CN105855564A - 一种利用活性污泥吸附还原硝酸银制备银纳米颗粒的方法 - Google Patents

一种利用活性污泥吸附还原硝酸银制备银纳米颗粒的方法 Download PDF

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CN105855564A
CN105855564A CN201610365466.0A CN201610365466A CN105855564A CN 105855564 A CN105855564 A CN 105855564A CN 201610365466 A CN201610365466 A CN 201610365466A CN 105855564 A CN105855564 A CN 105855564A
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王远鹏
洪亚敏
王海涛
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Xiamen University
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Abstract

一种利用活性污泥吸附还原硝酸银制备银纳米颗粒的方法,涉及银纳米颗粒。对取自污水厂的污泥进行驯化处理,驯化进水由实验室配制模拟废水添加,根据元素质量比C:N:P=100:5:1,其中碳源为葡萄糖,氮源为氯化铵,磷为磷酸二氢钾,按氨氮浓度50~100mg/L添加,取活性污泥混合液离心,干燥,成粉末后放置冰箱;将AgNO3固体用水溶解,定容,配制成硝酸银溶液;称取0.017~0.68g干菌粉于锥形瓶中,加入水,分散后,依次加入硝酸银溶液和NaOH溶液,分散后,控制OH和银的浓度,水控制还原系统总体积为50mL,控制反应温度30~70℃,反应时间4~12h,摇床下避光,反应结束后即得银纳米颗粒。

Description

一种利用活性污泥吸附还原硝酸银制备银纳米颗粒的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及银纳米颗粒,尤其是涉及一种利用活性污泥吸附还原硝酸银制备银纳米颗粒的方法。
背景技术
纳米材料由于其特殊的物理和化学性质,成为当今材料科学的研究热点。金属离子的生物吸附与生物还原由于其在环境保护、纳米材料制备等方面的潜在应用前景也是近年来各国学者广泛开展的科研领域。(Maynard,A.D.,Michelson,E.,2006.The NanotechnologyConsumer Product Inventory./http://www.nanotechproject.org/44S)银纳米作为纳米材料的一种,也具备纳米材料的性质。(周全法.贵金属深加工及其应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002.)银纳米颗粒结合了银独特的理化特性和纳米材料的特殊性能,具有着异乎寻常的表面化学性质和良好的生物相容性。使其在光学、传感、生物医药、科研等领域倍受青睐。
纳米银的制备方法分为物理法、化学法、生物法,其中物理法对仪器设备要求高生产费用较为昂贵;化学法采用的化学试剂有毒,对环境有害;生物法的原料来源广泛,环境友好,反应条件温和,操作简单,所合成的纳米颗粒又具有较好的稳定性,不失为最佳选择。微生物还原法是利用菌体细胞来还原金属离子制备纳米颗粒的一种方法,在反应过程中不添加其它的还原剂或保护剂。根据所采用的菌体是否具有活性,微生物还原法可以分为活菌还原和死菌还原。活菌还原依赖于细胞的新陈代谢过程,纳米颗粒的形成位点与菌体种类有关,不同微生物参与金属离子的催化还原过程的酶也不同。生物还原的位点可以在细胞周质中,细胞外表面上和细胞外。而且能够在胞外合成金属纳米材料的菌体种类很少;失活的菌类还原金属离子不依赖于细胞的新陈代谢,反应条件的操控方面更加灵活,还原所制得的颗粒大都位于胞外或者细胞表面。专利CN103305700A对生物法提取含银废水中银,利用曲霉摇瓶培养,最后接种到硝酸银废水中制备得到纳米级颗粒银。
发明内容
本发明的目的是利用污水处理厂废弃污泥,提供一种利用活性污泥吸附还原硝酸银制备银纳米颗粒的方法。
本发明包括以下步骤:
1)对取自污水厂的污泥进行驯化处理,驯化进水由实验室配制模拟废水添加,根据元素质量比C:N:P=100:5:1,其中碳源为葡萄糖,氮源为氯化铵,磷为磷酸二氢钾,按氨氮浓度50~100mg/L添加,取活性污泥混合液50mL离心,干燥,成粉末后放置冰箱备用;
2)将AgNO3固体用水溶解,定容,配制成40g/L的硝酸银溶液,置棕色试剂瓶于4℃冰箱保存备用。
3)称取0.017~0.68g干菌粉于锥形瓶中,加入水,分散后,依次加入步骤2)配制好的硝酸银溶液和NaOH溶液,分散后,控制OH和银的浓度,水控制还原系统总体积为50mL,控制反应温度30~70℃,反应时间4~12h,摇床下避光,反应结束后即可得到银纳米颗粒。
在步骤1)中,所述离心的条件可在6000r/min下离心15min;所述干燥可于真空冷冻干燥机中干燥24h;所述冰箱的温度可为-20℃。
在步骤3)中,所述水可采用蒸馏水或超纯水等;所述硝酸银溶液的质量浓度可为0.005~0.05g/L,NaOH溶液的摩尔浓度可为0.01~0.1mol/L;所述摇床可采用125rpm摇床。
本发明将现有污水处理厂废弃的活性污泥,通过驯化培养后,经冷冻干燥处理令其失活,然后将活性污泥干菌粉加入到硝酸银溶液的锥形瓶摇床恒温振荡,经活性污泥微生物吸附还原得到银纳米颗粒。本发明提供了一种以冻干的好氧污泥菌粉,选用硝酸银溶液在锥形瓶里摇床反应,通过微生物细胞丰富的有机官能团吸附银离子并将其还原得到银纳米颗粒。整个实验过程简单易得,无需多步反应条件,也不需要引入外来还原剂或保护剂,绿色无公害,对纳米银的制备方法是一条新的路径。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1制备的纳米银颗粒的Uv-vis图。
图2为本发明实施例1制备得到纳米银颗粒的XRD图。
图3为本发明实施例1制备的纳米银颗粒的透射电镜(TEM)图。
具体实施方式
下面通过附图和实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1
取0.05g污泥干菌粉、0.01mol/L硝酸银溶液和0.02mol/L的[OH-],在250mL的锥形瓶中搅拌混合,控制摇床反应温度60℃,125rpm。反应结束得到银纳米颗粒,其分散性好,粒径分布较均匀,通过紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、低倍透射电镜(TEM)、高倍透射电镜(HRTEM)及XRD验证了纳米银结构。
本发明实施例1制备的纳米银颗粒的Uv-vis图参见图1,本发明实施例1制备得到纳米银颗粒的XRD图参见图2,本发明实施例1制备的纳米银颗粒的透射电镜(TEM)图参见图3。
实施例2
按照实施例1所述的取0.05g污泥干菌粉,控制硝酸银溶液浓度为0.05mol/L,其他条件和操作步骤同实施例1,反应后得到平均粒径为24.73nm的银纳米颗粒。

Claims (7)

1.一种利用活性污泥吸附还原硝酸银制备银纳米颗粒的方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
1)对取自污水厂的污泥进行驯化处理,驯化进水由实验室配制模拟废水添加,根据元素质量比C:N:P=100:5:1,其中碳源为葡萄糖,氮源为氯化铵,磷为磷酸二氢钾,按氨氮浓度50~100mg/L添加,取活性污泥混合液50mL离心,干燥,成粉末后放置冰箱备用;
2)将AgNO3固体用水溶解,定容,配制成40g/L的硝酸银溶液,置棕色试剂瓶于4℃冰箱保存备用;
3)称取0.017~0.68g干菌粉于锥形瓶中,加入水,分散后,依次加入步骤2)配制好的硝酸银溶液和NaOH溶液,分散后,控制OH和银的浓度,水控制还原系统总体积为50mL,控制反应温度30~70℃,反应时间4~12h,摇床下避光,反应结束后即可得到银纳米颗粒。
2.如权利要求1所述一种利用活性污泥吸附还原硝酸银制备银纳米颗粒的方法,其特征在于在步骤1)中,所述离心的条件是在6000r/min下离心15min。
3.如权利要求1所述一种利用活性污泥吸附还原硝酸银制备银纳米颗粒的方法,其特征在于在步骤1)中,所述干燥是于真空冷冻干燥机中干燥24h。
4.如权利要求1所述一种利用活性污泥吸附还原硝酸银制备银纳米颗粒的方法,其特征在于在步骤1)中,所述冰箱的温度为-20℃。
5.如权利要求1所述一种利用活性污泥吸附还原硝酸银制备银纳米颗粒的方法,其特征在于在步骤3)中,所述水采用蒸馏水或超纯水。
6.如权利要求1所述一种利用活性污泥吸附还原硝酸银制备银纳米颗粒的方法,其特征在于在步骤3)中,所述硝酸银溶液的质量浓度为0.005~0.05g/L,NaOH溶液的摩尔浓度为0.01~0.1mol/L。
7.如权利要求1所述一种利用活性污泥吸附还原硝酸银制备银纳米颗粒的方法,其特征在于在步骤3)中,所述摇床采用125rpm摇床。
CN201610365466.0A 2016-05-27 2016-05-27 一种利用活性污泥吸附还原硝酸银制备银纳米颗粒的方法 Pending CN105855564A (zh)

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CN113607666A (zh) * 2021-07-27 2021-11-05 陕西师范大学 一种利用改进银镜反应生成银纳米粒子进行水中氨氮含量测定的方法
CN114506999A (zh) * 2022-02-23 2022-05-17 山东大学 一种基于巯基改性海藻酸调理纳米银污泥及污泥再生利用的方法

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JP2010024501A (ja) * 2008-07-22 2010-02-04 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd 銀粉の製造方法
CN101445277A (zh) * 2008-11-14 2009-06-03 东北大学 具有高吸附能力的纳米晶体Fe3O4微粒及制备方法
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CN113607666A (zh) * 2021-07-27 2021-11-05 陕西师范大学 一种利用改进银镜反应生成银纳米粒子进行水中氨氮含量测定的方法
CN113607666B (zh) * 2021-07-27 2024-05-17 陕西师范大学 一种利用改进银镜反应生成银纳米粒子进行水中氨氮含量测定的方法
CN114506999A (zh) * 2022-02-23 2022-05-17 山东大学 一种基于巯基改性海藻酸调理纳米银污泥及污泥再生利用的方法

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