CN105846704A - Power module, converter, charging method thereof and direct current fault self-cleaning method - Google Patents
Power module, converter, charging method thereof and direct current fault self-cleaning method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105846704A CN105846704A CN201610326336.6A CN201610326336A CN105846704A CN 105846704 A CN105846704 A CN 105846704A CN 201610326336 A CN201610326336 A CN 201610326336A CN 105846704 A CN105846704 A CN 105846704A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- brachium pontis
- wholly
- insulated gate
- gate bipolar
- bipolar transistor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/325—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection with means for allowing continuous operation despite a fault, i.e. fault tolerant converters
Abstract
The invention relates to a power module, a converter, a charging method thereof and a direct current fault self-cleaning method. In the power module, a first full control device is connected in series with a second full control device, and the second full control device is reversely connected in series with a third full control device. A first diode is reversely connected in parallel with the first full control device. A second diode is reversely connected in parallel with the second full control device. A third diode is reversely connected in parallel with the third full control device. The first full control device, the second full control device and the third full control device are connected in series and are connected in parallel with a capacitor. The power module is applied to the converter. When positive and negative electrode ends of the converter have a short circuit fault, all power modules are latched, and the sum of capacitance and voltage in all power modules in a possible access path of fault current is higher than alternating current voltage connected with the converter. Current does not pass through a current path in the possible access path of the fault current. Direct current side fault self-cleaning of the converter is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric and electronic technical field, particularly relate to power model and transverter and charging side thereof
Method and DC Line Fault self-cleaning method.
Background technology
Along with the development of Power Electronic Technique, high voltage, Large Copacity have become the weight of Power Electronic Technique
Want developing direction, high voltage, the jumbo the most numerous occasion of power electronics transverter have important application,
As: Light HVDC Transmission (Voltage Source Converter-High Voltage Direct Current,
VSC-HVDC), STATCOM (Static Synchronous Compensator, STATCOM),
Active Power Filter-APF (Active Power Filter, APF), high voltage converter etc., and just obtaining increasing
Pay close attention to.
High voltage, jumbo multilevel power electronic inverter have various topological structures, including based on
Two level block of valve group series connection, the many level block of diode clamp, the many level block of striding capacitance, combination
Converter structure, H bridge cascaded multilevel structure, modular multilevel structure (Modular Multilevel
Converter, MMC) etc..Wherein, H bridge cascaded multilevel structure, MMC structure are because having modularization
Design, to be easy to dilatation, exchange outlet side exit potential harmonic content few without advantages such as alternating current filters,
Electrical network has more successful Application.
Existing MMC structure all use half-H-bridge, H bridge or CDSM (Clamp Doulbe Sub-modular,
The double power model of clamp) (as shown in Figure 1) as power unit module, concatenated by the output port of module
Cascade reaches high voltage, jumbo purpose.Wherein SMnRepresent the n-th power model, UdcRepresent MMC
Converter DC-side voltage.
The MMC structure of existing employing half H slab bridge structure does not possess direct current self-cleaning ability, in DC side event
Need to be after all modules of locking during barrier, jumping AC circuit breaker could be by fault clearance, and flow process is complicated, and event is relatively
Long.The MMC transverter using CDSM structure possesses DC Line Fault self-cleaning ability, but the power used
In unit, components and parts are more, connect and control more complicated.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to for existing modularization multi-level converter or do not possess DC Line Fault from clear
Ability, or possess DC Line Fault and remove function but baroque problem, it is provided that a kind of new power model and
Transverter and charging method thereof and DC Line Fault self-cleaning method.
A kind of power model, including the first wholly-controled device, the second wholly-controled device, the 3rd wholly-controled device,
First diode, the second diode, the 3rd diode and electric capacity；
First wholly-controled device and the second wholly-controled device concatenation, the second wholly-controled device and the 3rd full-control type device
Part reversely concatenates；First diode and the first wholly-controled device reverse parallel connection, the second diode and second is controlled entirely
Type device reverse parallel connection, the 3rd diode and the 3rd wholly-controled device reverse parallel connection, the first wholly-controled device,
Second wholly-controled device and the 3rd wholly-controled device are in parallel with electric capacity after concatenating；
The tie point of the first wholly-controled device and the second wholly-controled device connects terminal as first, and the 3rd controls entirely
Type device is connected terminal with the tie point of electric capacity as second, and first connects terminal and second connects terminal conduct
The lead-out terminal of power model.
A kind of transverter, including first group of change of current brachium pontis, second group of change of current brachium pontis, first group of brachium pontis reactor,
Second group of brachium pontis reactor, three charging resistors, one group of three-phase isolation switch and one group of single-phase isolating switch,
The bar number of the change of current brachium pontis in first group of change of current brachium pontis and second group of change of current brachium pontis is three, first group of brachium pontis electricity
The number of the brachium pontis reactor in anti-device and second group of brachium pontis reactor is three；
The positive terminal of three articles of change of current brachium pontis in first group of change of current brachium pontis is all connected to the 3rd tie point, second group
The negative pole end of three articles of change of current brachium pontis in change of current brachium pontis is all connected to the 4th tie point；
Three bridges in the negative pole end of three change of current brachium pontis in first group of change of current brachium pontis and first group of brachium pontis reactor
One end of arm reactor connects one to one, the positive terminal of three change of current brachium pontis in second group of change of current brachium pontis with
In second group of brachium pontis reactor, one end of three brachium pontis reactors connects one to one, first group of brachium pontis reactor
In the other end one of three brachium pontis reactors in the other end of three brachium pontis reactors and second group of brachium pontis reactor
One corresponding connection；
The other end of the other end of first group of three brachium pontis reactor and second group of three brachium pontis reactor one a pair
Three tie points that should connect connect one to one with the three-phase of three-phase isolation switch, the three of three-phase isolation switch
In parallel with three charging resistor one_to_one corresponding；
Second disconnecting switch is connected between the 3rd tie point and the 4th tie point；
If any one change of current brachium pontis in first group of change of current brachium pontis and second group of change of current brachium pontis all includes concatenation
A dry above-mentioned power model, the second tie point in previous power model and the in later power model
One tie point connects, and after concatenation, the first tie point in the power model of stem is as the positive terminal of change of current brachium pontis,
The second tie point in the power model of afterbody is as the negative pole end of change of current brachium pontis.
Power model according to the invention described above and transverter, the first wholly-controled device and second in power model
Wholly-controled device concatenates, and the second wholly-controled device and the 3rd wholly-controled device reversely concatenate；First diode with
First wholly-controled device reverse parallel connection, the second diode and the second wholly-controled device reverse parallel connection, the three or two pole
Guan Yu tri-wholly-controled device reverse parallel connection, the first wholly-controled device, the second wholly-controled device and the 3rd are controlled entirely
Entirety after type device concatenation is in parallel with electric capacity, the first wholly-controled device and the tie point of the second wholly-controled device
With the tie point of the 3rd wholly-controled device and electric capacity as the lead-out terminal of power model；Implementing process
In, when normally working, control three wholly-controled device by control signal and turn off, the level that output needs,
Fail lockout power model, power model only possesses the current path to electric capacity charging；Apply at transverter
In, when transverter positive and negative is extremely short-circuited fault, if all power models of locking, fault simultaneously
Capacitance voltage in each power model and the alternating current that connected higher than transverter in the passage path that electric current is possible
Pressure, the current path in the passage path that fault current is possible would not have electric current to flow through, it is achieved transverter is straight
The self-cleaning of stream side fault, and compared to the MMC transverter of CDSM structure, the transverter of the present invention
The structure of power model simpler, components and parts are less, internal connect and control simpler, reduce
Cost.
The charging method of a kind of transverter, comprises the following steps:
Disconnecting three-phase isolation switch, close single-phase isolating switch, wherein, transverter passes through three charging resistors
Being connected with AC system, all change of current brachium pontis of transverter are filled by AC system through three charging resistors
Electricity；
Voltage at all change of current brachium pontis is all stablized to the half to AC system line voltage, switches each change of current
The unblock of power model and blocking in brachium pontis, make the voltage of the power model of each change of current brachium pontis all stablize to
AC system line voltage；
Power model in locking all changes of current brachium pontis, disconnects single-phase isolating switch, closes three-phase isolation switch；
Regulate the number of the power model unlocked in each change of current brachium pontis, make the power model of each change of current brachium pontis charge
To rated voltage.
The charging method of the transverter according to the invention described above can realize the charging to transverter.
A kind of DC Line Fault self-cleaning method of transverter, comprises the following steps:
After transverter charging complete, if the 3rd tie point and the 4th tie point are short-circuited, then locking simultaneously
Power model in all change of current brachium pontis.
The DC Line Fault self-cleaning method of the transverter according to the invention described above, after transverter charging complete,
If the 3rd tie point and the 4th tie point are short-circuited, then the power model in locking all changes of current brachium pontis while,
Because now transverter does not exist the path of fault current, it is possible to achieve DC Line Fault self-cleaning.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the power model in conventional art and transverter；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the power model of one of them embodiment；
Fig. 3 is a kind of concrete structure schematic diagram of the power model of one of them embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the another kind of concrete structure schematic diagram of the power model of one of them embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the transverter of one of them embodiment；
Fig. 6-a be one of them embodiment transverter in a kind of electric current road of duty one of power model
Footpath schematic diagram；
Fig. 6-b be one of them embodiment transverter in the another kind of electric current of duty one of power model
Path schematic diagram；
Fig. 7-a be one of them embodiment transverter in a kind of electric current road of duty two of power model
Footpath schematic diagram；
Fig. 7-b be one of them embodiment transverter in the another kind of electric current of duty two of power model
Path schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 be one of them embodiment transverter in a kind of current path of duty three of power model
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 9-a is a kind of charging current path schematic diagram of the transverter of one of them embodiment；
Fig. 9-b is the another kind of charging current path schematic diagram of the transverter of one of them embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and enforcement
Example, is described in further detail the present invention.Should be appreciated that detailed description of the invention described herein
Only in order to explain the present invention, do not limit protection scope of the present invention.
Shown in Figure 2, it is the structural representation of the power model of an embodiment.Merit in this embodiment
Rate module, including first wholly-controled device the 110, second wholly-controled device the 120, the 3rd wholly-controled device 130,
First diode the 140, second diode the 150, the 3rd diode 160 and electric capacity 170；
First wholly-controled device 110 concatenates with the second wholly-controled device 120, the second wholly-controled device 120 with
3rd wholly-controled device 130 reversely concatenates；First diode 140 and the first wholly-controled device 110 are the most also
Connection, the second diode 150 and the second wholly-controled device 120 reverse parallel connection, the 3rd diode 160 and the 3rd
Wholly-controled device 130 reverse parallel connection, first wholly-controled device the 110, second wholly-controled device 120 and the 3rd is complete
Control type device 130 is in parallel with electric capacity 170 after concatenating；
First wholly-controled device 110 is connected terminal with the tie point of the second wholly-controled device 120 as first,
3rd wholly-controled device 130 is connected terminal with the tie point of electric capacity 170 as second, first connect terminal and
Second connects the terminal lead-out terminal as power model.
In the present embodiment, in power model, the first wholly-controled device 110 is gone here and there with the second wholly-controled device 120
Connecing, the second wholly-controled device 120 reversely concatenates with the 3rd wholly-controled device 130；First diode 140 with
First wholly-controled device 110 reverse parallel connection, the second diode 150 and the second wholly-controled device 120 are the most also
Connection, the 3rd diode 160 and the 3rd wholly-controled device 130 reverse parallel connection, the first wholly-controled device 110, the
Two wholly-controled device 120 and the 3rd wholly-controled device 130 are in parallel with electric capacity 170 after concatenating, and first connects end
Son and second connects the terminal lead-out terminal as power model.During implementing, when normally working,
Control three wholly-controled device by control signal to turn off, the level that output needs, fail lockout power mould
Block, power model only possesses the current path to electric capacity charging；Apply in transverter, when transverter just
Negative pole end be short-circuited fault time, if the simultaneously all power models of locking, the path road that fault current is possible
Capacitance voltage in each power model and the alternating voltage that connected higher than transverter in footpath, fault current may
Passage path in current path electric current would not be had to flow through, it is achieved the self-cleaning of Converter DC-side fault,
And compared to the MMC transverter of CDSM structure, the structure of the power model of the transverter of the present invention is more
Adding simple, components and parts are less, and inside connects and controls simpler, reduces cost.
Wherein in an embodiment, first wholly-controled device the 110, second wholly-controled device 120 and the 3rd is complete
The type of control type device 130 is the most identical with parameter.
In the present embodiment, the first wholly-controled device the 110, second wholly-controled device 120 and the 3rd full-control type device
Part 130 is same type of wholly-controled device, and parameter is the most identical.
Wherein in an embodiment, first diode the 140, second diode the 150, the 3rd diode 160
Type the most identical with parameter.
In the present embodiment, first diode the 140, second diode the 150, the 3rd diode 160 is same
The diode of type, parameter is the most identical.
Wherein in an embodiment, the first wholly-controled device 110 and the second wholly-controled device 120 forward string
Connect.
Wherein in an embodiment, as it is shown on figure 3, the first wholly-controled device 110 is the first insulated gate pair
Bipolar transistor T1, the second wholly-controled device 120 is the second insulated gate bipolar transistor T2, and the 3rd controls entirely
Type device 130 is the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor T3；
The emitter stage of the first insulated gate bipolar transistor T1 and the collection of the second insulated gate bipolar transistor T2
Electrode connects, the emitter stage of the second insulated gate bipolar transistor T2 and the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor
The emitter stage of T3 connects；
First diode 140 is diode D1, and the second diode 150 is diode D2, the 3rd diode
160 is diode D3；
The positive pole of diode D1 and the emitter stage of the first insulated gate bipolar transistor T1 connect, diode D1
Negative pole and the first insulated gate bipolar transistor T1 colelctor electrode connect；The positive pole of diode D2 and second
The emitter stage of insulated gate bipolar transistor T2 connects, the negative pole of diode D2 and the second insulated gate bipolar
The colelctor electrode of transistor T2 connects；The positive pole of diode D3 and the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor T3's
Emitter stage connects, and the negative pole of diode D3 and the colelctor electrode of the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor T3 connect；
The positive pole of electric capacity 170 and the colelctor electrode of the first insulated gate bipolar transistor T1 connect, electric capacity 170
The colelctor electrode of negative pole and the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor T3 connects.
In the present embodiment, wholly-controled device is insulated gate bipolar transistor, and the first insulated gate bipolar is brilliant
Body pipe T1 and the second insulated gate bipolar transistor T2 forward concatenation, the second insulated gate bipolar transistor T2
Reversely concatenate with the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor T3, diode D1, diode D2, diode D3
With the first insulated gate bipolar transistor T1, the second insulated gate bipolar transistor T2, the 3rd insulated gate bipolar
Transistor npn npn T3 one_to_one corresponding reverse parallel connection, the first insulated gate bipolar transistor T1, the second insulated gate are double
Bipolar transistor T2 and the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor T3 is in parallel with electric capacity 170 after concatenating.By touching
Send out and control the first insulated gate bipolar transistor T1, the second insulated gate bipolar transistor T2 and the 3rd insulation
The conducting state of grid bipolar transistor T3, can make power model be in different duties, in order to defeated
Go out different level, the U in Fig. 3SMFor the output voltage of power model, iSMOutput electricity for power model
Stream, UcMagnitude of voltage for electric capacity C.
Wherein in an embodiment, the first wholly-controled device 110 is reversely gone here and there with the second wholly-controled device 120
Connect.
Wherein in an embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the first wholly-controled device 110 is that the first insulated gate is double
Bipolar transistor T1, the second wholly-controled device 120 is the second insulated gate bipolar transistor T2, and the 3rd controls entirely
Type device 130 is the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor T3；
The emitter stage of the first insulated gate bipolar transistor T1 and sending out of the second insulated gate bipolar transistor T2
Emitter-base bandgap grading connects, the colelctor electrode of the second insulated gate bipolar transistor T2 and the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor
The colelctor electrode of T3 connects；
First diode 140 is diode D1, and the second diode 150 is diode D2, the 3rd diode
160 is diode D3；
The positive pole of diode D1 and the emitter stage of the first insulated gate bipolar transistor T1 connect, diode D1
Negative pole and the first insulated gate bipolar transistor T1 colelctor electrode connect；The positive pole of diode D2 and second
The emitter stage of insulated gate bipolar transistor T2 connects, the negative pole of diode D2 and the second insulated gate bipolar
The colelctor electrode of transistor T2 connects；The positive pole of diode D3 and the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor T3's
Emitter stage connects, and the negative pole of diode D3 and the colelctor electrode of the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor T3 connect；
The positive pole of electric capacity 170 and the colelctor electrode of the first insulated gate bipolar transistor T1 connect, electric capacity 170
The emitter stage of negative pole and the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor T3 connects.
In the present embodiment, wholly-controled device is insulated gate bipolar transistor, and the first insulated gate bipolar is brilliant
Body pipe T1 and the second insulated gate bipolar transistor T2 reversely concatenates, the second insulated gate bipolar transistor T2
Reversely concatenate with the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor T3, diode D1, diode D2, diode D3
With the first insulated gate bipolar transistor T1, the second insulated gate bipolar transistor T2, the 3rd insulated gate bipolar
Transistor npn npn T3 one_to_one corresponding reverse parallel connection, the first insulated gate bipolar transistor T1, the second insulated gate are double
Bipolar transistor T2 and the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor T3 is in parallel with electric capacity 170 after concatenating.By touching
Send out and control the first insulated gate bipolar transistor T1, the second insulated gate bipolar transistor T2 and the 3rd insulation
The conducting state of grid bipolar transistor T3, can make power model be in different duties, in order to defeated
Go out different level, the U in Fig. 4SMFor the output voltage of power model, iSMOutput electricity for power model
Stream, UCMagnitude of voltage for electric capacity C.
In the power model of the present invention, the first wholly-controled device 110 and the second wholly-controled device 120 forward
Concatenation or reversely concatenation, and wholly-controled device can be not only insulated gate bipolar transistor, also
It can be other kinds of wholly-controled device.
According to above-mentioned power model, the present invention also provides for a kind of transverter, below with regard to the transverter of the present invention
Embodiment is described in detail.
Shown in Figure 5, it is the structural representation of the transverter of an embodiment.The change of current in this embodiment
Device includes first group of change of current brachium pontis, second group of change of current brachium pontis, first group of brachium pontis reactor, second group of brachium pontis electricity
Anti-device, three charging resistors, one group of three-phase isolation switch and one group of single-phase isolating switch, first group of converter bridge
The bar number of the change of current brachium pontis in arm and second group of change of current brachium pontis is three, first group of brachium pontis reactor and second group
The number of the brachium pontis reactor in brachium pontis reactor is three；
The positive terminal of the three articles of change of current brachium pontis 210,220,230 in first group of change of current brachium pontis is all connected to the 3rd
Tie point, the negative pole end of three change of current brachium pontis 240,250,260 in second group of change of current brachium pontis is all connected to
4th tie point；
The negative pole end of three change of current brachium pontis 210,220,230 in first group of change of current brachium pontis and first group of brachium pontis
In reactor, one end of three brachium pontis reactor Lc1, Lc2, Lc3 connects one to one, second group of converter bridge
Three brachium pontis in the positive terminal of three change of current brachium pontis 240,250,260 in arm and second group of brachium pontis reactor
One end of reactor Lc4, Lc5, Lc6 connects one to one, three brachium pontis electricity in first group of brachium pontis reactor
Three brachium pontis reactor Lc4 in the other end of anti-device Lc1, Lc2, Lc3 and second group of brachium pontis reactor, Lc5,
The other end of Lc6 connects one to one；
The other end of first group three brachium pontis reactor Lc1, Lc2, Lc3 and second group of three brachium pontis reactor
Three tie points that the other end of Lc4, Lc5, Lc6 connects one to one and the three-phase of three-phase isolation switch S1
Connect one to one, the three-phase of three-phase isolation switch S1 and three charging resistors R1, R2, R3 one_to_one corresponding
In parallel；
Single-phase isolating switch S2 is connected between the 3rd tie point and the 4th tie point；
If any one change of current brachium pontis in first group of change of current brachium pontis and second group of change of current brachium pontis all includes concatenation
A dry above-mentioned power model, the second tie point in previous power model and the in later power model
One tie point connects, and after concatenation, the first tie point in the power model of stem is as the positive terminal of change of current brachium pontis,
The second tie point in the power model of afterbody is as the negative pole end of change of current brachium pontis.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned power model is applied in transverter, when transverter normally works,
If during positive and negative extreme (the i.e. the 3rd tie point and the 4th tie point) fault that is short-circuited of transverter, as long as with
Time locking power model, because of the electric capacity in power model each in the passage path that fault current is possible voltage and
The alternating voltage connected higher than transverter, would not have electric current to flow through in the passage path that fault current is possible,
Realize the self-cleaning of Converter DC-side fault, and compared to the MMC transverter of CDSM structure, this
The structure of the power model of the transverter of invention is simpler, and components and parts are less, and internal connection and control are more
Simply, cost is reduced.
Preferably, three charging resistors R1, R2, R3 parameter are identical.
In a specific embodiment, (the Insulated with wholly-controled device as insulated gate bipolar transistor
Gate Bipolar Transistor) as a example by, the operation principle of transverter is illustrated:
Power model in transverter controls the conducting state of insulated gate bipolar transistor by triggering, permissible
Making power model be in different duties, power model one has three kinds of duties.
Duty one, insulated gate bipolar transistor T1 turns on, insulated gate bipolar transistor T2, T3
Cut-off；
Output electric current i when power modelSM< when 0, its current path is as shown in Fig. 6-a, and electric current is by insulation
Grid bipolar transistor T1 becomes path, the voltage that voltage is electric capacity C of power model output with electric capacity C-shaped
UC, electric capacity C is in discharge condition；
Output electric current i when power modelSM> 0 time, its current path as shown in Fig. 6-b, electric current pass through two poles
Pipe D1 becomes path, the voltage U that voltage is electric capacity C of power model output with electric capacity C-shapedC, at electric capacity C
In discharge condition.
Duty two, insulated gate bipolar transistor T2, T3 conducting, insulated gate bipolar transistor T1
Cut-off；
Output electric current i when power modelSM< when 0, its current path is as shown in Fig. 7-a, and electric current passes through two poles
Pipe D2 and insulated gate bipolar transistor T3 forms path, and the voltage of power model output is 0, electric capacity C
It is in bypass condition；
Output electric current i when power modelSM> 0 time, its current path as shown in Fig. 7-b, electric current by insulation
Grid bipolar transistor T2 and diode D3 forms path, and the voltage of power model output is 0, electric capacity C
It is in bypass condition.
Duty three, insulated gate bipolar transistor T1, T2, T3 are turned off；
Output electric current i when power modelSM< when 0, whole power model is in cut-off state, does not possess electricity
Circulation flow path；
Output electric current i when power modelSM> 0 time, its current path as shown in Figure 8, electric current pass through two poles
Pipe D2 becomes path, the voltage U that voltage is electric capacity C of power model output with electric capacity C-shapedC, at electric capacity C
In charged state.
According to above-mentioned transverter, the present invention also provides for the charging method of a kind of transverter, below with regard to the present invention's
The embodiment of the charging method of transverter is described in detail.
In one embodiment, the charging method of a kind of transverter, comprise the following steps:
Disconnecting three-phase isolation switch S1, close single-phase isolating switch S2, wherein, transverter passes through three chargings
Resistance R1, R2, R3 are connected with AC system, and AC system is through three charging resistors institute to transverter
Change of current brachium pontis is had to be charged；
Voltage at all change of current brachium pontis is all stablized to the half to AC system line voltage, switches each change of current
The unblock of power model and blocking in brachium pontis, make the voltage of the power model of each change of current brachium pontis all stablize to
AC system line voltage；
Power model in locking all changes of current brachium pontis, disconnects single-phase isolating switch S2, and Guan Bi three-phase is kept apart
Close S1；
Regulate the number of the power model unlocked in each change of current brachium pontis, make the power model of each change of current brachium pontis charge
To rated voltage.
Preferably, transverter needs to carry out initializing charging before normal work.By the operation principle of transverter
Understand, in the case of the equal locking of T1, T2, T3, brachium pontis (i.e. first group change of current brachium pontis) on transverter three-phase
Between or three-phase under can not constitute between brachium pontis (i.e. second group change of current brachium pontis) and exchange on path, the most only closing
Side breaker, transverter can not complete to initialize charging.The present invention is by the positive and negative electrode bus at transverter
Increase single-phase isolating switch S2 between (i.e. transverter is positive and negative extreme), realize whole charging process, fill
Electric process divides three phases.
In the stage one, band charging resistor is charged to the half of ac line voltage.Process is: be separated by the three of AC
Leave pass S1 to disconnect, charging resistor is put into, the single-phase isolating switch S2 of DC side is closed simultaneously, will
Positive and negative electrode bus short join, the AC breaker that then closes i.e. starts to charge up.When certain phase voltage amplitude is the highest
Time, it is achieved the upper brachium pontis of brachium pontis under this phase and remaining two-phase is charged；When certain phase voltage amplitude is minimum, right
The upper brachium pontis of this phase and the lower brachium pontis charging of remaining two-phase.As a example by A phase, when A phase voltage is the highest, it is achieved
The charging of brachium pontis on brachium pontis lower to A phase and B, C phase thereof, its charging process is as shown in Fig. 9-a；A phase voltage
Time minimum, it is achieved the charging of brachium pontis lower to brachium pontis in A phase and B, C phase thereof, its charging process such as Fig. 9-b
Shown in.After charging is stable, the voltage of all brachium pontis is close to the half of AC system line voltage.
In the stage two: unlock transverter, make brachium pontis all power models conducting T2, T3, remaining brachium pontis in A phase
Locking, can make the upper and lower brachium pontis of B, C phase charge to close to AC system line voltage；Then make in B phase
Brachium pontis all power models conducting T2, T3, remaining brachium pontis locking, the upper and lower brachium pontis of A phase can be made also to fill
Electricity is to close to AC system line voltage；
In the stage three: all brachium pontis of locking, disconnect single-phase isolating switch S2, after the three-phase isolation switch S1 that closes,
Again unlock all brachium pontis, enter the controlled charging of normal every phase brachium pontis.On three-phase as a example by brachium pontis, implement
Process is, makes bridge all power models conducting T2, T3 in A phase, by controlling brachium pontis in B, C two-phase
Put into the number of power model, its power model can be made to charge to load voltage value；In like manner, by making B
Xiang Shangqiao all power models conducting T2, T3, by controlling the individual of the input power model of brachium pontis in A two-phase
Number, can make the power model of A phase also charge to load voltage value.The charging process of lower brachium pontis three-phase is with upper
Brachium pontis is similar to.
According to above-mentioned transverter, the present invention also provides for a kind of DC Line Fault self-cleaning method of transverter, below
Embodiment with regard to the DC Line Fault self-cleaning method of the transverter of the present invention is described in detail.
In one embodiment, a kind of DC Line Fault self-cleaning method of transverter, comprise the following steps:
After transverter charging complete, if the 3rd tie point and the 4th tie point are short-circuited, then locking simultaneously
Power model in all change of current brachium pontis.
Preferably, transverter charging complete, single-phase isolating switch S2 is disconnected, after entering normal mode of operation,
If it occur that transverter positive and negative electrode terminal shortcircuit fault, after all of power model of each brachium pontis of locking simultaneously, electricity
Stream there is also the circulation path in Fig. 9-a and Fig. 9-b in theory.But when normally working, power in above-mentioned path
Module capacitance voltage and higher than ac line voltage, the T1 of all power models is in reverse blocking state, no
May conducting, so time Fig. 9-a and Fig. 9-b in current path electric current can not be had to flow through, i.e. achieve direct current
The self-cleaning of side fault.
If it occur that one pole shorted to earth, after all of power model of each brachium pontis of locking simultaneously, the most do not deposit
At current path, also achieve the self-cleaning of DC side fault.
The transverter of the present invention possesses DC Line Fault self-cleaning ability, and solving semi-bridge type MMC transverter needs
Disconnect AC circuit breaker and remove the defect of DC side fault, compare with Fig. 1 and understand, the power model of the present invention
Number is bridge-type MMC transverter 3/4 of insulated gate bipolar transistor used by；With CDSM phase
Ratio, many 1/2 IGBT of every level, a few diode, economy is suitable, but components and parts are less, internal
Connect and control the simplest.
In the present invention, the ordinal number such as " first ", " second " is intended merely to make a distinction involved parts,
It is not that parts itself are defined.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can combine arbitrarily, for making description succinct, the most right
The all possible combination of each technical characteristic in above-described embodiment is all described, but, if these skills
There is not contradiction in the combination of art feature, is all considered to be the scope that this specification is recorded.
Embodiment described above only have expressed the several embodiments of the present invention, and it describes more concrete and detailed,
But can not therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that, for this area
For those of ordinary skill, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some deformation and change
Entering, these broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be with appended power
Profit requires to be as the criterion.
Claims (10)
1. a power model, it is characterised in that include the first wholly-controled device, the second wholly-controled device,
3rd wholly-controled device, the first diode, the second diode, the 3rd diode and electric capacity；
Described first wholly-controled device concatenates with described second wholly-controled device, described second wholly-controled device with
Described 3rd wholly-controled device reversely concatenates；Described first diode is with described first wholly-controled device the most also
Connection, described second diode and described second wholly-controled device reverse parallel connection, described 3rd diode is with described
3rd wholly-controled device reverse parallel connection, described first wholly-controled device, described second wholly-controled device and described
3rd wholly-controled device is in parallel with described electric capacity after concatenating；
Described first wholly-controled device is connected terminal with the tie point of described second wholly-controled device as first,
Described 3rd wholly-controled device is connected terminal with the tie point of described electric capacity as second, and described first connects end
Sub and described second connects the terminal lead-out terminal as described power model.
Power model the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described first wholly-controled device,
Described second wholly-controled device is the most identical with parameter with the type of described 3rd wholly-controled device.
Power model the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described first diode, described
Second diode, described 3rd diode type the most identical with parameter.
Power model the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described first wholly-controled device with
Described second wholly-controled device forward concatenation.
Power model the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described first wholly-controled device is
First insulated gate bipolar transistor, described second wholly-controled device is the second insulated gate bipolar transistor,
Described 3rd wholly-controled device is the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor；
The emitter stage of described first insulated gate bipolar transistor and described second insulated gate bipolar transistor
Colelctor electrode connects, the emitter stage of described second insulated gate bipolar transistor and described 3rd insulated gate bipolar
The emitter stage of transistor connects；
The positive pole of described first diode is connected with the emitter stage of described first insulated gate bipolar transistor, institute
The colelctor electrode of the negative pole and described first insulated gate bipolar transistor of stating the first diode is connected；Described second
The positive pole of diode is connected with the emitter stage of described second insulated gate bipolar transistor, described second diode
Negative pole be connected with the colelctor electrode of described second insulated gate bipolar transistor；The positive pole of described 3rd diode
Being connected with the emitter stage of described 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor, the negative pole of described 3rd diode is with described
The colelctor electrode of the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor connects；
The positive pole of described electric capacity is connected with the colelctor electrode of described first insulated gate bipolar transistor, described electric capacity
Negative pole be connected with the colelctor electrode of described 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor.
Power model the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described first wholly-controled device with
Described second wholly-controled device reversely concatenates.
Power model the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described first wholly-controled device is
First insulated gate bipolar transistor, described second wholly-controled device is the second insulated gate bipolar transistor,
Described 3rd wholly-controled device is the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor；
The emitter stage of described first insulated gate bipolar transistor and described second insulated gate bipolar transistor
Emitter stage connects, the colelctor electrode of described second insulated gate bipolar transistor and described 3rd insulated gate bipolar
The colelctor electrode of transistor connects；
The positive pole of described first diode is connected with the emitter stage of described first insulated gate bipolar transistor, institute
The colelctor electrode of the negative pole and described first insulated gate bipolar transistor of stating the first diode is connected；Described second
The positive pole of diode is connected with the emitter stage of described second insulated gate bipolar transistor, described second diode
Negative pole be connected with the colelctor electrode of described second insulated gate bipolar transistor；The positive pole of described 3rd diode
Being connected with the emitter stage of described 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor, the negative pole of described 3rd diode is with described
The colelctor electrode of the 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor connects；
The positive pole of described electric capacity is connected with the colelctor electrode of described first insulated gate bipolar transistor, described electric capacity
Negative pole be connected with the emitter stage of described 3rd insulated gate bipolar transistor.
8. a transverter, it is characterised in that include first group of change of current brachium pontis, second group of change of current brachium pontis,
One group of brachium pontis reactor, second group of brachium pontis reactor, three charging resistors, one group of three-phase isolation switch and
Group single-phase isolating switch, the change of current brachium pontis in described first group of change of current brachium pontis and described second group of change of current brachium pontis
Bar number is three, the brachium pontis reactor in described first group of brachium pontis reactor and described second group of brachium pontis reactor
Number be three；
The positive terminal of three articles of change of current brachium pontis in described first group of change of current brachium pontis is all connected to the 3rd tie point, institute
The negative pole end stating three articles of change of current brachium pontis in second group of change of current brachium pontis is all connected to the 4th tie point；
The negative pole end of three change of current brachium pontis in described first group of change of current brachium pontis and described first group of brachium pontis reactor
In one end of three brachium pontis reactors connect one to one, three converter bridges in described second group of change of current brachium pontis
In the positive terminal of arm and second group of brachium pontis reactor, one end of three brachium pontis reactors connects one to one, described
Three brachium pontis in the other end of three brachium pontis reactors and second group of brachium pontis reactor in first group of brachium pontis reactor
The other end of reactor connects one to one；
Another of the other end of described first group of three brachium pontis reactor and described second group of three brachium pontis reactor
Three tie points that end connects one to one connect one to one with the three-phase of described three-phase isolation switch, described
The three-phase of three-phase isolation switch and three described charging resistor one_to_one corresponding are in parallel；
Described single-phase isolating switch is connected between described 3rd tie point and described 4th tie point；
Any one change of current brachium pontis in described first group of change of current brachium pontis and second group of change of current brachium pontis all includes concatenation
Several power models as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7 in one of claims, in previous power model
Second tie point is connected with the first tie point in later power model, after concatenation in the power model of stem
The first tie point make as the positive terminal of described change of current brachium pontis, the second tie point in the power model of afterbody
Negative pole end for described change of current brachium pontis.
9. the charging method of a transverter as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Disconnecting described three-phase isolation switch, close described single-phase isolating switch, wherein, transverter passes through three
Described charging resistor is connected with AC system, and described AC system is changed described through three described charging resistors
All change of current brachium pontis of stream device are charged；
Voltage at all change of current brachium pontis is all stablized to the half to AC system line voltage, switches each change of current
The unblock of power model and blocking in brachium pontis, make the voltage of the power model of each change of current brachium pontis all stablize to
Described AC system line voltage；
Power model in locking all changes of current brachium pontis, disconnects described single-phase isolating switch, closes described three-phase
Disconnecting switch；
Regulate the number of the power model unlocked in each change of current brachium pontis, make the power model of each change of current brachium pontis charge
To rated voltage.
10. the DC Line Fault self-cleaning method of a transverter as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that
Comprise the following steps:
After described transverter charging complete, if described 3rd tie point and the 4th tie point are short-circuited, then
Power model in all changes of current brachium pontis of locking simultaneously.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610326336.6A CN105846704B (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2016-05-17 | Power module and transverter and its charging method and DC Line Fault self-cleaning method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610326336.6A CN105846704B (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2016-05-17 | Power module and transverter and its charging method and DC Line Fault self-cleaning method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105846704A true CN105846704A (en) | 2016-08-10 |
| CN105846704B CN105846704B (en) | 2018-07-24 |
Family
ID=56593555
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610326336.6A Active CN105846704B (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2016-05-17 | Power module and transverter and its charging method and DC Line Fault self-cleaning method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105846704B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107728508A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-02-23 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司电网技术研究中心 | A kind of control guard method of flexible direct current system and its control protective unit |
| CN109088549A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-12-25 | 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 | Using the inverter of division reactance |
| WO2019228028A1 (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2019-12-05 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Compensator, control method and device therefor |
| CN110868084A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-03-06 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司广州局 | Power module charging mode conversion strategy based on temporary locking function |
| CN112436724A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-03-02 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Current conversion device and assembly thereof, reactive power compensation device, current converter and control method thereof |
| CN113904573A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-07 | 山东大学 | Half-bridge improved MMC sub-module topological structure and control method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103731059A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2014-04-16 | 华北电力大学 | Novel double-clamping sub-module structure circuit of modular multilevel converter |
| CN104052026A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-09-17 | 华中科技大学 | Submodule topology for modular multi-level transverter and application of modular multi-level transverter |
| CN204304822U (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of modularization multi-level converter of mixed structure |
-
2016
- 2016-05-17 CN CN201610326336.6A patent/CN105846704B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103731059A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2014-04-16 | 华北电力大学 | Novel double-clamping sub-module structure circuit of modular multilevel converter |
| CN104052026A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-09-17 | 华中科技大学 | Submodule topology for modular multi-level transverter and application of modular multi-level transverter |
| CN204304822U (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of modularization multi-level converter of mixed structure |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107728508A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-02-23 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司电网技术研究中心 | A kind of control guard method of flexible direct current system and its control protective unit |
| CN107728508B (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2019-11-01 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司电网技术研究中心 | A kind of control guard method of flexible direct current system and its control protective unit |
| WO2019228028A1 (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2019-12-05 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Compensator, control method and device therefor |
| CN109088549A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-12-25 | 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 | Using the inverter of division reactance |
| CN112436724A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-03-02 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Current conversion device and assembly thereof, reactive power compensation device, current converter and control method thereof |
| CN112436724B (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2022-05-17 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Current conversion device and assembly thereof, reactive power compensation device, current converter and control method thereof |
| CN110868084A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-03-06 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司广州局 | Power module charging mode conversion strategy based on temporary locking function |
| CN113904573A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-07 | 山东大学 | Half-bridge improved MMC sub-module topological structure and control method thereof |
| CN113904573B (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2023-10-27 | 山东大学 | Half-bridge improved MMC submodule topological structure and control method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105846704B (en) | 2018-07-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105846704A (en) | Power module, converter, charging method thereof and direct current fault self-cleaning method | |
| Merlin et al. | The extended overlap alternate arm converter: A voltage-source converter with DC fault ride-through capability and a compact design | |
| CN104578865B (en) | A kind of T-shaped fault-tolerant current transformer of three level four bridge legs and its control method | |
| CN106452136A (en) | Multi-port power electronic converter for energy internet | |
| CN104067503A (en) | Power converter | |
| CN103632895B (en) | A kind of DC circuit breaker | |
| CN105207504B (en) | A kind of MMC topologys with enhancing voltage characteristic half-bridge full-bridge mixed type | |
| CN102035398A (en) | Direct converter and system comprising such a direct converter | |
| Tang et al. | Managing zero sequence in voltage source converter | |
| CN103236710A (en) | Unified power flow controller in modular structure | |
| CN107732954A (en) | A kind of online input control method and device of voltage source converter unit | |
| CN105119511A (en) | MMC sub module circuit with DC-side fault blocking ability | |
| CN104753079A (en) | Mixed direct-current transmission system capable of implementing inverse power output | |
| CN106787877B (en) | Antithesis unipolar voltage module chain and its mixed multi-level current transformer | |
| AU2019258117B2 (en) | Precharging of an intermediate circuit | |
| CN108900103A (en) | The converter power module and inverter for having DC Line Fault self-cleaning ability | |
| CN102823122B (en) | Have second and the 3rd order harmonics reduce the modular multistage power converter of filter | |
| CN205647264U (en) | Three level submodule pieces of MMC with direct current short -circuit current is from scavenging ability | |
| Ugalde-Loo et al. | Review on $ Z $-Source Solid State Circuit Breakers for DC Distribution Networks | |
| CN205657603U (en) | Power module and transverter | |
| CN103326608A (en) | Sub module, phase unit, voltage source type multi-level current converter and control methods | |
| CN205356183U (en) | Electric current source type three -phase inverter topological structure | |
| CN208461715U (en) | Using the inverter of division reactance | |
| CN204906215U (en) | MMC module circuit with ability is blocked to direct current side trouble | |
| CN106953530A (en) | The collocation method of the asymmetric Shuangzi modules of mixed type MMC and half-bridge submodule |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |