CN105855691A - Multifunctional friction stir welding tool - Google Patents
Multifunctional friction stir welding tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105855691A CN105855691A CN201610440925.7A CN201610440925A CN105855691A CN 105855691 A CN105855691 A CN 105855691A CN 201610440925 A CN201610440925 A CN 201610440925A CN 105855691 A CN105855691 A CN 105855691A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- stirring
- head
- shu
- bracing frame
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional friction stir welding tool. The multifunctional friction stir welding tool comprises a welding tool shell, wherein a first supporting frame, a second supporting frame and a third supporting frame are successively arranged in the welding tool shell, a main motor is mounted on the first supporting frame, and connected with a central shaft through a torque sensor, the central shaft is fixedly connected with a rotating clamp clamped with a stirring head, the torque sensor is located on the second supporting frame, a plurality of circumferentially distributed laser ranging devices are mounted on the third supporting frame, vibration sensors are further arranged on the third supporting frame, the third supporting frame is fixedly connected with a welding machine head located at the lower part, and a pair of bearings is arranged in the welding machine head, and sleeves the central shaft. According to the multifunctional friction stir welding tool disclosed by the invention, welding torques, vibrations, pressed depths and temperatures are monitored in the whole process to ensure the stability and safety of the welding state at each moment in the welding process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to multifunctional stirring friction soldering set, belong to welding field.
Background technology
From Britain's institute of welding (TWI) since 1991 have invented friction stir welding method, this technology is because of it
Welding deformation is little, residual stress is little, it is not necessary to protective gas and packing material, can eliminate pore, be mingled with, the welding such as crackle
Defect, and do not produce arc light, flue dust, noise pollution etc., cost can be significantly reduced simultaneously, save material, optimization knot
The features such as structure, the construction weight alleviating aircraft are paid close attention to by scientific research institution of various countries.Due to this technology have a lot of its
Distinguishing feature not available for his method, it is used for space industry, a new generation's carrier rocket core level tank cylinder section soon
The welding of longitudinal joint is selected in this way exactly.Although utilizing friction stir welding method can obtain high-quality welding to connect
Head, but in engineering practical operation, often have weld defect and " keyhole " occurs in weld seam afterbody.Along with welding
The supplementary means of technology is fast-developing, and robotics development reaches its maturity, but existing agitating friction welding equipment is not surveyed
Amount control system, it is impossible to displacement, pressure, mixing needle moment of torsion and the vibration of agitating friction welding machine to welding process are closed
Suitable control and detection;The equipment volume and weight of the most current agitating friction welding is the biggest, it is difficult to be mounted directly
End in robot arm.
Patent (CN 102728947A) proposes a friction stir weld device, but not to measuring stirring the most in real time
Head depression depths and tilt angle propose concrete grammar;Patent (CN 10475965 A) proposes a kind of stirring and rubs
Wiping welder, torque motor stator is fixedly mounted in the endoporus of main shaft so that whole device volume is bigger than normal, the most right
During welding, the adjustment of welding parameters does not propose concrete foundation.Therefore design one both to have possessed tradition and stir
Mix friction head welding function, can farthest avoid stirring-head and the using method thereof of weld seam tunnel defect simultaneously, also may be used
An extremely urgent vital task is become with the soldering set of detection objective parameter in real time.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of multifunctional stirring friction soldering set,
Moment of torsion, vibration, compression distance and the temperature welded by complete monitoring, it is ensured that welding of each moment in welding process
The stability of state, safety.
Technical scheme: for solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention a kind of multifunctional stirring friction soldering set, including soldering set outside
Shell, is sequentially provided with the first bracing frame, the second bracing frame and the 3rd bracing frame in soldering set shell, install on the first bracing frame
Having mair motor, mair motor is connected with central shaft by torque sensor, and central shaft is solid with the rolling clamp being clamped with stirring-head
Fixed connection, described torque sensor is positioned on the second bracing frame, is provided with several circumferentially distributed on the 3rd bracing frame
Laser ranging system, is additionally provided with vibrating sensor, described 3rd bracing frame and the welding machine being positioned at lower section on the 3rd bracing frame
Head is fixing to be connected, and is provided with pair of bearings in welder head, and bearing holder (housing, cover) is on center shaft.Laser ranging system is respectively from
Four edges of three bracing frames are measured respectively, the whole device of data analysis that on the one hand can obtain according to four laser rangings
Whether there is inclination angle;On the other hand can measure the 3rd bracing frame accurately to the distance of workpiece thus to calculate stirring-head and insert deep
Degree.
As preferably, being provided with thermocouple sensor in described stirring-head, thermocouple sensor passes through wire and is enclosed within center
Collector ring on axle connects.
As preferably, described laser ranging system has four, and four laser ranging systems are along center shaft axis circumference uniform distribution cloth
If laser ranging system is positioned at the outward flange of the 3rd gripper shoe.
As preferably, the distance measured by four laser ranging systems is respectively L1, L2, L3 and L4, installs stirring-head
Time, L1=L2=L3=L4;In welding process, the value of Shu L1-L3 Shu/Shu L1 Shu or Shu L2-L4 Shu/Shu L2 Shu is more than
When 0.05, stirring-head tilts, and stops welding.
As preferably, the moment of torsion that described torque sensor records is T, if T value is the least, then explanation welding temperature is too high,
Metal, already at close to molten state, so can cause welding heat affected zone wide thus reduce welding quality, so should
Suitable reduction rotating speed or raising speed of welding;If T value is big especially, then explanation welding temperature is too low or stirring-head has and inclines
Whether angle, be perpendicular to workpiece now by laser ranging system detection stirring-head, in the case of eliminating stirring-head has inclination angle,
The biggest explanation of moment of torsion is to cause moment of torsion relatively big owing to welding temperature is low, if the most suitable reduction speed of welding or carry
High stirring-head rotating speed.
As preferably, described vibrating sensor has two, and two are respectively used to detect welding direction and the vibration of vertical direction
The vibrating sensor of situation is along distribution substantially symmetrical about its central axis.
As preferably, the temperature of described thermocouple sensor detection is K, when temperature K exceedes materials to be welded plasticization temperature district
Between maximum temperature 20 DEG C, reduce stirring-head rotating speed and also increase speed of welding;When temperature K is less than materials to be welded plasticization temperature
During interval minimum temperature, welding machine controls stirring-head and improves rotating speed and reduce speed of welding.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, the invention have the advantages that
(1) detection of moment of torsion, vibration, compression distance and temperature is the complete monitoring to whole welding process, it is ensured that welding
During the stability of each moment welded condition, safety.
(2) detection for vibration is not the measurement of an independent point but welding direction and vertical direction are all measured, it is thus achieved that number
Relatively reliable according to amount.
(3) additionally mair motor, torque sensor, central shaft, the axis of agitating friction first-class core stressing device are in same
Bar straight line, so guarantees the reliability of each parts stress balance intensifier.
(4) distribution of the part such as vibrating sensor, laser ranging system is minute surface symmetry and centrosymmetric, so guarantees
The center of gravity of welding machine falls on axis, welding process will not cause bias because of inertia and unbalance stress and cause data to survey
Amount is inaccurate.
(5) at the internally installed thermocouple of stirring-head, both can be by the sealing wire energy in each moment in temperature computation welding process
Amount, can help again to estimate stirring-head service life and abrasion condition.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of temperature detection in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the vibrating sensor in Fig. 1 and laser ranging system planar arrangement schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, a kind of multifunctional stirring friction soldering set of the present invention, including soldering set shell 1, outside soldering set
It is sequentially provided with the first bracing frame the 3, second bracing frame 5 and the 3rd bracing frame 8 in shell 1, the first bracing frame 3 is installed
Having a mair motor 2, mair motor 2 is connected with central shaft 11 by torque sensor 4, central shaft 11 be clamped with stirring-head
The rolling clamp 12 of 13 is fixing to be connected, and is provided with thermocouple sensor in stirring-head 13, and thermocouple sensor passes through wire
It is connected with the collector ring being enclosed within central shaft 11.Torque sensor 4 is positioned on the second bracing frame 5, at the 3rd bracing frame 8
On four circumferentially distributed laser ranging systems 6 of eye central shaft 11 axis, the respectively first laser ranging system are installed
6-1, the second laser ranging system 6-2, the 3rd laser ranging system 6-3 and the 4th laser ranging system 6-4, the 3rd
Being additionally provided with a pair vibrating sensor 7 on bracing frame 8, two are respectively used to detect welding direction and the vibration feelings of vertical direction
The vibrating sensor 7 of condition is symmetrical along central shaft 11, respectively welding direction vibrating sensor 7-1 and vertical direction
Vibrating sensor 7-2, described 3rd bracing frame 8 is fixing with the welder head 10 being positioned at lower section to be connected, welder head 10
Inside being provided with pair of bearings, bearing holder (housing, cover) is on central shaft 11, and bearing is fixed in welder head 10 by annular retaining ring 9.
In the present invention, it is T that torque sensor 4 records moment of torsion, and usual welding process stably rear T is in a stable model
In enclosing.If T value is the least, then explanation welding temperature is too high, and metal, already at close to molten state, so can cause
Welding heat affected zone is wide thus reduces welding quality, so reduction rotating speed that should be suitable or raising speed of welding;If T value
Big especially, then explanation welding temperature is too low or stirring-head 13 has inclination angle, now by laser ranging system 6 detection stirring
Whether 13 be perpendicular to workpiece, is getting rid of in the case of stirring-head 13 has inclination angle, and the biggest explanation of moment of torsion is due to welding
Temperature is low causes moment of torsion relatively big, if the most suitable reduction speed of welding or raising stirring-head 13 rotating speed.
In the present invention, the vibrating sensor 7 of two centrosymmetry distributions is respectively used to detect welding direction and vertical direction
Vibration Condition, vibrating sensor 7 output signal of direction of advance is carried out real time spectral analysis, the master vibrated according to it
Frequently composition, can further determine that the frequency filtering of torque sensor 4 output signal, thus obtain real welding moment of torsion letter
Number.Vibrating sensor 7 output signal of vertical direction is carried out real time spectral analysis, the major frequency components vibrated according to it,
The frequency filtering of laser ranging system 6 output signal can be further determined that, thus obtain real compression distance data.
The distance that wherein the first laser ranging system 6-1 records is L1, the distance that the second laser ranging system 6-2 records is L2,
The distance that 3rd laser ranging system 6-3 records is L3, the distance that the 4th laser ranging system 6-4 records is L4.Generally
L1=L2=L3=L4During=L, illustrate that stirring-head 13 is perpendicular to workpiece, laser ranging system 6 and stirring-head 13 difference in Z-direction
For X, now compression distance H=X-L;If L1、L2、L3、L4Unequal, then stirring-head 13 should to L-value less one
Limit tilts, until L1=L2=L3=L4Illustrate during=L that stirring-head 13 is ajusted;If in welding process Shu L1-L3 Shu/Shu L1 Shu or
When the value of Shu L2-L4 Shu/Shu L2 Shu is more than 0.05, illustrate owing to external force or machine internal reason cause stirring-head 13 to tilt.
As a example by 2E12 aluminium alloy, interval 300 DEG C of plastic temperature--460 DEG C, the temperature of described thermocouple sensor detection is K,
When k is more than 480 DEG C, time for preventing metal superheat, reduce stirring-head rotating speed and also increase speed of welding;When temperature K is less than 300 DEG C
Time, metal fluidity is poor, and welding machine controls stirring-head and improves rotating speed and reduce speed of welding.
Wherein thermocouple 16 is arranged on the inside of stirring-head 13, and its temperature signal is outwardly exported by collector ring 15.
Welding machine main frame suitably regulates stirring-head 13 rotating speed and weldering speed according to temperature K, when temperature K relatively Gao Shiwei prevents metal superheat,
Reduce stirring-head 13 rotating speed and increase speed of welding;When temperature K is relatively low, metal fluidity is poor, and welding machine controls stirring
13 improve rotating speeds and reduce speed of welding.In addition, while collecting stirring-head 13 interior temperature signal, it is entered
Row induction-arrangement, counts each temperature range stirring-head 13 working time, is denoted as 300 DEG C~400 DEG C of working times
t1, t is denoted as 500 DEG C~600 DEG C of working times2, 600 DEG C~700 DEG C of working times are denoted as t3, 700 DEG C~800 DEG C work
Time is denoted as t4, more than 800 DEG C working times are denoted as t5, further according to the making material of stirring-head 13, Technology for Heating Processing,
Creep-resistant property substantially judges the degree of wear of stirring-head 13, and then infers its service life.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for those skilled in the art
For, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also
Should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a multifunctional stirring friction soldering set, it is characterised in that: include soldering set shell, be sequentially provided with in soldering set shell
First bracing frame, the second bracing frame and the 3rd bracing frame, be provided with mair motor on the first bracing frame, and mair motor is by turning round
Square sensor is connected with central shaft, and central shaft is fixing with the rolling clamp being clamped with stirring-head to be connected, described torque sensor
It is positioned on the second bracing frame, the 3rd bracing frame is provided with several circumferentially distributed laser ranging systems, at the 3rd
Being additionally provided with vibrating sensor on support, described 3rd bracing frame is fixing with the welder head being positioned at lower section to be connected, welder head
Inside being provided with pair of bearings, bearing holder (housing, cover) is on center shaft.
Multifunctional stirring the most according to claim 1 friction soldering set, it is characterised in that: install in described stirring-head
Having thermocouple sensor, thermocouple sensor is connected with set collector ring on center shaft by wire.
Multifunctional stirring the most according to claim 1 friction soldering set, it is characterised in that: described laser ranging system
Having four, four laser ranging systems are laid along center shaft axis circumference uniform distribution, and laser ranging system is positioned at the 3rd gripper shoe
Outward flange.
Multifunctional stirring the most according to claim 3 friction soldering set, it is characterised in that: four laser ranging systems
Measured distance is respectively L1, L2, L3 and L4, when stirring-head is installed, and L1=L2=L3=L4;In welding process,
When the value of Shu L1-L3 Shu/Shu L1 Shu or Shu L2-L4 Shu/Shu L2 Shu is more than 0.05, stirring-head tilts, and stops welding.
Multifunctional stirring the most according to claim 1 friction soldering set, it is characterised in that: described vibrating sensor has
Two, two are respectively used to detect the vibrating sensor of the Vibration Condition of welding direction and vertical direction along substantially symmetrical about its central axis point
Cloth.
Multifunctional stirring the most according to claim 1 friction soldering set, it is characterised in that: described thermocouple sensor
The temperature of detection is K, when temperature K exceedes materials to be welded plasticization temperature interval maximum temperature 20 DEG C, reduces stirring-head and turns
Speed also increases speed of welding;When temperature K is less than materials to be welded plasticization temperature interval minimum temperature, welding machine controls stirring-head
Improve rotating speed and reduce speed of welding.
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CN201610440925.7A CN105855691A (en) | 2016-06-20 | 2016-06-20 | Multifunctional friction stir welding tool |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106862751A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-06-20 | 东莞市闻誉实业有限公司 | Welder and its welding equipment |
CN108031968A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-05-15 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | Permanent intrusion based on high-precision laser range-finding sensing controls friction stir welding method |
CN108436246A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-08-24 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | Handle of a knife, agitating friction weldering welder and welding method |
CN108772623A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-11-09 | 上海交通大学 | Agitating friction welds real time temp measurer |
CN110548987A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-10 | 航天工程装备(苏州)有限公司 | friction stir welding process test platform system and tool |
CN110640300A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2020-01-03 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Online parameter regulation and control system for friction stir welding and control method |
CN111482696A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-04 | 上海电气集团自动化工程有限公司 | Welding seam tracking and height measuring system of friction stir welding robot |
CN113523627A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-10-22 | 江苏新恒基特种装备股份有限公司 | Additive manufacturing temperature measurement and control device, system and method |
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Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106862751A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-06-20 | 东莞市闻誉实业有限公司 | Welder and its welding equipment |
CN108031968A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-05-15 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | Permanent intrusion based on high-precision laser range-finding sensing controls friction stir welding method |
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CN108436246A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-08-24 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | Handle of a knife, agitating friction weldering welder and welding method |
CN110548987A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-10 | 航天工程装备(苏州)有限公司 | friction stir welding process test platform system and tool |
CN110640300A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2020-01-03 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Online parameter regulation and control system for friction stir welding and control method |
CN110640300B (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2021-04-27 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Online parameter control method for friction stir welding |
CN111482696A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-04 | 上海电气集团自动化工程有限公司 | Welding seam tracking and height measuring system of friction stir welding robot |
CN113523627A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-10-22 | 江苏新恒基特种装备股份有限公司 | Additive manufacturing temperature measurement and control device, system and method |
CN113523627B (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-10 | 江苏新恒基特种装备股份有限公司 | Additive manufacturing temperature measurement and control device, system and method |
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Application publication date: 20160817 |