CN105868764A - Method and system for reading voltmeter - Google Patents
Method and system for reading voltmeter Download PDFInfo
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- CN105868764A CN105868764A CN201610187636.0A CN201610187636A CN105868764A CN 105868764 A CN105868764 A CN 105868764A CN 201610187636 A CN201610187636 A CN 201610187636A CN 105868764 A CN105868764 A CN 105868764A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/40—Extraction of image or video features
- G06V10/44—Local feature extraction by analysis of parts of the pattern, e.g. by detecting edges, contours, loops, corners, strokes or intersections; Connectivity analysis, e.g. of connected components
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/70—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning
- G06V10/74—Image or video pattern matching; Proximity measures in feature spaces
- G06V10/75—Organisation of the matching processes, e.g. simultaneous or sequential comparisons of image or video features; Coarse-fine approaches, e.g. multi-scale approaches; using context analysis; Selection of dictionaries
- G06V10/751—Comparing pixel values or logical combinations thereof, or feature values having positional relevance, e.g. template matching
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V2201/02—Recognising information on displays, dials, clocks
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for reading a voltmeter. The method comprises the following steps: based on geometrical characteristics of a pointer of the voltmeter and gray scale information distribution features of a dial of the voltmeter, conducting haar response calculation on a dial image of the voltmeter so as to obtain a corresponding haar response graph. Since a pointer area has a higher haar response value with respect to a non-pointer area, the method conducts statistics on the distribution of the haar response values through a histogram, and takes the haar response value corresponding with a quantile which meets a preset requirement as a threshold value, selects a regional maximum point in the haar response graph; and through the straight line fitting method, the method takes the straight line with the maximum sum of haar response values as the pointer of the dial image of the voltmeter, finally based on reference information of the pointer and scale points marked on the dial image of the voltmeter, obtaining a scale value pointed by the pointer in the dial image of the voltmeter. When the scale value pointed by the pointer exceeds a preset range, an alarm signal is output. Therefore, the method and the system release human labor and reduce safety hazards.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to voltmeter technical field, in particular, relate to the number reading method of a kind of voltmeter
And system.
Background technology
Voltmeter is the instrument of the magnitude of voltage of a kind of target location for showing on target device, passes through
The monitoring of reading current to described voltmeter can understand the duty of target device in time, thus prevent because of
The overtension of target location or too low and affect the normal use of equipment.Therefore, voltmeter is carried out
Daily Round Check is one of very important project in the artificial O&M of transformer station.
At present, mainly by the way of manual inspection, the instruction state of voltmeter pointer is detected.But
Patrol and examine dangerous being existed by manual inspection and patrol and examine the problems such as efficiency is low.Therefore, how one is provided
Number reading method and the system of planting voltmeter complete patrol task, and to liberate manpower, reduction potential safety hazard is
The technical problem that those skilled in the art are urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention discloses number reading method and the system of a kind of voltmeter, to realize patrolling completing
While inspection task, liberate manpower, reduce potential safety hazard.
A kind of number reading method of voltmeter, including:
Obtain voltmeter image, according to the gradient angle descriptor information of voltmeter dial plate, to described voltage
Table image carries out template-matching operation, obtains voltmeter dial plate image；
Described voltmeter dial plate image is carried out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION and obtains the Ha Er sound of voltmeter dial plate image
Ying Tu；
Each Ha Er response value in described Ha Er response diagram is carried out histogram information statistics, finds height
The Ha Er response value quantity of numerical value accounts for point position that percentage ratio is preset percentage of Ha Er response value total quantity
Point, using Ha Er response value corresponding for described quantile as threshold value；
Obtain each Local modulus maxima in described Ha Er response diagram；
Line fitting method is used to obtain each initial straight, according to described each described Local modulus maxima
Each described initial straight is fitted revising by threshold value, obtains one group of straight line, by pixel in each described straight line
The straight line of the Ha Er response value sum maximum of point is as the cursor line in voltmeter dial plate image；
According to described cursor line and training stage in advance in the calibration points of voltmeter dial plate image tagged, really
The scale value that fixed described cursor line is pointed to；
Judge scale value that described cursor line points to whether within preset range, if it does not, outputting alarm
Signal.
Preferably, in above-mentioned number reading method, the described Ha Er that carries out described voltmeter dial plate image responds meter
Calculate the Ha Er response diagram obtaining voltmeter dial plate image, including:
The color of described voltmeter dial plate image is converted to YCbCr color space from RGB color；
Utilize red color component value and luminance component to carry out Difference Calculation, obtain the colour-difference component of correspondence；
Described colour-difference component is carried out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION, obtains the Ha Er response of voltmeter dial plate image
Figure.
Preferably, in above-mentioned number reading method, described described colour-difference component is carried out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION,
The process of the Ha Er response diagram obtaining voltmeter dial plate image includes:
With predetermined angle as step-length, described colour-difference component is rotated, and to each anglec of rotation
Colour-difference partial image once travels through, and is calculated the Ha Er response value of each pixel；
Choose each described pixel maximum Ha Er response value under different rotary angle successively, and will
The Ha Er response value of described maximum is as the final Ha Er response value of this pixel；
The final Ha Er response value of each described pixel is combined, forms the Kazakhstan of voltmeter dial plate image
That response diagram.
Each local maximum preferably, in above-mentioned number reading method, in described acquisition described Ha Er response diagram
The process of value point includes:
Travel through described Ha Er response diagram, search the Ha Er response value pixel more than described threshold value；
Successively in the local neighborhood of each described pixel, it is judged that the Ha Er response value that this pixel is corresponding
Whether it is Local modulus maxima；
If it is, pixel and Local modulus maxima are stored with the form of corresponding relation.
Preferably, in above-mentioned number reading method, described to each described Local modulus maxima employing fitting a straight line side
Method obtains each initial straight, is fitted revising to each described initial straight according to described threshold value, obtains
One group of straight line, using straight line maximum for the Ha Er response value sum of pixel in each described straight line as voltmeter
The process of the cursor line in dial plate image includes:
Use stochastic sampling unification algorism, from all Local modulus maximas, the most optionally two of which office
Portion's maximum point carries out fitting a straight line, obtains initial straight；
Utilize the remaining distance to the described initial straight Local modulus maxima less than described threshold value, to institute
State initial straight to be fitted revising, obtain candidate's straight line；
After described Local modulus maxima traversal is terminated, by all candidate's straight line set, comprised many
One group of straight line of bar candidate's straight line；
Calculate the Ha Er response value sum of pixel on every described straight line successively, and described Ha Er is responded
Value sum is as the confidence level of this straight line, and using straight line the highest for confidence level as in voltmeter dial plate image
Cursor line.
A kind of frame of reference of voltmeter, including:
Dial plate image acquisition unit, is used for obtaining voltmeter image, according to the gradient angle of voltmeter dial plate
Descriptor information, carries out template-matching operation to described voltmeter image, obtains voltmeter dial plate image；
Ha Er response unit, carries out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION for described voltmeter dial plate image, obtains voltage
The Ha Er response diagram of table dial plate image；
Statistic unit, for carrying out histogram information to each Ha Er response value in described Ha Er response diagram
Statistics, it is default for finding the Ha Er response value quantity of high numerical value and accounting for the percentage ratio of Ha Er response value total quantity
The quantile of percentage ratio, using Ha Er response value corresponding for described quantile as threshold value；
Local modulus maxima acquiring unit, for obtaining each local maximum in described Ha Er response diagram
Point；
Cursor line acquiring unit, for using line fitting method to obtain respectively each described Local modulus maxima
Individual initial straight, is fitted revising to each described initial straight according to described threshold value, obtains one group of straight line,
Using straight line maximum for the Ha Er response value sum of pixel in each described straight line as in voltmeter dial plate image
Cursor line；
Temperature value reads unit, for according to described cursor line and training stage in advance at voltmeter dial plate
The calibration points of image tagged, determines the scale value that described cursor line is pointed to；
Alarm Unit, for judge scale value that described cursor line points to whether within preset range, as
The most no, outputting alarm signal.
Preferably, in above-mentioned frame of reference, described Ha Er response unit, including:
Color conversion subelement, for turning the color of described voltmeter dial plate image from RGB color
It is changed to YCbCr color space；
Difference diagram converting unit, is used for utilizing red color component value and luminance component to carry out Difference Calculation, obtains
Corresponding colour-difference component；
Sub-response unit, for described colour-difference component is carried out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION, obtains voltmeter table
The Ha Er response diagram of dish image.
Preferably, in above-mentioned frame of reference, described sub-response unit includes:
Ha Er response value computing unit, for predetermined angle as step-length, is carried out described colour-difference component
Rotate, and the colour-difference partial image of each anglec of rotation is once traveled through, be calculated each pixel
The Ha Er response value of point；
Choose subelement, for choosing each described pixel maximum under different rotary angle successively
Ha Er response value, and using the Ha Er response value of described maximum as the final Ha Er response value of this pixel；
Combination subelement, for the final Ha Er response value of each described pixel being combined, forms electricity
The Ha Er response diagram of pressure table dial plate image.
Preferably, in above-mentioned frame of reference, described Local modulus maxima acquiring unit includes:
Search subelement, be used for traveling through described Ha Er response diagram, search Ha Er response value more than described threshold value
Pixel；
Judgment sub-unit, for successively in the local neighborhood of each described pixel, it is judged that this pixel
Whether corresponding Ha Er response value is Local modulus maxima, if it is, perform storing sub-units；
Described storing sub-units, for carrying out pixel and Local modulus maxima with the form of corresponding relation
Storage.
Preferably, in above-mentioned frame of reference, described cursor line acquiring unit includes:
Fitting a straight line subelement, is used for using stochastic sampling unification algorism, from all Local modulus maximas,
The most optionally two of which Local modulus maxima carries out fitting a straight line, obtains initial straight；
Revise subelement, for utilizing the remaining distance to the described initial straight office less than described threshold value
Portion's maximum point, is fitted described initial straight revising, obtains candidate's straight line；
Set subelement, for after terminating described Local modulus maxima traversal, by all candidate's straight lines
Set, obtains comprising one group of straight line of a plurality of candidate's straight line；
Cursor line obtains subelement, for calculating the Ha Er response value of pixel on every described straight line successively
Sum, and using described Ha Er response value sum as the confidence level of this straight line, and by the highest for confidence level straight
Line is as the cursor line in voltmeter dial plate image.
From above-mentioned technical scheme it can be seen that the invention discloses the number reading method of a kind of voltmeter and be
System, according to geometric properties and the voltmeter dial plate half-tone information characteristic distributions of the cursor line of voltmeter, to electricity
Pressure table dial plate image carries out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION, obtains the Ha Er response diagram of correspondence, due to cursor line region
Having higher Ha Er response value relative to non-pointer region, therefore, Ha Er is rung by the present invention by rectangular histogram
The distribution that should be worth is added up, and using Ha Er response value corresponding for the quantile that meets preset requirement as threshold
Value, filters out the Local modulus maxima in Ha Er response diagram.Owing to the set of Local modulus maxima comprising
Have in cursor line that some are as the point of fitting a straight line, therefore, the present invention method by fitting a straight line, will
The straight line of Ha Er response value sum maximum is as the cursor line in voltmeter dial plate image, finally according to pointer
Line and training stage, in advance in the calibration points of voltmeter dial plate image tagged, obtain cursor line at voltmeter
The scale value pointed in dial plate image.It can be seen that the present invention is compared to existing technologies, it is not necessary to patrol and examine
Personnel go collection in worksite data, have therefore reached while completing patrol task, liberate manpower, reduce
The purpose of potential safety hazard.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to reality
Execute the required accompanying drawing used in example or description of the prior art to be briefly described, it should be apparent that below,
Accompanying drawing in description is only embodiments of the invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, not
On the premise of paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawing according to disclosed accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the number reading method flow chart of a kind of voltmeter disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the frame of reference of a kind of voltmeter disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out
Clearly and completely describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, and
It is not all, of embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing
Go out the every other embodiment obtained under creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses number reading method and the system of a kind of voltmeter, to realize patrolling and examining completing
While task, liberate manpower, reduce potential safety hazard.
The basic scheme of the present invention is: indicate state-detection demand based on voltmeter, it is first determined voltmeter
Position in the voltmeter image obtained；Then after voltmeter object determines, at voltmeter dial plate model
Enclose interior searching cursor line position；Finally according to dial reading rule, calculate voltmeter currently indicates state.
Concrete scheme is as follows:
See Fig. 1, the number reading method flow chart of a kind of voltmeter disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, including step:
Step S11, acquisition voltmeter image, according to the gradient angle descriptor information of voltmeter dial plate, right
Described voltmeter image carries out template-matching operation, obtains voltmeter dial plate image；
Wherein, voltmeter image uses video camera to obtain.
Gradient angle descriptor is a kind of feature describing image detail, obtains in the training stage.
The acquisition process of gradient angle descriptor is specific as follows:
(1) utilize video camera to obtain the training image of voltmeter, and obtain from this training image and only comprise
The dial plate subject area of voltmeter dial plate；
(2) application one piece and training image memory headroom of the same size, be used for depositing according to training image
The template image (i.e. Mask figure) obtained, this template image is a black and white binary image, white portion
Representing dial plate subject area, black region represents other background areas beyond dial plate subject area；
(3) for dial plate subject area, press from left to right, then order from top to bottom, calculate every successively
The Grad of individual pixel and angle value, thus obtain the gradient angle descriptor information of voltmeter dial plate,
And preserve to internal memory.
Step S12, described voltmeter dial plate image is carried out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION obtain voltmeter dial plate image
Ha Er response diagram；
It should be noted that the Lis Hartel in Ha Er response diagram levies (haar) by Ha Er template filled black district
Pixel value sum sum (black) that territory is covered fills, with white, pixel value sum sum (in vain) that region is covered
Difference represent:
Sum (black)-sum (in vain) or sum (in vain)-sum (black).
Step S13, according to described Ha Er response diagram obtain threshold value；
Concrete, each Ha Er response value in described Ha Er response diagram is carried out histogram information statistics,
Finding the Ha Er response value quantity of high numerical value and accounting for the percentage ratio of Ha Er response value total quantity is preset percentage
Quantile, using Ha Er response value corresponding for described quantile as threshold value；
Wherein, depending on the concrete foundation of the numerical value of preset percentage is actually needed, such as 75%, the present invention is at this
Do not limit.
Step S14, each Local modulus maxima obtained in described Ha Er response diagram；
It should be noted that step S13 and step S14 are in practical implementation, unfixing the most suitable
Sequence, can first carry out step S13, rear execution step S14, or first carries out step S14, performs step afterwards
S13, or two steps perform simultaneously.
Step S15, obtain the cursor line in voltmeter dial plate image according to Local modulus maxima and threshold value；
Concrete, use line fitting method to obtain each initial straight each described Local modulus maxima,
Be fitted each described initial straight revising according to described threshold value, obtain one group of straight line, by each described directly
The straight line that in line, the Ha Er response value sum of pixel is maximum is as the cursor line in voltmeter dial plate image.
Step S16, according to described cursor line and training stage in advance at the quarter of voltmeter dial plate image tagged
Degree point, determines the scale value that described cursor line is pointed to.
Wherein, when the calibration points semicircular in shape of described voltmeter dial plate or less than semicircular circle distribution,
Or the mode in a row or column is when being distributed, the cursor line now obtained is just through the scale on a dial plate
Point, scale value corresponding to this calibration points is the reading value that voltmeter is current, therefore, can pass through described in state
The position of cursor line and training stage directly determine electricity in the calibration points of voltmeter dial plate image tagged in advance
The reading (i.e. scale value) of pressure table.
When the calibration points of described voltmeter dial plate is rounded or more than semicircular circle distribution, now institute
State cursor line and may go through two scale values, therefore, the real scale corresponding in order to determine described pointer
Value it needs to be determined that the direction of pointer, be directed to this, described step S16 specifically may include that step S161,
Step S162 and step S163；
Step S161, the start position obtaining cursor line and final position；
Concrete, obtain and be perpendicular to the continuous print of described cursor line and Ha Er response value more than described threshold value
The number of pixel, using the position of the cursor line with most pixel as the start position of pointer, will
There is the final position as pointer, the position of minimum pixel；Or in the described cursor line of random intercepting
Two different location points, are designated as primary importance point and second position point, obtain and are perpendicular to described cursor line
And through the continuous print Ha Er response value on the straight line of described primary importance point and second position point more than described
The number of the pixel of threshold value, it is judged that the number of the pixel corresponding with described primary importance point and second
Put a size for the number of corresponding pixel, using less for pixel quantity location point as end of pointer
Point position, using a fairly large number of for pixel location point as the start position of pointer.
Step S162, according to described start position and described final position, be calculated described cursor line
Slope and intercept；
Step S163, according to the training stage in advance in the calibration points of voltmeter dial plate image tagged, and refer to
The parameter information of needlework, is calculated the scale value that described cursor line is pointed in voltmeter dial plate image.
The parameter information of cursor line includes: start position, final position, slope and intercept.
Wherein, the training stage in the process of voltmeter dial plate image tagged calibration points is: in the instruction of voltmeter
Practice the calibration points in labelling dial plate on image, and the position of each calibration points is carried out record, then, according to
The calibration points of labelling, is manually entered the scale value of correspondence, and preserves.
Step S17, judge scale value that described cursor line points to whether within preset range, if it does not,
Perform step S18；
User can set rational preset range according to self-demand；
Step S18, outputting alarm signal.
In summary it can be seen, the present invention is grey according to geometric properties and the voltmeter dial plate of the cursor line of voltmeter
Degree information distribution feature, carries out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION to voltmeter dial plate image, and the Ha Er obtaining correspondence rings
Ying Tu, preliminary filter background disturbs；Owing to there is higher Ha Er in cursor line region relative to non-pointer region
Response value, therefore, the distribution of Ha Er response value is added up by the present invention by rectangular histogram, and will meet
Ha Er response value corresponding to the quantile of preset requirement, as threshold value, filters out the local in Ha Er response diagram
Maximum point, further filter background disturbs；Owing to the set of Local modulus maxima including cursor line
Above some are as the point of fitting a straight line, therefore, the present invention method by fitting a straight line, are responded by Ha Er
The straight line of value sum maximum is as the cursor line in voltmeter dial plate image, finally according to cursor line and training
Stage, in advance in the calibration points of voltmeter dial plate image tagged, obtains cursor line in voltmeter dial plate image
The scale value pointed to, the outputting alarm signal when the scale value that cursor line is pointed to is excessive.It can be seen that this
Invention is compared to existing technologies, it is not necessary to patrol officer goes collection in worksite data, has therefore reached to complete
While patrol task, liberate manpower, reduce the purpose of potential safety hazard.
For optimizing above-described embodiment further, step S12 specifically includes:
Step S121, by the color of voltmeter dial plate image from RGB (RGB) color space conversion it is
YCbCr color space；
Wherein, YCbCr sometimes can be written as: YCBCR or Y'CBCR, is the one of color space
Kind, it will usually the image continuous processing in film, or in digital photographic systems.Y' is the bright of color
Degree (luma) composition CB and CR is then blue and red concentration excursion amount composition.Y' and Y is not
With, and Y is exactly so-called lumen, represents the concentration of light and be non-linear, use gamma-corrected (gamma
Correction) coded treatment.
Step S122, utilize red color component value and luminance component to carry out Difference Calculation, obtain the color of correspondence
Difference diagram；
Step S123, described colour-difference component is carried out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION, obtain voltmeter dial plate image
Ha Er response diagram.
For optimizing above-described embodiment further, step S123 specifically includes:
Step S1231, with predetermined angle as step-length, described colour-difference component is rotated, and to each
The colour-difference partial image of the anglec of rotation once travels through, and is calculated the Ha Er response value of each pixel；
Depending on the concrete foundation of the numerical value of described predetermined angle is actually needed, such as 10 °.
It should be noted that the voltmeter pointer of actual substation field may point to arbitrarily angled, in order to
Can allow cursor line and Ha Er template matching, with predetermined angle as step-length, described colour-difference component can be entered
Row rotates, and once travels through the colour-difference partial image of each anglec of rotation, is calculated each picture
The Ha Er response value of vegetarian refreshments.
Step S1232, choose each described pixel maximum Ha Er under different rotary angle successively and ring
Should be worth, and using the Ha Er response value of described maximum as the final Ha Er response value of this pixel；
Step S1233, the final Ha Er response value of each described pixel is combined, forms voltmeter table
The Ha Er response diagram of dish image.
For optimizing above-described embodiment further, step S14 specifically includes:
Step S141, traversal Ha Er response diagram, search the Ha Er response value pixel more than threshold value；
Step S142, successively in the local neighborhood of each described pixel, it is judged that this pixel is corresponding
Whether Ha Er response value is Local modulus maxima, if it is, perform step S143；
Step S143, pixel and Local modulus maxima are stored with the form of corresponding relation.
It should be noted that when the Ha Er response value that pixel is corresponding is not Local modulus maxima, then arrange
Except this pixel.
For optimizing above-described embodiment further, step S15 specifically includes:
Step S151, employing stochastic sampling unification algorism, from all Local modulus maximas, the most optionally
Two of which Local modulus maxima carries out fitting a straight line, obtains initial straight；
Wherein, stochastic sampling unification algorism (RANdom Sample Consensus, RANSAC) is one
Plant according to one group of sample data set comprising abnormal data, calculate the mathematical model parameter of data, obtain
The algorithm of effective sample data.
The basic assumption of RANSAC algorithm is to comprise just data in sample (inliers can be described by model
Data), also comprise abnormal data (outliers, deviation normal range is far, cannot adapt to mathematical model
Data), i.e. containing noise in data set.These abnormal datas are likely due to the measurement of mistake, mistake
Assume, the calculating etc. of mistake produces.RANSAC also assumes that simultaneously, given one group of correct data,
Existence can calculate the method for the model parameter meeting these data.
Step S152, utilize the remaining distance to described initial straight less than the local maximum of described threshold value
Value point, is fitted described initial straight revising, obtains candidate's straight line；
Wherein, by judging that the Local modulus maxima distance to initial straight, whether less than threshold value, judges
Whether this Local modulus maxima is in initial straight.
Step S153, to described Local modulus maxima traversal terminate after, by all candidate's straight line set,
Obtain comprising one group of straight line of a plurality of candidate's straight line；
Step S154, calculate the Ha Er response value sum of pixel on every described straight line successively, and by institute
State the Ha Er response value sum confidence level as this straight line, and using straight line the highest for confidence level as voltmeter
Cursor line in dial plate image.
In summary it can be seen, the present invention is grey according to geometric properties and the voltmeter dial plate of the cursor line of voltmeter
Degree information distribution feature, carries out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION to the voltmeter dial plate after carrying out color space conversion,
Obtaining the Ha Er response diagram of correspondence, preliminary filter background disturbs；Owing to cursor line region is relative to non-pointer
There is higher Ha Er response value in region, and therefore, the distribution of Ha Er response value is entered by the present invention by rectangular histogram
Row statistics, and using Ha Er response value corresponding for the quantile that meets preset requirement as threshold value, filter out Kazakhstan
Local modulus maxima in your response diagram, further filter background disturbs；Collection due to Local modulus maxima
Including in conjunction in cursor line that some are as the point of fitting a straight line, therefore, the present invention is by fitting a straight line
Method, using straight line maximum for Ha Er response value sum as the cursor line in voltmeter dial plate image, finally
Start position, final position, slope, intercept and training stage according to cursor line are in advance at voltmeter
The calibration points of dial plate image tagged, obtains the scale value that cursor line is pointed in voltmeter dial plate image.Can
To find out, the present invention is compared to existing technologies, it is not necessary to patrol officer goes collection in worksite data, therefore reaches
To while completing patrol task, liberate manpower, reduce the purpose of potential safety hazard.
Corresponding with said method embodiment, the invention also discloses the frame of reference of a kind of voltmeter.
See Fig. 2, the structural representation of the frame of reference of a kind of voltmeter disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, bag
Include:
Dial plate image acquisition unit 21, is used for obtaining voltmeter image, according to the gradient angle of voltmeter dial plate
Degree descriptor information, carries out template-matching operation to described voltmeter image, obtains voltmeter dial plate image；
Wherein, voltmeter image uses video camera to obtain.
Gradient angle descriptor is a kind of feature describing image detail, obtains in the training stage.
The acquisition process of gradient angle descriptor is specific as follows:
(1) utilize video camera to obtain the training image of voltmeter, and obtain from this training image and only comprise
The dial plate subject area of voltmeter dial plate；
(2) application one piece and training image memory headroom of the same size, be used for depositing according to training image
The template image (i.e. Mask figure) obtained, this template image is a black and white binary image, white portion
Representing dial plate subject area, black region represents other background areas beyond dial plate subject area；
(3) for dial plate subject area, press from left to right, then order from top to bottom, calculate every successively
The Grad of individual pixel and angle value, thus obtain the gradient angle descriptor information of voltmeter dial plate,
And preserve to internal memory.
Ha Er response unit 22, carries out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION for described voltmeter dial plate image, obtains electricity
The Ha Er response diagram of pressure table dial plate image；
It should be noted that the Lis Hartel in Ha Er response diagram levies (haar) by Ha Er template filled black district
Pixel value sum sum (black) that territory is covered fills, with white, pixel value sum sum (in vain) that region is covered
Difference represent:
Sum (black)-sum (in vain) or sum (in vain)-sum (black).
Statistic unit 23, for carrying out rectangular histogram letter to each Ha Er response value in described Ha Er response diagram
Breath statistics, it is pre-for finding the Ha Er response value quantity of high numerical value and accounting for the percentage ratio of Ha Er response value total quantity
If the quantile of percentage ratio, using Ha Er response value corresponding for described quantile as threshold value；
Wherein, depending on the concrete foundation of the numerical value of preset percentage is actually needed, such as 75%, the present invention is at this
Do not limit.
Local modulus maxima acquiring unit 24, for obtaining each local maximum in described Ha Er response diagram
Value point；
Cursor line acquiring unit 25, for using line fitting method to obtain each described Local modulus maxima
Each initial straight, is fitted each described initial straight revising according to described threshold value, obtain one group straight
Line, using straight line maximum for the Ha Er response value sum of pixel in each described straight line as voltmeter dial plate figure
Cursor line in Xiang；
Temperature value reads unit 26, for according to described cursor line and training stage in advance at voltmeter table
The calibration points of dish image tagged, determines the scale value that described cursor line is pointed to；
Wherein, when the calibration points semicircular in shape of described voltmeter dial plate or less than semicircular circle distribution,
Or the mode in a row or column is when being distributed, the cursor line now obtained is just through the scale on a dial plate
Point, scale value corresponding to this calibration points is the reading value that voltmeter is current, and therefore, temperature value reads single
Unit 26 states the position of cursor line and training stage in advance in voltmeter dial plate image tagged described in can passing through
Calibration points directly determines the reading (i.e. scale value) of voltmeter.
When the calibration points of described voltmeter dial plate is rounded or more than semicircular circle distribution, now institute
State cursor line and may go through two scale values, therefore, the real scale corresponding in order to determine described pointer
Value, it needs to be determined that the direction of pointer, is directed to this, and described temperature value reads unit 26 and specifically may include that
Pointer position acquiring unit the 261, first computing unit 262 and the second computing unit 263；
Described pointer position acquiring unit 261, for obtaining continuous print and the Ha Er being perpendicular to described cursor line
Response value more than the number of pixel of described threshold value, using there is most pixel position as pointer
Start position, using the position with minimum pixel as the final position of pointer；
Described first computing unit 262, for according to described start position and described final position, calculates
Slope and intercept to described cursor line；
Described second computing unit 263, is used for according to the training stage in advance in voltmeter dial plate image tagged
Calibration points, and described start position, described final position, described slope and described intercept, calculate
The scale value pointed in voltmeter dial plate image to described cursor line.
Wherein, the training stage in the process of voltmeter dial plate image tagged calibration points is: in the instruction of voltmeter
Practice the calibration points in labelling dial plate on image, and the position of each calibration points is carried out record, then, according to
The calibration points of labelling, is manually entered the scale value of correspondence, and preserves.
In order to optimize above-described embodiment further, in said system, it is also possible to including:
Alarm Unit 27, for judge scale value that described cursor line points to whether in preset range, as
The most no, outputting alarm signal.
In summary it can be seen, the present invention is grey according to geometric properties and the voltmeter dial plate of the cursor line of voltmeter
Degree information distribution feature, carries out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION to the voltmeter dial plate after carrying out color space conversion,
Obtaining the Ha Er response diagram of correspondence, preliminary filter background disturbs；Owing to cursor line region is relative to non-pointer
There is higher Ha Er response value in region, and therefore, the distribution of Ha Er response value is entered by the present invention by rectangular histogram
Row statistics, and using Ha Er response value corresponding for the quantile that meets preset requirement as threshold value, filter out Kazakhstan
Local modulus maxima in your response diagram, further filter background disturbs；Collection due to Local modulus maxima
Including in conjunction in cursor line that some are as the point of fitting a straight line, therefore, the present invention is by fitting a straight line
Method, using straight line maximum for Ha Er response value sum as the cursor line in voltmeter dial plate image, finally
According to cursor line and training stage in advance in the calibration points of voltmeter dial plate image tagged, obtain cursor line
The scale value pointed in voltmeter dial plate image, when the scale value not preset range that described cursor line is pointed to
In, outputting alarm signal.It can be seen that the present invention is compared to existing technologies, it is not necessary to patrol officer goes
Collection in worksite data, have therefore reached while completing patrol task, liberate manpower, reduce safety hidden
The purpose suffered from.
For optimizing above-described embodiment further, Ha Er response unit 22 includes:
Color conversion subelement 221, for empty from RGB color by the color of described voltmeter dial plate image
Between be converted to YCbCr color space；
First computation subunit 222, is used for utilizing red color component value and luminance component to carry out Difference Calculation,
To corresponding colour-difference component；
Sub-response unit 223, for described colour-difference component is carried out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION, obtains voltmeter
The Ha Er response diagram of dial plate image..
For optimizing above-described embodiment further, sub-response unit 223 includes:
Second computation subunit 2231, for predetermined angle as step-length, is carried out described colour-difference component
Rotate, and the colour-difference partial image of each anglec of rotation is once traveled through, be calculated each pixel
The Ha Er response value of point；
Depending on the concrete foundation of the numerical value of predetermined angle is actually needed, such as 10 °.
It should be noted that the voltmeter pointer of actual substation field may point to arbitrarily angled, in order to
Can allow cursor line and Ha Er template matching, with predetermined angle as step-length, described colour-difference component can be entered
Row rotates, and once travels through the colour-difference partial image of each anglec of rotation, is calculated each picture
The Ha Er response value of vegetarian refreshments.
Choose subelement 2232, for choosing each described pixel successively under different rotary angle
Big Ha Er response value, and the Ha Er response value of described maximum is responded as the final Ha Er of this pixel
Value；
Combination subelement 2233, for the final Ha Er response value of each described pixel is combined, shape
Become the Ha Er response diagram of voltmeter dial plate image.
For optimizing above-described embodiment further, Local modulus maxima acquiring unit 24 includes:
Search subelement 241, be used for traveling through described Ha Er response diagram, search Ha Er response value more than described threshold
The pixel of value；
Judgment sub-unit 242, for successively in the local neighborhood of each described pixel, it is judged that this pixel
Whether the Ha Er response value that point is corresponding is Local modulus maxima, if it is, perform storing sub-units 243；
Storing sub-units 243, for depositing pixel and Local modulus maxima with the form of corresponding relation
Storage.
It should be noted that when the Ha Er response value that pixel is corresponding is not Local modulus maxima, then arrange
Except this pixel.
For optimizing above-described embodiment further, cursor line acquiring unit 25 includes:
Fitting a straight line subelement 251, is used for using stochastic sampling unification algorism, from all Local modulus maximas
In, the most optionally two of which Local modulus maxima carries out fitting a straight line, obtains initial straight；
Wherein, stochastic sampling unification algorism (RANdom Sample Consensus, RANSAC) is one
Plant according to one group of sample data set comprising abnormal data, calculate the mathematical model parameter of data, obtain
The algorithm of effective sample data.
The basic assumption of RANSAC algorithm is to comprise just data in sample (inliers can be described by model
Data), also comprise abnormal data (outliers, deviation normal range is far, cannot adapt to mathematical model
Data), i.e. containing noise in data set.These abnormal datas are likely due to the measurement of mistake, mistake
Assume, the calculating etc. of mistake produces.RANSAC also assumes that simultaneously, given one group of correct data,
Existence can calculate the method for the model parameter meeting these data.
Revise subelement 252, for utilizing the remaining distance to described initial straight less than described threshold value
Local modulus maxima, is fitted described initial straight revising, obtains candidate's straight line；
Wherein, by judging that the Local modulus maxima distance to initial straight, whether less than threshold value, judges
Whether this Local modulus maxima is in initial straight.
Set subelement 253, for after terminating described Local modulus maxima traversal, by straight for all candidates
Line set, obtains comprising one group of straight line of a plurality of candidate's straight line；
Cursor line obtains subelement 254, for calculating the Ha Er response of pixel on every described straight line successively
Value sum, and using described Ha Er response value sum as the confidence level of this straight line and confidence level is the highest
Straight line is as the cursor line in voltmeter dial plate image.
In summary it can be seen, the present invention is grey according to geometric properties and the voltmeter dial plate of the cursor line of voltmeter
Degree information distribution feature, carries out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION to the voltmeter dial plate after carrying out color space conversion,
Obtaining the Ha Er response diagram of correspondence, preliminary filter background disturbs；Owing to cursor line region is relative to non-pointer
There is higher Ha Er response value in region, and therefore, the distribution of Ha Er response value is entered by the present invention by rectangular histogram
Row statistics, and using Ha Er response value corresponding for the quantile that meets preset requirement as threshold value, filter out Kazakhstan
Local modulus maxima in your response diagram, further filter background disturbs；Collection due to Local modulus maxima
Including in conjunction in cursor line that some are as the point of fitting a straight line, therefore, the present invention is by fitting a straight line
Method, using straight line maximum for Ha Er response value sum as the cursor line in voltmeter dial plate image, finally
Start position, final position, slope, intercept and training stage according to cursor line are in advance at voltmeter
The calibration points of dial plate image tagged, obtains the scale value that cursor line is pointed in voltmeter dial plate image.Can
To find out, the present invention is compared to existing technologies, it is not necessary to patrol officer goes collection in worksite data, therefore reaches
To while completing patrol task, liberate manpower, reduce the purpose of potential safety hazard.
It should be noted that in system embodiment, the specific works principle of each ingredient refers to method
Embodiment corresponding part, here is omitted.
Finally, in addition it is also necessary to explanation, in this article, the relational terms of such as first and second or the like
It is used merely to separate an entity or operation with another entity or operating space, and not necessarily requires
Or imply relation or the order that there is any this reality between these entities or operation.And, art
Language " includes ", " comprising " or its any other variant are intended to comprising of nonexcludability, thus
Make to include that the process of a series of key element, method, article or equipment not only include those key elements, and
Also include other key elements being not expressly set out, or also include for this process, method, article or
The key element that person's equipment is intrinsic.In the case of there is no more restriction, by statement " including ... "
The key element limited, it is not excluded that also deposit in including the process of described key element, method, article or equipment
In other identical element.
In this specification, each embodiment uses the mode gone forward one by one to describe, and each embodiment stresses
Being the difference with other embodiments, between each embodiment, identical similar portion sees mutually.
Described above to the disclosed embodiments, makes professional and technical personnel in the field be capable of or uses
The present invention.Multiple amendment to these embodiments will be aobvious and easy for those skilled in the art
See, generic principles defined herein can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention,
Realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein,
And it is to fit to the widest scope consistent with principles disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (10)
1. the number reading method of a voltmeter, it is characterised in that including:
Obtain voltmeter image, according to the gradient angle descriptor information of voltmeter dial plate, to described voltage
Table image carries out template-matching operation, obtains voltmeter dial plate image；
Described voltmeter dial plate image is carried out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION and obtains the Ha Er sound of voltmeter dial plate image
Ying Tu；
Each Ha Er response value in described Ha Er response diagram is carried out histogram information statistics, finds height
The Ha Er response value quantity of numerical value accounts for point position that percentage ratio is preset percentage of Ha Er response value total quantity
Point, using Ha Er response value corresponding for described quantile as threshold value；
Obtain each Local modulus maxima in described Ha Er response diagram；
Line fitting method is used to obtain each initial straight, according to described each described Local modulus maxima
Each described initial straight is fitted revising by threshold value, obtains one group of straight line, by pixel in each described straight line
The straight line of the Ha Er response value sum maximum of point is as the cursor line in voltmeter dial plate image；
According to described cursor line and training stage in advance in the calibration points of voltmeter dial plate image tagged, really
The scale value that fixed described cursor line is pointed to；
Judge scale value that described cursor line points to whether within preset range, if it does not, outputting alarm
Signal.
Number reading method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to described voltmeter table
Dish image carries out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION and obtains the Ha Er response diagram of voltmeter dial plate image, including:
The color of described voltmeter dial plate image is converted to YCbCr color space from RGB color；
Utilize red color component value and luminance component to carry out Difference Calculation, obtain the colour-difference component of correspondence；
Described colour-difference component is carried out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION, obtains the Ha Er response of voltmeter dial plate image
Figure.
Number reading method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described to described color difference
Figure carries out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION, and the process of the Ha Er response diagram obtaining voltmeter dial plate image includes:
With predetermined angle as step-length, described colour-difference component is rotated, and to each anglec of rotation
Colour-difference partial image once travels through, and is calculated the Ha Er response value of each pixel；
Choose each described pixel maximum Ha Er response value under different rotary angle successively, and will
The Ha Er response value of described maximum is as the final Ha Er response value of this pixel；
The final Ha Er response value of each described pixel is combined, forms the Kazakhstan of voltmeter dial plate image
That response diagram.
Number reading method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described Ha Er of described acquisition rings
Should the process of each Local modulus maxima in figure include:
Travel through described Ha Er response diagram, search the Ha Er response value pixel more than described threshold value；
Successively in the local neighborhood of each described pixel, it is judged that the Ha Er response value that this pixel is corresponding
Whether it is Local modulus maxima；
If it is, pixel and Local modulus maxima are stored with the form of corresponding relation.
Number reading method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to each described local pole
Big value point uses line fitting method to obtain each initial straight, according to described threshold value to each described initial straight
Line is fitted revising, and obtains one group of straight line, by the Ha Er response value sum of pixel in each described straight line
Maximum straight line includes as the process of the cursor line in voltmeter dial plate image:
Use stochastic sampling unification algorism, from all Local modulus maximas, the most optionally two of which office
Portion's maximum point carries out fitting a straight line, obtains initial straight；
Utilize the remaining distance to the described initial straight Local modulus maxima less than described threshold value, to institute
State initial straight to be fitted revising, obtain candidate's straight line；
After described Local modulus maxima traversal is terminated, by all candidate's straight line set, comprised many
One group of straight line of bar candidate's straight line；
Calculate the Ha Er response value sum of pixel on every described straight line successively, and described Ha Er is responded
Value sum is as the confidence level of this straight line, and using straight line the highest for confidence level as in voltmeter dial plate image
Cursor line.
6. the frame of reference of a voltmeter, it is characterised in that including:
Dial plate image acquisition unit, is used for obtaining voltmeter image, according to the gradient angle of voltmeter dial plate
Descriptor information, carries out template-matching operation to described voltmeter image, obtains voltmeter dial plate image；
Ha Er response unit, carries out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION for described voltmeter dial plate image, obtains voltage
The Ha Er response diagram of table dial plate image；
Statistic unit, for carrying out histogram information to each Ha Er response value in described Ha Er response diagram
Statistics, it is default for finding the Ha Er response value quantity of high numerical value and accounting for the percentage ratio of Ha Er response value total quantity
The quantile of percentage ratio, using Ha Er response value corresponding for described quantile as threshold value；
Local modulus maxima acquiring unit, for obtaining each local maximum in described Ha Er response diagram
Point；
Cursor line acquiring unit, for using line fitting method to obtain respectively each described Local modulus maxima
Individual initial straight, is fitted revising to each described initial straight according to described threshold value, obtains one group of straight line,
Using straight line maximum for the Ha Er response value sum of pixel in each described straight line as in voltmeter dial plate image
Cursor line；
Temperature value reads unit, for according to described cursor line and training stage in advance at voltmeter dial plate
The calibration points of image tagged, determines the scale value that described cursor line is pointed to；
Alarm Unit, for judge scale value that described cursor line points to whether within preset range, as
The most no, outputting alarm signal.
Frame of reference the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described Ha Er response unit,
Including:
Color conversion subelement, for turning the color of described voltmeter dial plate image from RGB color
It is changed to YCbCr color space；
Difference diagram converting unit, is used for utilizing red color component value and luminance component to carry out Difference Calculation, obtains
Corresponding colour-difference component；
Sub-response unit, for described colour-difference component is carried out Ha Er RESPONSE CALCULATION, obtains voltmeter table
The Ha Er response diagram of dish image.
Frame of reference the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described sub-response unit includes:
Ha Er response value computing unit, for predetermined angle as step-length, is carried out described colour-difference component
Rotate, and the colour-difference partial image of each anglec of rotation is once traveled through, be calculated each pixel
The Ha Er response value of point；
Choose subelement, for choosing each described pixel maximum under different rotary angle successively
Ha Er response value, and using the Ha Er response value of described maximum as the final Ha Er response value of this pixel；
Combination subelement, for the final Ha Er response value of each described pixel being combined, forms electricity
The Ha Er response diagram of pressure table dial plate image.
Frame of reference the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described Local modulus maxima obtains
Take unit to include:
Search subelement, be used for traveling through described Ha Er response diagram, search Ha Er response value more than described threshold value
Pixel；
Judgment sub-unit, for successively in the local neighborhood of each described pixel, it is judged that this pixel
Whether corresponding Ha Er response value is Local modulus maxima, if it is, perform storing sub-units；
Described storing sub-units, for carrying out pixel and Local modulus maxima with the form of corresponding relation
Storage.
Frame of reference the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described cursor line obtains single
Unit includes:
Fitting a straight line subelement, is used for using stochastic sampling unification algorism, from all Local modulus maximas,
The most optionally two of which Local modulus maxima carries out fitting a straight line, obtains initial straight；
Revise subelement, for utilizing the remaining distance to the described initial straight office less than described threshold value
Portion's maximum point, is fitted described initial straight revising, obtains candidate's straight line；
Set subelement, for after terminating described Local modulus maxima traversal, by all candidate's straight lines
Set, obtains comprising one group of straight line of a plurality of candidate's straight line；
Cursor line obtains subelement, for calculating the Ha Er response value of pixel on every described straight line successively
Sum, and using described Ha Er response value sum as the confidence level of this straight line, and by the highest for confidence level straight
Line is as the cursor line in voltmeter dial plate image.
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