CN105866383A - Instrument for measuring expansibility under humid-control environment - Google Patents
Instrument for measuring expansibility under humid-control environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN105866383A CN105866383A CN201610383175.4A CN201610383175A CN105866383A CN 105866383 A CN105866383 A CN 105866383A CN 201610383175 A CN201610383175 A CN 201610383175A CN 105866383 A CN105866383 A CN 105866383A
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- screw rod
- cutting ring
- knob
- fixing device
- soil sample
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an instrument for measuring expansibility under a humid-control environment and relates to a geotechnical engineering test instrument. The instrument comprises a soil sample (00) and is provided with a fixing device (10), a measuring device (20) and an environment device (30), wherein the soil sample (00) is arranged in the fixing device (10); the fixing device (10) is arranged in the environment device (30); the fixing device (10) is connected with the measuring device (20). Compared with the prior art, the instrument provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that (1) the constant volume of the soil sample in the whole test process is guaranteed, (2) the pressure sensor has the advantages of high precision and large range and the accuracy of the test result is promoted and (3) the expansibility of the soil sample under different humidity environments can be measured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Geotechnical Engineering test apparatus, particularly relate to a kind of instrument controlled and measure expansive force under wet environment, suitable
For there being expansile soil (swelled ground).
Background technology
Swelled ground has distribution, widely dispersed in several provinces and cities of China ten.Bentonite water-swellable softens, dehydration is received
Contracting dry and cracked, engineering properties is complicated and changeable and is difficult to hold, and often results in the Geotechnical Engineering disaster that bentonite location is numerous.So
And, the soil body of nature is the most all unsaturated state, and it is improper for only evaluating Practical Project with the expansive force of saturation.
Therefore, the most accurately measure soil body expansive force under unsaturated state to have very important significance.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the shortcoming and defect overcoming prior art to exist, it is provided that measure swollen under a kind of control wet environment
Its expansive force measured under different humidity environment by the instrument of expansive force, the i.e. soil body, it is adaptable to all kinds of expansions with dilative soil
Power is tested.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
The instrument that the present invention provides can carry out swollen at different humidity environment in the case of keeping the change of soil sample body negligible
The measurement of expansive force；And utilize high-precision pressure sensor to improve the method that unsaturated soil expansive force is measured, carry for measuring expansive force
For a new approach, provide trust reliable foundation for solving geotechnical engineering problems.
Specifically, this instrument includes measurand soil sample；
It is provided with fixing device, measurement apparatus and environmental device；
Soil sample is placed in fixing device, and fixing device is placed in environmental device, and fixing device and measurement apparatus connect.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the advantages that and beneficial effect:
1. ensure that soil sample constancy of volume in whole process of the test；
2. pressure transducer has the advantage that precision is high, range is big, improves the precision of result of the test；
3. soil sample expansive force under different humidity environment can be measured.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of fixing device；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of firm banking.
In figure:
00 soil sample.
10 fixing devices,
11 firm bankings,
111 air inlets, 112 ventholes, 113 installing holes, 114 storage rooms,
1151 small circular grooves, 1152 big circular grooves；
12 circular steel columns,
121 steel column screw rods, 122 table folders；
13 square beams with holes；
14 knobs,
141 screw rod retainer ring, 142 knob screw rods,
151 times permeable stones, 152 upper dankness stones；
Cylinder fixed by 16 cutting rings；
17 cutting rings；
M1 the 1st nut, M2 the 2nd nut, D1 the 1st pad, D2 the 2nd pad.
20 measurement apparatus,
21 pressure transducers；
22 digital display meters；
23 computers；
24 amesdials.
30 environmental devices,
31 vacuum desiccators, 311 glass covers, 312 glass jars, 313 medium pores；
32 porous porcelain plates；
33 saturated salt solutions.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe in detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
One, the structure of this instrument
1, overall
Such as Fig. 1, this instrument includes measurand soil sample 00；
It is provided with fixing device 10, measurement apparatus 20 and environmental device 30；
Soil sample 00 is placed in fixing device 10, and fixing device 10 is placed in environmental device 30, fixing device 10 and measurement apparatus 20
Connect.
2, functional part
0) soil sample 00
Soil sample 00 is undisturbed, is compacted sample, hits full pattern or mud sample.
1) fixing device 10
Such as Fig. 1,2,3, fixing device 10 includes firm banking 11, circular steel column 12, square beam with holes 13, knob 14, lower
Water stone 151, upper dankness stone 152, cutting ring fix cylinder 16, cutting ring the 17, the 1st nut M1, the 2nd nut M2, the 1st pad D1 and the 2nd pad
Sheet D2；
Its position and annexation be:
Firm banking 11 is connected by installing hole 113 with two circular steel columns 12, and square beam 13 with holes is placed on circular steel column 12
On the screw rod 121 of top, the 1st pad D1 and the 1st nut M1 is first placed on square beam 13 with holes, and is enclosed within screw rod 121
On；
Lower permeable stone 151 is placed in the small circular groove 1151 of base 11, and cutting ring is fixed cylinder 16 and is placed in big circular groove 1152
And on lower permeable stone 151, cutting ring 17 is placed in cutting ring and fixes in cylinder 16, and soil sample 00 is arranged in cutting ring 17, and upper dankness stone 152 is put
In soil sample 00；
Knob screw rod 142 is perpendicularly interposed in the middle hole of square beam 13 with holes, and screw rod retainer ring 141 is enclosed within knob screw rod
On 142, table folder 122 is placed on suitable height, respectively places the 2nd pad D2 and the 2nd nut M2.
Described firm banking 11 is a kind of metal nahlock, along its center axis, from top to bottom, is disposed with storage room
114, small circular groove 1151 and big circular groove 1152；The right and left at firm banking 11 is respectively perpendicular and is provided with installing hole
113；Before and after firm banking 11, both sides have been horizontally disposed with air inlet 111 and venthole 112 respectively；
Described circular steel column 12 is provided with screw rod 121 in the middle part of it, and top is provided with table folder 122；
Described square beam with holes 13 is a kind of steel square column, and its both sides are provided with installing hole, installing hole be interior volution and with
Screw rod 121 is adaptive, and its interstitial hole is interior volution and adaptive with knob screw rod 142；
Described knob 14 is provided with knob screw rod 142 and screw rod retainer ring 141, and screw rod retainer ring 141 is a kind of metal ring,
Its endoporus is volution and adaptive with knob screw rod 142；
Cylinder 16 fixed by described cutting ring is a kind of steel drum being used for fixing cutting ring, and its external diameter is fitted with big circular groove 1152
Joining, internal diameter is adaptive with the external diameter of cutting ring 17, and height is more than or equal to cutting ring 17；
Described cutting ring 17 is the steel instrument that a kind of laboratory is general, and its internal diameter is 61.8mm, and height is 20mm or 40mm；
Other functional parts above-mentioned are general part.
Its working mechanism is:
Firm banking 11 is positioned on horizontal bed, and firm banking 11, circular steel column 12 and square beam with holes 13 constitute one
Individual spatial skeleton, after fixing up and down, firm banking 11 and square beam 13 with holes can provide a fixed horizontal plane respectively,
Knob 14 can turn vertically, regulation needs fixing height, screw rod retainer ring 141 for fixed knob 14, to be monolithically fabricated
One fixing device that can regulate height, table folder 122 is used for fixing amesdial 24.
2) measurement apparatus 20
Such as Fig. 2, measurement apparatus 20 includes pressure transducer 21, digital display meter 22, computer 23 and amesdial 24；
Its position and annexation be:
Pressure transducer 21 is placed horizontally on upper dankness stone 152, the pressure cap on pressure transducer 21 top and knob screw rod
The bottom of 142 is in close contact, and is directed at its center；Pressure transducer 21, digital display meter 22 and computer 23 are sequentially connected with, amesdial
In the 24 vertical holes being vertically placed on table folder 122, and occupy the center on knob 14 top；
Pressure transducer 21, digital display meter 22, computer 23 and amesdial 24 are general functional part.
Its working mechanism is:
On the one hand, pressure transducer 21 is in close contact with knob screw rod 142, lower with soil sample 00 above upper dankness stone 152 tight
Contiguity is touched, and once soil sample 00 absorbs water or moisture absorption, will expand, and soil sample 00 surrounding is restricted i.e. to immobilize
, so can only extrude upper and lower permeable stone 152,151 because Expansion Potential release produces expansion, pressure reaches pressure transducer 21,
Pressure transducer 21 is squeezed, and its actual pressure value reaches digital display meter 22 by data wire, and the dial plate of digital display meter 22 shows i.e.
Time force value, the data of whole process all reach computer 23 by data wire, carry out adding up, analyze and drawing a diagram；
On the other hand, amesdial 24 is placed in the center of knob 14 end face, measures the vertical displacement of knob 14 with this, thus reaches inspection
Survey the purpose of constant volume method and dilatometer reliability.
3) environmental device 30
Such as Fig. 1, environmental device includes vacuum desiccator 31, porous porcelain plate 32, saturated salt solution 33；
Vacuum desiccator 31 includes glass cover 311 and the glass jar 312 being vertically connected with, and the center of top at glass cover 311 is arranged
There is medium pore 313；
Its position and annexation be:
Being contained with saturated salt solution 33 in the bottom of vacuum desiccator 31, the lower horizontal at vacuum desiccator 31 is placed with porous
Porcelain plate 32, fixing device 10 horizontal center is placed on porous porcelain plate 32, and pressure transducer 21 is by medium pore 313 and digital display meter
22 connect.
Its working mechanism is:
Vacuum desiccator 31 provides a confined space for whole test, places saturated salt solution 33 bottom it, and different is saturated
Saline solution can provide different humidity environments；The effect of porous porcelain plate 32 has two, on the one hand allows bottom saturated salt solution discharge
Dampness be full of whole test space, on the other hand provide a levelling bench for fixing device 10.
Two, using method
1. each part of inspection apparatus stands intact, and ensures the cleannes of a whole set of instrument, is placed on smooth by firm banking 11
On porous porcelain plate 32, two of band screw rod 121 circular steel columns 12 are vertically assigned in the installing hole 113 of firm banking 11；Band
The screw rod 121 of the installing hole alignment steel column at hole square beam 13 two ends vertically puts down, and level is laid；By the 1st pad D1 and the 1st spiral shell
Cap M1 is successively put in the screw rod 121 on square beam 13 with holes, tightens and makes crossbeam 13 fix and keep level, table folder 122 to be placed on
Suitably height, respectively places the 2nd pad D2 and the 2nd nut M2；
2. lower permeable stone 151 is placed horizontally in small circular groove 1151；Cutting ring is fixed cylinder 16 and is positioned over lower permeable stone 151
Top be placed in big circular groove 1152；Cutting ring 17 is placed cutting ring and fixes in cylinder 16, by the placement direction of cutting ring 17 be
Upwards, style 00 is the soil sample or undisturbed soil sample suppressed in cutting ring 17 in advance to the edge of a knife, respectively puts a filter paper；Upper permeable
Stone 152 is positioned over above soil sample 00, and makes its horizontal positioned；
3. pressure transducer 21 is placed horizontally on upper dankness stone 152, and makes pressure transducer 21 be put in upper dankness stone 152
Center；Pressure transducer 21 is accessed on digital display meter 22 by data wire, and digital display meter 22 accesses computer by data wire
23 and read data；
4. knob screw rod 142 is inserted perpendicularly into the middle hole of square beam 13 with holes, and turn knobs 14, is allowed to pass with pressure
The pressure cap contact of the upper end of sensor 21, and allow the center of knob screw rod 142 bottom be directed at the pressure of pressure transducer 21 upper end
Cap, it is to avoid deflection pressure；Opening digital display meter 22, now digital display meter 22 dial plate can show that initial pressure value 0, turn knobs 14 make rotation
Button screw rod 142 is in close contact further with the pressure cap of the upper end of pressure transducer 21, makes digital display meter 22 dial plate show certain
Force value, such as 10N(i.e. 3.33kPa), record now reading, and digital display meter 22 is reset；Screw rod retainer ring 141 is enclosed within knob
On screw rod 142, and tighten and make screw rod retainer ring 141 be in close contact with square beam 13 with holes；Amesdial 24 is vertically placed on table
Press from both sides in the vertical hole of 122, and occupy the center on knob 14 top, and give a starting force, indicators turn 5-as big in amesdial 24
10 scale division values, to ensure that amesdial 24 pointer contacts with knob 14, then make zero amesdial 24, measure knob 14 vertically on
The displacement risen, verifies the reliability of constant volume method and dilatometer with this；Pressure transducer 21 data wire is through glass cover 311 and number
Aobvious table is connected, and carries out the seal operation of glass cover；
5. saturated salt solution 33 can provide an ambient humidity stable, accurate in airtight vacuum desiccator 31, and makes
The humidity in whole space reaches balance, and different saturated salt solutions can provide different ambient humidities, air inlet 111 and venthole
The effect of 112 mainly allows storage room 114 and environment space UNICOM, to allow soil sample 00 top and bottom moisture absorption simultaneously, thus reaches
To time saving purpose；When in vacuum desiccator 31 or storage room 114 relative humidity is more than the relative humidity of soil sample, soil sample 00
Meeting moisture absorption, thus produce expansion, pressure transducer 21 can be experienced the pressure transmitted from the soil body 00 by the extruding of soil sample 00
Power, shows the expansive force currently shown by digital display meter 22, by computer 23 record whole pressure process changing value and
Draw corresponding chart.
Claims (4)
1. control the instrument measuring expansive force under wet environment, including soil sample (00)；It is characterized in that:
It is provided with fixing device (10), measurement apparatus (20) and environmental device (30)；
Soil sample (00) is placed in fixing device (10), in fixing device (10) is placed in environmental device (30), fixing device (10) and
Measurement apparatus (20) connects.
2. a kind of as described in claim 1 controls the instrument measuring expansive force under wet environment, it is characterised in that:
Described fixing device (10) includes firm banking (11), circular steel column (12), square beam with holes (13), knob
(14), lower permeable stone (151), upper dankness stone (152), cutting ring fix cylinder (16), cutting ring (17), the 1st nut (M1), the 2nd nut
(M2), the 1st pad (D1) and the 2nd pad (D2)；
Its position and annexation be:
Firm banking (11) is connected by installing hole (113) with two circular steel columns (12), and square beam with holes (13) is placed on circle
On the screw rod (121) of shape steel column (12) top, the 1st pad (D1) and the 1st nut (M1) are first placed on square beam with holes (13)
On, and be enclosed within screw rod (121)；
Lower permeable stone (151) is placed in the small circular groove (1151) of base (11), and cutting ring is fixed cylinder (16) and is placed in big circular recessed
In groove (1152) and on lower permeable stone (151), cutting ring (17) is placed in cutting ring and fixes in cylinder (16), and soil sample (00) is arranged on cutting ring
(17), in, upper dankness stone (152) is placed in soil sample 00；
Knob screw rod (142) is perpendicularly interposed in the middle of square beam with holes (13) in hole, and screw rod retainer ring (141) is enclosed within knob
On screw rod (142), table folder (122) is placed on suitable height, respectively places the 2nd pad (D2) and the 2nd nut (M2)；
Described firm banking (11) is a kind of metal nahlock, along its center axis, from top to bottom, is disposed with storage room
(114), small circular groove (1151) and big circular groove (1152)；The right and left at firm banking (11) is respectively perpendicular setting
There is installing hole (113)；Before and after firm banking (11), both sides have been horizontally disposed with air inlet (111) and venthole (112) respectively；
Described circular steel column (12) is provided with screw rod (121) in the middle part of it, and top is provided with table folder (122)；
Described square beam with holes (13) is a kind of steel square column, and its both sides are provided with installing hole, installing hole be interior volution and
Adaptive with screw rod (121), its interstitial hole is interior volution and adaptive with knob screw rod (142)；
Described knob (14) is provided with knob screw rod (142) and screw rod retainer ring (141), and screw rod retainer ring (141) is a kind of
Metal ring, its endoporus is volution and adaptive with knob screw rod (142)；
Cylinder (16) fixed by described cutting ring is a kind of steel drum being used for fixing cutting ring, its external diameter and big circular groove (1152)
Adaptation, internal diameter is adaptive with the external diameter of cutting ring (17), and height is more than or equal to cutting ring (17)；
Described cutting ring (17) is the steel instrument that a kind of laboratory is general, and its internal diameter is 61.8mm, height be 20mm or
40mm。
3. a kind of as described in claim 1 controls the instrument measuring expansive force under wet environment, it is characterised in that:
Described measurement apparatus (20) includes pressure transducer (21), digital display meter (22), computer (23)
With amesdial (24)；
Its position and annexation be:
Pressure transducer (21) is placed horizontally on upper dankness stone (152), the pressure cap on pressure transducer (21) top and rotation
The bottom of button screw rod (142) is in close contact, and is directed at its center；Pressure transducer (21), digital display meter (22) and computer (23)
Being sequentially connected with, amesdial (24) is vertically placed in the vertical hole of table folder (122), and occupy the center on knob (14) top.
4. a kind of as described in claim 1 controls the instrument measuring expansive force under wet environment, it is characterised in that:
Described environmental device includes vacuum desiccator (31), porous porcelain plate (32), saturated salt solution (33)；
Vacuum desiccator (31) includes glass cover (311) and the glass jar (312) being vertically connected with, at the top of glass cover (311)
Central authorities are provided with medium pore (313)；
Its position and annexation be:
Being contained with saturated salt solution (33) in the bottom of vacuum desiccator (31), the lower horizontal at vacuum desiccator (31) is placed
Porous porcelain plate (32), fixing device (10) horizontal center is had to be placed on porous porcelain plate (on 32), during pressure transducer (21) passes through
Central aperture (313) is connected with digital display meter (22).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610383175.4A CN105866383A (en) | 2016-06-01 | 2016-06-01 | Instrument for measuring expansibility under humid-control environment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610383175.4A CN105866383A (en) | 2016-06-01 | 2016-06-01 | Instrument for measuring expansibility under humid-control environment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105866383A true CN105866383A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
Family
ID=56676269
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610383175.4A Pending CN105866383A (en) | 2016-06-01 | 2016-06-01 | Instrument for measuring expansibility under humid-control environment |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106501302A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-03-15 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of great burying soil swelling coefficient measuring method and system |
| CN106769612A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-05-31 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of wall-building brick water swelling deformation dynamics tester and method of testing |
| CN109781774A (en) * | 2017-11-12 | 2019-05-21 | 兰州城市学院 | A kind of soil function measuring device |
| CN110018295A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-07-16 | 河南理工大学 | The test device and test method of lateral confinement expansive force in a kind of expansive rock hydration process |
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| CN102393320A (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2012-03-28 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Preparation method of rock test samples with different water ratios |
| CN104990947A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-10-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Bilateral frost-heaving test device for porous materials and testing method |
| CN105571758A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-11 | 桂林理工大学 | Dilatometer for measuring expansive force by constant volume method |
| CN205670152U (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-11-02 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of control the instrument measuring expansive force under wet environment |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| CN202133659U (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2012-02-01 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Experimental device for monitoring swelling-shrinkage deformation of deep soil under influence of hot rainy weather |
| CN102393320A (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2012-03-28 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Preparation method of rock test samples with different water ratios |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106501302A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-03-15 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of great burying soil swelling coefficient measuring method and system |
| CN106501302B (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2019-03-08 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of great burying soil swelling coefficient measuring method and system |
| CN106769612A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-05-31 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of wall-building brick water swelling deformation dynamics tester and method of testing |
| CN109781774A (en) * | 2017-11-12 | 2019-05-21 | 兰州城市学院 | A kind of soil function measuring device |
| CN110018295A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-07-16 | 河南理工大学 | The test device and test method of lateral confinement expansive force in a kind of expansive rock hydration process |
| CN110018295B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2024-01-30 | 河南理工大学 | Testing device and testing method for lateral limit expansion force in expansion rock hydration process |
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Application publication date: 20160817 |