CN105862866B - A kind of method for determining thermometer burial place in concrete pouring bin containing cooling water pipe - Google Patents
A kind of method for determining thermometer burial place in concrete pouring bin containing cooling water pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN105862866B CN105862866B CN201610208915.0A CN201610208915A CN105862866B CN 105862866 B CN105862866 B CN 105862866B CN 201610208915 A CN201610208915 A CN 201610208915A CN 105862866 B CN105862866 B CN 105862866B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0023—Cast, i.e. in situ or in a mold or other formwork
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of method for determining thermometer burial place in concrete pouring bin containing cooling water pipe, this method comprises the following steps：Step 1：Obtain the concrete model temperature field containing cooling water pipe；Step 2：Section arbitrfary point temperature is obtained using shape function；Step 3：The arbitrfary point temperature that the concrete model mean temperature course containing cooling water pipe and step 2 obtained by step 1 is obtained, sets up thermometer geometric position optimization model；Step 4：Thermometer geometric position optimization model is solved using optimized algorithm, thermometer is obtained and buries optimal geometric position coordinate.The method of thermometer burial place in a kind of determination concrete pouring bin containing cooling water pipe that the present invention is provided, the uncertain problem in geometric position buried in concrete pouring bin thermometer can be solved, the burial place of accurate temperature meter is realized, the purpose of rationally monitoring temperature is reached.
Description
Technical field
It is especially a kind of to determine thermometer in concrete pouring bin containing cooling water pipe the present invention relates to concreting field
The method of burial place.
Background technology
Water pipe cooling is that control temperature prevents the important method in crack in Concrete Dam Construction, from 1930s Hoover
(Hoover) since arch dam is used first, it has been used widely in the whole world.But the temperature field produced during due to water pipe cooling
Sufficiently complex, it is actually a double-edged sword, both can effectively reduce concrete temperature, but if rate of temperature fall is too fast, again may be used
Cause serious crack.For this problem, the water flowing cooling that Zhu Baifang proposes " the small temperature difference, early cooling, Slow cooling " is former
Then.At present, water flowing cooling principle is gradually used widely in High Concrete Dam engineering.For example, crossing extra-high for small stream Lip river
Water pipe cooling is divided into nine stages of three phases (phase, mid-term and second phase), each stage strict control targe by arch dam, designing unit
Temperature and rate temperature change etc., unit in charge of construction carry out water flowing cooling by design temperature control process line, obtain good temperature control and prevent
Split effect.
Designing institute's design temperature control process line analysis is understood, design temperature control process line is the mean temperature of concrete pouring bin
Course.Obviously, in order to be monitored to concrete pouring bin temperature, it is necessary to bury thermometer in concrete pouring bin and carry out
Temperature monitoring.Because concrete pouring bin size is larger, the general 1~3m of thickness, Yokogawa is to wide 20m or so, along river to length 20m
~60m.During practice of construction, each concrete pouring bin at most buries 1~2 thermometer.Sent out in temperature control practice process
Existing, because concrete pouring bin is sufficiently complex in the temperature field of water flowing cooling period, the embedded positional distance water pipe of thermometer is near
Then observed temperature is relatively low, higher apart from the remote then observed temperature of water pipe.How thermometer is buried in concrete pouring bin, make actual measurement temperature
Degree characterize concrete pouring bin mean temperature for construction engineering units it is of interest, but so far the problem there is not yet relevant document report
Lead.Because the position that thermometer is buried in actual concrete pouring bin has larger randomness and blindness, so that temperature
Meter observed temperature can not preferably reflect the mean temperature course of concrete pouring bin, it is difficult to reach the mesh of rationally monitoring temperature
's.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide thermometer in a kind of determination concrete pouring bin containing cooling water pipe
The method of burial place, can solve the uncertain problem in geometric position buried in concrete pouring bin thermometer, realize
The burial place of accurate temperature meter.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：One kind determines concrete containing cooling water pipe
The method for pouring thermometer burial place in storehouse, this method comprises the following steps：
Step 1：The concrete model containing cooling water pipe is set up, Temperature Field Simulation meter is carried out using water pipe cooling FInite Element
Calculate, obtain the concrete model temperature field containing cooling water pipe,
The mean temperature course for obtaining the concrete model containing cooling water pipe is calculated by formula (1)：
If t, mean temperature T of the concrete pouring bin when water flowing is cooled downave(t) it is
In formula：Tg(t) it is t unit Gauss point temperature；VgFor unit Gauss point possessive volume, the Gauss point can be used
Jacobian | J | calculating obtain；It is cumulative for unit Gauss point；It is cumulative to pour warehouse receipt member；To remove
The concrete pouring bin volume of volume shared by water pipe；
Step 2：The typical section of the concrete model containing cooling water pipe is chosen, by section units node temperature, using shape letter
Count to obtain section arbitrfary point temperature
The temperature of arbitrfary point is in concrete pouring bin
In formula, Ni(x, y, z) is shape function, Ti(t) it is t node i temperature；
Step 3：The concrete model mean temperature course T containing cooling water pipe obtained by step 1ave(t) obtained with step 2
The arbitrfary point temperature T (x, y, z, t) arrived, sets up thermometer geometric position optimization model；
Step 4：Thermometer geometric position optimization model is solved using optimized algorithm, thermometer is obtained and buries optimal geometry
Position coordinates.
In step 1, the cooling water pipe in concrete pouring bin uses snakelike arrangement, sets up the concrete mould containing cooling water pipe
Type is the concrete prism body Model containing cooling water pipe.
In step 2, the typical section of selection is the intermediate cross-section of concrete prism body Model.
Concrete prism uses the node unit of 6 face body 8, then intermediate cross-section is the node unit of quadrangle 4, introduces quadrangle
12 node units, it is any in section by being simplified by the node isoparametric elements of the quadrangle 12 replacement node isoparametric elements of quadrangle 4
Point temperature computation.
The method of thermometer burial place in a kind of determination concrete pouring bin containing cooling water pipe that the present invention is provided, is used
Optimized algorithm and water pipe cooling FInite Element are combined, and can be solved in the embedded geometric position of concrete pouring bin thermometer not
The problem of determining, realizes the burial place of accurate temperature meter；Method and step is simple, as a result accurately, applied widely；For
It is easy to obtain arbitrfary point temperature in section by node temperature, the node unit of quadrangle 12 is introduced, by using the node of quadrangle 12
Isoparametric elements substitute the node isoparametric elements of quadrangle 4 to simplify arbitrfary point temperature computation in section, enormously simplify calculating process.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples：
Fig. 1 is the cooling water pipe in concrete pouring bin of the present invention using snakelike arrangement；
Fig. 2 is the concrete prism body Model containing cooling water pipe of step 1 foundation in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the finite element grid of step 1 the first prism body section in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the finite element grid of second of prism body section of step 1 in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the finite element grid of step 1 the third prism body section in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the finite element grid of the 4th kind of prism body section of step 1 in the embodiment of the present invention；
The concrete prism mean temperature that Fig. 7 is drawn out for step 1 in the embodiment of the present invention by formula (1) result of calculation
Graph；
Fig. 8 is the node diagram of quadrangle 12 of step 2 the first prism body section use in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the node diagram of quadrangle 12 of second of prism body section use of step 2 in the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the node diagram of quadrangle 12 of step 2 the third prism body section use in the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 11 is the node diagram of quadrangle 12 of the 4th kind of prism body section use of step 2 in the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the interpolated temperature of the node of quadrangle 12 of step 2 the first prism body section use in the embodiment of the present invention
With simulation calculation node temperature difference comparison diagram；
The geometric position that Figure 13 draws for the geometric position of the first prism cooling water pipe of step 4 in the embodiment of the present invention
Distribution map；
The geometric position that Figure 14 draws for the geometric position of second of prism cooling water pipe of step 4 in the embodiment of the present invention
Distribution map；
The geometric position that Figure 15 draws for the geometric position of the third prism cooling water pipe of step 4 in the embodiment of the present invention
Distribution map；
The geometric position that Figure 16 draws for the geometric position of the third prism cooling water pipe of step 4 in the embodiment of the present invention
Distribution map.
Embodiment
The situation of concrete pouring bin containing cooling water pipe is as follows：
According to existing engineering experience, the water pipe spacing buried in concrete dam is usually 1.0~3.0m.Adiabatic temperature rise of concrete
Expression formula is θ (t)=25.3 (1-e-0.315τ), concrete thermal conductivity factor λ=8.49kJ/ (mh DEG C), specific heat c=
0.955kJ/ (kg DEG C), density p=2400kg/m3；Water flowing flow qw=24m3/ d, specific heat cw=4.187kJ/ (kgg DEG C),
Density pw=1000kg/m3。
A kind of method for determining thermometer burial place in concrete pouring bin containing cooling water pipe, this method includes following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：The concrete model containing cooling water pipe is set up, Temperature Field Simulation meter is carried out using water pipe cooling FInite Element
Calculate, obtain the concrete model temperature field containing cooling water pipe,
In actual concrete dam engineering, the cooling water pipe in concrete pouring bin typically uses snakelike arrangement, such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, be near symmetrical face along AB the and CD faces of current direction, it is believed that the plane of symmetry is adiabatic boundary face, is contained therefore, setting up
The concrete prism body Model of cooling water pipe, as shown in Figure 2.
If the long L=100m of concrete prism, 4 kinds of different prism sectional dimensions are devised, are respectively
The first：Width × height=1m × 1m
Second：Width × height=1.5m × 1.5m
The third：Width × height=1m × 1.5m
4th kind：Width × height=2m × 1.5m, is arranged in the center direction of concrete prism cross section outside one
Footpath for=32mm cooling water pipe,
I.e. the level interval of the first prism cooling water pipe is 1m, and vertical interval is 1m；
The level interval of second of prism cooling water pipe is 1.5m, and vertical interval is 1.5m；
The level interval of the third prism cooling water pipe is 1m, and vertical interval is 1.5m；
The level interval of 4th kind of prism cooling water pipe is 2m, and vertical interval is 1.5m,
The finite element grid of prism body section is as seen in figures 3-6.
Assuming that 6 surfaces of concrete prism are adiabatic boundary, the initial temperature of concrete takes 10 DEG C, cooling water inlet
Temperature is 10 DEG C.
Using the Temperature Field Simulation calculating of water pipe cooling FInite Element progress water flowing cooling period, the water flowing time started is
1d, continuous water flowing 10d.
The mean temperature course for obtaining the concrete model containing cooling water pipe is calculated by formula (1)：
If t, mean temperature T of the concrete pouring bin when water flowing is cooled downave(t) it is
In formula：Tg(t) it is t unit Gauss point temperature；VgFor unit Gauss point possessive volume, the Gauss point can be used
Jacobian | J | calculating obtain；It is cumulative for unit Gauss point；It is cumulative to pour warehouse receipt member；To remove
The concrete pouring bin volume of volume shared by water pipe；
The concrete prism mean temperature graph drawn out by formula (1) result of calculation is as shown in Figure 7.
Step 2：Section where 50m in the middle of concrete prism is chosen to be analyzed, due to 6 surface thermal insulation of prism,
Cross-section temperature field is symmetric, therefore, analyzing the temperature field in 1/4 section.
By section units node temperature, section arbitrfary point temperature is obtained using shape function
The temperature of arbitrfary point is in concrete pouring bin
In formula, Ni(x, y, z) is shape function, Ti(t) it is t node i temperature；
When carrying out water pipe cooling FEM calculation, concrete prism uses the node unit of 6 face body 8, then intermediate cross-section
For the node unit of quadrangle 4, the temperature for calculating section arbitrfary point by formula (2) is inconvenient.For ease of obtaining section by node temperature
Interior arbitrfary point temperature, introduces the node unit of quadrangle 12, by substituting node of quadrangle 4 etc. by the node isoparametric elements of quadrangle 12
Join unit to simplify arbitrfary point temperature computation in section, as a result as illustrated in figs. 8-11.
According to Temperature Field Simulation result of calculation, the bound of the node unit of quadrangle 12 is given, the node of quadrangle 12
Unit area includes 9 node units of quadrangle 4.
By taking Fig. 8 as an example, A, B, C and D 4 in quadrilateral units are calculated using the node isoparametric elements shape function of quadrangle 12
The temperature history of individual point, its node temperature course calculated with Temperature Field Simulation is analyzed, structure is as shown in figure 12.
Analyzed from Figure 12, the temperature gap of 4 points of A, B, C and D is distributed in wide × height=1m × 1m section units
In the range of [- 0.01,0.06], calculation error is within 0.03%, therefore, and four sides are replaced using the node isoparametric elements of quadrangle 12
Calculating of the node isoparametric elements of shape 4 to simplify arbitrfary point temperature in section is feasible.
Therefore formula (2) is expanded into formula (4) and (5)
Introducing the section arbitrfary point temperature that quadrangle 12 node isoparametric elements obtain is
In formula, Ti(t) it is corresponding node temperature, Ni(ξ, η) is the shape function of the node isoparametric elements of quadrangle 12, and it is
Step 3：The concrete model mean temperature course T containing cooling water pipe obtained by step 1ave(t) obtained with step 2
The arbitrfary point temperature T (x, y, z, t) arrived, sets up thermometer geometric position optimization model,
Thermometer geometric position Optimization Analysis shows there is the temperature history of multiple geometric positions on section and pour storehouse
Mean temperature course is approached.Therefore, using fixed η value, specifically η '=- 1 is taken respectively by 0.1 spacing, -0.9, -0.8, -
0.7, -0.6, -0.5, -0.4, -0.3, -0.2, -0.1,0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8,0.9,1.0,
Then ξ is carried out using one-dimensional Optimizing Search method preferred.Now, the preferred mathematical form in thermometer geometric position is
Seek ξ
Make
Meet constraints：-1≤ξ≤1
Wherein, Num is the time step that is calculated by Temperature Field Simulation to determine, due in simulation analysis, preceding 11d time
Walk as 0.1d, 11~41d time step is 0.5d, therefore, this analysis Num takes 170.
Due in fixed η ', being not necessarily present corresponding ξ to ensure f (ξ) → min in formula (6), therefore, this analysis
Employ the dual preferred control standard of minimal error and maximum preferably number of times.
Step 4：Thermometer geometric position optimization model is solved using optimized algorithm, thermometer is obtained and buries optimal geometry
Position coordinates.
Formula (6) is preferably solved using one-dimensional Optimizing Search method, thermometer geometric position ξ-η values is obtained, then adopts
X-y value is obtained with following formula
In formula, xiAnd yiThe respectively coordinate of node i.
The geometric position distribution map that the geometric position of the four kinds of prism cooling water pipes obtained by above-mentioned formula (7) is drawn is such as
Shown in Figure 13-16, from Figure 13-14, the first, second and the 4th kind of prism section temperature meter geometric position distribution be in
Parabolic distribution, the distribution of the third prism section temperature meter geometric position is approximately linear distribution.
In actual concrete dam engineering, according to the water pipe spacing of concrete pouring bin, in above-mentioned optimal geometric position
The embedded thermometer in place, the observed temperature course of thermometer is that can preferably characterize the mean temperature course of concrete pouring bin.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method for determining thermometer burial place in concrete pouring bin containing cooling water pipe, it is characterised in that this method bag
Include following steps：
Step 1：The concrete prism body Model containing cooling water pipe is set up, Temperature Field Simulation is carried out using water pipe cooling FInite Element
Calculate, obtain the concrete prism model temperature containing cooling water pipe,
The mean temperature course for obtaining the concrete prism body Model containing cooling water pipe is calculated by formula (1)：
If t, mean temperature T of the concrete pouring bin when water flowing is cooled downave(t) it is
In formula：Tg(t) it is t unit Gauss point temperature；VgFor unit Gauss point possessive volume, refined using the Gauss point can
Than determinant | J | calculating is obtained；It is cumulative for unit Gauss point；It is cumulative to pour warehouse receipt member；For except outlet pipe institute
Account for the concrete pouring bin volume of volume；
Step 2：The intermediate cross-section of the body Model of concrete prism containing cooling water pipe is chosen, by section units node temperature, using shape
Function obtains section arbitrfary point temperature：
The temperature of arbitrfary point is in concrete pouring bin
In formula, Ni(x, y, z) is shape function, Ti(t) it is t node i temperature；
Step 3：The concrete prism body Model mean temperature course T containing cooling water pipe obtained by step 1ave(t) with step 2
Obtained arbitrfary point temperature T (x, y, z, t), sets up thermometer geometric position optimization model, the number of thermometer geometric position preferably
Form is
Seek ξ
Make
Meet constraints：-1≤ξ≤1；Wherein, Num is the time step that is calculated by Temperature Field Simulation to determine；
Step 4：Thermometer geometric position optimization model is solved using the optimized algorithm of belt restraining, acquisition thermometer is buried optimal
Geometric position coordinate.
2. a kind of side for determining thermometer burial place in concrete pouring bin containing cooling water pipe according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that：In step 1, the cooling water pipe in concrete pouring bin uses snakelike arrangement, sets up mixed containing cooling water pipe
Solidifying soil prism body Model is the concrete prism body Model containing cooling water pipe.
3. a kind of side for determining thermometer burial place in concrete pouring bin containing cooling water pipe according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that：Concrete prism uses the node unit of 6 face body 8, then intermediate cross-section is the node unit of quadrangle 4, is introduced
The node unit of quadrangle 12, by simplifying section by the node isoparametric elements of the quadrangle 12 replacement node isoparametric elements of quadrangle 4
Interior arbitrfary point temperature computation.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP5973845B2 (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2016-08-23 | 株式会社安藤・間 | Pipe cooling system and pipe cooling method |
| CN102979307B (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2016-04-13 | 新疆生产建设兵团金来建设工程技术研发有限责任公司 | A kind of Temperature-controllcrack crack prevention construction method for concrete structure |
| CN103942407B (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2019-03-19 | 葛洲坝集团试验检测有限公司 | A kind of concrete temperature field emulated computation method based on pour |
| CN104499486B (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-01-20 | 三峡大学 | A kind of Optimum Regulation system being applicable to the water flowing of concrete dam middle and later periods |
| CN104809334A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-07-29 | 河海大学 | Calculating method of large-volume concrete cooling temperature field |
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