CN105848473A - Hybrid composite coated animal litter compositions - Google Patents
Hybrid composite coated animal litter compositions Download PDFInfo
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- CN105848473A CN105848473A CN201480070505.3A CN201480070505A CN105848473A CN 105848473 A CN105848473 A CN 105848473A CN 201480070505 A CN201480070505 A CN 201480070505A CN 105848473 A CN105848473 A CN 105848473A
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- granule
- sieve
- agglomerated
- sand
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 105
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 103
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 102
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 80
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000220289 Pedunculata Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 100
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 47
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000011146 organic particle Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007931 coated granule Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 208000035126 Facies Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010420 shell particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000014571 nuts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035943 smell Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102100031083 Uteroglobin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000203 Uteroglobin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004531 microgranule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940032147 starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0154—Litter comprising inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/12—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by mechanical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2601/00—Inorganic fillers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
Animal litter compositions having a non-agglomerated, organic, coated particle are described herein. Methods of manufacturing such litter compositions are also described.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates generally to animal litter (animal litter) compositions and the method producing animal litter compositions.
Background technology
As it is known in the art, caking animal litter is a kind of sand product, wherein granule contacts with liquid (such as urine)
Rear lump.Needing caking sand to be because it allows consumer to separate and remove the sand granule absorbing urine, Er Qiewei
Consumer is cost-effective, because whole sand need not be changed.
The tradition sand inorganic material that (including the sand that lumps), generally heavy dependence was relatively cumbersome, fine and close, the most packaged product
Product are the heaviest and are difficult to process for consumer.The main sand being made up of organic material, although generally density is relatively low, thus
Lighter in weight when as packaging material, but typically exhibit poor performance, the most poor abnormal smells from the patient controls or caking, Er Qieke
The growth of microorganism can be promoted.
Summary of the invention
In various aspects of the invention, it is provided that a kind of animal litter compositions, this animal litter compositions has relatively low
Density (thus lightweight), by part organic material and constitute in preferred embodiments by part inorganic material, with
And there is other favorable property.
Therefore, in brief, the present invention relates to a kind of animal litter compositions, it contains (i) and is substantially made up of organic material
Non-agglomerated granule (such as, the organic material of granule is not reunited together or assembles in bulk or become with any other material
Bunch)；And (ii) is in one layer of coating of this particle exterior surface.
In preferred embodiments, this coating comprises the inorganic material preferably acting as agglomeration agent.Other embodiment party
In case, this coating is not used as agglomeration agent.
In preferred embodiments, this organic material is made up of cellulosic material substantially；It is further preferred that this organic material
Material is made up of absorbefacient cellulosic material substantially.
In a specific embodiment, sand composition includes the corncob that its outer surface is coated by sodium bentonite
Grain.In another embodiment, sand composition includes the Testa Tritici coated by sodium bentonite, and implements at another
In scheme, sand composition includes the Semen Caryae Cathayensis shell granule coated by sodium bentonite.
The method that another aspect of the present invention relates to manufacturing animal litter.A kind of method includes that organic particle is sent by (i)
Enter coating machine (or other mixing arrangements)；(ii) liquid is added coating machine to form the organic particle of moistening；And (iii)
Granularity bentonite in the range of about 100 mesh to about 300 mesh is sent into coating machine to coat the organic particle of moistening.
Other targets and a feature part will be apparent to, and a part will be hereinafter particularly pointed out.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the method for the coated sand manufacturing the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the table of the feature showing the feature of exemplary and prior art sand.
Detailed description of the invention
It must be noted that as the most used, singulative " ", " a kind of " and
" it is somebody's turn to do " include plural thing, unless the other clear stipulaties of content.
Unless otherwise defined, the implication field related to the present invention of all technology the most used herein and scientific terminology
The implication that those of ordinary skill is generally understood is identical.Although having some with similar or equivalent method described herein with material can
For the enforcement of the present invention, but described herein be preferred material and method.
The numeral of all expression dispensings used in specification and claims, composition, reaction condition etc. all should be managed
Solve as the most all modifying with term " about ".Although illustrating and expressing the broad range of numerical range in theme herein
It is approximation with parameter, but the numerical value described in specific embodiment provides the most as accurately as possible.But, due to various test sides
All there is standard deviation in method, the most all numerical value comprise some inevitable error the most inherently.
Noun " mesh " herein and used in claims, " U.S. sieve " or " mesh of U.S. mesh series " are with the U.S.
ASTM E-11 regulation is as the criterion.Normal test sieve.
Describe mix, the formula of low-density coated animal litter and production mix the side of low-density coating animal litter
Method.In the following description, for reaching the purpose explained, it is shown that many specific detail, to provide different exemplary
Thorough understanding.But, it is readily apparent that embodiment of the present invention can for those of ordinary skill in the art
These specific detail are implemented.
Sand composition
The sand composition of the present invention includes coating, the organic particle of non-agglomerated.In preferred embodiments, coating
Comprising inorganic material, therefore this sand is the hybrid combination of organic material and inorganic material.In especially preferred embodiment, it is coated with
Layer includes inorganic agglomerated materials.But, other coatings, the coating being such as substantially made up of organic material or non-agglomerated material,
Can be used for other embodiments.In other embodiments, organic material and the combination of inorganic material, or agglomerated materials and non-knot
The combination of block of material, can be used as the coating material of this organic particle.
In specific embodiments, this granule is made up of absorbefacient cellulosic material substantially, and this coating is substantially by sodio
Bentonite is constituted.In one embodiment, this granule is the non-agglomerated granule comprising corncob granule.Implement at another
In scheme, this granule is the non-agglomerated granule comprising Testa Tritici.For example, other embodiments include comprising coffee grounds, mountain
Walnut shell particle, Endocarpium Juglandis granule, pedunculata pall granule, Cedrus deoclar (Roxb.) G. Don wood chip, pine sheet, other plant microgranule or combinations thereof
Non-agglomerated granule.In preferred embodiments, core is the most strong (such as, keeping structural intergrity for a long time)
Absorbent cellulosic material.
The organic material particles selecting the sand composition for the present invention can be carried out by their granularity and particle size distribution
Definition.For as herein described mixing, for low-density coated sand, certain particle size scope is preferred.An enforcement
In scheme, this organic material mainly (is made the material will be through the U.S. 6 sieve by granularity in the range of U.S. sieve-6 to U.S. sieve 50
But can be retained by No. 50 sieves of the U.S.) granule constitute.In another embodiment, organic material mainly by granularity in the U.S.
Sieve-8 is constituted to the granule in the range of U.S. sieve 50；In still another embodiment, organic material mainly by granularity U.S. sieve-
Granule in the range of 10 to U.S. sieve 40 is constituted；Further embodiment include main by granularity at U.S. sieve-10 to U.S. sieve
The organic material that granule in the range of 30 is constituted.Other embodiments include wherein organic material mainly by granularity U.S. sieve-
In the range of 12 to U.S. sieve 20, in the range of U.S. sieve-8 to U.S. sieve 20, in the range of U.S. sieve-8 to U.S. sieve 30, in U.S.
State's sieve-6 in the range of U.S. sieve 30, in the range of U.S. sieve-6 to U.S. sieve 40, at U.S. sieve-10 to U.S. sieve 14 scope
Those embodiments that interior and in the range of U.S. sieve-10 to U.S. sieve 20 granule is constituted.Preferably, this organic material
Grain uneven distribution in this particle size range.
The selected particle size range of the organic material of the sand composition of the present invention can be at least partially based on for selected by this sand
One or more specific organic materials.Such as, in one embodiment, organic material mainly by granularity U.S. sieve-10 to
Corncob granule in the range of U.S. sieve 40 is constituted.In another exemplary embodiment, organic material is mainly by granularity
Corncob granule in the range of U.S. sieve-10 to U.S. sieve 14 is constituted.In another exemplary, You Jicai
The main nut shell particle by granularity in the range of U.S. sieve-12 to U.S. sieve 20 of material is constituted.Another exemplary
The organic material constituted including the main Testa Tritici by granularity in the range of U.S. sieve-8 to U.S. sieve 20.Organic material can be used
Combination.Therefore, further embodiment includes the sand that wherein organic material is mainly made up of following mixture: granularity is in the about U.S.
Sieve-10 is to the corncob granule in the range of U.S. sieve 40 and granularity Testa Tritici in the range of about U.S. sieve-8 to U.S. sieve 20
Mixture；Granularity corncob granule in the range of about U.S. sieve-10 to U.S. sieve 14 and granularity about U.S. sieve-8 to
The mixture of the Testa Tritici in the range of U.S. sieve 20；Granularity corncob in the range of about U.S. sieve-10 to U.S. sieve 40
Grain and the mixture of granularity nut shell particle in the range of about U.S. sieve-12 to U.S. sieve 20.Other combination can be used.
The organic material of the sand composition of the present invention can be defined with its bulk density.In certain embodiments,
The bulk density of organic material is in about 30 to about 40 lb/ft3In the range of；In other embodiments, can use there is it
His bulk density or organic material of bulk density scope.
Organic material can be defined with the absorbability of their by volume percentages.In certain embodiments,
The absorbability of the by volume percentages of organic material is in the range of about 20% and about 70%, (such as, about 20%, 25%,
30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65% or 70%).Following equipment is used and in accordance with following step during mensuration
Rapid:
Equipment
Equipment includes: (a) is suitable to the sample splitter of product granularity sorting；(b) bulk density device (800 284-5779
Xinle (Seeduro)；Part number 151 charging hopper is together with 64P pallet)；(c) ruler, the chi of such as 12 inches；D () balance is (accurately
To 0.1 gram)；(e) absorption funnel；(f) ring support (4 inches) and trestle table (24 inches)；(g) graduated cylinder, 250 milliliters；Between (h)
Every timer；And (i) volume is about the specimen cup of 150 milliliters.
Step
The volume of this specimen cup the most identified below: (a) removes this specimen cup tare weight on balance, then is filled to cup edge；(b)
The quality of record water in gram；Owing to 1 gram of water is about 1 milliliter of volume, this is this specimen cup volume in terms of milliliter；C () will
Water is poured out, and the interior outside of thorough drying sample cup.
2. assemble hopper and carriage assembly.Close the sliding gate of feed hopper bottom.
3. assemble ring support and trestle table, absorption funnel is positioned above graduated cylinder, so that the discharging tube end amount of stretching into
1/2 inch to 1 inch of cylinder.Bottom closing funnel.
4. the representative part of acquirement sample, and isolated enough fills the amount of the hopper about 3/4 of bulk density device.
Pour separating sample into hopper.
5. on balance, remove specimen cup tare weight.
6. specimen cup is positioned immediately below the gate opening of hopper 23/4At Ying Cun.Open rapidly bunker gate.Make sample
Fill up specimen cup and overflow in lower tray.Before all samples flow out hopper, specimen cup or closed shutter must not be shaken.
7. with ruler make saw motion the material in specimen cup is repaiied to cup along flushing.Before equating, must not shake or
Compression samples.
8. weigh specimen cup content and be accurate to 0.1 gram and record.This is this sample quality in gram.The volume of sample
Volume equal to this specimen cup.
9. pour sample into absorption funnel.
10. on balance, remove the tare weight of 250 milliliters of graduated cylinders, be then filled to about with the water that cold water faucet picks out
250 milliliters.Weigh the water in this graduated cylinder, and record water quality in gram.This is water initial weight (W in gramInitially) and
Water initial volume (V in terms of milliliterInitially)。
This water is added the sample in funnel by 11..Sample is made to soak 10 minutes.
12. tare weights again removing these 250 milliliters of graduated cylinders on balance, are then placed on the lower section of funnel discharging tube.
13., after soaking 10 minutes, open clamp, make the water in funnel enter graduated cylinder through 5 minutes.
Then 14. unclamp discharging tube to release any water that may be trapped with finger extruding.
The graduated cylinder of dress water is positioned on balance by 15., the water that record funnel is discharged weight in gram.This is in gram
Water final weight (WFinally) and water final volume (V in terms of milliliterFinally)。
Calculate and absorb percent by volume
Volume (the milliliter)=V of the water absorbedInitially(water initial volume)-VFinally(water final volume)
Absorption percentage by weight can be carried out as follows and be similar to calculating:
Weight (gram)=W of the water absorbedInitially(water initial weight)-WFinally(water final weight)
In the sand composition of the present invention, core organic particle is applied.In preferred embodiments, coating includes knot
Block agent；That is, when moistening, cause the material that adjacent particle bonds.Representational agglomeration agent includes, such as, and bentonite (such as sodium
Base bentonite), guar gum, starch, xanthan gum, Radix Acaciae senegalis, acacin, silica gel and other mineral, and theirs is mixed
Compound.In one embodiment, agglomeration agent includes bentonite.
In a preferred embodiment, agglomeration agent includes sodium bentonite.Industrially, sodium bentonite is described
For " dilatancy " clay, because when absorbing moisture, the granule of sodium bentonite increases in granularity and volume.It addition, sodio
Bentonite clay particle shows gluey character when moistening, and this character promotes sodium bentonite when applying liquid (such as urine)
The caking of grain.In another embodiment, agglomeration agent includes the mixture of sodium bentonite and guar gum.
When using sodium bentonite as agglomeration agent or to use sodium bentonite in agglomeration agent, bentonitic bulk density
Generally at 600 to 1125kg/m3In the range of (such as, 600kg/m3、700kg/m3、800kg/m3、900kg/m3、1000kg/m3Or
1100kg/m3).Such as, in a specific embodiment, the bulk density of sodium bentonite is about 1125kg/m3(about 70 pounds/
Foot3)。
In one embodiment, in this low-density sand the moisture percentage of sodium bentonite between about between 6% and 7%
(such as, 6.1%, 6.2%, 6.3%, 6.4%, 6.5%, 6.6%, 6.7%, 6.8% or 6.9%).It is embodied as at one
In scheme, the moisture percentage of sodium bentonite is about 6.24%.
The bentonite of this low-density coated sand is preferably with powder or " fine powder " of 100 mesh to 300 mesh particle size ranges
Form be provided.In an exemplary embodiment, the Na-bentonite soil particle of about 200 mesh is used.
The method preparing sand composition
In general, preparation relates to coating organic particle according to the method for the sand composition of the present invention；It is preferably used
Agglomeration agent coats.In the embodiment depicted in fig. 1, such as, the method 100 by using steps described below produces and mixes
Low-density sand.In another embodiment, mix low close by the method production of the one or more steps of employing method 100
Degree sand.
In a step 102, screening is selected for the material of sand organic particle, to eliminate less than being selected for sand tool
The granule of the particle size range of body embodiment.Such as, organic particle can be screened to eliminate the granule of less than about No. 50 U.S. sieves；
It is highly preferred that organic particle can be screened to eliminate the granule of less than about No. 40 U.S. sieves.In other embodiments, screening has
Machine composition granule is to eliminate less than about No. 30 U.S. sieves, less than about No. 20 U.S. sieves or the granule of less than about No. 14 U.S. sieves.Can profit
By commercially available vibrosieve, other devices being suitable for maybe can be used to eliminate the granule of desired particle size.
At step 104, screening is selected for the material of sand organic particle, to eliminate more than being selected for sand tool
The granule of the particle size range of body embodiment.Such as, organic particle can be screened to eliminate the granule of greater than about No. 6 U.S. sieves；
It is highly preferred that organic particle can be screened to eliminate those granules being greater than about No. 8 U.S. sieves.In other embodiments, sieve
Select organic particle to eliminate greater than about No. 10 U.S. sieves or the granule of greater than about No. 12 U.S. sieves.Equally, may utilize commercially available shaking
Dynamic sieve, or other devices being suitable for.
In step 106, the organic particle of certain particle size is put in seed-coating machine to stir granule.This contributes to reducing carefully
Powder, thus contribute to reducing dust.In the exemplary of method 100, in step 108, enter bag at organic granular
Prior to or just when clothing machine (enrober), organic particle is weighed, then granule is sprayed water 110.
The water yield that adds (as discussed below, its can add seed-coating machine, coating machine (coater) or the two) typically at least portion
Divide and depend on that (as discussed below, it can be by being applied in coating by the weight of the coating material of applying in coating step 116
The volume of organic material determines).Such as, in one embodiment, the water added according to the method 100 preparing sand composition
Weight between coating material weight about between 10% and 100% (such as, about 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%,
35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 100%).Example
As, in another embodiment, the weight of the water added is between the about (example between 15% and 45% of coating material weight
As, about 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40% or 45%).Such as, in a specific embodiment, added
The weight of water is about 1/3rd of coating material weight.
In an alternate embodiment, as discussed, appropriate water can be added (or separately in step 110
In one embodiment, add in coating machine, or in still another embodiment, part in step 110 add and part in
Coating machine adds) to reach concrete target moisture content.In this embodiment, step 110 is further comprising the steps of: really
Determine the initial moisture content of organic particle, determine the target water content at the end of step 110, and based on a determination that initial aqueous
Amount and the target water content determined calculate the water yield to be added in order to reach target water content.In one embodiment, add
Enter the target water content that appropriate water reached and be about 5% to 60% (such as, about 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%,
30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55% or 60%).In another embodiment, add what appropriate water was reached
Target water content is about 50% to 60% (such as, about 50%, 53%, 55%, 58% or 60%).In further embodiment
In, add the target water content that appropriate water reached be about 30% to 40% (such as, about 30%, 33%, 35%, 37% or
40%).Such as, in a specific embodiment, organic particle be initial water content be the corncob granule of 8%, step
Rapid 110 target water content when completing are 58%, and adding the water yield to corncob granule is the 50% of corncob particle weight.
Water preferably adds with certain flow rate, and this flow velocity allows water to be uniformly applied to granule, makes granule obtain the most equal
The water content of one.In the range of those parameters, it is usually preferred to flow velocity faster.
In step 112, coating machine coats organic particle (such as, with sodium bentonite).For example, can use
Centrifugal cladding process.Such as, when coating machine rotates, a collection of organic particle can be sent into coating machine 114.
In some embodiments, when coating machine the most when rotated, coating machine can be added water to.Add the water yield of coating machine
Can be the total Water (determined as described above) being chosen or otherwise determining formation for sand granule a part or
All.Accordingly, it is determined that after total Water to be added, can this water yield be added in seed-coating machine, add in coating machine, or part adds
Enter part in seed-coating machine to add in coating machine.
Such as, in one embodiment, about 75% addition seed-coating machine of the total Water that will add, and by this water yield
About 25% addition coating machine.It is used as other ratios, such as 95% seed-coating machine/5% coating machine, 80% seed-coating machine/
20% coating machine, 70% seed-coating machine/30% coating machine, 50% seed-coating machine/50% coating machine, 25% seed-coating machine/75% coating machine,
And 10% seed-coating machine/90% coating machine.
In step 116, coating material (such as, agglomeration agent, such as sodium bentonite) is metered into coating machine.Typically
From the point of view of, add the amount volume based on organic particle of the coating material of coating machine.Such as, in one embodiment, often
The organic particle of cubic feet adds sodium bentonite between about 4 pounds to about 30 pounds (such as, about 4 pounds, 5 pounds, 6
Pound, 7 pounds, 8 pounds, 9 pounds, 10 pounds, 11 pounds, 12 pounds, 13 pounds, 14 pounds, 15 pounds, 16 pounds, 17 pounds, 18 pounds, 19 pounds, 20 pounds, 21 pounds, 22
Pound, 23 pounds, 24 pounds, 25 pounds, 26 pounds, 27 pounds, 28 pounds, 29 pounds or 30 pounds).Such as, in another embodiment, at every cube
The organic material of foot adds sodium bentonite between about 15 pounds to about 20 pounds (such as, about 15 pounds, 16 pounds, 17 pounds,
18 pounds, 19 pounds or 20 pounds).In still another embodiment, in the organic particle of every cubic feet, add the sodium of about 18 pounds
Base bentonite, and this organic particle is mainly made up of corncob granule or pedunculata pall coarse grain.Coating material can be used
Other relative quantities.The relative quantity of coating material and organic granular can be determined by the weight of coating material and organic granular.Example
As, in one embodiment, the weight of sodium bentonite approximates the weight adding the organic granular to coating machine.
Supplement as based on bentonitic agglomeration agent or substitute, other coating materials of such as guar gum can be added
In coating machine.Such material when as supplement use time, can with bentonite together as mixture add, or they
Individually can be added by separate step.
In one example, before agglomeration agent (such as, bentonite, such as sodium bentonite) is fed in coating machine
When or, agglomeration agent is heated to improve its gelation efficiency.
Along with bentonite (or other coating materials) is metered into the chamber to coating machine, it and wet, having of rotating
Machine granule knot is incorporated on organic granular formation coating.
In one example, add, in about 30 seconds, the coating material added in step 116.In other examples,
Coating material is added in about 15 seconds, 1 minute, 1.5 minutes or 2 minutes.When other can be used in other embodiments to add
Between.
In step 118, after adding coating material, mixture is further continued for spin for some time.Such as, this mixture
5 seconds, 10 seconds, 20 seconds or 30 seconds can be rotated again.In other embodiments, when after can using other coating, material rotates
Between, or after coating, rotational time can be about 0 second.
During or after step 118, optional atomization steps can be used, use water with atomization or injection the most on a small quantity
Coated organic granular.If using the atomization steps that this is optional, then calculate and producing coated organic sand granule mistake
During the water inventory that will add in journey, the water yield added in this atomization steps can be included.Atomization steps can be wherein
Water is also added in seed-coating machine, use in embodiment in coating machine or in seed-coating machine and coating machine.
Such as, in one embodiment, the whole water added in producing coated organic sand granule are about
85% is added in seed-coating machine, and adds about the 15% of these water in atomization steps.In another embodiment,
About the 85% of these water is added in seed-coating machine, and adds about the 15% of these water in atomization steps.Another
In individual embodiment, about the 20% of these water is added in seed-coating machine, and about the 75% of these water is added into coating machine
In, and in atomization steps, add about the 5% of these water.The non-limiting example of other ratios that can use is:
90% seed-coating machine/10% atomization steps；40% seed-coating machine/40% coating machine/10% atomization steps；70% seed-coating machine/20% is coated with
Cover machine/10% atomization steps；50% seed-coating machine/35% coating machine/15% atomization steps；15% seed-coating machine/75% coating machine/
10% atomization steps；And 10% seed-coating machine/85% coating machine/5% atomization steps.Preferably, add not in atomization steps
Exceed the 15% of whole water to be added.
Supplementing or substituting as coating machine, it is also possible to be suitable to other be combined organic slug particle with coating material and water
Mixing arrangement or equipment (such as blender or blender) for preparing the coated granule of sand of the present invention.
In the step 120, coated granule is transferred to exsiccator.Dry run is preferably removed in coated granule
Water, and the most do not remove coating or the most do not damage finished product.In certain embodiments, fluidized bed dryer is used.
Generally, by coated particle drying to water content in the range of about 5% to about 15% (such as, about 5%, about 7%, about
9%, about 11%, about 13% or about 15%).In another embodiment, such as, by coated particle drying to water content
In the range of about 7% to about 10% (such as, about 7%, about 8%, about 9% or about 10%).In a specific embodiment,
Such as, the final water content of coated sand product is about 8%.In another embodiment, by coated granule
It is dried to the moisture level that be enough to make coated granule to obtain relatively uniform outward appearance.
In step 122, there is another screening process.Vibrosieve can be used to remove the sieve of greater than about U.S. sieve 6
The coated granule of hole dimension.In another embodiment, the granule that will be greater than the about screen size of U.S. sieve 8 moves
Remove.The coated granule of any excess separated in screening process, can such as be ground and add to other sand products
Or in other abnormal smells from the patients or moisture control product.
Can optionally add various additive.Additive can include such as odor control agent, aromatic, antimicrobial
Agent, antitack agent, pH controlling agent, for coloring powder, dyestuff, coloring agent and/or colored particles, dedusting agent, disinfectant or
Combinations thereof.
Can be by other materials of the most uncoated organic granular, non-swelling clay particle or other organic or inorganic materials
Material is combined with coated organic granular, obtains the sand product being blended.
Compared with existing sand product, the various property lists of the coated sand product of the present invention reveal and significantly improve.
For example, the density of the coated sand composition of the present invention is relatively low compared with other sand products.Generally, example
As, the density of coated sand product is in about 35 and 50 lb/ft3Between.In one embodiment, coated sand product
Density in about 37 and 46 lb/ft3Between (such as, about 37 lb/ft3, 38 lb/ft3, 39 lb/ft3, 40 pounds/English
Chi3, 41 lb/ft3, 42 lb/ft3, 43 lb/ft3, 44 lb/ft3, 45 lb/ft3, 46 lb/ft3Or 47 pounds/English
Chi3).In a specific embodiment, the density of coated sand product is about 38 lb/ft3.A specific embodiment party
In case, the density of coated sand product is about 45 lb/ft3。
With tradition sand facies ratio, the sand composition of the present invention provides significant advantage.With conventional clay sand facies ratio, the present invention
Sand composition allow the major part that uses organic material to substitute the clay used in this kind of conventional clay sand.Except reducing clay
Amount (and reducing the amount of clay dust produced by sand the most potentially) and contribute to reducing density, such sand provides agriculture
The purposes of industry byproduct material (such as, corncob, shuck, coffee grounds, Testa Tritici, bark and other agricultural by products).
The conventional low density sand facies ratio being made up of organic material with almost all, is used for coating the sand product of the present invention by inorganic material
(such as, bentonite) can suppress the growth of microorganism, and provides splendid abnormal flavour to control.As further benefit, and more
Uniform sand mixture is compared, and the caking sand of the present invention can provide more preferable agglomerate visibility, because when liquid contact sand,
The some parts of coating can be replaced and expose different colours or the core of matter structure.
By the advantage using organic material to be realized in the sand of the present invention, can't be supported by the performance that weakens of sand
Disappear.As shown in the table 200 of Fig. 2, in some exemplary 202,204,206 of the coated sand product of the present invention
In, the cohesion percentage ratio of agglomerate and agglomerate form percent absorption and meet or exceed the cohesion percentage ratio of agglomerate of existing clay-bonded sand 208
Percent absorption characteristic is formed with agglomerate.In an exemplary embodiment, the cohesion percentage ratio of agglomerate is (according to described below
Method records) be at least 50% (such as, at least 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90% or
95%).In another exemplary embodiment, (such as, at least 90%, 92%, the cohesion percentage ratio of agglomerate be at least 90%
94%, 96% or 98%).In another exemplary, the cohesion percentage ratio of agglomerate (is surveyed according to method as described below
) it is at least 95%.In another exemplary embodiment, the cohesion percentage ratio of agglomerate is at least 97%.
In an exemplary embodiment, (such as, at least 50%, agglomerate forms percent absorption is at least 50%
55%, 60%, 65%, 70% or 75%).In another exemplary embodiment, agglomerate forms percent absorption is at least
60% (such as, at least 60%, 65%, 70% or 75%).In another exemplary, agglomerate is formed and absorbs percentage
Ratio is at least 70% (such as, at least 70% or 75%).
The table 200 provided in Fig. 2 also show the coated of the exemplary 202,204,206,208 of the present invention
Sand product root out sand (clay scooping litter) 210 with conventional clay compared with density.Use such as organic material (its
Natively for lightweight and will not reunite, pulverize, extrude or occur other change in the way of increasing its density) contribute to this
Low-density needed for the coated sand product acquisition of invention, and significantly improving relative to existing sand is provided.
Generally, organic granular is substantially coated by agglomeration agent.In one embodiment, such as, granule is applied and is more than
75%.In another embodiment, such as, granule is applied more than 85%, more than 95% or more than 99%.Preferably, it is coated with
Cover material to surround completely or coated granule.
In some embodiments, the size of the coated organic granular of the sand of the present invention is mainly at about U.S. sieve-8 to 30
In the range of.In other embodiments, the size of the coated organic granular of the sand of the present invention mainly about U.S. sieve-8 to
In the range of 20.In other embodiments, other size ranges can be used.
Embodiment
There is provided following non-limiting example to further illustrate the present invention.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that following
Technology disclosed in embodiment represents inventor and has been found that and show good scheme in an embodiment of the present invention, therefore can be by
Think and constitute its example implementing pattern.But, according to the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that without departing from this
In the case of bright spirit and scope, many changes can be carried out in disclosed specific embodiments, and still obtain identical or
Similar result.
Embodiment 1: use corncob granule to measure sand as organic material and formed
1. by 4.0 pounds of corncobs (particle size range is-10 to 40 U.S. sieves, and water content is 8.0%) and 2.0 pounds of water
Uniformly mixing, forms the corncob grain of 6.0 pounds of moistenings.
2. the corncob grain of moistening is added to the batch (-type) agricultural seed coating machine (Cimbria rotating (275RPM)
Heid, centrifugal coating machine CC10), in 30 seconds, add 3.45 pounds of sodium bentonite in powders (200 US mesh size) subsequently.
3. allow mixture continue to rotate 10 seconds.
4. then turn on the discharging opening of coating machine, and collect the material of discharge.The material collected weighs about 9.45 pounds.
The most then fluid bed dryer (Carrier) is used to be dried the final water content to 8.0% by all discharging material,
Obtain the final products weight of 7.45 pounds.
Embodiment 2: use Testa Tritici to measure sand as organic material and formed
With the sizes of 4.0 pounds Testa Tritici replacement of corn cob granule in the range of-8 U.S. are sieved to 20 U.S. sieves, repeat
Embodiment 1.As in Example 1, it is used for forming sand by 2.0 pounds of water and 3.45 pounds of bentonite in powder.It is being dried to 8.0%
After whole water content, final products weight is 7.45 pounds.
Embodiment 3: use Semen Caryae Cathayensis shell granule to measure sand as organic material and formed
With the sizes of 3.5 pounds Semen Caryae Cathayensis shell granule replacement of corn cob in the range of-8 U.S. are sieved to 20 U.S. sieves, weight
Multiple embodiment 1.As in Example 1, it is used for forming sand by 2.0 pounds of water and 3.45 pounds of bentonite in powder.It is being dried to 8.0%
After final water content, final products weight is 6.95 pounds.
Embodiment 4: use Pericarppium Armeniacae Amarum granule to measure sand as organic material and formed
According to the method described in embodiment 1, use the size of the 3.0 pounds Fructus Pruni in the range of-8 U.S. are sieved to 16 U.S. sieves
Core shell granule replacement of corn cob, and 1.0 pounds of water and 2.0 pounds of bentonite in powder form sand.Be dried to 8.0% the most aqueous
After amount, final products weight is 5 pounds.
Embodiment 5: measure sand and form clay-bonded sand control sample
According to the method described in embodiment 1, by the non-swelling clay particle of the reunions of 10.0 pounds, (water content is about
28%, and size is sieved in the range of 50 U.S. sieves in-6 U.S.) be combined with 3.45 pounds of bentonite in powder, prepare clay-bonded sand comparison
Sample.Being dried after the final water content of 8.0%, total product weight is 11.45 pounds.The sand of preparation in this embodiment is used as
Existing sand, for the purpose of the table 200 of Fig. 2.
Embodiment 6 bulk density is measured
Use and fill hopper (Seedburo filling funnel and support (Seedburo Filling Hopper And
Stand), opening diameter is 11/4Inch, capacity is about 2 dry measure pints), support and with pint metering specimen cup, according to following
The bulk density of program measurement embodiment 1-5:
1. sand is poured filling hopper into until filling.
The most then, empty pint cup is placed on balance, and balance is reset.
The most then, cup is placed in below filling hopper.The distance filled between hopper discharging and cup top edge sets
It is set to 2 inches.
The most then, open filling hopper discharging slide plate, allow product drop in the specimen cup of sky.Make sand flow dynamic until cup
Fill, then, then 1 to the 2 second spilling that flows.
The most then, ruler is used to be removed from cup top by unnecessary product；The content in cup is made to flush with the edge of cup.
The most then, the cup that will be equipped with sand is put back on balance, and records the weight of sand.
7. repeat step 1-6 tri-times.
8. use 1 gram of every dry measure pint (g/dry-pt) equal to 0.113358 pound of every cubic feet of (lb/ft3) conversion
Mass value is scaled lb/ft by coefficient3。
9. calculate average bulk density, and be shown in the table 200 of Fig. 2.With reference to this table, wherein clearly show, the present invention
202, embodiment 1-4 of 204,206,208 is less than the density of embodiment 5 (conventional clay roots out sand 210).
Embodiment 7 agglomerate is formed and cohesion
Sand absorption urine the ability forming agglomerate are to weigh the Key Performance Indicator of caking sand.Check according to following procedure
The agglomerate of embodiment 1-5 forms percent absorption and agglomerate is cohesion:
1. the sieve with 3/4 " the 8 of sieve mesh " diameter is stacked on screen tray top, and is positioned over the bottom of supporting support.
2. it is connected to trapdoor assembly support support, and is positioned over 3/4 " above Shai at 10 inches.
3. the representative sample of the material described in embodiment 1 is added to sand test panel.The degree of depth of material is 3 English
Very little.
4. Self-leveling 25mL burette is placed on 3 inches, sand surface on the supporting bracket.With this device by
The 25mL aliquot of 3.0% saline solution is distributed to sand surface, forms agglomerate in sand.This is repeated in each position of emery disc
Process, until forming the agglomerate of desirable number.Select position overlapping with the agglomerate avoided be previously formed.
5., after 15 minutes, from sand, remove agglomerate, be W1 by its quality record.
The most then, agglomerate is placed in step 2 central authorities of the trapdoor mechanism assembled.
The most then, start control bar discharge trapdoor, allow agglomerate fall 3/4 " test sieve on.
8. by allow discrete material in the way of agglomerate drops rather than in the way of agglomerate suffers excessive wear, carefully
Agglomerate is removed from sieve.(if agglomerate is broken into fragment, then select 3/4 " on sieve retain maximum fragment.If on sieve
Do not leave any material, then result is zero (0) weight).
9. pair agglomerate or maximum fragment are weighed, and recording quality is W2.
10. repeat this program with the sand of embodiment 2,3,4 and 5.
11. be calculated according to the following equation agglomerate formed percent absorption:
Agglomerate forms percent absorption (%)=(liquid quality of interpolation/(liquid quality that W1-adds)) × 100]
Wherein, the liquid quality of interpolation is calculated by the amount of liquid (25mL) is multiplied by its density.
In 12. pairs of embodiments 1-5, the sand of preparation calculates the average agglomerate formation percent absorption of all agglomerates, and is shown in figure
Under in the table 200 of 2, agglomerate forms percent absorption (%) gauge outfit.
13. percentage ratios using the interior cluster value of equation below calculating:
Cohesion percentage ratio=[W2 (final weight)/W1 (initial weight)] × 100
The interior cluster value percentage ratio of 14. pairs of all agglomerates is averaged, and result is shown in the table 200 of Fig. 2 in 15 minutes agglomerates
Under poly-percentage ratio (%) gauge outfit.
Seeing table 200, wherein clearly show, each embodiment forms agglomerate, and this when running into applied liquid
Bright embodiment 1-4 (sand comprises corncob 202, Testa Tritici 204, Semen Caryae Cathayensis shell 206 and Pericarppium Armeniacae Amarum 208 respectively) has with right
Higher liquid absorption capacity (agglomerate formation percent absorption) is compared according to sand 210.Additionally, table 200 clearly shows, the present invention's
The interior cluster value percentage ratio (the 15 minutes cohesion percentage ratio of agglomerate) of embodiment 1-4 (202,204,206,208) is rooted out with conventional clay
Sand 210 is suitable.
Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention can be made by those of ordinary skill in the art
Variations and modifications are so that it is applicable to various application and situation.Therefore, these change and modifications is rightly, the most also
And within falling within the whole equivalency range of appended claims wittingly.
Should be appreciated that the variations and modifications making currently preferred embodiment as herein described are for this area
Technical staff will be apparent from.Can without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and do not weaken its expection advantage premise
Under make this type of and change and modifications.Therefore, these change and modifications and are intended to be contained by appended claims.
Claims (25)
1. an animal litter compositions, it comprises the organic granular of (i) many non-agglomerated, and the organic granular of described non-agglomerated is selected from
Corncob granule, Testa Tritici, pedunculata pall granule and Semen Caryae Cathayensis shell granule；And the painting on the outer surface of (ii) described granule
Layer, described coating comprises bentonite.
Compositions the most according to claim 1, the granule of wherein said non-agglomerated is corncob granule.
Compositions the most according to claim 1, wherein said coating comprises sodium bentonite.
Compositions the most according to claim 1, the granule of wherein said non-agglomerated has about U.S. sieve-6 to U.S. sieve 50
Size range.
Compositions the most according to claim 1, the granule of wherein said non-agglomerated has about U.S. sieve-10 to U.S. sieve 40
Size range.
Compositions the most according to claim 2, the granule of wherein said non-agglomerated has about U.S. sieve-10 to U.S. sieve 14
Size range.
Compositions the most according to claim 1, wherein said sand composition has in the range of about 5% to about 15%
Water content.
Compositions the most according to claim 1, wherein said sand composition has the agglomerate of at least 50% and forms absorption hundred
Proportion by subtraction.
Compositions the most according to claim 1, wherein said sand composition has the cohesion percentage ratio of agglomerate of at least 75%.
Compositions the most according to claim 3, wherein said granule is substantially coated by sodium bentonite.
11. 1 kinds of methods manufacturing animal litter compositions, comprising:
I (), by the organic granular of non-agglomerated and liquid mixing, obtains wet organic granular；
(ii) described wet organic granular is fed in mixing arrangement；And
(iii) would have about 100 mesh to the bentonite of the size range of about 300 mesh to be fed in described mixing arrangement coat institute
State wet organic granular.
12. methods according to claim 11, it also includes: (iv) by described coated particle drying to 5% to
Water content in the range of 15%.
13. methods according to claim 11, the granule of wherein said non-agglomerated selected from corncob granule, Testa Tritici,
Semen Caryae Cathayensis shell granule, pedunculata pall granule, Endocarpium Juglandis granule, wood particle, soybean cover granule and cotton seed hull granule.
14. methods according to claim 11, wherein said coating comprises sodium bentonite.
15. methods according to claim 13, the granule of wherein said non-agglomerated has about U.S. sieve-6 to U.S. sieve 50
Size range.
16. methods according to claim 13, the granule of wherein said non-agglomerated is to have about U.S. sieve-10 to U.S. sieve
The corncob granule of the size range of 40.
17. methods according to claim 13, the granule of wherein said non-agglomerated is to have about U.S. sieve-10 to U.S. sieve
The corncob granule of the size range of 14.
18. methods according to claim 11, wherein said sand composition has the agglomerate of at least 50% and forms absorption hundred
Proportion by subtraction.
19. methods according to claim 11, wherein said sand composition has the cohesion percentage ratio of agglomerate of at least 50%.
20. methods according to claim 11, wherein said granule is substantially coated by sodium bentonite.
21. 1 kinds of animal litter compositionss, it comprises the corncob granule of (i) many non-agglomerated, the jade of wherein said non-agglomerated
Rice cob granule has about U.S. sieve-8 size range to U.S. sieve 40；(ii) Na-bentonite on the outer surface of described granule
Soil coating, wherein said granule is more than about 50% by the coating of described sodium bentonite；And (iii) wherein said sand composition tool
The agglomerate having at least 50% forms percent absorption and the cohesion percentage ratio of agglomerate of at least 75%.
22. animal litter compositionss according to claim 21, the corncob granule of wherein said many non-agglomerated has
About U.S. sieve-8 is to the size range of U.S. sieve 20.
23. animal litter compositionss according to claim 21, the corncob granule of wherein said many non-agglomerated has
About U.S. sieve-8 is to the size range of U.S. sieve 14.
24. animal litter compositionss according to claim 21, wherein said granule is more than by the coating of described sodium bentonite
About 75%.
25. animal litter compositionss according to claim 21, wherein said granule is more than by the coating of described sodium bentonite
About 85%.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201361922164P | 2013-12-31 | 2013-12-31 | |
| US61/922,164 | 2013-12-31 | ||
| PCT/IB2014/067247 WO2015101901A1 (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2014-12-22 | Hybrid composite coated animal litter compositions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105848473A true CN105848473A (en) | 2016-08-10 |
Family
ID=52355022
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201480070505.3A Pending CN105848473A (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2014-12-22 | Hybrid composite coated animal litter compositions |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20150181831A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3089581A1 (en) |
| JP (2) | JP6602767B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105848473A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2014375004B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112016015161B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2934169A1 (en) |
| CL (1) | CL2016001691A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2016008558A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2675518C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015101901A1 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110944506A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2020-03-31 | 密执安特殊矿物公司 | Colored lightweight animal litter |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10383308B2 (en) | 2016-01-22 | 2019-08-20 | The Clorox Company | Clumping animal litter and method thereof |
| JP6194039B2 (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-06 | 株式会社大貴 | Water absorption treatment material and method for producing the same |
| JP6300995B1 (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2018-03-28 | 株式会社大貴 | Water absorption treatment material and method for producing the same |
| WO2021041088A1 (en) | 2019-08-23 | 2021-03-04 | Simply Paws Design, LLC | Animal litter and litter box system |
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- 2014-12-22 MX MX2016008558A patent/MX2016008558A/en unknown
- 2014-12-22 BR BR112016015161-5A patent/BR112016015161B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2014-12-22 CN CN201480070505.3A patent/CN105848473A/en active Pending
- 2014-12-22 US US14/579,413 patent/US20150181831A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-12-22 WO PCT/IB2014/067247 patent/WO2015101901A1/en active Application Filing
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| RU2675518C2 (en) | 2018-12-19 |
| AU2014375004B2 (en) | 2018-06-14 |
| EP3089581A1 (en) | 2016-11-09 |
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| JP6602767B2 (en) | 2019-11-06 |
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