CN105845192A - 一种铜/铝/钢三层包覆复合导线及其成形方法 - Google Patents
一种铜/铝/钢三层包覆复合导线及其成形方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 2,3-bis[[(z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoyl]oxy]propyl (z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate Chemical group CCCCCCC(O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/023—Alloys based on aluminium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/026—Alloys based on copper
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/02—Single bars, rods, wires, or strips
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
- Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Abstract
一种铜/铝/钢三层包覆复合导线，由包覆铜层和芯层钢铁以及夹层为铝或铝合金组成，包覆铜层横截面为圆环，芯层钢铁横截面为圆形或异形；铜包覆层面积比为8‑25%，芯层钢铁面积比为20‑50%。其成形方法如下：清洗后的包覆铜层管、芯层钢材置于保护性气体下，采用机械的方式封闭由包覆铜管、芯层钢材组成铸造型腔的一端，用压力铸造的方式向内注入金属铝液，制备三层复合棒坯；采用压力套管的形式实现流体动力润滑，棒坯拉拔结合中间退火处理制成复合线材。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及多层包覆金属复合线材及成形方法，特别是涉及到铜/铝/钢三层包覆复合导线及其成形方法。
背景技术
随着科学技术的发展，石油、化工、电力、电子等领域对材料性能的要求越来越高，单质材料已难以满足实际使用性能的要求，将具有不同性能的材料复合在一起，以提高其综合使用性能的多层复合材料日益受到重视，是21世纪材料领域的重要研究方向之一。金属包覆复合材料中，铜包铝线、铜包钢线、铝包钢线是线缆行业中应用最广泛的双金属复合线材。铜包铝线和铜包钢线则分别由于强度和密度的原因，在作为架空电缆时，使线杆距离过短；而铜包钢线则由于重量降低有限；而铝包钢线则由于铝容易氧化生成不导电的三氧化铝，造成线路断路。
发明内容
本发明针对目前金属包覆电缆存在一些缺陷，提供一种综合高强、密度合适铜/铝/钢三层包覆复合导线及其成形方法。
本发明的内容之一在于提出一种铜/铝/钢三层包覆复合导线，由包覆铜层和芯层钢铁以及夹层为铝或铝合金组成，包覆铜层横截面为圆环，芯层钢铁横截面为圆形或异形；铜包覆层面积比为8-25%，芯层钢铁面积比为20-50%。
本发明内容之二在于提供一种铜/铝/钢三层包覆复合导线的成形方法，成形方法如下：
1）包覆铜层管、芯层钢材去除油污、氧化膜后，置于保护性气体下，采用机械的方式封闭由包覆铜管、芯层钢材组成铸造型腔的一端，用压力铸造的方式向内注入金属铝液，制备三层复合棒坯；
2）采用压力套管的形式实现流体动力润滑，棒坯拉拔成复合线材；
3）复合线材的冷变形量达到断面收缩率为70-95%，采用退火处理，退火温度350-450℃，时间0.5-2h。
本发明的优点在于：
1）在保护性气氛下，避免铜管内壁和芯层钢材表面的氧化，有利于提高界面强度；
2）调节夹层铝铸造时的保压压力，可抑制由于糊状结晶产生的缩松和裂纹，以及细化芯层铝晶粒；
3）采用强制流体润滑，既降低拉拔时的拉拔力，提高了模具使用寿命，也可增大复合棒材的道次变形量，减少工艺流程；
4）采用铜/铝/钢三层包覆的断面结构，既解决了铝包钢线的表面氧化问题，也在导线的强度和密度之间达到一个更好的均衡；
5）可调整芯层钢材的断面的形状，增大复合导线的抗弯刚度。
具体实施方式：
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
实施例1：φ1.5 mm铜/铝/钢三层包覆复合导线成形工艺
选择紫铜管为包覆铜管，铜管外径为φ30 mm、壁厚2.5；芯层为20#φ16 mm圆钢，去除铜管内壁和钢芯材表面油污、氧化膜后，置于保护性气体下，采用机械的方式封闭由包覆铜管、芯层钢材组成夹层铝铸造型腔的一端，用压力铸造的方式向内注入金属铝液，制备三层复合棒坯；采用压力套管的形式实现流体动力润滑，棒坯拉拔成φ1.5 mm复合线材，拉拔速度为3m/s，润滑剂为蓖麻油；复合线材的冷变形量达到断面收缩率为90%，采用退火处理，退火温度420℃，时间0.5h。
Claims (2)
1.一种铜/铝/钢三层包覆复合导线，由包覆铜层和芯层钢铁以及夹层为铝或铝合金组成，包覆铜层横截面为圆环，芯层钢铁横截面为圆形或异形；铜包覆层面积比为8-25%，芯层钢铁面积比为20-50%。
2.一种铜/铝/钢三层包覆复合导线的成形方法，其特征在于，制备如下：1）包覆铜层管、芯层钢材去油污、氧化后，置于保护性气体下，采用机械的方式封闭由包覆铜管、芯层钢材组成铸造型腔的一端，用压力铸造的方式向内注入金属铝液，制备三层复合棒坯；2）采用压力套管的形式实现流体动力润滑，棒坯拉拔成复合线材；3）复合线材的冷变形量达到断面收缩率为70-95%，采用退火处理，退火温度350-450℃，时间0.5-2h。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109082614A (zh) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-12-25 | 罗奕兵 | 一种固溶强化铝合金丝材的成形工艺 |
| CN109079112A (zh) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-12-25 | 罗奕兵 | 一种高锡青铜丝材的成形工艺 |
| GB2589645A (en) * | 2019-12-07 | 2021-06-09 | Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd | Electrical conductor |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1160610A (zh) * | 1997-01-14 | 1997-10-01 | 昆明理工大学 | 多层金属复合管棒线连续生产方法 |
| WO2006129861A1 (ja) * | 2005-05-31 | 2006-12-07 | The University Of Tokushima | Ｎｂ3Ｓｎ超伝導線、その製造方法、及びＮｂ3Ｓｎ超伝導線の製造に用いられる単芯複合線 |
| CN101127263A (zh) * | 2007-09-24 | 2008-02-20 | 孙永春 | 大直径铸铜钢线连续热浸锡的制备方法 |
| CN101236806A (zh) * | 2008-02-04 | 2008-08-06 | 北京科技大学 | 一种铜包铝复合导线的短流程制备方法 |
| CN103117114A (zh) * | 2013-02-21 | 2013-05-22 | 罗志昭 | 一种铜与铝合金配合使用方法 |
| CN103943165A (zh) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-07-23 | 黄忠波 | 一种金属复合导线及制备方法 |
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- 2016-03-22 CN CN201610163248.9A patent/CN105845192B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1160610A (zh) * | 1997-01-14 | 1997-10-01 | 昆明理工大学 | 多层金属复合管棒线连续生产方法 |
| WO2006129861A1 (ja) * | 2005-05-31 | 2006-12-07 | The University Of Tokushima | Ｎｂ3Ｓｎ超伝導線、その製造方法、及びＮｂ3Ｓｎ超伝導線の製造に用いられる単芯複合線 |
| CN101127263A (zh) * | 2007-09-24 | 2008-02-20 | 孙永春 | 大直径铸铜钢线连续热浸锡的制备方法 |
| CN101236806A (zh) * | 2008-02-04 | 2008-08-06 | 北京科技大学 | 一种铜包铝复合导线的短流程制备方法 |
| CN103117114A (zh) * | 2013-02-21 | 2013-05-22 | 罗志昭 | 一种铜与铝合金配合使用方法 |
| CN103943165A (zh) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-07-23 | 黄忠波 | 一种金属复合导线及制备方法 |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109082614A (zh) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-12-25 | 罗奕兵 | 一种固溶强化铝合金丝材的成形工艺 |
| CN109079112A (zh) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-12-25 | 罗奕兵 | 一种高锡青铜丝材的成形工艺 |
| GB2589645A (en) * | 2019-12-07 | 2021-06-09 | Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd | Electrical conductor |
| WO2021110925A1 (en) * | 2019-12-07 | 2021-06-10 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Electrical conductor |
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