CN105865651B - A kind of lower material temperature measuring system of dynamic high pressure loading based on reflectivity and method - Google Patents
A kind of lower material temperature measuring system of dynamic high pressure loading based on reflectivity and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105865651B CN105865651B CN201610442343.2A CN201610442343A CN105865651B CN 105865651 B CN105865651 B CN 105865651B CN 201610442343 A CN201610442343 A CN 201610442343A CN 105865651 B CN105865651 B CN 105865651B
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- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of lower material temperature measuring system of dynamic high pressure loading based on reflectivity and method, including moving high pressure loading device, the dynamic high pressure loading device is connected with test experiments target sample, test experiments target sample is connected with reflective light intensity change test system, reflective light intensity change test system is connected with synchronizer trigger, and synchronizer trigger is connected with dynamic high pressure loading device.The dynamic temperature data of metal material under quasi- constant entropy loading environment, and low-temperature zone under the conditions of impact compress can be obtained using the present invention（Below 1000K）The transient temperature data of metal material, material accurate characterization of physical state and materials behavior change physical process under dynamic high pressure loading is realized, be the offer Important Parameters of Calibration Theory state equation model validity and establishment complete state equation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the measuring system of optical field, and in particular to a kind of lower material of dynamic high pressure loading based on reflectivity
Temperature measurement system and method.
Background technology
Temperature is to characterize an Important Parameters of Material Thermodynamics state.From the quasi- constant entropy pressure of material developed rapidly in recent years
From the point of view of contracting progress, the missing of temperature data is to restrict its experimental data to be used for state equation and the important barrier of constitutive relation
Hinder.Quasi isentropic compression is tested by the measurement to different-thickness sample surfaces speed, provides stress-strain relation and preferable constant entropy
Difference between line mainly includes two parts：Hydrostatic pressing increase part caused by deviatoric stress part and the increasing of a small amount of entropys, but both
It can not separate, and as the increase of strain rate, the proportion of Section 2 can increase, cause quasi- insentrope both can not accurately provide by force
Degree information also can not accurately provide state equation information.But if solves the problems, such as the temperature survey under quasi- constant entropy loading, then
It is possible to provide this reasonable distribution of two with reference to Cv models, so as to more accurately provide intensity and state equation information.Meanwhile
In the material high pressure equation of state research carried out by Impulsive load mode, low-temperature zone（It is often referred to below 1000K）Temperature
Accurately measurement is always a difficult point to transient state, and the Planck peak of radiation spectrum is in infrared region even far infrared, and radiant power is extremely low, quilt
The requirement differentiated when dynamic e measurement technology signal to noise ratio is extremely difficult to dynamic high pressure loading to time resolution and temperature.Therefore, actively find,
Development is improved under achievable dynamic high pressure, low-temperature zone（Below 1000K）Temperature measurement technology or method, it is still that material moves so far
One of focus work in high pressure research field.
Radiant thermometric technology moves application during high pressure loads mainly in 2000K to 10000K in material, in this model
The thermodynamic temperature of material can be preferably obtained in enclosing, due to electronics, the relaxation time of ion within the scope of higher temperature
Change, and the appearance of ultraviolet disaster, the difference of the electron temperature that radiometric temperature measurement result provides and macroscopic thermodynamics temperature
It is different more and more obvious, but can also receive in below 10ev.In addition, temperature survey of the metal sample under Impulsive load is except upper
State beyond problem, also the serious restriction in the presence of two other factor：When for measuring surface be the scope of freedom situation when, measure
Radiation temperature is nearly all the temperature after impact unloading, and wanting to provide the state of temperature before unloading needs high time resolution energy
Power；Second, for the metering system by increasing window, it is also necessary to know the heat biography of sample and window under Impulsive load state
Lead the information such as coefficient, interface emissivity.
The content of the invention
To solve quasi isentropic compression and impact compress low-temperature zone（Below 1000K）Under both dynamic high pressure loading environments
Material temperature measurement problem, obtain the transient state temperature under the conditions of the dynamic temperature data and impact compress under quasi- constant entropy loading environment
Degrees of data, the present invention devise a kind of lower material temperature measuring system of dynamic high pressure loading based on reflectivity and method, the system
And method can obtain the transient temperature data under the conditions of dynamic temperature data and impact compress under quasi- constant entropy loading environment, solution
Determine quasi isentropic compression and impact compress low-temperature zone（Below 1000K）Material temperature under both dynamic high pressure loading environments
Measurement problem.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of lower material temperature measuring system of dynamic high pressure loading based on reflectivity, including dynamic high pressure loading device, it is described
Dynamic high pressure loading device is connected with test experiments target sample, and test experiments target sample is connected with reflective light intensity change test system,
Reflective light intensity change test system is connected with synchronizer trigger, and synchronizer trigger is connected with dynamic high pressure loading device.To solve
Material temperatures measurement under both dynamic high pressure loading environments of quasi isentropic compression and impact compress low-temperature zone, obtains quasi- constant entropy and adds
The transient temperature data under the conditions of dynamic temperature data and impact compress under the conditions of load, not only to accurate characterization material in dynamic height
Physical state and research material state change physical process important in inhibiting under pressure loading, while in view of materials behavior side
The characteristics of journey is very sensitive to temperature parameters, it can also be Calibration Theory state equation model validity and establish complete state
The offer Important Parameters of equation.At present, from the point of view of the document of domestic and international open report, do not solve the technology of the problem, and originally
Scheme applies detection light beam by active, measures under dynamic high pressure loading environment, between testing sample material and window material
The reflective light intensity change of metallic diaphragm material, is calculated reflectivity changes data, recycle metallic diaphragm material reflectance with
Temperature Scaling relation data, the temperature survey of material under dynamic high pressure loading environment is realized, obtained dynamic under quasi- constant entropy loading environment
Transient temperature data under the conditions of state temperature data and impact compress.
Test experiments target sample is mainly made up of testing sample material, metallic diaphragm material and window material, metal film
Layer material is arranged between testing sample material and window material, and three is brought into close contact, and testing sample material is arranged on gold
Belong between film material and dynamic high pressure loading device, window material is arranged on metallic diaphragm material and reflective light intensity change test system
Between system.Metallic diaphragm material is plated on window material, and window material preferred window glass, metallic diaphragm material reflectance
There is unique corresponding relation with the calibration data of temperature.
Reflective light intensity changes test system mainly by detecting laser, beam splitter, coupler, collimater, photodetector
Formed with data acquiring and recording memory, beam splitter is arranged between coupler and window material, is provided with beam splitter side
Fibre-optical splice, between fibre-optical splice and coupler, be provided with optical fiber between fibre-optical splice and collimater, optical fiber respectively with it is corresponding
Fibre-optical splice, coupler or collimater connection, coupler connects with detecting laser, and collimater connects with photodetector,
Photodetector connects with data acquiring and recording memory, and data acquiring and recording memory connects with synchronizer trigger.Measurement
Device is the photodetector with nanosecond order response, and data acquiring and recording memory is preferably high-performance oscillograph.Dynamic height
The electric signal of pressure loading zero moment output, electric signal triggering photodetector is produced by synchronizer trigger and synchronizes measurement.
The electric signal of dynamic high pressure loading zero moment output is triggered by synchronizer trigger, starts to measure reflective light intensity change in photodetector
While changing signal, variable signal data corresponding to data acquiring and recording memory synchronous acquisition record.
Further, exploring laser light beam caused by detecting laser acts perpendicularly to metallic diaphragm material table after beam splitter
Face, the light intensity of its reflected beams, which becomes, turns to vertical angle state；Exploring laser light beam caused by detecting laser is in metal film simultaneously
Layer material active position is its geometric center point.
A kind of lower material temperature measuring method of dynamic high pressure loading based on reflectivity, comprises the following steps：
（1）Prepare test experiments target sample：By the way of spraying plating or magnetron sputtering metal is formed on window glass surface
Film layer, the thickness of film layer is micron dimension, then the window glass of testing sample material and metalling film material is closely pasted
Close；
（2）Test experiments target sample is seated to the loading experiment area of dynamic high pressure loading device system；
（3）Establish optical system for testing and test component：It is required that detection beam orthogonal acts on metallic diaphragm material, vertical reflection
Light beam also acts perpendicularly to photodetector searching surface；
（4）Regulation detection light beam laser power output, while the addition decay mirror between beam splitter and fibre-optical splice, make
Light beam laser power output must be detected in a certain output power value, with the addition of photodetector output voltage values after decay mirror
The range of decrease with decay mirror decaying amplitudes it is equal；Establishing photodetector output voltage values and output power value has linear change
Relation；Retain decay mirror when official testing is tested, record photodetector output voltage values U0 now；
（5）Start dynamic high pressure loading experiment, using the electric signal of dynamic high pressure loading zero moment output, pass through synchronizer trigger
Photodetector and data acquiring and recording memory are triggered, measures and acquisition and recording is moved under high pressure loading, measure metallic diaphragm material
Expect the voltage change data U (t) of the reflected beams；
（6）Using metallic diaphragm material reflectance R0, U0 under the known detection wavelength condition, formula R0 × U is utilized
(t)/U0, calculate and obtain R (t)；
（7）The unique corresponding relation of metallic diaphragm material reflectance and Temperature Scaling known to control, obtain dynamic high pressure and add
The temperature T (t) of metallic diaphragm material during load.
The transient state under the conditions of the dynamic temperature data and impact compress under quasi- constant entropy loading environment can be obtained by this method
Temperature data, the not only physical state and research material high pressure conditions changing matter to accurate characterization material under dynamic high pressure loading
Reason process important in inhibiting, while in view of the characteristics of materials behavior equation is very sensitive to temperature parameters, can also be verification material
Cooking is by state equation model validity and establishes complete state equation（It is in the density of material under a certain state, pressure
Power, temperature parameters）Offer Important Parameters.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and advantages：Quasi- constant entropy can be obtained using the present invention
The dynamic temperature data of metal material under loading environment, and low-temperature zone under the conditions of impact compress（Below 1000K）Metal material
Transient temperature data, realize material accurate table of physical state and materials behavior change physical process under dynamic high pressure loading
Sign is Calibration Theory state equation model validity and establishes the offer Important Parameters of complete state equation.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing further understanding the embodiment of the present invention, forms one of the application
Point, do not form the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the test system schematic diagram of the present invention；
The calibration relation of metallic diaphragm material reflectance and temperature when Fig. 2 is detection wavelength 488nm.
Mark and corresponding parts title in accompanying drawing：
1- moves high pressure loading device, 2- testing sample materials, 3- metallic diaphragm materials, 4- window glass, 5- beam splitters, 6-
Fibre-optical splice, 7- optical fiber, 8- couplers, 9- detecting lasers, 10- data acquiring and recording memories, 11- synchronizer triggers, 12-
Collimater, 13- photodetectors, 14- decay mirrors.
Embodiment
For the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, with reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, to this
Invention is described in further detail, and exemplary embodiment of the invention and its explanation are only used for explaining the present invention, do not make
For limitation of the invention.
Embodiment：
As shown in figure 1, will measure the gold of reflective light intensity change by the way of spraying plating or magnetron sputtering spraying plating to window glass
Glass surface forms golden membranous layer, and its thickness is micron dimension, then testing sample material and the window glass of metalling film material
Glass 4 is brought into close contact, and forms test experiments target sample.The not all glass of window material can meet that window glass 4 needs to select
Select under the conditions of certain pressure, the sapphire or LiF materials still with fabulous translucency can be used as first choice.
Before the passive high pressure loading of test experiments target sample, exploring laser light beam caused by detecting laser 9 is passed through into coupler 8
Exported successively through optical fiber 7 and fibre-optical splice 6, act perpendicularly to test target sample metal-plated membrane through beam splitter 5 to window glass 4
The surface of layer material, its reflected light is again through window, by realizing small size light beam through optical fiber 7, collimater 12 after beam splitter 5,
It is directed at photodetector 13, the reflected beams can be vertically into photodetector 13, photodetector 13 and data acquisition
Score storage 10 connects, and is at state to be measured.Preferably, light beam is detected through coupler 8 and collimater 12, and number can be achieved
Hundred micron diameter size light beams act on the surface of metallic diaphragm material.Preferably, light beam is detected in metallic diaphragm material surface
Active position be its geometric center point.
The photodetector 13 of reflective light intensity measure of the change, the loading sequence of hundreds of nanoseconds is loaded according to quasi- constant entropy, with
And the pressure of the nanosecond of Impulsive load hundred is held time, the preferable photodetector device response time should be not less than ten nanosecond orders.
It is existing matured product to measure the data acquiring and recording memory 10 being connected with photodetector 13, commercially can directly be purchased
Can buy, from nanosecond order temporal resolution, not less than GHz sample rate characteristics data acquiring and recording memory carry out
Collection and record.
During experiment measurement, regulation detection light beam laser power output, while added between beam splitter and fibre-optical splice
Decay mirror 14 so that detection light beam laser power output in a certain output power value, visit after with the addition of decay mirror 14 by photoelectricity
The range of decrease for surveying device output voltage values is equal with decay mirror decaying amplitudes；Establish photodetector output voltage values and power output
Value has linear changing relation；Retain decay mirror 14 when official testing is tested, record photodetector output voltage now
Value U0；Using the electric signal of dynamic high pressure loading zero moment output, photodetector 13 and data are triggered by synchronizer trigger 11
Acquisition and recording memory 10, is measured and acquisition and recording is moved under high pressure loading, the reflected light delta data of metallic diaphragm material.Pass through
The coefficient of correlation that initial reflectance known to metallic diaphragm material is formed with loading zero moment reflective light intensity voltage data, can be calculated
In dynamic high pressure loading procedure, the reflectivity changes data of metallic diaphragm material.Determined based on metallic diaphragm material reflectance with temperature
Target unique corresponding relation（As shown in Fig. 2 calibration curve can be varied with temperature for the golden film reflectivity of metallic diaphragm material, visit
Survey light beam wavelength 488nm）, can obtain the temperature variation data of metallic diaphragm material.Loaded for quasi- constant entropy, what is obtained is material
Temperature dynamic delta data in dynamic high pressure loading procedure；For Impulsive load, what is obtained is that material is moved in high pressure loading procedure
Temperature transient data.
By dynamic high pressure（The stabilization time of quasi- constant entropy loading procedure and Impulsive load final state is hundreds of ns）Surveyed under loading environment
The normal reflected light beam of experimental test target Gold Samples category film material is tried, the reflected beams of detection are acted on into tool using optics
On the photodetector test surface for there are ns level responding abilities, recorded by data acquiring and recording memory in dynamic high pressure loading procedure
Photodetector（The optical signal of entrance becomes electric signal output）The voltage signal U (t) measured, it is initial based on the loading of dynamic high pressure
Metallic diaphragm material normal reflected light beam enters the voltage signal U0 that photoelectric tube is formed, and prepares knowable to metallic diaphragm material
Light beam reflectivity R0 is detected, metallic diaphragm material can be established by adjusting probe source laser output power in optical system for testing
The reflected beams power P has linear changing relation with photodetector output voltage U, such as the reflected beams power reduces by 50%, light
Electric explorer output voltage U also reduces by 50%, and this, which allows for loading initial golden film reflectivity R0, is proportional to U0, i.e., deposits between the two
It is constant constant with optics in light path in detection light beam laser power output in Proportional coefficient K=R0/ U0, i.e., described
After getting out experiment condition, start loading experiment, the temperature change that metallic diaphragm material occurs due to moving high pressure loading, to detection
The albedo of light beam will change, but because selected detection light beam is for gold, the pressure change from normal pressure to 20GPa
In the range of, light reflectivity of the gold in the case where detecting light beam wavelength will not change, i.e., gold is to detecting light in the pressure range
The influence that the albedo of beam is not stressed, now because detection light beam laser power output is constant, therefore under dynamic high pressure loading
So that the factor that the reflected beams power for acting on photodetector changes is temperature, the change of the reflected beams power will enter
And make it that the voltage of the corresponding output of photodetector also changes, that is, measures metallic diaphragm material reflected light in loading procedure
Voltage signal U (t) corresponding to beam, move high pressure in known metal film material and load initial reflectivity R0 and Proportional coefficient K, i.e.,
The R (t) of the metallic diaphragm material in dynamic high pressure loading procedure can be obtained by R (t)=K × U (t).
Unique corresponding relation based on metallic diaphragm material reflectance and Temperature Scaling, as shown in Fig. 2 can be metallic diaphragm
The golden film reflectivity of material varies with temperature calibration curve, detects light beam wavelength 488nm, the corresponding relation is existing test number
According to, you can obtain the temperature T (t) of metallic diaphragm material in dynamic high pressure loading procedure.
Due to the albedo measurement object under being changed from metal material operative temperature, and metal material requirement is solid
State, and require that metal material reflectivity and temperature have unique corresponding relation, temperature measurement range is anti-from metal material
Penetrate rate to determine with the temperature bound in temperature unique corresponding relation, because such as selecting golden material, 600 degree may be measured, choosing
With nickel material, 700 degree may be measured, therefore temperature range should be by metal material reflectivity and temperature unique corresponding relation
Temperature range determines that its temperature is to utilize the unique corresponding relation for having grasped metallic diaphragm material reflectance and Temperature Scaling,
Obtained by one-to-one relationship.Or the unique corresponding relation of metallic diaphragm material reflectance and Temperature Scaling is grasped
Temperature and the expression formula of reflectivity can be fitted to, as shown in Fig. 2 being varied with temperature calmly for the golden film reflectivity of metallic diaphragm material
Mark song line, light beam wavelength 488nm is detected, can obtain the temperature variation data of metallic diaphragm material, temperature measurement range and metal
The range of temperature that material reflectance changes in the scope and test experiments of film material reflectivity and vs. temperature
It is relevant, therefore the restriction numerical value without temperature range.
Because this method of testing is a fast process, the stabilization of quasi- constant entropy loading procedure and Impulsive load final state in high pressure is moved
Time is hundreds of ns, therefore the testing time of this method of testing is illustrated as the loading of quasi- constant entropy and the Impulsive load of suitable material.
Above-described embodiment, the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are carried out further
Describe in detail, should be understood that the embodiment that the foregoing is only the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention
Protection domain, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., all should include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the lower material temperature measuring system of a kind of dynamic high pressure loading based on reflectivity, it is characterised in that including dynamic high pressure loading
Device（1）, the dynamic high pressure loading device（1）Test experiments target sample is connected with, test experiments target sample is connected with reflected light
Strong change test system, reflective light intensity change test system are connected with synchronizer trigger（11）, and synchronizer trigger（11）With moving
High pressure loading device（1）Connection.
2. the lower material temperature measuring system of a kind of dynamic high pressure loading based on reflectivity according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the test experiments target sample is mainly by testing sample material（2）, metallic diaphragm material（3）And window material is formed,
Metallic diaphragm material（3）It is arranged on testing sample material（2）Between window material, and three is brought into close contact, testing sample
Material（2）It is arranged on metallic diaphragm material（3）With dynamic high pressure loading device（1）Between, window material is arranged on metallic diaphragm material
Material（3）Between reflective light intensity change test system.
3. the lower material temperature measuring system of a kind of dynamic high pressure loading based on reflectivity according to claim 2, its feature
It is, the reflective light intensity changes test system mainly by detecting laser（9）, beam splitter（5）, coupler（8）, collimater
（12）, photodetector（13）With data acquiring and recording memory（10）Form, beam splitter（5）It is arranged on coupler（8）And window
Between gate material, in beam splitter（5）Side is provided with fibre-optical splice（6）, fibre-optical splice（6）And coupler（8）Between, optical fiber connects
Head（6）And collimater（12）Between be provided with optical fiber（7）, optical fiber（7）Respectively with corresponding fibre-optical splice（6）, coupler（8）
Or collimater（12）Connection, coupler（8）And detecting laser（9）Connection, collimater（12）And photodetector（13）Connection,
Photodetector（13）With data acquiring and recording memory（10）Connection, and data acquiring and recording memory（10）With synchronous triggering
Device（11）Connection.
4. the lower material temperature measuring system of a kind of dynamic high pressure loading based on reflectivity according to claim 3, its feature
It is, the detecting laser（9）Caused exploring laser light beam acts perpendicularly to metallic diaphragm material after beam splitter（3）Table
Face, the light intensity of its reflected beams, which becomes, turns to vertical angle state.
5. the lower material temperature measuring system of a kind of dynamic high pressure loading based on reflectivity according to claim 3, its feature
It is, the detecting laser（9）Caused exploring laser light beam is in metallic diaphragm material（3）Active position is its geometric center
Point.
6. the lower material temperature measuring system of a kind of dynamic high pressure loading based on reflectivity according to claim 2, its feature
It is, the window material is made of glass.
7. the lower material temperature measuring method of a kind of dynamic high pressure loading based on reflectivity, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Prepare test experiments target sample：Metallic diaphragm is formed on window glass surface by the way of spraying plating or magnetron sputtering,
The thickness of film layer is micron dimension, then the window glass of testing sample material and metalling film material is brought into close contact；
（2）Test experiments target sample is seated to the loading experiment area of dynamic high pressure loading device system；
（3）Establish optical system for testing and test component：It is required that detection beam orthogonal acts on metallic diaphragm material, normal reflected light beam
Also photodetector searching surface is acted perpendicularly to；
（4）Regulation detection light beam laser power output, while the addition decay mirror between beam splitter and fibre-optical splice（14）, make
Light beam laser power output must be detected in a certain output power value, with the addition of decay mirror（14）Photodetector output electricity afterwards
The range of decrease of pressure value is equal with decay mirror decaying amplitudes；Establishing photodetector output voltage values and output power value has linearly
Variation relation；Retain decay mirror when official testing is tested（14）, record photodetector output voltage values U0 now；
（5）Start dynamic high pressure loading experiment, using the electric signal of dynamic high pressure loading zero moment output, triggered by synchronizer trigger
Photodetector and data acquiring and recording memory, are measured and acquisition and recording is moved under high pressure loading, and measurement metallic diaphragm material is anti-
The voltage change data U (t) of irradiating light beam；
（6）Using metallic diaphragm material reflectance R0, U0 under the known detection wavelength condition, using formula R0 × U (t)/U0,
Calculate and obtain R (t)；
（7）The unique corresponding relation of metallic diaphragm material reflectance and Temperature Scaling known to control, obtain dynamic high pressure and loaded
The temperature T (t) of metallic diaphragm material in journey.
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| CN106872068B (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2019-06-07 | 中北大学 | The real-time measurement apparatus of surface temperature during a kind of Damage of Optical Film |
| CN106872069B (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2019-06-04 | 中北大学 | The method for real-time measurement of surface temperature during a kind of Damage of Optical Film |
| CN107831072B (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2019-10-22 | 中国工程物理研究院上海激光等离子体研究所 | A kind of miniature target heating device and its application method moving loading experiment for laser |
| CN109406448A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-03-01 | 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 | Infrared spectrometer |
| CN112097950B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2022-06-10 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十三研究所 | Temperature measuring method and device based on photothermal reflection and terminal equipment |
| CN114088238B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-08-01 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Picosecond time-resolved impact temperature measurement system and method based on wide radiation spectrum |
| CN117647756B (en) * | 2024-01-29 | 2024-06-18 | 中国电子产品可靠性与环境试验研究所（（工业和信息化部电子第五研究所）（中国赛宝实验室）） | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for testing short-circuit transient junction temperature of power device |
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