CN101198128A - Multi-module equipment and its service stream switching method - Google Patents
Multi-module equipment and its service stream switching method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention, relating to the network communication technical field, provides a multimode device and a service flow switching method thereof. In view of the circumstance that a plurality of service flows are conversationally transmitted on a multimode device with a plurality of active interfaces, the invention chooses the optimal network interface to begin the conversational transmission for each service flow by adopting different decision algorithms according to different switching scenes and by synthetically considering the network environment parameters, the status of the device, the service quality requirement of the service flow and the favor of the user. The invention solves the switching decision problem of a plurality of service flows on the multiple-interface device and can establish a reasonable mapping relation between the plurality of service flows and the plurality of interfaces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of network communication, in particular to multimode equipment and a service flow switching method thereof.
Background
The next generation network will be an IP-based network with a convergence of multiple access methods. The common communication networks include a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Network, a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Network, a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), and the like. As various radio access technologies have their respective merits and their respective deficiencies, multiple radio technologies will coexist complementarily in a long term; at the same time, the user's demand for coverage of communication networks is increasing, but it is not desirable to carry too many terminal devices in order to be able to use multiple networks. The generation of the multimode equipment (multimode terminal) adapts to the current technical characteristics and effectively meets the requirements of users, so that the multimode equipment has a very wide application prospect.
Due to the difference of coverage areas of various wireless networks and the complexity and variability of environmental factors of the wireless networks, when a multimode device moves in the wireless network, a handoff (handoff) situation occurs, that is, for some reason, a session in progress in a certain communication network is transferred to another communication network for continuous transmission, thereby ensuring the continuity of the session. The selection of a switching target and the determination of switching time are necessarily involved, and a good switching decision algorithm can guide equipment to be switched to an optimal communication network at a proper time, which has a very important meaning for ensuring the service quality of services, so that people pay great attention to the research of the switching decision algorithm at present.
Existing handover methods can be classified into horizontal handover (horizontal handover) and vertical handover (vertical handover) (k.pahlavan, p.krishnamurthy, a.hatami, m.ylintila, j.p.makela, r.pichna, and j.valstrom, "handover in hybrid mobile data network", IEEE per.com., vol.7, No.2, pp.34-37, apr.2000). They essentially select an optimal network among the candidate networks and hand off all sessions to this network, and thus the unit of their hand-off decision is "device". When the multi-mode device needs to be switched, the situation is very different, because the multi-mode device can simultaneously perform session transmission on a plurality of interfaces, during the switching, all sessions do not need to be switched to one interface, but the multi-mode device can be allocated and switched between a plurality of sessions and a plurality of interfaces according to a certain principle, and the switching decision algorithm is based on 'single session'. The most reasonable mapping between the session and the interface is realized as much as possible, and better network resource utilization rate and lower communication cost can be obtained while the service quality of each session is ensured.
As can be seen from the above analysis, it is not suitable to directly use the existing handover decision algorithms such as horizontal handover and vertical handover in the multimode communication environment, and therefore, a special study on the handover decision algorithm for the multi-service stream communication in the multimode device is required.
A sequencing Solution (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution, TOPSIS, Hwang C L, Yoon K. multiple attribute determination methods and applications, a state of the art summary [ M ]. New York: spring-Verlag, 1981) approaching an ideal Solution can be combined with conventional mathematical methods or fuzzy logic to find the optimal Solution and the negative optimal Solution (worst Solution) that achieve the target in the presence of multiple influencing factors, and a Solution to the problem is selected based on the principle that "the better Solution should be as close as possible to the optimal Solution and as far as possible from the negative optimal Solution", and is therefore particularly suitable for solving the decision problem of selecting the final target based on multiple factors among multiple candidate targets.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide multimode equipment and a service flow switching method thereof, aiming at an application scene of switching of the multimode equipment, various influencing factors related to a communication environment are comprehensively considered, factors playing a key role in switching decision are selected, and a reasonable mapping relation is established between the service flow and an interface through the operation analysis of a switching decision module, so that a proper communication network is selected for each service flow to fully utilize various wireless access resources and the access capability of the multimode equipment.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multimode device, which comprises a wireless interface module, a handover identification module, a handover decision module, and a handover execution module;
the wireless interface module is used for connecting the multimode equipment to a network for session service transmission;
the switching identification module is used for judging which type of switching needs to be carried out according to the service in the multimode equipment and the condition of the network;
the switching decision module is used for respectively adopting corresponding algorithms to make a switching decision according to the result judged by the switching identification module and different types of service switching required to be carried out so as to decide whether a certain service flow needs to be switched and how to carry out switching;
and the switching execution module is used for switching the corresponding service flow according to the switching decision made by the switching decision module.
Preferably, in the multimode device, the network to which the wireless interface module connects the multimode device includes a combination of two or more of a global mobile communication network, a general packet radio service network, a general mobile communication system network, a WiMAX communication network, a bluetooth communication network, and a wireless local area network.
Preferably, in the multimode device, the session service performed by the multimode device includes a combination of two or more of an SMS service, an MMS service, a voice service, a WAP service, a web browsing service, a VoIP service, an Email service, an IPTV service, and an FTP service.
Preferably, in the multimode device, the types of the handover include the following four categories:
(1) new available networks are emerging;
(2) a certain originally existing service network is no longer available;
(3) the quality of service of traffic on a certain network changes;
(4) the user explicitly specifies that a session communication conducted over a certain network be switched to be conducted in the specified network.
Preferably, in the multimode device, when a handover is required in a case where a new available network appears, the handover decision module decides whether or not a handover is required for each service flow according to the service quality satisfaction of each service and the service quality satisfaction that the new available network can provide for the service, and when the service quality satisfaction that the new available network can provide for the service is greater than a limit value of the service quality satisfaction of a certain service, the handover decision module decides to perform the handover.
Preferably, in the multimode device, the service quality satisfaction degree is defined as <math><mrow>
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as for the benefit-type factor, it is, <math><mrow>
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in the case of a cost-type factor, <math><mrow>
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wherein u and l represent the upper and lower limits of the parameters required by the corresponding services respectively, and r represents a numerical value which can be provided by the actual network environment;
for the upper and lower limits u and l of the parameters of each service, the known service types, the sizes of u and l are determined in advance, the unknown service types are determined, and the values of u and 1 are determined by setting a group of default values or by using a machine learning method;
the weights of the various factors are used for determining a group of weight vectors in advance for the known service types, and setting a default weight vector for the unknown service types.
Preferably, in the multimode device, the determination method of the weights of the various factors is as follows:
the factors in different types of services respectively correspond to a group of different weights, each factor is scored by [1-10], then the total score is calculated, and the ratio of the score of each factor to the total score is used as the final weight, namely
Wherein s isiIs the score of the ith factor, 1 ≦ si≤10。
Preferably, in the multimode device, the limit value is inversely proportional to the movement speed of the multimode device and is directly proportional to the coverage of the network currently used by the session.
Preferably, in the multimode device, when a handover needs to be performed in a situation where a service network that originally exists is no longer available, the handover decision module decides to switch the session service performed in the network that is no longer available to another network that is still available for session transmission according to a status of the session service performed in the network that is no longer available, parameters of another network that is still available, and a state of the multimode device itself.
Preferably, in the multimode device, the switching decision module, according to the status of the session service performed in the network that is no longer available, the parameters of other networks that are still available, and the state of the multimode device itself, uses a ranking solution method approximating an ideal solution in combination with a fuzzy multi-attribute decision method to decide to switch the session service performed in the network that is no longer available to other networks that are still available for transmission session.
Preferably, in the multimode device, when a handover is required to be performed when the service quality of a service on a certain network changes, the handover decision module determines whether the current network needs to be handed over to a different base station or the current network is no longer available, and if the current network is the former, the handover decision module decides to directly handover to another available base station, otherwise, the handover decision module decides to handover the session service performed in the no longer available network to another still available network for session transmission according to the status of the session service performed in the no longer available network, parameters of the other still available network, and the state of the multimode device itself.
Preferably, in the multimode device, when the handover decision module determines that the current network is no longer available, the handover decision module uses a ranking solution method approximating an ideal solution according to a status of a session service performed in the no-longer available network, parameters of other still available networks, and a state of the multimode device itself, and combines a fuzzy multi-attribute decision method to decide to handover the session service performed in the no-longer available network to the other still available networks for a transmission session.
Preferably, in the multimode device, when a user explicitly specifies to switch session communication performed on a certain network to a specified network for handover, the handover decision module decides the handover to be performed directly according to an instruction of the user.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also discloses a service flow switching method for multimode equipment, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 100, the multimode device judges the type of the service flow switching to be executed;
200, the multimode device decides how to switch the service flow according to the type of the service flow switching to be executed and by combining the service in the multimode device and the specific parameters in the communication network;
and step 300, the multimode equipment executes the operation of switching the service flow according to the decision result.
Preferably, in the method for switching service flows of a multimode device, the types of the switching include the following four categories:
(1) new available networks are emerging;
(2) a certain originally existing service network is no longer available;
(3) the quality of service of traffic on a certain network changes;
(4) the user explicitly specifies that a session communication conducted over a certain network be switched to be conducted in the specified network.
Preferably, in the method for switching service flows of a multimode device, when the type of the switching is that a new available network appears, the step 200 includes the following steps:
step 211, the multimode device calculates the service quality satisfaction of all currently running services;
step 212, the multimode device forms a switching pre-selection queue by using the calculated service quality satisfaction degree of each service;
step 213, the multimode device judges whether the switching preselection queue is empty, if not, step 214 is entered, and if so, step 217 is entered;
step 214, the multimode device takes out the first service in the pre-selection queue for switching, and calculates the quality of service satisfaction QoS that can be obtained if this service is transmitted in the newly available network that appearsnew；
Step 215, the multimode device determines the QoSnewWhether the current service quality satisfaction degree exceeds a certain limit value, if so, entering a step 216, otherwise, entering a step 213;
step 216, transferring the service taken out from the switching preselection queue in step 214 to a queue to be switched, updating relevant parameters, and entering step 213;
at step 217, the operation ends.
Preferably, in the service flow switching method of the multimode device, the service quality satisfaction degree <math><mrow>
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wherein u and l represent the upper and lower limits of the parameters required by the corresponding services respectively, and r represents a numerical value which can be provided by the actual network environment;
for the upper and lower limits u and l of the parameters of each service, the known service types, the sizes of u and l are determined in advance, the unknown service types are determined, and the values of u and l are determined by setting a group of default values or by using a machine learning method;
the weights of the various factors are used for determining a group of weight vectors in advance for the known service types, and setting a default weight vector for the unknown service types.
Preferably, in the method for switching service flows of a multimode device, the determination method of the weights of the various factors is as follows:
the factors in different types of services respectively correspond to a group of different weights, each factor is scored by [1-10], then the total score is calculated, and the ratio of the score of each factor to the total score is used as the final weight, namely
Wherein s isiIs the score of the ith factor, 1 ≦ si≤10。
Preferably, in the method for switching service flows of a multimode device, the limit value is inversely proportional to the movement speed of the multimode device and is directly proportional to the coverage of the network currently used by the session.
Preferably, in the method for switching service flows of a multimode device, when the type of the handover is that a service network originally existing is no longer available, the step 200 includes the following steps:
step 221, the multimode device determines whether there is a bearer service in the non-reusable network, if so, step 222 is entered, otherwise, step 228 is entered;
step 222, the multimode device extracts a first service carried in the non-reusable network, and constructs a decision matrix for each of the rest available networks in combination with the monitoring parameters;
step 223, performing defuzzification processing on the decision matrix constructed in step 222;
step 224, performing normalization processing on the decision matrix subjected to defuzzification processing, and performing corresponding weighting processing according to different services;
step 226, calculating and selecting the scheme closeness of each network according to the optimal solution and the negative optimal solution of each available network;
step 227, the multimode device selects the available network with the maximum value of the scheme proximity, adds the service into the queue to be switched, and enters step 221;
at step 228, the operation ends.
Preferably, in the method for switching the traffic flow of the multimode device, the step 222 uses a TOPSIS method to construct the decision matrix, each column of the decision matrix represents a value of a decision factor, and each row represents an alternative network.
Preferably, in the method for switching traffic streams of a multimode device, the rule according to which the decision matrix is deblurred in step 223 is a maximum-minimum value method or a center-of-gravity method.
Preferably, in the method for switching service flows of a multimode device, in the step 224, when the decision matrix is D and the normalized matrix is M, the normalization method used is:
Preferably, in the method for switching service flows of a multimode device, in step 225, when the processed matrix is V:
the optimal solution is Wherein, the benefit type parameter is maximum in each column, and the cost type parameter is minimum in each column;
the negative optimal solution is Wherein, the benefit type parameter is the largest in each column, and the cost type parameter is the smallest in each column.
Preferably, in the method for switching service flow of the multimode device, in the step 226, the service flow is switched to the multimode deviceProximity of solutions Wherein d isi＝|Ai-Pi|， Ai is a row in the decision matrix.
Preferably, in the method for switching service flows of a multimode device, when the type of the handover is a change in the quality of service of a service on a certain network, the step 200 includes the following steps:
231, the multimode device starts timing from the time when the service quality of the service changes, and the length of timing is a stable interval;
step 232, when the length of the timing reaches the stable interval, the multimode device checks whether the service quality of the network in use by the service still can not meet the requirement of normal use, if not, step 233 is entered, otherwise, step 236 is entered
Step 233, the multimode device detects whether there are other available base stations in the network used for the service, if so, step 234 is entered, otherwise, the network is not reusable, step 235 is entered:
step 234, the multimode device switches the service level to other available base stations in the same network, and the operation is finished;
step 235, deciding how to switch the service flow according to the processing mode that the switching type is that when a certain service network is not available, and finishing the operation;
in step 236, the operation ends.
Preferably, in the method for switching service flows of a multimode device, when the type of the handover explicitly specifies for the user that the session communication performed on a certain network is to be switched to the specified network, in step 200, the handover to be performed is determined directly according to the indication of the user.
Preferably, in the method for switching service flows of a multimode device, the step 300 includes the following steps:
step 310, judging whether the queue to be switched is not empty, if not, entering step 320, otherwise, entering step 330;
step 320, taking out the services from the queue to be switched in sequence for switching operation, and entering step 330;
at step 330, the operation ends.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the multimode equipment and the service flow switching method thereof can completely cover the scenes of switching the multiple service flows, respectively carry out switching decision processing aiming at each scene, and adopt different algorithms according to different characteristics of the scenes so as to ensure that the whole algorithm is flexible and efficient. Meanwhile, the multimode equipment and the service flow switching method thereof comprehensively consider the information of the surrounding network, the equipment condition and the service quality requirement of the service, and make a decision through careful analysis under the condition of combining the preference of the user, so that the communication cost paid by the user can be greatly saved on the premise of ensuring the service quality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a scenario of multi-service communication on a multimode device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of a handover that occurs when a new available network appears;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a scenario illustrating a handoff that occurs when a serving network is no longer available;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a service flow switching method of a multimode device in the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a multimode device in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following describes a multimode device and a method for switching traffic flows thereof in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
To implement efficient decision on how to switch traffic flows, it is necessary to know the cause of the traffic flow switching, and in general, the traffic flow switching occurs when the following three situations occur: (1) a change in the set of serving networks of the multimode device occurs; (2) the quality of service of traffic on a certain network changes; (3) the user explicitly specifies that a session communication conducted over a certain network be switched to be conducted in the specified network. The service network set refers to a set of all communication networks currently used by the multimode device, and the condition that the service network set changes can be further subdivided into two conditions that a new available network appears and the original service network is no longer available.
When the situation that the switching of the service flow occurs is generated, when a new available network is generated, if the new network has a good service characteristic, such as better bandwidth or cost advantage, it may be considered to switch the service which is communicated on other interfaces and is not in the best service state to the new network for communication; if the original network is no longer available, the affected service needs to be immediately switched to the available network; similarly, if the service quality of a service on a certain network is obviously reduced, a switching decision algorithm should be started in time to select a new transmission network for a communication session; and finally, if the user explicitly specifies to switch, the requirement of the user is met, and corresponding switching is carried out according to the requirement of the user.
In the invention, aiming at the different reasons for causing the service flow switching, different processing modes are adopted:
for the situation of a new available network, firstly, the satisfaction degree of each service to the current network communication service condition is represented by using the index of service quality satisfaction degree, wherein the service quality satisfaction degree is related to the coverage range, the available bandwidth, the packet loss rate, the time delay and the charging provided by the current bearing network, the residual electric quantity of a terminal, the movement speed and other factors; then, normalizing the service quality satisfaction degree, wherein the service quality satisfaction degree is equal to 1, which means that the service is completely satisfied with the current service condition, and the smaller the service quality satisfaction degree is, the more unsatisfied the service condition is; then, the service flows needing to be switched are determined according to the service quality satisfaction degree of each service flow, the service quality satisfaction degree which can be provided by the new available network for the service flows is calculated, and if the new available network can provide better service, the corresponding service is switched to the new network.
For the situation that the original service network is no longer available, the services carried on the network need to be switched, so that the switching can be reasonably selected by comprehensively considering the service itself, other available networks and the preference of the user. The Fuzzy Decision matrix can be constructed by using a Fuzzy Multiple Attributes Decision (FMADM) method based on TOPSIS, and the optimal bearer network for each service to be switched is selected after processing. The elements in the fuzzy decision matrix are parameter values that have a large influence on the decision result, including the requirements of each service on the maximum and minimum bandwidths, the sensitivity to the packet loss rate, and corresponding values that can be provided by the bearer network, and because the dimensions of these values have some differences, normalization processing is required before operation.
For a situation that the service quality of a service on a certain network changes, this indicates that the service capability of the current service network has changed greatly, which may be due to a user (multimode device) moving to the edge of the service network, or due to a temporary interference on a wireless link, a process of waiting and determining is needed instead of performing a handover too quickly, if the multimode device moves to the edge of the network, an inter-system handover manner, i.e. horizontal handover, of the same type of network may be preferentially adopted, otherwise, the processing may be performed according to the situation that the original service network is no longer available.
For the case that the user explicitly specifies to switch the session to the specified network, since this is the decision that the user dominates the switching, the user's requirement should be satisfied first, and the switching should be performed according to the user's instruction.
By combining the above situations, the multimode device can effectively judge which situation should be adopted by the decision method corresponding to the service quality perception and the service network information provided by the server arranged in the network, so that the service flow can be effectively switched to the appropriate network interface for carrying.
In the specific embodiment of the present invention, when the multimode device makes a decision for switching of a service flow, two data structures are adopted in a decision algorithm performed by the multimode device, that is, a pre-selection queue for switching and a queue to be switched. Wherein, the switching pre-selection queue is used for storing the aggregate of all services which are not satisfied enough to the current service quality; the queue to be switched is used for storing the service set which needs to be switched after the decision is made and indicating the target network to be switched.
Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating a scenario of multi-service communication on a multi-mode device. The multimode device shown in fig. 1 has multiple wireless network interfaces (such as GPRS, UMTS, and WiMAX interfaces, etc.), and multiple sessions can be simultaneously carried on the interfaces, and each session can select the most appropriate network for transmission. When the network condition or the service quality of the service changes, how to judge by using the network condition and the device information needs to be considered, and a switching decision meeting the service requirement is made, so that the current ongoing session transmission is switched to other appropriate networks to continue.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a handover scenario occurring when a new available network appears. As shown in fig. 2, when no new available network is available, the services performed in the multimode device include SMS service, MMS service, and VoIP service, and the available communication networks are GPRS and UMTS, in which case the VoIP service is transmitted through UMTS, so the communication cost and the like thereof are not satisfactory. When a new available network, namely a WiMAX network, appears, the WiMAX network can reduce the cost of session communication while ensuring the quality of service, so that the VoIP session can be switched to the WiMAX network for transmission.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a handover scenario that occurs when a service network is no longer available. When no new available network appears, the service performed in the multimode device includes MMS service, SMS service, Email service and IPTV service, the available communication networks are GPRS, UMTS and WLAN, and the Email service and IPTV service are transmitted through WLAN. When the multimode device moves out of the WLAN network with a smaller coverage area, a new bearer network needs to be searched for IPTV service and Email service that were previously transmitted over the WLAN network, where the IPTV service is suitable for transmission over the UMTS network with a larger bandwidth, and the Email service can be transmitted over the GPRS network. Since the handover decision in this case only needs to be made for the session traffic on the affected interface, the goal is to select an optimal network for the decision object from the many still available networks, so the decision conditions include traffic flow conditions, network environment parameters, and the state of the terminal itself. Since in this case a decision needs to be made as soon as possible, some parameters may not be obtained accurately enough, but rather have some "ambiguity", and therefore, the design of the algorithm can be done using a method that is ambiguous with respect to multi-attribute decisions.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a service flow switching method of a multimode device according to the present invention. The process of the service flow switching method of the multimode equipment comprises the following steps:
step S100, the multi-mode device judges according to the service in the multi-mode device and the condition of the communication network, and when a service flow switching decision needs to be carried out, the step S200 is carried out.
Step S200, the multimode device judges the type of the service flow switching to be executed, if the type is the situation of a new available network, the step S211 is entered; if the original service network is no longer available, go to step S221; if the service quality of the service on a certain network is changed, the process goes to step S231; if the user explicitly specifies that the session is to be switched to the specified network, the process proceeds to step S241.
Step S211, the multi-mode device calculates the QoS satisfaction QoS of all the running servicesmThe process advances to step S212.
Wherein, <math><mrow>
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<mo>,</mo>
</mrow></math> representing the weight of various factors.
For benefit factors (i.e., factors with larger values being better), such as available bandwidth and coverage, there are:
for cost-type factors (i.e. factors with smaller values better), such as charging, packet loss rate, and network load, there are:
wherein, u and l in the above formula represent the upper and lower limits of the parameter required by the corresponding service, and r represents the value that the actual network environment can provide. For example, the bandwidth currently provided by the network to the service for use is r, and the maximum and minimum bandwidths required by the service are u and l, respectively.
Through the above processing, the dimensions of various parameters are unified, and the quality of service satisfaction degree QoS is unifiedmIs limited to [0, 1 ]]In order to facilitate comparison in subsequent steps.
In the specific embodiment of the present invention, for each parameter, the upper and lower limits u, l are determined according to the following rule, that is, the handover decision module in the multimode device maintains a service parameter table, in which the requirements of each service on parameters such as bandwidth, delay, packet loss rate, etc., including the supported maximum and minimum values, are recorded. For common traffic classes, the magnitude of these values can be determined in advance; for new traffic classes, a set of default values may be set or its value determined using machine learning methods.
Wherein, the determination rule of the weight of each factor of each service is as follows: the factors in different types of services respectively correspond to a group of different weights, each factor is scored by [1-10], then the total score is calculated, and the ratio of the score of each factor to the total score is used as the final weight, namely
siIs the score of the ith factor, 1 ≦ si≤10。
For known traffic classes, a set of weight vectors, e.g. W, may be determined in advancevoice，Wvideo，WdataWeight vectors respectively corresponding to the factors of the voice service, the video service and the data service, and a default weight vector W can be set for the type of the unknown servicedefault。
The user can define the weight of the decision factor to reflect the preference of the user.
Step S212, the multi-mode device calculates the QoS satisfaction QoS of each service in step S211mAccording to the literThe sequence is arranged to form a switching preselection queue, and then the process proceeds to step S213.
Step S213, the multimode device determines whether the pre-selection queue is empty, if not, the step S214 is performed, and if so, the step S217 is performed.
Step S214, the multi-mode device takes out the head of line service in the switching pre-selection queue, and calculates the service quality satisfaction QoS which can be obtained if the service is transmitted in the new available networknewThe process advances to step S215.
Step S215, the multi-mode device judges the QoSnewWhether the current quality of service satisfaction QoS is exceededmIf a certain limit value T is exceeded, the step S216 is executed, otherwise, the step S213 is executed; the purpose of adding the limit value T is to reduce the occurrence of unnecessary handover, that is, only for the current service which is not satisfactory to the service quality, if a new network can provide a better selection, the service will be handed over, otherwise, the service will still transmit the session through the originally used network, so as to reduce the overhead caused by the handover.
Step S216, the service taken out from the switching pre-selection queue in step S214 is transferred to the queue to be switched, and the switching pre-selection queue, the new available network and the parameters of the service are updated, and the process goes to step S213.
Step S217, the multimode device determines whether the queue to be switched is empty, if not, step S218 is performed, otherwise, step S300 is performed.
Step S218, the multimode device starts a handover execution process, sequentially switches the services in the queue to be handed over, and the operation is finished.
Step S221, the multimode device determines whether there is a service network that is about to fail or has failed and is no longer available, if so, step S222 is performed, otherwise, step S300 is performed.
Step S222, the multimode device determines whether there is a bearer service in the non-reusable network, if so, step S223 is performed, otherwise, step S217 is performed.
Step S223, the multimode device extracts the first service carried in the non-reusable network, constructs a decision matrix for each of the remaining available networks in combination with the monitoring parameters, and then proceeds to step S224.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the structure of the decision matrix is similar to the following matrix:
wherein each column represents the value of a decision factor and each row (Ai) represents an alternative network. For example, the third column indicates the available bandwidth values of each network as 80Kbps, 20Kbps and 40Kbps, respectively, and the sixth column indicates the charging standard of each network in minutes/kbyte.
Linguistic variables such as "very _ long", "good", etc. may appear in the decision matrix constructed in this step.
Step S224, performing defuzzification processing on the decision matrix constructed in step S223, that is, converting the linguistic variables appearing in the decision matrix into precise numerical values according to rules such as a maximum-minimum value method and a center-of-gravity method in fuzzy mathematics, and entering step S225.
Step S225, performing normalization processing on the decision matrix subjected to defuzzification processing, performing corresponding weighting processing according to different services, and entering step S226.
Wherein the decision matrix is D, and the normalized matrix is M. In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the commonly used normalization methods are:
For each different type of service, they have different combinations of requirements in terms of bandwidth delay, etc., and can also be expressed by language variables, such as:
Wv＝[medium medium low high high low]
Wd＝[high high low low medium medium]
they respectively represent the bias degree of voice and data service to bandwidth, signal-to-noise ratio and price, and after the same defuzzification treatment they can obtain aA numerical vector is multiplied by the M matrix to obtain a processed matrix V, Vij＝Wj□Mij。
Step S226, selecting the optimal solution and the negative optimal solution for each available network according to the processed matrix V, and proceeding to step S227.
Optimal solution: maximize each column (minimize for cost type parameters)
Negative optimal solution: minimum for each column (maximum for cost type parameters)
Step S227, calculating and selecting the solution closeness of each network according to the optimal solution and the negative optimal solution of each available network, and sorting the solutions, and then the step S228 is performed.
Wherein the scheme proximity di＝|Ai-Pi|，
Step S228, the multimode device selects the available network with the maximum value of the scheme proximity Ci, adds the service to the queue to be switched, and transfers the service to the available network with the maximum value of the scheme proximity Ci to perform a communication session, and then enters step S222.
Step S231, the multimode device starts timing from the time when the service quality of the service changes, the length of the timing is a stable interval T, and step S232 is performed, where the stable interval T is inversely proportional to the moving speed of the multimode device, and the length of the stable interval T may be set in this step or preset during system initialization.
Step S232, when the length of the timing reaches the stable interval T, the multimode device checks whether the service quality of the network in use by the service still cannot meet the requirement of normal use, if still cannot, step S233 is entered, otherwise, step S300 is entered.
Step S233, the multimode device detects whether there are other available base stations in the network used for the service, if so, step S234 is performed, otherwise, step S221 is performed.
Step S234, the multimode device switches the service level to other available base stations in the same network, and the operation is ended.
Step S241, the multimode device switches the target service stream according to the selection of the user, and the operation is ended.
In step S300, the operation ends.
In the embodiment of the present invention, other algorithms may be used for different scenarios, for example, for the case that the original service network is no longer available, a method based on the Vague set may also be used instead of the method based on TOPSIS, and therefore, the decision algorithm and the like described in the present invention are only used for example and are not used for limiting the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a multimode device according to the present invention. The multimode device 10 of the present invention includes a wireless interface module 11, a handover identification module 12, a handover decision module 13, and a handover execution module 14.
The wireless interface module 11 is configured to connect the multimode device 10 to a network for session service transmission, where the network includes a global mobile communication network, a general packet radio service network, a general mobile communication system network, a WiMAX communication network, a bluetooth communication network, a wireless local area network, and so on.
The switching identification module 12 is configured to determine whether a situation that a service needs to be switched between different communication networks exists according to the service in the multimode device and the situation of the communication network, and determine which type of switching needs to be performed. Wherein the handover includes the following four categories:
(1) a new available network appears, so that the original session service transmitted on a certain network can be transferred to the new network for carrying out;
(2) a certain originally existing service network is no longer available, so that session transmission on the service network needs to be transferred to other networks which still exist and are available;
(3) the quality of service of a service on a certain network changes, so that it is necessary to determine whether the service performed on the network needs to be transferred to another network for performing;
(4) the user explicitly specifies that a session communication conducted over a certain network be switched to be conducted in the specified network.
The switching decision module 13 is configured to respectively adopt corresponding algorithms to make a decision of switching according to different types of service switching that needs to be performed according to a result determined by the switching identification module 12, so as to decide whether or not a certain service flow needs to be switched and how to perform the switching, where in the decision of switching, reference needs to be made to various parameters of an available network and a corresponding service.
When a new available network needs to be switched, the switching decision module 13 decides whether each service flow needs to be switched according to the service quality satisfaction of each service and the service quality satisfaction that the new available network can provide for the service.
When a handover is required to be performed in a situation where a service network that originally exists is no longer available, the handover decision module 13 constructs a decision matrix for each still available network by combining monitoring parameters with each service flow, and performs operations such as data defuzzification and matrix normalization to decide to handover a service that originally was performed on the non-reusable network to which still available network.
When switching of a service on a certain network is required under the condition that the service quality of the service on the network changes, the switching decision module 13 firstly judges whether the service quality of the service on the network still cannot meet the use requirement after a stable interval, if the service quality of the service on the network still cannot meet the use requirement, the switching decision module further judges whether switching between different base stations of the same network is required or the service needs to be switched to different networks for session transmission (the current network is not available any more), if the service on the network still cannot meet the use requirement, the service is directly switched to other available base stations, and otherwise, decision operation is carried out according to the switching under the condition that a certain service network is not available.
When a user explicitly designates to switch session communication performed on a certain network to a designated network for handover, the handover decision module 13 makes a handover decision directly according to the user's instruction.
The switching execution module 14 is configured to switch the corresponding service flow according to the switching decision made by the switching decision module 13.
The services performed by the multimode device 10 include SMS service, MMS service, voice service, WAP service, web browsing service, VoIP service, Email service, IPTV service, FTP service, and the like.
For a specific operation process of the multimode device 10, please refer to the steps in the foregoing method for switching service flows of the multimode device, which is not described herein again.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (28)
1. The multimode equipment is characterized by comprising a wireless interface module, a switching identification module, a switching decision module and a switching execution module;
the wireless interface module is used for connecting the multimode equipment to a network for session service transmission;
the switching identification module is used for judging which type of switching needs to be carried out according to the service in the multimode equipment and the condition of the network;
the switching decision module is used for respectively adopting corresponding algorithms to make a switching decision according to the result judged by the switching identification module and different types of service switching required to be carried out so as to decide whether a certain service flow needs to be switched and how to carry out switching;
and the switching execution module is used for switching the corresponding service flow according to the switching decision made by the switching decision module.
2. The multimode device of claim 1, wherein the network to which the wireless interface module connects the multimode device comprises a combination of two or more of a global mobile communications network, a general packet radio service network, a general mobile communications system network, a WiMAX communications network, a bluetooth communications network, and a wireless local area network.
3. The multimode device according to claim 1, wherein the session traffic performed by the multimode device comprises a combination of two or more of SMS traffic, MMS traffic, voice traffic, WAP traffic, web browsing traffic, VoIP traffic, Email traffic, IPTV traffic, and FTP traffic.
4. The multimode device according to claim 1, wherein said types of handover include the following four categories:
(1) new available networks are emerging;
(2) a certain originally existing service network is no longer available;
(3) the quality of service of traffic on a certain network changes;
(4) the user explicitly specifies that a session communication conducted over a certain network be switched to be conducted in the specified network.
5. The multimode device according to claim 4, wherein when a handover is required in the presence of a new available network, the handover decision module decides whether a handover is required for each traffic flow according to the quality of service satisfaction of each traffic flow and the quality of service satisfaction that the new available network can provide for the traffic flow, and when the quality of service satisfaction that the new available network can provide for the traffic flow is greater than a limit of the quality of service satisfaction of a certain traffic flow, decides to perform the handover.
6. The multimode device according to claim 5, wherein said quality of service satisfaction is defined as <math><mrow>
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wherein u and l represent the upper and lower limits of the parameters required by the corresponding services respectively, and r represents a numerical value which can be provided by the actual network environment;
for the upper and lower limits u and l of the parameters of each service, the known service types, the sizes of u and l are determined in advance, the unknown service types are determined, and the values of u and l are determined by setting a group of default values or by using a machine learning method;
the weights of the various factors are used for determining a group of weight vectors in advance for the known service types, and setting a default weight vector for the unknown service types.
7. The multimode device according to claim 6, wherein the weights of said factors are determined by:
the factors in different types of services respectively correspond to a group of different weights, each factor is scored by [1-10], then the total score is calculated, and the ratio of the score of each factor to the total score is used as the final weight, namely
Wherein s isiIs the score of the ith factor, 1 ≦ si≤10。
8. A multimode device according to claim 5, characterized in that said limit value is inversely proportional to the speed of movement of said multimode device and directly proportional to the coverage of the network currently used by the session.
9. The multimode device according to claim 4, wherein when a handover is required in a situation where a service network that originally exists is no longer available, the handover decision module decides to switch the session traffic in the network that is no longer available to the other networks that are still available for session transmission according to the status of the session traffic in the network that is no longer available, parameters of the other networks that are still available, and the state of the multimode device itself.
10. The multimode device according to claim 9, wherein the handover decision module uses a ranking solution method approaching an ideal solution in combination with a fuzzy multi-attribute decision method to decide to handover the session traffic in the no-longer available network to the other still available network for the transmission session according to the status of the session traffic in the no-longer available network, the parameters of the other still available networks and the state of the multimode device itself.
11. The multimode device according to claim 4, wherein when a handover is required when the service quality of the service on a certain network changes, the handover decision module determines whether the current network needs to be handed over to a different base station or the current network is no longer available, and if the current network is the former, the handover decision module decides to directly handover to another available base station, otherwise, the handover decision module decides to handover the session service performed on the no longer available network to another still available network for session transmission according to the status of the session service performed on the no longer available network, parameters of the other still available network, and the state of the multimode device itself.
12. The multimode device according to claim 11, wherein when the handover decision module determines that the current network is no longer available, the handover decision module uses a ranking solution method approaching an ideal solution in combination with a fuzzy multi-attribute decision method to decide to switch the session traffic in the no-longer available network to the other still available network for the transmission session according to the status of the session traffic in the no-longer available network, parameters of the other still available networks, and the state of the multimode device itself.
13. The multimode device according to claim 4, wherein when a handover is required in case that the user explicitly specifies that the session communication performed on a certain network is to be handed over to the specified network, the handover decision module decides the handover to be performed directly according to the user's instruction.
14. A service flow switching method of multimode equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 100, the multimode device judges the type of the service flow switching to be executed;
200, the multimode device decides how to switch the service flow according to the type of the service flow switching to be executed and by combining the service in the multimode device and the specific parameters in the communication network;
and step 300, the multimode equipment executes the operation of switching the service flow according to the decision result.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the type of the handover includes the following four categories:
(1) new available networks are emerging;
(2) a certain originally existing service network is no longer available;
(3) the quality of service of traffic on a certain network changes;
(4) the user explicitly specifies that a session communication conducted over a certain network be switched to be conducted in the specified network.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein when the type of the handover is a new available network, the step 200 comprises the following steps:
step 211, the multimode device calculates the service quality satisfaction of all currently running services;
step 212, the multimode device forms a switching pre-selection queue by using the calculated service quality satisfaction degree of each service;
step 213, the multimode device judges whether the switching preselection queue is empty, if not, step 214 is entered, and if so, step 217 is entered;
step 214, the multimode device takes out the first service in the pre-selection queue for switching, and calculates the quality of service satisfaction QoS that can be obtained if this service is transmitted in the newly available network that appearsnew；
Step 215, the multimode device determines the QoSnewWhether the current service quality satisfaction degree exceeds a certain limit value, if so, entering a step 216, otherwise, entering a step 213;
step 216, transferring the service taken out from the switching preselection queue in step 214 to a queue to be switched, updating relevant parameters, and entering step 213;
at step 217, the operation ends.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the qos satisfaction is higher than a threshold <math><mrow>
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<mo>≤</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>r</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>u</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>,</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mi>l</mi>
<mo><</mo>
<mi>r</mi>
<mo><</mo>
<mi>u</mi>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mi>r</mi>
<mo>≥</mo>
<mi>u</mi>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow></math>
in the case of a cost-type factor, <math><mrow>
<msub>
<mi>factor</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfenced open='{' close=''>
<mtable>
<mtr>
<mtd>
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</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
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<mrow>
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<mo>-</mo>
<mi>r</mi>
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<mrow>
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<mo>-</mo>
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</mfrac>
<mo>,</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
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<mo><</mo>
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</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
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</mtd>
<mtd>
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<mo>≤</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow></math>
wherein u and l represent the upper and lower limits of the parameters required by the corresponding services respectively, and r represents a numerical value which can be provided by the actual network environment;
for the upper and lower limits u and l of the parameters of each service, the known service types, the sizes of u and l are determined in advance, the unknown service types are determined, and the values of u and l are determined by setting a group of default values or by using a machine learning method;
the weights of the various factors are used for determining a group of weight vectors in advance for the known service types, and setting a default weight vector for the unknown service types.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the weights of the factors are determined by:
the factors in different types of services respectively correspond to a group of different weights, each factor is scored by [1-10], then the total score is calculated, and the ratio of the score of each factor to the total score is used as the final weight, namely
Wherein s isiIs the score of the ith factor，1≤si≤10。
19. The method of claim 16, wherein the limit value is inversely proportional to the moving speed of the multimode device and directly proportional to the coverage of the network currently used by the session.
20. The method of claim 15, wherein when the type of the handover is that a service network originally existing is no longer available, the step 200 comprises the following steps:
step 221, the multimode device determines whether there is a bearer service in the non-reusable network, if so, step 222 is entered, otherwise, step 228 is entered;
step 222, the multimode device extracts a first service carried in the non-reusable network, and constructs a decision matrix for each of the rest available networks in combination with the monitoring parameters;
step 223, performing defuzzification processing on the decision matrix constructed in step 222;
step 224, performing normalization processing on the decision matrix subjected to defuzzification processing, and performing corresponding weighting processing according to different services;
step 225, selecting an optimal solution and a negative optimal solution for each available network through the processed matrix;
step 226, calculating and selecting the scheme closeness of each network according to the optimal solution and the negative optimal solution of each available network;
step 227, the multimode device selects the available network with the maximum value of the scheme proximity, adds the service into the queue to be switched, and enters step 221;
at step 228, the operation ends.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the decision matrix is constructed in step 222 using a TOPSIS method, each column of the decision matrix represents a decision factor value, and each row represents an alternative network.
22. The method of claim 20, wherein the decision matrix is deblurred in step 223 according to a rule of max-min or center-of-gravity.
23. The method of claim 20, wherein in the step 224, when the decision matrix is D and the normalized matrix is M, the normalization method is:
24. The method of claim 20, wherein in step 225, when the processed matrix is V:
the optimal solution is Wherein, the benefit type parameter is maximum in each column, and the cost type parameter is minimum in each column;
the negative optimal solution is Wherein, the benefit type parameter is the largest in each column, and the cost type parameter is the smallest in each column.
25. The method of claim 20, wherein in step 226, the scheme proximity is Wherein d isi＝|Ai-Pi|， Ai is a row in the decision matrix.
26. The method of claim 15, wherein when the type of the handover is a change in quality of service of a service on a network, the step 200 comprises the following steps:
231, the multimode device starts timing from the time when the service quality of the service changes, and the length of timing is a stable interval;
step 232, when the length of the timing reaches the stable interval, the multimode device checks whether the service quality of the network in use by the service still can not meet the requirement of normal use, if not, step 233 is entered, otherwise, step 236 is entered
Step 233, the multimode device detects whether there are other available base stations in the network used for the service, if so, step 234 is entered, otherwise, the network is not available, step 235 is entered;
step 234, the multimode device switches the service level to other available base stations in the same network, and the operation is finished;
step 235, deciding how to switch the service flow according to the processing mode that the switching type is that when a certain service network is not available, and finishing the operation;
in step 236, the operation ends.
27. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein when the type of the handover is user explicit specification to handover the session communication performed on a certain network to the specified network, in step 200, the handover to be performed is determined directly according to the user's instruction.
28. The method of claim 15, wherein the step 300 comprises the steps of:
step 310, judging whether the queue to be switched is not empty, if not, entering step 320, otherwise, entering step 330;
step 320, taking out the services from the queue to be switched in sequence for switching operation, and entering step 330;
at step 330, the operation ends.
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