CN105852161A - Peeling method for fruits and vegetables - Google Patents
Peeling method for fruits and vegetables Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105852161A CN105852161A CN201610260776.6A CN201610260776A CN105852161A CN 105852161 A CN105852161 A CN 105852161A CN 201610260776 A CN201610260776 A CN 201610260776A CN 105852161 A CN105852161 A CN 105852161A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- fruit
- vegerable
- vacuum
- peeling
- fruits
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N7/00—Peeling vegetables or fruit
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N12/00—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts
- A23N12/02—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts for washing or blanching
Abstract
The invention discloses a peeling method for fruits and vegetables. The peeling method comprises the following steps: (1) fruit and vegetable cleaning: to-be-peeled fruits and vegetables are washed clean, and surface impurities such as soil, dust and the like are removed; (2) moisture-heat treatment: the cleaned fruits and vegetables are placed into a constant-temperature moisture-heat box, the temperature is adjusted to 45-90 DEG C, the relative humidity is 60%-90%, and treatment is performed for 10-50 min; (3) vacuum peeling: the fruits and vegetables subjected to moisture-heat treatment are placed into a vacuum box instantly while hot, the vacuum degree is 0.09-0.098 MPa, the temperature of a vacuum chamber is controlled at 15-30 DEG C, a vacuum environment is maintained for 30-90 s, then vacuum is broken instantly within 2 s, the vacuum chamber recovers to a normal pressure state, and the skin of the fruits and vegetables is broken; (4) washing: the skin of the fruits and vegetables subjected to vacuum treatment is washed off with water. No chemical substance is added in the treatment process, the treatment process is safe, non-toxic and environment-friendly, the skin is broken through own action, damage to the fruits and vegetables is smaller, and a product has little loss.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to garden stuff processing technical field, be specifically related to the barking method of a kind of fruit and vegerable.
Background technology
Fruit and vegerable peeling is requisite operation in some fruit and vegetable product courses of processing, and the quality of peeling is by direct shadow
Ring the quality of goods, the acceptable degree of consumer and the economic benefit of fruit and vegerable intensive processing.The most traditional fruit
Vegetables barking method mainly includes the peeling of machine barking, steam peeling, chemical peeling, hot water, freezing peeling.Machine
Tool peeling is to use more a kind of peeled technology at present, and technology maturation, production efficiency is high, commonly used and Herba Marsileae Quadrifoliae
Really, pear and other fruits.Steam peeling efficiency is high, and product yield is high, can cause product surface heat to a certain extent
Damage, be not suitable for the fruit of the easy oxidizing brown stains such as Fructus Mali pumilae.Chemical peeling is to use dipping by lye fruit and vegerable, really
Vegetables surface separates through the corrosion of alkali liquor certain time, fruit pulp, thus reaches the effect of peeling.But it is chemical
Peeling, owing to causing pulp organization to disintegrate, remove the peel many, consumption greatly, and sarcocarp rough surface is uneven, process
Improper meeting causes sarcocarp serious discoloration, so chemical peeling not only reduces the utilization rate of raw material, and affects product
Quality.Simultaneously because the residual of chemical reagent is discharged with a large amount of in the course of processing, polluted product also severe contamination
Environment.Hot water peeling is the purpose being immersed in boiling water by mellow fruit and having reached fruit and vegerable peeling, the method
There are certain requirements fruit maturity, crude fruit cannot be used for the method and removes the peel.Freezing peeling is main to be used
In Fructus Vitis viniferae peeling stalk, the existing relevant report of Japan.
But above-mentioned barking method or have certain injury to fruit and vegerable self, causes peeling the adaptability of big product to be lost relatively
Weak, poor to the decortication effect of some fruit and vegerable.The peeling of fresh chilli is imitated by the most above-mentioned all of barking method
Fruit is the most poor, and this limits the exploitation of some fruit and vegerable new product to a certain extent.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of fruit vegetable peeling side
Method, the strong adaptability of this barking method, the peeling of multiple fruit and vegerable can be simultaneously used for, product loss is little, peeling effect
Rate is high.The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions for achieving the above object.
The barking method of a kind of fruit and vegerable, specifically includes following steps: (1) fruit and vegerable clean: by fruit and vegerable to be removed the peel
Clean up, remove the impurity such as epidermis earth；(2) humid heat treatment: it is damp and hot that the fruit and vegerable after cleaning are placed in constant temperature
In case, adjusting temperature and be 45-90 DEG C, relative humidity is 60%-90%, processes 10-50min；(3) vacuum takes off
Skin: fruit and vegerable are immediately placed in vacuum tank after humid heat treatment while hot, suction is 0.09-0.098MPa, very
Empty room temperature is 15-30 DEG C, maintains vacuum environment 30-90s, and in 2s, instantaneous vacuum breaker degree makes vacuum chamber afterwards
Interior recovery to atmospheric pressure state, atmospheric pressure state i.e. normal atmosphere 101.325kPa, make fruit and vegerable skin breakage；(4)
Washing: the fruit and vegerable water after application of vacuum rinses out epidermis.
As optimal technical scheme, in described step (2), humid heat treatment temperature is 55-80 DEG C, and relative humidity is
70%-80%, the process time is 20-30min.
As optimal technical scheme, in described step (3), during vacuum decortication, the temperature in vacuum tank maintains
Between 20-25 DEG C.
As preferably, described fruit and vegerable include Fructus Capsici, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Radix Ipomoeae.
The fruit and vegerable that the present invention uses humid heat treatment to treat decortication carry out the pre-heat treatment, can be according to fruit and vegetable food ripening journey
The processing of degree needs to control temperature and is 45-90 DEG C, during humid heat treatment the cell of fruit and vegerable fully absorb moisture and
Expand.In vacuum exfoliating process, vacuum indoor pressure reduces rapidly, and fruit and vegerable epidermis inhales water saturated intracellular water
Divide rapid explosive evaporation, make fruit and vegerable epidermal tissue rupture.Vacuum process is carried out at a lower temperature, causes fruit and vegerable
Epidermis and internal bigger thermograde, epidermis drastically shrinks, interior detail intracellular moisture transpiration, and fruit and vegerable epidermis is thin
Born of the same parents rupture under the dual function of inside and outside bigger thermograde and inside and outside bigger pressure.Meanwhile, by instantaneous broken
Vacuum is also recovered to atmospheric pressure state, and external and internal pressure change the most suddenly makes fruit and vegerable epidermis burst further,
Fruit and vegerable Skin shrinkage and be kept completely separate with sarcocarp.
Without chemical substance in processing procedure of the present invention, processing procedure is safe and nontoxic, environmental protection, by self
Effect make skin breakage, the damage to fruit and vegerable self is less, product loss little.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to be better understood from the present invention, illustrate below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but the invention is not restricted to
Lower embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The barking method of a kind of fruit and vegerable, specifically includes following steps: (1) fruit and vegerable clean: by fruit and vegerable to be removed the peel
Clean up, remove the impurity such as epidermis earth, dust；(2) humid heat treatment: the fruit and vegerable after cleaning are placed in perseverance
In warm and humid hot tank, adjusting temperature and be 45-90 DEG C, relative humidity is 60%-90%, processes 10-50min；(3)
Vacuum is peeled: fruit and vegerable are immediately placed in vacuum tank after humid heat treatment while hot, and suction is
0.09-0.098MPa, controls vacuum chamber temperature and is 15-30 DEG C, maintain vacuum environment 30-90s, afterwards at 2s
Interior instantaneous vacuum breaker degree recovers to atmospheric pressure state in making vacuum chamber, makes fruit and vegerable skin breakage；(4) washing: through true
Fruit and vegerable water after the reason of vacancy rinses out epidermis.
Embodiment 2
The barking method of a kind of fruit and vegerable, specifically includes following steps: (1) fruit and vegerable clean: by fruit and vegerable to be removed the peel
Clean up, remove the impurity such as epidermis earth, dust；(2) humid heat treatment: the fruit and vegerable after cleaning are placed in perseverance
In warm and humid hot tank, adjusting temperature and be 55-80 DEG C, relative humidity is 70%-80%, and the process time is 20-30min；
(3) vacuum decortication: fruit and vegerable are immediately placed in vacuum tank after humid heat treatment while hot, and suction is
0.09-0.098MPa, controls vacuum chamber temperature and is 20-25 DEG C, maintain vacuum environment 45-75s, afterwards at 2s
Interior instantaneous vacuum breaker degree recovers to atmospheric pressure state in making vacuum chamber, makes fruit and vegerable skin breakage；(4) washing: through true
Fruit and vegerable water after the reason of vacancy rinses out epidermis.
Embodiment 3
The barking method of a kind of fruit and vegerable, can be applicable to the peeling of Fructus Capsici.Concretely comprise the following steps: (1) Fructus Capsici is cleaned:
Fructus Capsici to be removed the peel is cleaned up, removes the impurity such as epidermis earth, dust；(2) humid heat treatment: will clean
After Fructus Capsici be placed in constant temperature damp heat box, adjust temperature be 80-90 DEG C, relative humidity is 80%-90%, process
Time is 30min；(3) vacuum decortication: fruit and vegerable are immediately placed in vacuum tank after humid heat treatment while hot, takes out true
Reciprocal of duty cycle is 0.09-0.098MPa, controls vacuum chamber temperature and is 15-20 DEG C, maintains vacuum environment 90s, exist afterwards
Recover to atmospheric pressure state in instantaneous vacuum breaker degree makes vacuum chamber in 2s, make Fructus Capsici skin breakage；(4) washing:
Fruit and vegerable water after application of vacuum rinses out epidermis.
Embodiment 4
The barking method of a kind of fruit and vegerable, can be applicable to the peeling of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti.Specifically include following steps: (1) is western
Red Fructus Kaki cleans: is cleaned up by Fructus Lycopersici esculenti to be removed the peel, removes the impurity such as epidermis earth, dust；(2) damp and hot
Processing: the Fructus Lycopersici esculenti after cleaning is placed in constant temperature damp heat box, adjust temperature and be 45-50 DEG C, relative humidity is
60%-70%, processes 10-15min；(3) vacuum decortication: Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is immediately placed on after humid heat treatment while hot
In vacuum tank, suction is 0.09-0.098MPa, and controlling vacuum chamber temperature is 25 DEG C, maintains vacuum environment
30-40s, in 2s, instantaneous vacuum breaker degree recovers to atmospheric pressure state in making vacuum chamber afterwards, makes tomato skin
Rupture；(4) washing: the Fructus Lycopersici esculenti water after application of vacuum rinses out epidermis.
Embodiment 5
The barking method of a kind of fruit and vegerable, can be applicable to the peeling of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi.Specifically include following steps: (1) Rhizoma Solani tuber osi
Clean: Fructus Lycopersici esculenti to be removed the peel is cleaned up, removes the impurity such as epidermis earth, dust；(2) humid heat treatment:
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi after cleaning is placed in constant temperature damp heat box, and adjusting temperature is 55 DEG C, and relative humidity is 80%, processes
20-25min；(3) vacuum decortication: Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is immediately placed in vacuum tank after humid heat treatment while hot, suction
For 0.09-0.098MPa, controlling vacuum chamber temperature is 30 DEG C, maintains vacuum environment 50-60s, afterwards at 2s
Interior instantaneous vacuum breaker degree recovers to atmospheric pressure state in making vacuum chamber, makes Rhizoma Solani tuber osi skin breakage；(4) washing: through true
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi water after the reason of vacancy rinses out epidermis.
Embodiment 6
The barking method of a kind of fruit and vegerable, can be applicable to the peeling of Radix Ipomoeae.Specifically include following steps: (1) Radix Ipomoeae
Clean: sweet potato washing to be removed the peel is clean, remove the impurity such as epidermis earth, dust；(2) humid heat treatment:
Radix Ipomoeae after cleaning is placed in constant temperature damp heat box, and adjusting temperature is 65 DEG C, and relative humidity is 85%, processes
25-35min；(3) vacuum decortication: Radix Ipomoeae is immediately placed in vacuum tank after humid heat treatment while hot, suction
For 0.09-0.098MPa, controlling vacuum chamber temperature is 20 DEG C, maintains vacuum environment 60-90s, afterwards at 2s
Interior instantaneous vacuum breaker degree recovers to atmospheric pressure state in making vacuum chamber, makes Radix Ipomoeae skin breakage；(4) washing: through true
Radix Ipomoeae use water after the reason of vacancy rinses out epidermis.
Embodiment 7
For verify the present invention decortication effect, the present embodiment by the barking method of embodiment 3-embodiment 6 respectively with
Machine barking, chemical peeling, steam peeling, hot water four kinds of traditional barking methods of peeling compare.Chemistry goes
The condition of skin be concentration be 10% NaOH solution in 95 DEG C soak 120s；Steam peeling condition is that normal pressure steams
Vapour processes 60s；Hot water barking method is for be immersed in 1min in boiling water by fruit and vegerable, and hands excoriates.Above-mentioned each peeling
Method detects product yield after removing the peel, peeling rate and the ascorbic content of product after processing.
Product quality × 100% before the quality/peeling of product yield=gone skin product；
Peeling rate=remove the peel product gross mass × 100% before product quality/peeling completely；
Measuring of Vc content uses the method for GB/T12392-1990 to measure.
Each barking method is relatively shown in Table 1 to Fructus Capsici decortication effect.
The impact on Fructus Capsici decortication effect of several barking method of table 1
| Barking method | Product yield % | Peeling rate % | Vc(mg/100g) |
| Machine barking | - | - | 148* |
| Steam peeling | 90 | 40 | 136 |
| Chemical peeling | 65 | 90 | 95 |
| Hot water is removed the peel | 80 | 10 | 123 |
| Embodiment 3 | 95 | 100 | 110 |
Note: "-" represents that the method cannot operate, it is impossible to for the peeling of this fruit and vegetable food, " * " represents peeling
Front Vc content.
As shown in Table 1, the peeling to Fructus Capsici of the present invention thought that relatively conventional barking method was good, and product yield is high,
And loss to Vc is less.
Each barking method is relatively shown in Table 2 to Fructus Lycopersici esculenti decortication effect.
The impact on Fructus Lycopersici esculenti decortication effect of several barking method of table 2
| Barking method | Product yield % | Peeling rate % | Vc(mg/100g) |
| Machine barking | - | - | 36* |
| Steam peeling | 97 | 100 | 20 |
| Chemical peeling | 70 | 85 | 6 |
| Hot water is removed the peel | 98 | 100 | 17 |
| Embodiment 3 | 97 | 100 | 19 |
As shown in Table 2, the present invention has a preferable decortication effect to Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, and to the damage of Vc relatively
Little.
Each barking method is relatively shown in Table 3 to potato decortication effect.
The impact on potato decortication effect of several barking method of table 3
| Barking method | Product yield % | Peeling rate % | Vc(mg/100g) |
| Machine barking | 80 | 98 | 23* |
| Steam peeling | 97 | 100 | 18 |
| Chemical peeling | 60 | 90 | 5 |
| Hot water is removed the peel | 95 | 100 | 17 |
| Embodiment 3 | 97 | 100 | 18 |
As shown in Table 3, the present invention has preferable decortication effect to Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, and the damage to Vc is relatively small.
Each barking method is relatively shown in Table 4 to Radix Ipomoeae decortication effect.
The impact on Radix Ipomoeae decortication effect of several barking method of table 4
| Barking method | Product yield % | Peeling rate % | Vc(mg/100g) |
| Machine barking | 80 | 98 | 30* |
| Steam peeling | 90 | 100 | 20 |
| Chemical peeling | 65 | 90 | 5 |
| Hot water is removed the peel | 95 | 85 | 16 |
| Embodiment 3 | 95 | 100 | 18 |
As shown in Table 4, the present invention has preferable decortication effect to Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, and the damage to Vc is relatively small.
Claims (4)
1. the barking method of fruit and vegerable, it is characterised in that specifically include following steps: (1) fruit and vegerable clean: will
Fruit-vegetable clear wash clean to be removed the peel, removes the impurity such as epidermis earth, dust；(2) humid heat treatment: after cleaning
Fruit and vegerable be placed in constant temperature damp heat box, adjust temperature be 45-90 DEG C, relative humidity is 60%-90%, process
10-50min；(3) vacuum decortication: fruit and vegerable are immediately placed in vacuum tank after humid heat treatment while hot, suction
For 0.09-0.098MPa, control vacuum chamber temperature and be 15-30 DEG C, maintain vacuum environment 30-90s, exist afterwards
Recover to atmospheric pressure state in instantaneous vacuum breaker degree makes vacuum chamber in 2s, make fruit and vegerable skin breakage；(4) washing:
Fruit and vegerable water after application of vacuum rinses out epidermis.
The barking method of a kind of fruit and vegerable the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that wet in described step (2)
Heat treatment temperature is 55-80 DEG C, and relative humidity is 70%-80%, and the process time is 20-30min.
The barking method of a kind of fruit and vegerable the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that true in described step (3)
During empty decortication, the temperature in vacuum tank maintains between 20-25 DEG C.
The barking method of a kind of fruit and vegerable the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described fruit and vegerable include Fructus Capsici,
Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Radix Ipomoeae.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610260776.6A CN105852161A (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2016-04-25 | Peeling method for fruits and vegetables |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610260776.6A CN105852161A (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2016-04-25 | Peeling method for fruits and vegetables |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105852161A true CN105852161A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
Family
ID=56628317
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610260776.6A Pending CN105852161A (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2016-04-25 | Peeling method for fruits and vegetables |
Country Status (1)
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107751938A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-06 | 吕燕强 | A kind of preparation method of bean cotyledon Randia cochinchinensis |
| CN111955757A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-20 | 上海云喷餐饮管理有限公司 | Method and equipment for peeling fruits and vegetables |
| CN112617249A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-04-09 | 北京工商大学 | Efficient physical peeling method for soybean seeds |
| CN112916082A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-08 | 北京工商大学 | Physical-based efficient corn kernel peeling method |
| CN114146117A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-08 | 新疆农业科学院农产品贮藏加工研究所 | Cistanche deserticola peeling method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107751938A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-06 | 吕燕强 | A kind of preparation method of bean cotyledon Randia cochinchinensis |
| CN111955757A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-20 | 上海云喷餐饮管理有限公司 | Method and equipment for peeling fruits and vegetables |
| CN112617249A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-04-09 | 北京工商大学 | Efficient physical peeling method for soybean seeds |
| CN112916082A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-08 | 北京工商大学 | Physical-based efficient corn kernel peeling method |
| CN112617249B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2022-02-18 | 北京工商大学 | Efficient physical peeling method for soybean seeds |
| CN112916082B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2022-03-01 | 北京工商大学 | Physical-based efficient corn kernel peeling method |
| CN114146117A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-08 | 新疆农业科学院农产品贮藏加工研究所 | Cistanche deserticola peeling method |
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Application publication date: 20160817 |