recovery, R):
Force switching: the business must switch to candidate network from current network；
Do not switch: the business is not necessarily to switch to other any networks from current network, can maintain current Web vector graphic shape State still keeps data in the network transmission, is not necessarily to any processing；
Obstruction: direct block traffic neither initiates switching in the transmission of current network, while also not using network biography Transmission of data；
Restore: restoring transmission of the business in candidate network, i.e., from newly selecting the candidate network.
By the way that these four switching states are arranged, in Multi net voting covering scene, terminal traffic can according to the demand of business from Adapt to selection available network；The multipath parallel transmission state of holding business；Make full use of the resource of each overlay network；If with The movement of terminal, into the overlapping region of two network coverages, terminal traffic also can according to the actual situation by business pressure cut Shift to the network for being able to satisfy its demand.
The input parameter of the fuzzy logic control of this method setting is as follows:
It, can be by being based on business 1. whether the network that terminal is currently accessed is able to satisfy the QoS demand of its bearer service Multi-access network selection algorithm in utility function model calculate current network value of utility.Define its fuzzy subset difference Are as follows: very satisfaction (Very Satisfy, VS), meet (Satisfy, S), general satisfaction (General Satisfy, GS), no Meet (Not Satisfy, NS), pole is unsatisfactory for (Extremely Not Satisfy, ENS).
2. whether candidate network is able to satisfy the demand of the QoS of survice, with shown on, its fuzzy subset is defined are as follows: VS, S, GS,NS,ENS。
3. the number networks of this kind of business of simultaneous transmission account for the network coverage according to the number networks of this kind of business of current transmission The ratio of sum, fuzzy subset can be divided into: very much (Much, M), general (Generally Much, GM), nothing (No, N).
The output variable of fuzzy logic is defined as switching value, and fuzzy subset includes: forcing switching, does not switch, blocks, is extensive It is multiple.
Handover trigger process based on fuzzy logic:
Firstly, being blurred according to input variable of the subordinating degree function to fuzzy logic, the output of blurring is input Value is subordinate to angle value relative to each fuzzy subset's, is used subordinating degree function referring to Fig. 3.
Secondly, fuzzy rule is set using expert and experiment experience, it is preceding usually using the format of " if....then... " Fuzzy input variable set by face has 3 classes, and fuzzy set is respectively 5 grades, 5 grades and 3 grades, therefore be up to 75 fuzzy rules, According to repetition test, final rule setting part is as shown in table 1:
Table 1 obscure portions rule
Again, fuzzy reasoning is carried out according to fuzzy rule, using typical Mamdani inference method, is calculated in conjunction with this method Method details should use the inference pattern of compound statement, detailed reasoning process are as follows:
Calculate the Fuzzy implication relationship of above-mentioned n rule:
Wherein:For input variable x, the fuzzy set of y, z；For the fuzzy set of output variable；" → ", indicates Write matrix as one-column matrix；" ∧ " and " ∨ " is indicated to take matrix element small and is taken big operation.
According to Fuzzy implication relationship as above, its reasonable output can be inferred to any input:
Wherein: " ο " indicates a kind of synthesis operator, i.e., first " taking small " " takes big " again to two elements.
Finally, the result of fuzzy reasoning output is carried out corresponding defuzzification using maximum membership degree method, triggering is obtained Switching type.
Switching cost model based on Business Stream: the system model is based on two-dimentional resource.It determines two-dimentional resource Justice is: in network system, all subcarriers being divided into subchannel, frame length are divided into several time slots, then in time domain at one A sub-channels just constitute a two-dimentional resource unit in gap and frequency domain.The switching cost model of business is described in detail as follows, and i-th The cost value that a Business Stream switches to network k is Ni,k, such as following formula:
Wherein relevant parameter meaning is as follows:
1.Pi,kIt indicates that i-th of Business Stream is linked into the Packet Error Ratio of network k, calculates as follows:
Wherein: γ0It indicates the average signal-to-noise ratio of Cell Edge User receiving end, is constant；B is signal-noise ratio threshold value, is Constant；D is terminal at a distance from base station；η is decline index, general value 3 or 4.
2.ni,kIndicate that i-th of Business Stream is linked into the average resource consumption of network k, such as following formula:
Wherein: RiIt is constant for the access rate of i-th of Business Stream.
Assuming that it is b that i-th of business, which accesses obtainable transmission rate in x-th of two-dimentional resource of network at k-th,i,k,x, Then ui,k,xIndicate stochastic variable bi,k,xMean value, calculate such as following formula:
Wherein: γi,k,xThe signal-to-noise ratio in x-th of two-dimentional resource of network is accessed at k-th for i-th of business；ζiIt is normal Amount indicates the bit error rate requirement of i-th of Business Stream；FkIt is constant, indicates the sub-carrier number of every sub-channels of access network k Amount；TkIt is constant, indicates the total number of timeslots of each frame of network k；SkIt is constant, indicates that OFDM included in each time slot is accorded with Number number.
Because of transmission rate bi,k,xIt is signal-to-noise ratio γi,k,xMonotonic function, inverse function single order can be led, according to inverse function Probability density calculation method, b can be obtainedi,k,xProbability density function fb(bi,k,x) institute's following formula:
Wherein:
The definition of signal-to-noise ratio such as formula:
γi,k,x=γ0d-ηα2
α in formula2It is the stochastic variable for obeying the exponential distribution that mean value is " 1 ", therefore signal-to-noise ratio γi,k,xIt is to obey mean value to be γ0d-ηExponential distribution stochastic variable.
In conclusion the cost value N of i-th of service switching to network k can be found outi,k。
It is as follows to switch the detailed process that target network determines:
The Business Stream switching cost model can obtain, and the current total resource consumption of access network k may be defined as: institute is useful Family is linked into the access cost summation of all Business Streams of the network, calculates as follows:
Wherein: U is constant, indicates the total number of users for being linked into current network；M is variable, indicates that user is linked into network k Business Stream sum, meet m≤4.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that for network k, surplus resources: NLs,k=NTotal,k-NTConsume,k
Wherein: NTotal,kIt is constant, indicates the two-dimentional total number resource of access network k.
In conclusion using an access network collection M is determinedi, then the surplus of each network is concentrated by comparing access network The stool and urine of remaining resource can be need to be implemented force switching business determine a switching target network, process as shown in figure 4, It is described in detail below:
1. initialization procedure: accessing network collection M by determiningi, the total K that network concentrates element is accessed, is initialized simultaneously Variable j=0, max=0, and switching target network is indicated using Dnet, then go to step 2；
2. taking out MiIn j-th of element, judge whether network k corresponding to element j is selected, if being turned by selecting To step 3；If unselected, step 7 is gone to；
3. calculating the switching cost value N for the business for currently needing to switchi,k, then go to step 4；
4. consuming N according to the total resources that formula calculates network kTConsume,k, then calculate the surplus resources N of network kLs,k, most After go to step 5；
5. by the surplus resources N of network kLs,kWith Ni,kIt is compared, if NLs,k-Ni,k> max, then go to step 6；It is no Then go to step 7；
6. the value of more new variables max, enables max=NLs,k-Ni,k, while using network k as target handover network, i.e. Dnet =k, then goes to step 7；
7. variable j value adds " 1 ", step 8 is then gone to；
8. judging whether j is more than or equal to the total K that optimal access network concentrates element, if it is greater than or equal to then going to step 9； If being less than, step 2 is gone to；
9. output switching target network Dnet, algorithm terminate.
Finally, it is stated that preferred embodiment above is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and not to limit it, although logical It crosses above preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, however, those skilled in the art should understand that, can be Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.

Claims (1)

1. based on the stream switching method of fuzzy logic in a kind of heterogeneous network, it is characterised in that: method includes the following steps:
S1: fuzzy logic theory being applied in the Business Stream handover trigger stage, and corresponding fuzzy rule is arranged, and is pushed away by fuzzy Reason obtains the switching type of triggering, comprising: forces switching, does not switch, blocks and restore, designs the business based on fuzzy logic Flow handover trigger module；
S2: designing Business Stream switching cost function model, calculates the cost of Business Stream switching；
S3: being to need to be implemented that the business of switching is forced to determine switching target network using calculated Business Stream switching cost, most Switching is completed afterwards；
In the step S2, Business Stream switching cost function model is described as follows: i-th of Business Stream switches to the cost of network k Value is Ni,k, it is as follows:
Wherein, Pi,kIndicate that i-th of Business Stream is linked into the Packet Error Ratio of network k, ni,kIndicate that i-th of Business Stream is linked into network k Average resource consumption；
In the step S1, fuzzy logic theory was applied in the switch decision stage, for controlling the switching type of triggering, triggering Process can be reduced the switching times of Business Stream by the processing of fuzzy logic from the angle of business demand；Specifically include with Lower step:
S11: being blurred according to input variable of the subordinating degree function to fuzzy logic, and the output of blurring is that input value is opposite It is subordinate to angle value in each fuzzy subset；
S12: fuzzy rule is set using expert and experiment experience, uses the format of " if....then... "；
S13: fuzzy reasoning is carried out according to fuzzy rule, the reasoning of compound statement is used using typical Mamdani inference method Model；
S14: the result of fuzzy reasoning output is subjected to corresponding defuzzification using maximum membership degree method, obtains the switching of triggering Type；
In the step S3, the determination of handover network target calculates the current total resource consumption of access network is defined as: institute first There is user to be linked into the access cost summation N of all Business Streams of the networkTConsume,k, it is as follows:
U is constant, indicates the total number of users for being linked into current network；M is variable, indicates that user is linked into the Business Stream of network k Sum；Then for network k, surplus resources NLs,kAre as follows:
NLs,k=NTotal,k-NTConsume,k
NTotal,kIt is constant, indicates the two-dimentional total number resource of access network k, the two dimension resource are as follows: in network system, will own Subcarrier is divided into subchannel, and frame length is divided into several time slots, then a sub-channels are just in a time slot and frequency domain in time domain Constitute a two-dimentional resource unit；
In the step S3, following below scheme is specifically included:
A, initialization procedure: access network collection M is determinedi, the total K of access network concentration element, while initializing variable j=0, Max=0, and switching target network is indicated using Dnet, then go to b；
B, M is taken outiIn j-th of element, judge whether network k corresponding to j-th of element is selected, if being gone to by selecting c；If unselected, g is gone to；
C, the Business Stream switching cost value N for currently needing to switch is calculatedi,k, then go to d；
D, the total resources for calculating network k according to formula consume NTConsume,k, then calculate the surplus resources N of network kLs,k, finally turn To e；
E, by the surplus resources N of network kLs,kWith Ni,kIt is compared, if NLs,k-Ni,k> max, then go to f；Otherwise g is gone to；
F, the more value of new variables max, enables max=NLs,k-Ni,k, while using network k as target handover network, i.e. Dnet=k, so After go to g；
G, variable j value adds " 1 ", then goes to h；
H, judge whether j is more than or equal to the total K that access network concentrates element, if it is greater than or equal to then going to i；If being less than, turn To b；
I, output switching target network Dnet, algorithm terminate.
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