CN105841840A - Optical fiber sensor capable of simultaneously measuring hydrogen concentration and temperature - Google Patents
Optical fiber sensor capable of simultaneously measuring hydrogen concentration and temperature Download PDFInfo
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 206010057071 Rectal tenesmus Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000012271 tenesmus Diseases 0.000 description 4
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/3206—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres at discrete locations in the fibre, e.g. using Bragg scattering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/45—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/45—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
- G01N2021/458—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods using interferential sensor, e.g. sensor fibre, possibly on optical waveguide
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
- G01N2201/08—Optical fibres; light guides
- G01N2201/088—Using a sensor fibre
Abstract
The invention provides an optical fiber sensor capable of simultaneously measuring the hydrogen concentration and the temperature. The optical fiber sensor comprises a wide-spectrum light source 1, a sensing unit 2 and a spectrometer 3. The sensing unit 2 is composed of a single-mode optical fiber 21, a coreless optical fiber 22 and a single-mode fiber grating 23. The outside of the coreless optical fiber 22 is plated with a palladium-based hydrogen sensitive film. The light emitted from the wide-spectrum light source 1 passes through the single-mode optical fiber 21 to enter the coreless optical fiber 22, and is excited at a plurality of higher order modes within a fusion area 24. In the above modes, the lights are propagated inside the coreless optical fiber at different propagation constants and interfere with each other. An interference light signal enters the single-mode fiber grating 23, and will be reflected when meeting the Bragg reflection condition of the single-mode fiber grating 23. When the external hydrogen concentration changes, the interference spectrum will move. When the ambient temperature changes, both the interference spectrum and the Bragg reflection wavelength will move. Therefore, the hydrogen concentration and the temperature can be deduced through observing the movement amount of the interference spectrum and the movement amount of the Bragg wavelength. As a result, the high-precision measurement of the hydrogen concentration can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor that can simultaneously measure density of hydrogen and temperature, belong to optical fiber sensing technology neck
Territory.
Background technology
At present, the use of hydrogen has been dispersed throughout people and has produced and each corner of life, and meanwhile, research and development is high
The hydrogen gas sensor of performance also becomes become more and more important [document 1. T. H ü bert, L. Boon-Brett, G. Black, U.
Banach. Hydrogen sensors-A review [J], Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical,
2011, 157(2): 329-352.].The measuring principle of Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor is the hydrogen utilizing hydrogen with being deposited on optical fiber
Quick material reacts and changes some character of the quick material of hydrogen so that wavelength or the intensity of fiber middle light signal change,
And then by the anti-concentration releasing extraneous hydrogen of knots modification of detection optical signal, due to be have employed optical signal as sensing and
Demodulation medium, Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor has essential safety, electromagnetism interference, high temperature high voltage resistant, the advantage such as corrosion-resistant, can work
In such as various adverse circumstances such as mine, nuclear facilities and spaces, it is possible to meet the future market diversified need to hydrogen gas sensor
Ask, have huge development potentiality and wide commercial promise [document 2. is permitted a kind of jade Wei, Liu Yongzhi. optical fiber hydrogen sensing technology
Progress [J], laser and optoelectronics be in progress, 2006,43 (7): 1-5.].
The quick material of hydrogen used in Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor mainly has Tungstic anhydride. (WO3) and palladium (Pd) two kinds.The former
It is to utilize WO3With the characteristic of hydrogen exothermic heat of reaction realize density of hydrogen measure [document 3. Y. Wang, D. N. Wang,
F. Yang, Z. Li, M. Yang. Sensitive hydrogen sensor based on selectively
infiltrated photonic crystal fiber with Pt-loaded WO3 coating [J], Optics
Letters, 2014,39 (13): 3872-3875.], but such sensor is easily disturbed by ambient temperature.Additionally, due to
WO3With hydrogen exothermic heat of reaction, and course of reaction also needs to the existence of oxygen, therefore can increase the danger of hydrogen explosion
[document 4. Min Wang. mini optical fibre interference-type hydrogen gas sensor key technology research [D], Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology,
2013.].So, from safety considerations, Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor based on Pd base sensitive material becomes the most numerous scientific research
Worker research focus [document 5. N. Javahiraly. Review on hydrogen leak detection:
comparison between fiber optic sensors based on different designs with
palladium [J], Optical Engineering, 2015, 54(3): 030901.] .Such sensor utilizes Pd to inhale
The characteristic that after hydrogen, volume expands and refractive index reduces realizes the measurement of density of hydrogen.2013, A. Hosoki et al.
[document 6. A. Hosoki, M. Nishiyama, H. Igawa, A. Seki, Y. Choi, K. Watanabe. A
surface plasmon resonance hydrogen sensor using Au/Ta2O5/Pd multi-layers on
hetero-core optical fiber structures [J], Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical,
2013,185:53-58.] propose optical fiber hydrogen sensing probe based on Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology, utilize palladio to be combined
The characteristic that after film absorption hydrogen, refractive index changes realizes density of hydrogen and measures, but the measurement signal of this sensor is easily by ring
Border temperature interference, and complicated process of preparation, be unsuitable for mass production applications；In order to avoid the interference of temperature, 2014, M.
Wang et al. [document 7. M. Wang, D. N. Wang, M. Yang, J. Cheng, J. Li. In-line Mach-
Zehnder Interferometer and FBG with Pd lm for simultaneous hydrogen and
temperature detection [J], Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2014, 202: 893-
896.] Pd film is coated in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer through excessive erosion and fiber grating surface, it is achieved that temperature and density of hydrogen
While detect, but more fragile through the interferometer sensor probe quality of corrosion treatmentCorrosion Science, be unfavorable for using steadily in the long term；2015
Year, Y. H. Yang et al. [document 8. Y. H. Yang, F. L. Yang, H. Wang, W. Yang, W. Jin.
Temperature-insensitive hydrogen sensor with polarization-maintaining
photonic crystal fiber-based Sagnac interferometer [J], Journal of Lightwave
Technology, 2015,33 (12): 2566-2571.] the inclined photonic crystal light of guarantor based on Pd and argent composite membrane is proposed
Fine environment hydrogen gas sensor, measures sensitivity and reaches 131 pm/%, and affected by temperature interference less, but protect inclined photonic crystal
The price of optical fiber is higher, adds the cost of sensor.To sum up, optical fiber hydrogen sensing probe based on Pd base sensitive material is current
Still there is problem in various degree at aspects such as complicated process of preparation, cost height, structural instabilities, the most key, currently
Some avoid the technology of temperature interference still without reaching preferable degree.
Summary of the invention
(1) to solve the technical problem that
It is an object of the invention to overcome the weak point of the Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor being currently based on Pd base sensitive material, propose one
Kind of preparation technology is simple, low cost, Stability Analysis of Structures and can effectively overcome the Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor of temperature interference.
(2) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor that can simultaneously measure density of hydrogen and temperature, including
Wide spectrum light source 1, sensing unit 2 and spectrogrph 3；Described sensing unit 2 is by single-mode fiber 21, coreless fiber 22, single-mode optics
Fine grating 23 forms, and wherein, carries out welding, centreless light by heat sealing machine between single-mode fiber, coreless fiber, single-mode fiber grating
Fine 22 outer surfaces are coated with the quick film of palladio hydrogen；The light that wide spectrum light source 1 sends enters in coreless fiber 22 after single-mode fiber 21, molten
Connecing and inspire multiple higher order mode at district 24, these patterns are propagated with different propagation constants in coreless fiber, subsequently molten
Connecing and couple at district 25 and interfere, interference light signal enters single-mode fiber grating 23, meets single-mode fiber grating 23 Prague
The light of conditioned reflex will reflect, and therefore, interferes light after single-mode fiber grating 23, it will to go out at bragg wavelength
An existing tenesmus peak, finally, the optical signal that transmission is gone out will enter spectrogrph 4；When extraneous density of hydrogen change, palladium can be changed
The refractive index of the quick film of base hydrogen, makes interference spectrum be moved, and when ambient temperature changes, not only can change the quick film of palladio hydrogen
Refractive index so that make interference spectrum be moved, also can change the structural parameters of single-mode fiber grating 23, and then make Prague
Wavelength is moved, and therefore, utilizes dual wavelength matrix method, by observation interference spectrum and the amount of movement of bragg wavelength
Anti-release density of hydrogen and the size of temperature.
(3) beneficial effect
From technique scheme it can be seen that the method have the advantages that
1) this Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor that the present invention proposes, inherits essential safety that conventional fiber optic sensors had, anti-
Electromagnetic interference, high temperature high voltage resistant, the advantage such as corrosion-resistant
2) this Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor that the present invention proposes, not only preparation technology is simple, low cost, Stability Analysis of Structures, Er Qietong
Measure density of hydrogen and the size of temperature after simultaneously, can effectively reduce the temperature impact on density of hydrogen certainty of measurement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The optical fibre sensor structure schematic diagram that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is sensor output spectrum curve.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Accompanying drawing, is described in further detail concrete structure, principle and the work process of the present invention.
It is illustrated in figure 1 a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor that can simultaneously measure density of hydrogen and temperature that the present invention proposes.Its work
As process it is: first the light that wide spectrum light source sends enter coreless fiber after single-mode fiber, subsequently into single-mode fiber grating,
Rear entrance spectrogrph carries out the monitoring of spectroscopic studying amount.Wherein, pass through between single-mode fiber, coreless fiber, single-mode fiber grating
Heat sealing machine carries out welding.
When light is transferred to the fibre core of coreless fiber from single-mode fiber, due to core diameter and the single-mode fiber of coreless fiber
Core diameter gap relatively big, therefore at first single-mode fiber with coreless fiber fusion point, the list of single-mode fiber transmission light
One pattern will be destroyed, and can inspire multiple conduction mode, and the propagation constant that these patterns are transmitted in coreless fiber is not
With, if ignoring all radiation modes, the most all guided modes are all orthogonal, i.e. the general power of ripple is equal to the folded of each mode power
Adding, when inputting light and being wide spectrum optical, from coreless fiber, the light of outgoing is by the fusion point in coreless fiber Yu single-mode fiber grating
Place interferes, and transmission light becomes the interference spectrum with some cycles distribution.If keeping external environmental condition to immobilize, when
When changing the ambient refractive index around coreless fiber, in coreless fiber, excite coefficient and the propagation constant of each pattern can become
Change, and then make interference spectrum be moved, utilize this phenomenon just can realize the measurement of ambient refractive index to external world.The present invention
In, palladio sensitive membrane is plated in coreless fiber, when around density of hydrogen or temperature change, palladio can be caused sensitive
The refractive index (refractive index that i.e. coreless fiber is extraneous) of film changes, and then interference spectrum is moved.And this interference light
Spectrum, after single-mode fiber grating, due to Bragg reflection principles, meets the light of single-mode fiber grating Bragg conditioned reflex
Will not pass through single-mode fiber grating, therefore, the interference spectrum that last spectrogrph monitors will be with a tenesmus peak, such as Fig. 2
Shown in, wherein, tenesmus wavelength corresponding to peak is i.e. the bragg reflection wavelength of single-mode fiber grating, this wavelength size and optical fiber
The temperature in the grating external world is relevant.In conjunction with dual wavelength matrix method, can obtain:
(1)
Wherein, λ1、∆λ2It is respectively amount of movement and the bragg reflection wavelength (light wave that i.e. tenesmus peak is corresponding of interference spectrum
Long) amount of movement；C, T are respectively the variable quantity of density of hydrogen and the variable quantity of ambient temperature.When a is density of hydrogen change
The motion sensitivity coefficient of interference spectrum；B, d are respectively motion sensitivity coefficient and the cloth of interference spectrum when ambient temperature changes
The motion sensitivity coefficient of glug reflection wavelength.When the structural parameters of sensor probe are fixed, a, b, d are fixed value, because of
This, can be obtained by formula (1), and the variable quantity of amount of movement and bragg reflection wavelength by observing interference spectrum counter can release the external world
Density of hydrogen and temperature level, not only can solve the cross sensitivity problem that density of hydrogen is measured by temperature, it is also possible to realize hydrogen
Monitor while gas concentration and temperature, it is to avoid the too high caused potential hydrogen explosion of temperature is dangerous, for the height of density of hydrogen
Measure of precision provides possibility.
Claims (1)
1. can measure a Fibre Optical Sensor for density of hydrogen and temperature, including wide spectrum light source 1, sensing unit 2 and spectrum simultaneously
Instrument 3, it is characterised in that: described sensing unit 2 is made up of single-mode fiber 21, coreless fiber 22, single-mode fiber grating 23,
Wherein, carrying out welding by heat sealing machine between single-mode fiber, coreless fiber, single-mode fiber grating, coreless fiber 22 outer surface plates
There is the quick film of palladio hydrogen；The light that wide spectrum light source 1 sends enters in coreless fiber 22 after single-mode fiber 21, excites at welding area 24
Going out multiple higher order mode, these patterns are propagated with different propagation constants in coreless fiber, couple subsequently at welding area 25
And interfere, interference light signal enters single-mode fiber grating 23, meets the light of single-mode fiber grating 23 Bragg's condition of reflection
Will reflect, and the optical signal that transmission is gone out will enter spectrogrph 4；When extraneous density of hydrogen change, palladio can be changed
The refractive index of the quick film of hydrogen, makes interference spectrum be moved, and when ambient temperature changes, not only can change the quick film of palladio hydrogen
Refractive index also can change the structural parameters of single-mode fiber grating 23, make interference spectrum and bragg reflection wavelength all move
Dynamic, finally, the size of density of hydrogen and temperature counter can be released by the amount of movement of observation interference spectrum and bragg wavelength.
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| CN201610189417.6A CN105841840B (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-03-30 | It is a kind of to measure density of hydrogen and the fibre optical sensor of temperature simultaneously |
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| CN201610189417.6A CN105841840B (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-03-30 | It is a kind of to measure density of hydrogen and the fibre optical sensor of temperature simultaneously |
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| CN105841840B CN105841840B (en) | 2018-10-26 |
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Cited By (23)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105388128A (en) * | 2015-11-07 | 2016-03-09 | 包立峰 | Michelson interferometric optical-fiber hydrogen sensor based on PM-PCF |
| CN106500906A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-03-15 | 北京交通大学 | Baroceptor based on coreless fiber |
| CN107101960A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-08-29 | 深圳大学 | A kind of micro-nano fiber Michelson interference formula hydrogen gas sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN107247037A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-10-13 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Molecular state organic pollutant monitoring sensor based on single mode multimode coreless fiber structure |
| CN107607218A (en) * | 2017-09-02 | 2018-01-19 | 重庆黄桷树光电科技有限公司 | FBG hydrogen gas sensors that temperature and concentration measure simultaneously and preparation method thereof |
| CN107703106A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-02-16 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of fibre optical sensor of while detection temperature and heavy metal ion and preparation method thereof |
| CN108593119A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-28 | 南京大学 | A kind of continuously distributed structured optical fiber biochemical sensor and signal processing method of declining |
| CN109061799A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-21 | 西北大学 | Mode converter based on thin-core fibers Bragg grating |
| WO2018232628A1 (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2018-12-27 | 深圳大学 | Micro/nano-fiber michelson interferometric-type hydrogen sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN109142781A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-04 | 辽宁省计量科学研究院 | A kind of wind speed measuring device and method based on surface plasma body resonant vibration |
| CN109683113A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-26 | 苏州德睿电力科技有限公司 | A kind of fiber F-P cavity magnetic field sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN110031146A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-19 | 西安石油大学 | Based on capillary splice type fibre-optical microstructure transducer production method and measuring principle |
| CN110286090A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-09-27 | 武汉理工大学 | Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor and its preparation method and application based on Au@Pd nano particle |
| CN110411959A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-11-05 | 天津大学青岛海洋技术研究院 | For cavity sensor in the low detection limit of seawater salinity and temperature simultaneously measuring |
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| CN110672557A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-01-10 | 中国计量大学 | Multi-concentration interval optical fiber hydrogen sensor |
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Cited By (32)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105388128A (en) * | 2015-11-07 | 2016-03-09 | 包立峰 | Michelson interferometric optical-fiber hydrogen sensor based on PM-PCF |
| CN106500906A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-03-15 | 北京交通大学 | Baroceptor based on coreless fiber |
| CN106500906B (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2022-03-01 | 北京交通大学 | Air pressure sensor based on coreless optical fiber |
| WO2018232628A1 (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2018-12-27 | 深圳大学 | Micro/nano-fiber michelson interferometric-type hydrogen sensor and preparation method thereof |
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