CN105842335A - Multi-parameter-integrated ferromagnetic metal material micro-crack detection method - Google Patents
Multi-parameter-integrated ferromagnetic metal material micro-crack detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105842335A CN105842335A CN201610176663.8A CN201610176663A CN105842335A CN 105842335 A CN105842335 A CN 105842335A CN 201610176663 A CN201610176663 A CN 201610176663A CN 105842335 A CN105842335 A CN 105842335A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/90—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
- G01N27/904—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents with two or more sensors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
Abstract
The invention provides a multi-parameter-integrated ferromagnetic metal material micro-crack detection method, belongs to the field of nondestructive detection, relates to quantitative detection of the micro-cracks, and especially relates to a detection method of multi-parameter-integrated quantitative detection, which is applied in the field of detection of ferromagnetic material micro-crack detection. The detection method integrates metal magnetic memory, a displacement sensor, an ultrasonic sensor and an eddy-current sensor, wherein a central processor controls a stepping motor to drive a sensor set clamped by a sensor fixing apparatus to perform crack detection to a sample, wherein moving displacement is displayed on a touch screen through the displacement sensor. The detection method includes the steps of assembling the detection system, initializing the system, and finally detecting the sample. Through the three sensors in a multi-parameter-integrated manner, a problem of high difficulty in quantitative representation of cracks in a single detection manner is overcome. The detection method overcomes the problem of poor stability in a convenient manual method, is simple and reliable, has high detection accuracy and satisfies the demand on micro-crack quantitative detection better.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of non destructive testing, relate to the detection by quantitative for micro-crack, especially in a kind of detection method of the integrated detection by quantitative of different kinds of parameters, be applied to ferromagnetic material microcrack zone field.
Technical background
Rebuilding engineering, as an emerging strategic industries, is to carry out the high-tech reparation of industrialization, retrofit work for waste product, has and significantly economize on resources and protect environmental effect.Along with the development of science and technology, in each field of national economy, in such as boats and ships, engineering machinery, nuclear power generating equipment, aircraft contour end mechanized equipment, re-manufacturing technology has obtained increasingly being widely applied.Meanwhile, substantial amounts of high-end mechanized equipment will be eliminated after reaching Rejection standard, and newly-increased retired equipment is also in substantial increase.Therefore, implement high-end mechanized equipment and remanufacture, can not only be that country saves ample resources, and there is significant economic benefit.
Remanufacturing old parts is after the military service of some cycles, and the mechanics of its internal structure tissue and serviceability can occur significantly to change.Finding after using various nondestructiving detecting means to detect it, its performance failure is mainly manifested in fatigue rupture, frictionally damage and corrosion etc., and the most topmost failure mode is fatigue rupture.Occur tired test specimen often under the effect far below its design stress, occur suddenly fracture etc. to lose efficacy.Therefore before blank remanufactures, needing it is carried out comprehensive remanufacturability assessment, this is to determine that it, with or without remanufacturing the most important link of value, is also to remanufacture one of content of mainly studying in field.But owing to blank internal injury form is varied, it is desirable to it is evaluated all-sidedly and accurately extremely difficult.Before generally remanufacturing old parts being carried out life appraisal, need to use Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement to detect a flaw, carrying out follow-up biometry work by analyzing the defect detected, therefore Non-Destructive Testing is the important component part of mechanized equipment Rebuilding engineering, is related to the military service safety remanufacturing product.The five big conventional sense technology such as Present Domestic outer commonly used ultrasound detection, ray detection, EDDY CURRENT, Magnetic testing, Liquid penetrant testing carry out Non-Destructive Testing to remanufacturing old parts.In view of the limitation of various single detection method detection ranges, and the result detected belongs to speculate empirical and probabilityly, there is certain loss, has relatively uncertain, and this has considerable influence to the life appraisal of remanufacturing old parts.The reliability of recall rate and testing result in order to improve fault in material, often by other detection meanss current testing result need to be further analyzed and determine, mutually learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, thus correspondingly occur in that multisensor compound detection technology, i.e. many reference amounts Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement.Zhang Qinghua. based on ultrasonic and eddy current combined type Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement [D]. Guangzhou: South China Science & Engineering University, although 2010. use ultrasonic and eddy current compound detection technology in this paper, but due to manual operation, error is bigger.Owing to current Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement personnel's majority uses handheld device or the method for spot measurement, being not suitable for industrial standardization and quantification detection, and detection efficiency is the lowest, repetitive positioning accuracy is poor.Many reference amounts nondestructive detection system is built simultaneously and also still suffer from blank.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem is that of present invention mainly solves overcomes single-sensor loss height and manual operation efficiency low, poor stability, use the working method of asynchronous driving synchronous detecting, by Micro Controller Unit (MCU) driving motor band dynamic sensor group, in same detection position successively by metal magnetic memory, ultrasonic and three kinds of sensor compound detection of eddy current, detection position is shown by display screen, and sensor data measured uploads to host computer and processes.The method can effectively improve detection efficiency and accuracy of detection.
The technical solution used in the present invention is a kind of many reference amounts integrated ferromagnetic metallic material testing methods for tiny crack, it is characterized in that, detection method uses the composite detection method that metal magnetic memory, displacement, ultrasound wave and eddy current sensor combine, Single-chip Controlling motor drive sensor fastening device clamping sensor group that test specimen is carried out crack detection；Moving displacement is shown by display in real time by displacement transducer.Specifically comprising the following steps that of detection method
The first step assembles detecting system
Detecting system is made up of central processing unit 1, touch screen 2, stepper motor driver 3, motor 4, leading screw 5, sensor group mechanical clamping device 6, displacement transducer 7, metal magnetic memory sensor 8, ultrasonic sensor 9, eddy current sensor 10, host computer 11, test specimen to be measured 12, metal magnetic memory eddy current testing instrument 13, supersonic reflectoscope 14, laboratory table bearing 15；Central processing unit 1 is connected with touch screen 2, and central processing unit 1 is connected with stepper motor driver 3, and stepper motor driver 3 connects motor 4；Motor 4 is connected with leading screw 5, sensor holder 6 is driven to move by screw turns, displacement transducer 7, metal magnetic memory sensor 8, ultrasonic sensor 9, eddy current sensor 10 linear arrangement successively are arranged on sensor holder 6, and the right side of displacement transducer 7 is fixed with laboratory table support 15；One interface of displacement transducer 7 is connected with touch screen 2, is converted into displacement variable by resistance change and shows on the touchscreen；Sensor group interface is connected with host computer 11 respectively, for analytical data, metal magnetic memory sensor 8 is connected with detector 13 with eddy current sensor 10 simultaneously, for showing the waveform change of magnetic-field component and eddy current, ultrasonic sensor 9 is connected with supersonic reflectoscope 14, the change of display ultrasonic waveform；Sensor group mechanical clamping device is unified overall structure, is fixed on the slide unit being connected with leading screw by hex screw, and whole clamp structure uses pmma material；
Second step detecting system Initialize installation
Opening detecting system, system default display displacement is zero, and the distance measuring metal magnetic memory sensor 8 and laboratory table support 15 right side is designated as l0；Then on touch screen 2, input 10 groups of fixing shift values increased successively in interval；Motor 4 rotates forward, and the physical location using miking corresponding is designated as ln；Then re-entering the numerical value that ten groups of displacements are sequentially reduced, displacement difference immobilizes；Motor inverts, and is designated as l with the corresponding position of mikingm；Draw with actual displacement value according to input displacement, analytical error size；If actual measured value is less than 1% with the error of display numerical value, then this system precise control；If greater than 1%, then met the requirement of the accuracy of display displacement by software calibration；
3rd step examinations
First, central processing unit 1 controls motor 4 and drives metal magnetic memory sensor 8 to rotate along leading screw 5, detector 13 record of magnetic signal；Horizontal component H when this signalpDuring (y) zero crossing, then show that crackle, in this position, records the numerical value of touch screen 2 display；Then central processing unit 1 drive stepping motor 4 drives ultrasonic sensor 9 to move to record position, gather the echo waveform that ultrasound wave returns in this place, the echo collected is sent to host computer 11, analyze the height and the width feature of echo, then click on the motor on touch screen 2 and rotate forward button, motor 4 drives eddy current sensor 10 to move to identical crack position, the signal of collection is uploaded to host computer 11, by the rate of rise and the descending slope of analysis waveform, obtain the degree of depth of crackle with this；Overlapping region is detected with eddy current sensor ultrasonic, ultrasound wave is 2mm～10mm with the degree of depth of territory, eddy current sensor overlapping detection regions test specimen, by extracting ultrasonic and eddy current sensor collection signal respectively, analyzed length and the type of crackle by the standard crack of comparison identical material different length and different defect type；Extract eigenvalue and obtained the characteristic information of crackle by host computer data fusion.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, by three kinds of integrated problems overcoming single detection mode crackle quantization signifying difficulty big of sensor many reference amounts；Efficiently overcome traditional manual mode poor stability by the simple of operation that be implemented in combination with of central processing unit with touch screen, assistant director's attainment of operator is required high difficulty.The innovation of the detection mode of the most asynchronous driving coordination detection provides practicable operation scheme to the theory of many reference amounts compound detection.Contribute to assessing the most accurately remanufacturing the service life of product or the biometry of new product to the accurate quantification sign of micro-crack.The method applying asynchronous driving coordination to detect, improves the efficiency of detection, decreases experimental error.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is many reference amounts integrated ferromagnetic metallic material testing methods for tiny crack schematic diagrams, in figure: 1 central processing unit, 2 touch screens, 3 stepper motor drivers, 4 motors, 5 leading screws, 6 sensor group mechanical clamping devices, 7 displacement transducers, 8 metal magnetic memory sensors, 9 ultrasonic sensors, 10 eddy current sensors, 11 host computers, 12 test specimens to be measured, 13 detectors, 14 supersonic reflectoscopes, 15 laboratory table bearings.
Detailed description of the invention
The detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing.
Metal Magnetic Memory Method is capable of detecting when region of stress concentration and microdefect and the damage in early days of component inside, but cannot realize quantization signifying.The advantages such as ultrasonic method has that the suitability is wide, flaw detection sensitivity is high, the detection degree of depth is big and safety is good.The Kelvin effect of EDDY CURRENT can detect the crack of near surface accurately, cannot realize detection by quantitative for degree of depth crackle.Owing to three kinds of detection modes are had nothing in common with each other pluses and minuses, so using the composite detection method that metal magnetic memory, ultrasound wave and eddy current sensor combine.
Being first turned on detecting system, when system default display displacement is zero, the distance measuring metal magnetic memory sensor and laboratory table right side is designated as l0；Input the shift value that 10 groups of interval 10mm increase successively the most on the touchscreen.Motor rotates forward, and the physical location using miking corresponding is designated as ln.Then the numerical value that ten groups of interval 10mm displacements are sequentially reduced is re-entered.Motor inverts, and is designated as l with the corresponding position of mikingm.Draw with actual displacement value according to input displacement, analytical error size.If the error of actual measured value and display numerical value is less than 1%, then this system precise control, if greater than 1%, then the accuracy realizing showing displacement with this by software calibration.
Test specimen 12 to be checked is placed on fixed position to be detected, and in order to ensure that environmental factors is identical, earth magnetic field intensity is identical, and the position that test specimen is placed does not changes with the kind of sensor and test number (TN) changes and changes.Turning on the power, by Switching Power Supply, 220v voltage is converted into unidirectional current 24v, this voltage is respectively stepper motor driver 4 and powers with central controller 1.The button of regulation stepper motor driver 3, sets the rotating speed of motor 4 as 800Pulse/rev.In the straight line slide unit structure that native system is used, leading screw pitch is 5mm, 57BYGH301 type motor step angle is 1.8 °, the segmentation step number selecting motor is 800Pulse/rev, motor every revolution needs 800 pulses, now the operating frequency of motor is that every 2ms makes a move, being converted to step angle is 1.8 °, motor is gone around 360 ° and is needed 1.6s the most altogether, according to transmission rule between single head feed screw nut, leading screw every revolution, nut is advanced forward a pitch, 5mm is may move through calculating the every 1.6s of nut of fixing sensor stand, speed is 3.125mm/s, the displacement required time completing 1m is 320s.This rotating speed can improve the accuracy of crack detection.
After detecting system opening initialization is provided with, concrete operations are introduced: open metal magnetic memory testing instrument in conjunction with Fig. 1, open central controller 1 to switch, touch screen 2 is clicked on motor rotate forward, motor 4 drives metal magnetic memory sensor 8 to rotate along leading screw 5, detector record of magnetic signal, when horizontal component H of this signalpDuring (y) zero crossing, then show that crackle, in this position, records the numerical value of display on display screen 2.For avoiding experimental error, operation being repeated several times, many secondary data are uploaded to host computer 11, the method averaged by drawing obtains crack position a0.Then opening supersonic reflectoscope, drive stepping motor 4 drives ultrasonic sensor 9 to move to record position a0Gather the echo waveform that ultrasound wave returns in this place, the echo collected is sent to host computer 11, the features such as the height and the width of analysis echo, repetitive measurement takes the meansigma methods of its echo character, by comparison identical material different length and the standard crack of different defect type, the length obtaining crackle herein with this and type.In view of ultrasound examination exists check frequency near surface, so EDDY CURRENT should be used, there is within 2mm good susceptiveness.Opening eddy current testing instrument, point touching screen motor rotates forward button, and motor drives eddy current sensor 10 to move to crack position a0, the signal of collection is uploaded in host computer 11, obtains the degree of depth of crackle by the rate of rise of analysis waveform and descending slope with this.When the degree of depth is between 2～4mm, this interval is in the lap position of ultrasound detection blind area and EDDY CURRENT blind area, it is thus desirable to by the characteristics extraction of ultrasonic and eddy current signal out, being sent to host computer 11, host computer realizes measuring the maximum positive confidence interval of crackle size by data fusion.
Many reference amounts integrated ferromagnetic metallic material testing methods for tiny crack overcomes the error instability that manual hand manipulation's detector brings, and uses the convenience of the operation automatically controlling raising, reduces the operation requirement of technical staff simultaneously；Multisensor cooperates, and utilizes the advantage of self to ensure that the maximization of crack detection order of accuarcy, and the blank in this field is also filled up in the design of the many reference amounts detecting system matched with this detection method, and the development for later many reference amounts compound detection is laid a good foundation.
Claims (1)
1. a many reference amounts integrated ferromagnetic metallic material testing methods for tiny crack, is characterized in that, detection method is adopted
The composite detection method combined with metal magnetic memory, displacement, ultrasound wave and eddy current sensor, by list
Sheet machine controls motor and drives sensor fastening device clamping sensor group that test specimen is carried out crack detection；
Moving displacement is shown by display in real time by displacement transducer.Specifically comprising the following steps that of detection method
The first step assembles detecting system
Detecting system is by central processing unit (1), touch screen (2), stepper motor driver (3), stepping electricity
Machine (4), leading screw (5), sensor group mechanical clamping device (6), displacement transducer (7), metal magnetic memory pass
Sensor (8), ultrasonic sensor (9), eddy current sensor (10), host computer (11), test specimen to be measured (12), gold
Belong to Magnetic Memory eddy current testing instrument (13), supersonic reflectoscope (14), laboratory table bearing (15) composition；In
Central processor (1) is connected with touch screen (2), and central processing unit (1) is with stepper motor driver (3) even
Connecing, stepper motor driver (3) connects motor (4)；Motor (4) and leading screw (5)
It is connected, drives sensor holder (6) to move by screw turns, displacement transducer (7),
Metal magnetic memory sensor (8), ultrasonic sensor (9), eddy current sensor (10) are the most linear
Arrangement is arranged on sensor holder (6), and the right side of displacement transducer (7) is propped up with laboratory table
Frame (15) is fixed；One interface of displacement transducer (7) is connected, by electricity with touch screen (2)
Resistance variable quantity is converted into displacement variable and shows on the touchscreen；Sensor group interface respectively with host computer
(11) connect, for analytical data, metal magnetic memory sensor (8) and eddy current sensor (10) simultaneously
It is connected with detector (13), for showing the waveform change of magnetic-field component and eddy current, supersonic sensing
Device (9) is connected with supersonic reflectoscope (14), the change of display ultrasonic waveform；Sensor group machinery
Clamping device is unified overall structure, is fixed on the slide unit being connected with leading screw by hex screw,
Whole clamp structure uses pmma material；
Second step detecting system Initialize installation
Opening detecting system, system default display displacement is zero, measure metal magnetic memory sensor (8) with
The distance of laboratory table support (15) right side is designated as l0；Then between the upper input of touch screen (2) 10 groups
Every the fixing shift value increased successively；Motor (4) rotates forward, and uses the reality that miking is corresponding
Position, border is designated as ln；Then re-entering the numerical value that ten groups of displacements are sequentially reduced, displacement difference immobilizes；
Motor inverts, and is designated as l with the corresponding position of mikingm；According to input displacement and actual displacement
Value is drawn, analytical error size；If actual measured value is less than 1% with the error of display numerical value, then should
System precise control；If greater than 1%, then by software calibration meet display displacement accuracy want
Ask；
3rd step examinations
First, central processing unit (1) controls motor (4) drive metal magnetic memory sensor (8)
Rotate along leading screw (5), detector (13) record of magnetic signal；Horizontal component H when this signalp(y)
During zero crossing, then show that crackle, in this position, records the numerical value that touch screen (2) shows；Then central authorities
Processor (1) drive stepping motor (4) drives ultrasonic sensor (9) to move to record position, in this place
Gather the echo waveform that ultrasound wave returns, the echo collected is sent to host computer (11), analyzes back
The height and the width feature of ripple, then clicks on the motor on touch screen (2) and rotates forward button, stepping
Motor (4) drives eddy current sensor (10) to move to identical crack position, on the signal that will gather
Pass to host computer (11), by the rate of rise and the descending slope of analysis waveform, obtain crackle with this
The degree of depth；Overlapping region is detected with eddy current sensor, ultrasound wave detection overlapping with eddy current sensor ultrasonic
The degree of depth of region test specimen is 2mm～10mm, by extracting ultrasonic and eddy current sensor collection signal respectively,
By the standard crack of comparison identical material different length and different defect type analyze crackle length and
Type；Extract eigenvalue and obtained the characteristic information of crackle by host computer data fusion.
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| CN201610176663.8A CN105842335A (en) | 2016-03-25 | 2016-03-25 | Multi-parameter-integrated ferromagnetic metal material micro-crack detection method |
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| CN107014897A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-04 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing ferromagnetic metal product quality performance monitoring device and method |
| CN108981553A (en) * | 2018-05-19 | 2018-12-11 | 芜湖新利德玻璃制品有限公司 | A kind of organic glass crazing detection device |
| CN109472788A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-03-15 | 成都信息工程大学 | A kind of scar detection method on airplane riveting surface |
| CN113375545A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-09-10 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | Method and device for detecting surface curvature of metal material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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Application publication date: 20160810 |