CN105839030B - Bridge stainless steel wire hot-cast anchor cable and its drag-line used - Google Patents

Bridge stainless steel wire hot-cast anchor cable and its drag-line used Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105839030B
CN105839030B CN201610273731.2A CN201610273731A CN105839030B CN 105839030 B CN105839030 B CN 105839030B CN 201610273731 A CN201610273731 A CN 201610273731A CN 105839030 B CN105839030 B CN 105839030B
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China
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steel wire
stainless steel
hot
drag
steel
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CN105839030A (en
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李承昌
张劲泉
任红伟
张江威
郑晓华
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BEIJING GONGKE BRIDGE TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport
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BEIJING GONGKE BRIDGE TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
    • C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
    • C23G1/08—Iron or steel
    • C23G1/086—Iron or steel solutions containing HF
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/16—Suspension cables; Cable clamps for suspension cables ; Pre- or post-stressed cables

Abstract

The invention discloses bridge stainless steel wire hot-cast anchor cable and drag-line used.The bridge stainless steel wire hot-cast anchor cable is included by the drag-line for bearing pulling force of stainless steel steel wire set, the hot-cast anchorage for transmitting Suo Li；Stainless steel steel wire contains：C≤0.12%, Si≤1.00%, Mn：14.0 19.0%, P≤0.06%, S≤0.01%, Cr：18.0 22.0%, Ni：1.0 2.0%, N：0.45 0.65%；Stainless steel steel wire is prepared as follows：Smelt steel billet；Heating steel billet；Billet rolling obtains steel wire rod；Spinning；Cooling；Heat treatment；Pickling obtains steel wire rod after pickling；Cold-drawn, obtains stainless steel steel wire；A diameter of 6.5mm of steel wire rod；Stainless steel gauge of wire is 5.7mm；Cold-drawn is that steel wire rod after pickling is carried out into the stainless steel steel wire that a time cold-drawn obtains a diameter of 5.7mm.

Description

Bridge stainless steel wire hot-cast anchor cable and its drag-line used
Technical field
The present invention relates to bridge stainless steel wire hot-cast anchor cable and its drag-line used.
Background technology
Draw hoist cable bridge elegant in appearance with its, the advantages of span ability is big, be widely used, but disease is frequently in recent years Hair, to find out its cause, tradition draws hoist cable to use high-strength carbon steel wire or steel strand wires, its structure is very very thin, and is chronically at Under high-stress state, encroach on more sensitive to external world, with the growth of service life, progressively expose anti-corrosive coating's aging, corrosion, The diseases such as fracture of wire, severe patient occurs drawing hoist cable fracture, causes bridge collapse accident.Data from investigation shows, current to draw hoist cable bridge Changing the rope cycle is generally 5~20 years, much smaller than design life.The corrective measure that current countries in the world are taken is main from drag-line The aspects such as protective materials, cable body structure are set about, not very good from the point of view of practical application effect, and a new resolving ideas are profits Replace high-strength carbon steel wire with stainless steel wire, the premium properties such as anti-corrosion, wear-resisting, high-strength of stainless steel is made full use of, so that thoroughly Solve to draw sling steel wire corrosion disease this persistent ailment.
Chinese invention patent CN102534424A discloses a kind of stainless steel, bridge pull sling stainless steel wire and its preparation Methods and applications, the bridge pull sling stainless steel wire has preferable decay resistance while intensity is improved. The bridge pull sling of embodiment 1 is best with the performance of stainless steel wire TQS-1 in CN102534424A.
Chinese invention patent CN103088754A discloses a kind of bridge stainless steel and draws sling device, is arranged on drawing hoist cable On bridge, drawing sling device (20) includes：
Drag-line for bearing pulling force, the drag-line is formed by stainless steel steel wire set；
Stretching end anchorage (21) and fixing end anchorage (22), are respectively intended to cooperate with two ends for being anchored at the drag-line, And for transmitting the Suo Li of drag-line；And
Protector (23), is connected between the fixing end anchorage (22) and stretching end anchorage (21), described for protecting The exposed part (Fig. 1) outside the anchorage of drag-line.The drag-line nitrogen content is 0.6% or so high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel TQS-1, bridge pull sling material is used for after being processed into wire rod and steel wire, can replace coating epoxy resin zinc-coated wire.Full While requirement of the sufficient bridge pull sling to steel wire high intensity, erosion-resisting purpose is realized, enhance and draw the whole of sling device Body life time.
In anchorage design, the anchorage length of steel wire is a critical technical parameter, is directly connected to anchorage anchoring property.With The stainless steel wire of drag-line, on the premise of rustless property, corrosion resistance is met, should also have excellent in drawing sling device is made Mechanical property and processing performance.
The content of the invention
A technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to improve plasticity, the fatigue of drag-line in bridge hot-cast anchor cable Performance and processing performance.
In order to improve plasticity, fatigue behaviour and the processing performance of drag-line in bridge hot-cast anchor cable, the invention provides by The drag-line of bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire (the hereinafter referred to as stainless steel steel wire GQS-2) set of entitled GQS-2.No Rust steel steel wire GQS-2 keep higher-strength (Proof strength of non-proportional (Rp), tensile strength (Rm) and decay resistance Plasticity, fatigue behaviour and the processing performance of bridge pull sling stainless steel wire are improved simultaneously.
Drag-line provided by the present invention, the drag-line is used to prepare bridge hot-cast anchor cable, and the drag-line is by stainless steel steel Silk set is formed, wherein, the stainless steel steel wire (its entitled GQS-2) by percentage to the quality, contains following compositions：
C：≤ 0.12%；
Si：≤ 1.00%；
Mn：14.0-19.0%；
P≤0.06%；
S≤0.01%；
Cr：18.0-22.0%；
Ni：1.0-2.0%；
N：0.45-0.65%；
Balance of iron and inevitable impurity；
The stainless steel steel wire is prepared according to the method for comprising the following steps：
A, smelting steel billet；
B, heating steel billet；
C, billet rolling, obtain steel wire rod；
D, spinning；
E, cooling；
F, heat treatment；
G, pickling, obtain steel wire rod after pickling；
H, cold-drawn, obtain stainless steel steel wire；
In the C, a diameter of 6.5mm of steel wire rod；The stainless steel gauge of wire is 5.7mm；
In the H, the cold-drawn is that steel wire rod after the pickling is carried out into a time cold-drawn to obtain a diameter of 5.7mm not Rust steel steel wire.
In above-mentioned drag-line, in the F, heat treatment temperature is 1000 DEG C, and heat treatment time is 1.5 hours.
In above-mentioned drag-line, in the B, billet heating temperature is 1260 DEG C, and the heating steel billet time is 3.5 hours.
In above-mentioned drag-line, the stainless steel steel wire by percentage to the quality, contains following compositions：C：0.10%, Si： 0.30%, Mn：14.45%, P：0.035%, S：0.006%, Cr：18.30%, Ni：1.10%, N：0.5%, remaining be Fe with Inevitable impurity.
In above-mentioned drag-line, the smelting steel billet includes：
(1) electric furnace smelting：Electric furnace is added to be smelted steel scrap and nickel and alloy, crude steel Hydrochemical Composition reaches in treating electric furnace Tapped to during following standard, obtain just steel-making water：The weight/mass percentage composition of C is 1.30-1.80% (such as 1.30%), the quality of Mn Percentage composition is 8.5-12.5% (such as 10.0%), the weight/mass percentage composition of the weight/mass percentage composition less than or equal to 0.028%, S of P Weight/mass percentage composition less than or equal to 0.025%, Cr is 17.0-22.0% (such as 18.0%), and the weight/mass percentage composition of Ni is 1.0-2.0% (such as 1.0%)；
(2) argon oxygen decarburizing furnace refining：To it is described just steel-making water first carry out heat of oxidation smelting, after carry out reduction period smelting, also Slag former is added after original carries out slag making, and adds fine setting composition to be tapped after being finely adjusted to target component, obtains refined molten steel；Its In, heat of oxidation smelting is blown into mixed gas, and the mixed gas are by N2And O2According to (2-4):1 (such as 3:1) volume ratio composition； Reduction period whole nitrogen blowing smelting in smelting；
(3) steel billet is cast using continuous casting working procedure, obtains steel billet；
In (1), alloy is ferrochrome and ferromanganese.
In above-mentioned drag-line, according to 800-1200m in the heat of oxidation smelting3/ h (such as 900m3/ h) flow velocity be blown into it is described mixed Close gas；According to 400-600m in the reduction period smelting3/ h (such as 500m3/ h) flow velocity nitrogen blowing.
In above-mentioned drag-line, during the reduction period is smelted, ferrosilicon and aluminium are added, the mass ratio of the ferrosilicon and aluminium is (5- 12):1, such as 9:1.
In above-mentioned drag-line, the ferrochrome concretely high carbon ferro-chrome, the weight/mass percentage composition of the C of the high carbon ferro-chrome can be 4%-8%, such as 6.7%；The ferromanganese can be high carbon ferromanganese, and the weight/mass percentage composition of the C of the high carbon ferromanganese can be 2%- 8%, such as 7.5%.
In above-mentioned drag-line, the slag former can be lime and fluorite；The slag former specifically can by lime and fluorite according to (2-6):1 (such as 10:3) mass ratio composition.
In above-mentioned drag-line, the fine setting composition can be alloy or metal containing manganese, nitrogen and chromium, such as manganese and nitrided ferro-chromium.Institute Stating fine setting composition can specifically be made up of manganese and nitrided ferro-chromium, and the mass ratio of manganese and nitrided ferro-chromium can be 8:3.
In above-mentioned drag-line, the pickling is carried out with nitration mixture, and the nitration mixture is according to 4 by nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid and water:4:92 The solution of volume ratio composition.
The drag-line can be parallel wire stay, can be by 19~471 stainless steel steel wire GQS-2 groups of a diameter of 5.6mm Into.
In the application, the drag-line can be stay cable of cable-stayed bridge, sling of suspension bridge or half through or through arch bridge hoist cable.It is described Drag-line is that to use stainless steel wire parallel cluster be the bridge cable of cable body, abbreviation stainless steel wire rope.
Bridge hot-cast anchor cable containing above-mentioned drag-line falls within protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of specific bridge hot-cast anchor cable.
Bridge provided by the present invention hot-cast anchor cable, including：Drag-line (5) for bearing pulling force, drag-line (5) is by stainless Steel steel wire set is formed；
Hot-cast anchorage for transmitting the Suo Li of drag-line (5), the hot-cast anchorage is anchored at the end of the drag-line (5)；
Wherein, the drag-line is above-mentioned drag-line.
With in hot-cast anchor cable, the hot-cast anchorage is stretching end hot-cast anchorage and/or fixed hot-cast end anchorage to above-mentioned bridge.
A technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to improve the anchoring property of anchorage in bridge hot-cast anchor cable.
In order to improve the anchoring property of anchorage in bridge hot-cast anchor cable, the hot-cast anchorage is by the stainless steels of 20Cr13 Into the hot-cast anchorage includes hot casting anchor cup, and hot-cast filler is filled with the hot casting anchor cup, and the end of the drag-line (4) exists The length anchored in the hot-cast anchorage is lsae, the lsaeMeet following condition：
In formula, dwIt is the stainless steel gauge of wire, is 5.7mm；
lsaeIt is anchorage length, unit is mm；
σbIt is tensile strength of wire, unit is MPa；
ν is adhesive force of the single stainless steel steel wire with the hot-cast filler in unit area, is 6Mpa.
With in hot-cast anchor cable, the inner chamber of the hot casting anchor cup is cone to above-mentioned bridge.
In the application, the hot-cast anchorage uses the anchor head of hot-cast pltine in anchor cup.
In the application, the hot-cast filler be pltine, in pltine the weight/mass percentage composition of zinc for (98 ± 0.2) %, the weight/mass percentage composition of copper is (2 ± 0.2) %.
TQS-1 phase of the bridge pull sling in stainless steel steel wire GQS-2 and CN102534424A that drag-line of the present invention is used Than keeping higher-strength (Proof strength of non-proportional (Rp), tensile strength (Rm)), rigidity (elastic modelling quantity (E)) and resistance to Stress relaxation ability, fatigue behaviour and the processing performance (modeling of bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire are improved while corrosive nature Property deformability).The bridge pull sling elongation after fracture A of stainless steel steel wire GQS-2250It is the bridge pull sling use of comparative example 1 2.3 times of stainless steel steel wire, the stress relaxation rate of bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire GQS-2 is that the bridge of comparative example 1 draws and hangs With 0.6 times of stainless steel steel wire, bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire GQS-2 fatigue strength is that the bridge of comparative example 1 draws and hangs to rope Rope is with 1.7 times of stainless steel steel wire.The drag-line made of stainless steel steel wire GQS-2 using bridge pull sling, due to stainless steel steel GQS-2 is corrosion-resistant for silk, without (specifying non-in holding higher-strength including PE sheaths (PE nooses), and stainless steel steel wire GQS-2 Plasticity, fatigue behaviour and processing performance are improved while ratio extension strength (Rp), tensile strength (Rm) and decay resistance, is made High-strength, corrosion-resistant, life-cycle hot-cast anchor cable is prepared to be possibly realized.The present invention obtains single stainless steel steel wire GQS-2 by testing It is 6Mpa with adhesive force of the hot-cast material in unit area, it is determined that the anchorage length of stainless steel steel wire GQS-2, has made height By force, corrosion-resistant, life-cycle hot-cast anchor cable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the drawing sling device in Chinese invention patent CN103088754A.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of bridge hot-cast anchor cable of the invention.
Fig. 3 is stretching end hot casting anchor cup 6 and fixing end hot casting anchor 3 design drawings of cup.
Fig. 4 is anchor cup and cast material interaction schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described in detail with reference to specific embodiment, the embodiment for being given is only for explaining The bright present invention, rather than in order to limit the scope of the present invention.Experimental technique in following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, is Conventional method.Material used, reagent etc. in following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, commercially obtain.
Below, the present invention is specifically described by exemplary implementation method.It should be appreciated, however, that not entering one In the case of step narration, element, structure and features in an implementation method can also be advantageously incorporated into other embodiment In.
The various alloys and the composition of relevant apparatus that are used in following embodiments and comparative example are illustrated below：
High carbon ferro-chrome, by percentage to the quality, constitutes as follows：Cr 67%, C 6.7%, Si 1.8%, P 0.02%, S 0.026%, balance of iron and inevitable impurity；
High carbon ferromanganese, by percentage to the quality, constitutes as follows：Mn 78%, C 7.5%, Si 0.30%, P 0.16%, S 0.03%, balance of iron and inevitable impurity；
Metallic nickel, by percentage to the quality, constitutes as follows：Ni 99.9%, balance of inevitable impurity；
Ferrosilicon, by percentage to the quality, constitutes as follows：Si 75%, Al 1.3%, Ca 0.8%, P 0.023%, S 0.018%, C 0.09%, balance of iron and inevitable impurity；
Aluminum shot, by percentage to the quality, constitutes as follows：Al 99.5%, Fe 0.15%, Si 0.10%, Cu 0.01%, Ca 0.01%, Mg 0.03%, balance of inevitable impurity；
Lime, by percentage to the quality, constitutes as follows：CaO 90%, SiO22.1%, P 0.012%, S 0.085%, MgO 3.5%, balance of inevitable impurity；
Fluorite, by percentage to the quality, constitutes as follows：CaF285%, SiO212%, P 0.032%, S 0.12%, it is remaining It is inevitable impurity to measure；
Nitrided ferro-chromium by percentage to the quality, is constituted as follows：Cr 64.6%, C 0.03%, N 8.45%, P 0.023%, S 0.027%, Si 0.81%, balance of iron and inevitable impurity；
Manganese metal by percentage to the quality, is constituted as follows：C 0.01%, Si 0.002%, P 0.005%, S 0.03%, Mn 99.8%, balance of inevitable impurity；
The model of conticaster：R8m, manufacturer is：Da Nieli Automation Co., Ltd；
Withdrawal straightening machine model：LZ, Wuxi City Ge Ma Machinery Co., Ltd..
The preparation of stainless steel steel wire TQS-1 of comparative example 1, bridge pull sling
Bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire TQS-1 is in Chinese invention patent CN102534424A in embodiment 1 Bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire, by percentage to the quality, contains following compositions：C：0.10%, Si：0.30%, Mn： 14.45%, P：0.035%, S：0.006%, Cr：18.30%, Ni：1.10%, N：0.5%, remaining be Fe with it is inevitable Impurity.
Its specific preparation method is as follows：
A：Smelt steel billet
1) electric furnace smelting
Raw material is added in electric furnace：15.7 tons of steel scrap, 5.8 tons of high carbon ferro-chrome, 2.6 tons of high carbon ferromanganese, 0.5 ton of metallic nickel, Power-upization is clear, electric furnace crude steel Hydrochemical Composition is controlled roughly in carbon 1.30% after adding above-mentioned substance, P≤0.028%, and S≤ 0.025%, Cr：18.0%, Ni：1.0%, Mn：Tapped when 10.0%, obtain just steel-making water；In each stove will guarantee it is clear Evacuation, prevents from causing the fluctuation of Cr, Ni composition, and slag is scratched clean in tapping, determines slag thickness 50mm in ladle.
2) argon oxygen decarburizing furnace refining
Just steel-making water obtained above is transferred on argon oxygen decarburizing furnace and is refined, the heat of oxidation of refining is blown into mixed gas, The mixed gas are by N2And O2According to 3:1 volume ratio composition, the total amount of the being blown into 900m of the mixed gas3/ h (the i.e. mixed gas Flow velocity is 900m3/ h), reduction period whole process nitrogen blowing is smelted thereafter, is blown into nitrogen amount 500m3(i.e. the flow velocity of nitrogen is 500m to/h3/ H), ferrosilicon 45kg/t, aluminum shot 5kg/t is added to be reduced, and add lime 10kg/t, fluorite 3.0kg/t, slag making, reduction period The common 800kg of manganese metal is dividedly in some parts, based on nitrogen recovery 50%, adds nitrided ferro-chromium 300kg regulation nitrogen contents to carry out composition micro- Adjust, nitrogen content is reached 0.65%-0.68%, then by minimum discharge 55m3After/h nitrogen blowings are stirred 3 minutes, steel is determined Each component content is in water：C：0.10%, Si：0.30%, Mn：14.45%, P：0.035%, S：0.006%, Cr： 18.30%, Ni：1.10%, N：0.5%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, rear direct tapping, obtains refined molten steel；Survey Slag is thick in determining ladle：160mm.Ferrosilicon 45kg/t, aluminum shot 5kg/t and lime 10kg/t, fluorite 3.0kg/t are wherein added, refers to The ratio for adding ferrosilicon 45kg, aluminum shot 5kg, lime 10kg, fluorite 3.0kg in raw material per ton adds ferrosilicon, aluminum shot, lime and firefly Stone.
3) continuous casting working procedure：Continuous casting working procedure is completed by conticaster, and process is：First will be equipped with having refined molten steel (refined molten steel) Ladle be transported to panoramic table, after panoramic table turns to pouring position, molten steel is injected into tundish, the molten steel of tundish passes through the mouth of a river Be assigned to each crystallizer, withdrawal straightening machine pulls out the casting in crystallizer with crystallizing vibration device, through cooling, electromagnetic agitation after, Cutting slab.Wherein, in refining ladle molten steel fusing point：1405℃；The temperature of tundish：1430℃；It is stainless that continuous casting is obtained The specification of steel steel billet：220mm (thickness) × 220mm (width)；The pulling rate of withdrawal straightening machine is 0.6m/min；Tundish immersed nozzle is inserted Depth is 135mm.
B：Heating steel billet
The stainless steel steel billet that will be obtained is heated to 1280 DEG C in sealed heating furnace, is incubated 2 hours.
C：Billet rolling
On stainless steel high-speed rod-rolling mill, by stainless steel wire of the stainless steel billet rolling into a diameter of 6.5mm after heating Material.
D：Spinning
STAINLESS STEEL WIRE is rolled into the coil of strip that internal diameter is 1150mm on Laying head.
E：Cooling
The STAINLESS STEEL WIRE volume after spinning is cooled to room temperature on the cooling roller bed of transportation.
F：Heat treatment
The STAINLESS STEEL WIRE that will as above obtain is heat-treated in being put into heat-treatment furnace, 1100 DEG C of heat treatment temperature, insulation 1.5 hours, water-cooled of coming out of the stove.
G：Pickling
By the stainless steel wire timber-used mass concentration after heat treatment be 15% nitric acid and mass concentration is that 5% hydrofluoric acid is made into Acid carries out pickling and obtains STAINLESS STEEL WIRE finished product, its a diameter of 6.5mm.
H：Cold-drawn
The STAINLESS STEEL WIRE finished product of a diameter of 6.5mm is carried out into two passage cold-drawns by 6.5mm → 5.5mm → 5.0mm to obtain To the bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire of a diameter of 5.0mm.The bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire is named as TQS-1. Above-mentioned two passages cold-drawn refers to that the STAINLESS STEEL WIRE finished product of a diameter of 6.5mm is first carried out into a time cold-drawn to obtain a diameter of The STAINLESS STEEL WIRE of 5.5mm, then the STAINLESS STEEL WIRE of a diameter of 5.5mm is carried out into a time cold-drawn obtain a diameter of 5.0mm's STAINLESS STEEL WIRE, the STAINLESS STEEL WIRE of a diameter of 5.0mm is bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire TQS-1.
The preparation of stainless steel steel wire GQS-1 of embodiment 1, bridge pull sling
Bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire GQS-1, by percentage to the quality, contains following compositions：C：0.10%, Si：0.30%, Mn：14.45%, P：0.035%, S：0.006%, Cr：18.30%, Ni：1.10%, N：0.5%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method and the Bridge of comparative example 1 of bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire GQS-1 draw hoist cable stainless steel The preparation method of steel wire TQS-1 differs only in B：Heating steel billet, F：Heat treatment, G：Pickling and H：Cold-drawn this four steps. The bridge pull sling is as follows with the specific preparation method of stainless steel steel wire GQS-1：
A：Smelt steel billet
With comparative example 1.
B：Heating steel billet
The stainless steel steel billet that will be obtained is heated to 1260 DEG C in sealed heating furnace, is incubated 3.5 hours.
C：Billet rolling
With comparative example 1.
D：Spinning
With comparative example 1.
E：Cooling
With comparative example 1.
F：Heat treatment
The STAINLESS STEEL WIRE that will as above obtain is heat-treated in being put into heat-treatment furnace, 1000 DEG C of heat treatment temperature, insulation 1.5 hours, water-cooled of coming out of the stove.
G：Pickling
Stainless steel wire timber-used nitration mixture after heat treatment is carried out into pickling, STAINLESS STEEL WIRE finished product is obtained, its is a diameter of 6.5mm.The nitration mixture is according to 4 by nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid and water:4:The solution of 92 volume ratio composition.
H：Cold-drawn
The STAINLESS STEEL WIRE finished product of a diameter of 6.5mm is carried out into a time cold-drawn by 6.5mm → 5.6mm and obtains a diameter of The bridge pull sling of 5.6mm stainless steel steel wire.The bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire is named as GQS-1.
The preparation of stainless steel steel wire GQS-2 of embodiment 2, bridge pull sling
Bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire GQS-2, by percentage to the quality, contains following compositions：C：0.10%, Si：0.30%, Mn：14.45%, P：0.035%, S：0.006%, Cr：18.30%, Ni：1.10%, N：0.5%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method and the Bridge of comparative example 1 of bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire GQS-2 draw hoist cable stainless steel The preparation method of steel wire TQS-1 differs only in B：Heating steel billet, F：Heat treatment, G：Pickling and H：Cold-drawn this four steps. Bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire of the bridge pull sling in the preparation method and embodiment 1 of stainless steel steel wire GQS-2 The preparation method of GQS-1 differs only in H：Cold-drawn this step.The bridge pull sling tool of stainless steel steel wire GQS-2 Preparation is as follows：
A：Smelt steel billet
With comparative example 1.
B：Heating steel billet
With embodiment 1.
C：Billet rolling
With comparative example 1.
D：Spinning
With comparative example 1.
E：Cooling
With comparative example 1.
F：Heat treatment
With embodiment 1.
G：Pickling
With embodiment 1.
H：Cold-drawn
The STAINLESS STEEL WIRE finished product of a diameter of 6.5mm is carried out into a time cold-drawn by 6.5mm → 5.7mm and obtains a diameter of The bridge pull sling of 5.7mm stainless steel steel wire.The bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire is named as GQS-2.
The preparation of stainless steel steel wire DQS-1 of comparative example 2, bridge pull sling
Bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire DQS-1, by percentage to the quality, contains following compositions：C：0.10%, Si：0.30%, Mn：14.45%, P：0.035%, S：0.006%, Cr：18.30%, Ni：1.10%, N：0.5%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Bridge pull sling of the bridge pull sling in the preparation method and embodiment 1 of stainless steel steel wire DQS-1 is with stainless The preparation method of steel steel wire GQS-1 differs only in H：Cold-drawn this step.Bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire The specific preparation method of DQS-1 is as follows：
A：Smelt steel billet
With comparative example 1.
B：Heating steel billet
With embodiment 1.
C：Billet rolling
With comparative example 1.
D：Spinning
With comparative example 1.
E：Cooling
With comparative example 1.
F：Heat treatment
With embodiment 1.
G：Pickling
With embodiment 1.
H：Cold-drawn
The STAINLESS STEEL WIRE finished product of a diameter of 6.5mm is carried out into a time cold-drawn by 6.5mm → 5.5mm and obtains a diameter of The bridge pull sling of 5.5mm stainless steel steel wire.The bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire is named as DQS-1.
The preparation of stainless steel steel wire DQS-2 of comparative example 3, bridge pull sling
Bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire DQS-2, by percentage to the quality, contains following compositions：C：0.10%, Si：0.30%, Mn：14.45%, P：0.035%, S：0.006%, Cr：18.30%, Ni：1.10%, N：0.5%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Bridge pull sling of the bridge pull sling in the preparation method and embodiment 1 of stainless steel steel wire DQS-2 is with stainless The preparation method of steel steel wire GQS-1 differs only in H：Cold-drawn this step.Bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire The specific preparation method of DQS-2 is as follows：
A：Smelt steel billet
With comparative example 1.
B：Heating steel billet
With embodiment 1.
C：Billet rolling
With comparative example 1.
D：Spinning
With comparative example 1.
E：Cooling
With comparative example 1.
F：Heat treatment
With embodiment 1.
G：Pickling
With embodiment 1.
H：Cold-drawn
The STAINLESS STEEL WIRE finished product of a diameter of 6.5mm is carried out into a time cold-drawn by 6.5mm → 5.9mm and obtains a diameter of The bridge pull sling of 5.9mm stainless steel steel wire.The bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire is named as DQS-2.
Embodiment 3, the bridge pull sling performance of stainless steel steel wire
The present invention is by examinations such as tensile test at room temperature, the experiment of axial constant amplitude low-cycle fatigue, winding, alternating bending and torsions After testing, to the bridge pull sling of each embodiment and comparative example basic mechanical performance of stainless steel steel wire, fatigue behaviour and technique Performance has carried out the experiment of system.
The bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire of each embodiment and comparative example is pressed《Steel and product made from steel mechanical property test take It is prepared by sample position and sample》The requirement of (GB/T 2975-1998) cuts sample blanks and prepares sample.Press《Metal tensile test side Method》(GB/T 228-2010) and《Bridge cable hot-dip galvanizing steel wire》(GB/T 17101-2008) prescriptive procedure determines bridge Draw the basic mechanical performance (nonproportional cyclic straining, tensile strength, elastic modelling quantity, elongation) of hoist cable stainless steel steel wire.Root According to《Metal material axial direction constant amplitude low-cycle fatigue test method》(GB/T15248-2008) and《Bridge cable hot-galvanized steel Silk》(GB/T 17101-2008) specifies, fatigue test is carried out with stainless steel steel wire to bridge pull sling, determine its fatigue behaviour. According to《Artificial atmosphere corrosion test salt spray test》The regulation of (GB/T 10125-2012) uses bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire Salt spray test is carried out, its corrosive nature is determined.
1st, mechanical property test
1.1 tensile test at room temperature
Sample is with reference to GB/T 228-2010《Metal material tensile testing at ambient temperature》In the regulation on sample, take 30 Root length is each embodiment of 400mm and the bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire of comparative example.
Press《It is prepared by steel and product made from steel mechanical property test sample position and sample》The requirement system of (GB/T 2975-1998) Standby sample.Press《Metal tensile test method》(GB/T 228-2010) and《Bridge cable hot-dip galvanizing steel wire》(GB/T 17101-2008) prescriptive procedure, is tested using PWS-50 types electro-hydraulic servo testing machine.The tension of stainless steel wire is drawn by experiment Intensity Rm, Proof strength of non-proportional Rp0.2, elastic modulus E, elongation after fracture (elongation after fracture) A250It is average etc. index Value and standard value.Experiment is carried out in laboratory, 10-35 DEG C of test temperature.The original gauge length L of sample0=250mm, sample overall length Degree Lc >=L0+100mm。
(1) elongation after fracture A250
Elongation after fracture is after sample is broken, its original guage section increased length and former gauge length percentage Than being calculated divided by the original gauge length of sample (gauge length uses 250mm) by sample total elongation of having no progeny.Test in triplicate, often Secondary every kind of bridge pull sling tests 10 with stainless steel steel wire.
In formula：A250- in 250mm gauge lengths sample elongation after fracture (%)；
Lu- gauge length of having no progeny (mm)；
L0- original gauge length (mm), takes 250mm.
(2) intensity and elastic modelling quantity
Intensity is one of most important mechanical performance index of steel.The elastic modelling quantity of steel is one of stiffness index of steel, Elastic modelling quantity is bigger, and its rigidity is bigger, and its deformation is smaller during stress；Conversely, elastic modelling quantity is smaller, its rigidity is just smaller, receives Its deformation is bigger during power.
In triplicate, each every kind of bridge pull sling tests 10 with stainless steel steel wire for experiment.By tensile test at room temperature, Obtain the various intensity indexs and elastic modelling quantity of bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire.The nonproportional cyclic straining of stainless reinforcing bar, Tensile strength and elastic modelling quantity.
(3) relax experiment
Relaxation test specifies that test temperature scope exists according to " metal stresses relaxation test method " (GB/T10120-2013) 19.3-21.2 DEG C, according to theoretical initial load 15.10KN (stress 770MPa, according to Rb=1120 70%), it is actual initial Load 15.11kN (stress 770Pa), 100 hours test periods.Calculate stress relaxation rate extrapolated value (extrapolation 1000 in 1000 hours The stress relaxation rate of hour).In triplicate, each every kind of bridge pull sling tests 10 with stainless steel steel wire for experiment.
1.2 fatigue tests
According to specification GB/T15248-2008《Metal material axial direction constant amplitude low-cycle fatigue test method》And GB/ T17101-2008《Bridge cable hot-dip galvanizing steel wire》Regulation, to each embodiment and the bridge pull sling stainless steel of comparative example Steel wire carries out fatigue test.Sample is uiform section sample, and the guage section of specimen finish is identical with retained part；Sample work department Point with the axiality of retained part within 0.01mm.The major parameter of fatigue test process spectrum is test force peak value fmax= 1250 × 0.45=562.5MPa, test force valley fmin=562.5-360=202.5MPa, test force intermediate valueWith test force amplitude
Experiment is carried out in laboratory, 10-35 DEG C of test temperature.In triplicate, every kind of bridge pull sling is used every time for experiment Stainless steel steel wire tests 10.
According to《Bridge cable hot-dip galvanizing steel wire》(GB/T 17101-2008) specifies, tradition draws hoist cable zinc-coated wire Fatigue behaviour is not less than 2,000,000 times.The bridge pull sling of each embodiment and comparative example mechanical property of stainless steel steel wire is such as Shown in table 1.Result shows that the bridge pull sling of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is non-with the tensile strength Rm and regulation of stainless steel steel wire Ratio extension strength Rp0.2The bridge pull sling for being above comparative example 1 with elastic modelling quantity stainless steel steel wire, extension property of having no progeny, Stress relaxation ability and fatigue behaviour are significantly better than the bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire of comparative example 1, embodiment 1 and embodiment The 2 bridge pull sling elongation after fracture A of stainless steel steel wire250It is the bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire of comparative example 1 2.3 times, the stress relaxation rate of the bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is that the bridge of comparative example 1 draws Hoist cable is with 0.6 times of stainless steel steel wire, and the bridge pull sling of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is equal with the fatigue strength of stainless steel steel wire It is the bridge pull sling of comparative example 1 with 1.7 times of stainless steel steel wire.The bridge pull sling stainless steel of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 The tensile strength Rm and Proof strength of non-proportional Rp of steel wire0.2With the bridge pull sling of elastic modelling quantity and comparative example 2 with stainless Steel steel wire is similar, extension property of having no progeny less than comparative example 2 bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire, embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 The stress relaxation ability and fatigue behaviour of bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire are significantly better than the bridge pull sling of comparative example 2 with not Rust steel steel wire, the bridge pull sling of the embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 elongation after fracture A of stainless steel steel wire250It is comparative example 2 Bridge pull sling with 3.3 times of stainless steel steel wire, the bridge pull sling of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 stress of stainless steel steel wire Relaxation rate be the bridge pull sling of comparative example 2 with 0.6 times of stainless steel steel wire, the bridge pull sling of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 It is the bridge pull sling of comparative example 2 with 1.7 times of stainless steel steel wire with the fatigue strength of stainless steel steel wire.Embodiment 1 and reality The bridge pull sling for applying example 2 is similar with stainless steel steel wire with the elastic modelling quantity of stainless steel steel wire and the bridge pull sling of comparative example 3, The bridge drawing that the elongation after fracture of the bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is substantially less than comparative example 3 is hung Rope stainless steel steel wire, but the bridge pull sling of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 the tensile strength Rm and regulation of stainless steel steel wire Nonproportional cyclic straining Rp0.2, stress relaxation ability and fatigue behaviour be significantly better than the bridge pull sling stainless steel of comparative example 3 The tensile strength Rm of the bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire of steel wire, embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is that the bridge of comparative example 3 draws Hoist cable with 1.4 times of stainless steel steel wire, the bridge pull sling of the embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 regulation disproportional of stainless steel steel wire Extension strength Rp0.2Be the bridge pull sling of comparative example 3 with 1.3 times of stainless steel steel wire, the bridge of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 The stress relaxation rate for drawing hoist cable stainless steel steel wire is respectively the bridge pull sling of comparative example 3 with the 0.7 of stainless steel steel wire and 0.6 Times, the fatigue strength of the bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is respectively that the bridge of comparative example 3 draws and hangs Rope is with 1.9 times of stainless steel steel wire and 2.0 times.
Table 1, the bridge pull sling mechanical property of stainless steel steel wire
2nd, technological property test
Technological property test mainly investigates material plasticity deformability, the respectively experiment such as winding, alternating bending and torsion, Items experiment separately designs as follows：
(1) wrapping test
What wrapping test was tested is the ability that bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire bears plastic deformation in winding process, It is that bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire test is closely wound regulation spiral on the plug for meeting correlation standard diameter The number of turns.Steel wire winding experiment is pressed《Metal material material winds test method》(GB/T 2976-2004) is carried out, and winding plug is straight Footpath is 15mm.
Test temperature is 10 DEG C -35 DEG C, and process of the test is as follows：
1. sample should be in the case of without any torsion, with the constant speed for being no more than a circle per second along hand of helix Wind around on plug, if necessary, speed of wrap can be slowed down, result of the test is influenceed to prevent temperature from raising.
2. it is tight to ensure winding, can apply to be no more than the corresponding force value of sample tensile strength in sample free end during winding 5% tightening force.
3. often winding 1 is enclosed, and estimates specimen surface, sees whether Steel Wire Surface ftractures.
In triplicate, each every kind of bridge pull sling tests 10 with stainless steel steel wire for experiment.
(2) alternating bending test
Alternating bending test is bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire alternating bending plastic deformation ability.Alternating bending is tried Test is carried out by the regulation of " metal material wire rod alternating bending test method " (GB/T 238-2013), it is desirable to which test specimen is straight, surface Not damaged, test temperature is 23 DEG C ± 5 DEG C, and sample free end 90-degree bent is returned again to original position as curved for the first time It is bent.Carry out continuously and incessantly alternating bending round about successively.Bending operation with it is per second no more than once at the uniform velocity Rate is steady to be carried out without impact.Specimen surface is observed after off-test and does not produce macroscopic crackle, then pass the test.If examination Sample is broken, and number of bends is not counted in for the last time.Every kind of bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire selection bends arc radius and is 15mm.In triplicate, each every kind of bridge pull sling tests 10 with stainless steel steel wire for experiment.
(3) torsion test
Plastic deformation ability when what torsion test was tested is bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire torsion, this experiment is used Unidirectional torsion test, its principle is to 360 ° of a direction Rotating with Uniform, as once reversing by sample around axis.Torsional specimen Length be 100 times of specimen finish.Often reverse 1 time, estimate specimen surface, see whether Steel Wire Surface ftractures.Experiment repeats three Secondary, each every kind of bridge pull sling tests 10 with stainless steel steel wire.The bridge pull sling of each embodiment and comparative example is with stainless The processing performance of steel steel wire is as shown in table 2.
Table 2, the bridge pull sling processing performance of stainless steel steel wire
Note：The winding number of turns is the indehiscent number of turns of Steel Wire Surface.
3rd, corrosive nature
(1) spot corrosion experiment
The bridge pull sling corrosive nature of stainless steel steel wire of each embodiment and comparative example is determined as follows.
The M273A type electrochemical corrosion measuring instruments that determination test equipment is produced using EG＆G companies of the U.S.；Assay method and Condition is as follows：
Polarization method is dynamic potential polarization；Sweep speed is 20mV/min；Reference electrode is saturated calomel electrode；Auxiliary Electrode is graphite electrode；Test medium is 3.5% sodium chloride solution；Test temperature is 31 DEG C；Measurement result is as shown in table 3, real The bridge pull sling for applying example 1, embodiment 2, comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 is differed with the pitting potential of stainless steel steel wire Less, respectively 150mV, 148mV, 144mV, 142mV and 143mV, with obvious passive behavior.Using identical method pair Zinc-coated wire (production of Tianjin galvanized steel Silk Mill) carries out pitting potential measure, measures the pitting potential of zinc-coated wire for -200mV, As can be seen that bridge pull sling prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1,2 is higher than zinc-coated wire with the pitting potential of stainless steel steel wire Pitting potential, and pitting potential it is higher be less susceptible to corrosion, the embodiment of the present invention 1,2 prepare bridge pull sling stainless steel steel The pitting resistance of silk is more excellent than zinc-coated wire.
(2) neutral salt spray test
The bridge pull sling corrosivity of stainless steel steel wire of each embodiment and comparative example is determined using neutral salt spray test Energy.Simultaneously using common zinc-coated wire as control.The key instrument that neutral salt spray test is used includes salt spray test chamber, intelligent testing Test system and pH meter.Wherein salt spray test chamber is CK/YW-120C intelligent automatic salt spray test chambers, by Beijing Qie Ke companies Production, interior case size is 1200mm × 800mm × 500mm.The operation principle of salt fog cabinet is to draw salt solution using Bai Nute principles After be atomized, the bubble column that compressed air is led in nozzle way via it and it is wetted, nozzle is by etchant solution and air Corrosivity aerosol is atomized into, so as to form the corrosive environment of test material.Intelligent test system is alluvial gold code company long production Test system, is controlled for the stress to sensor.During configuration salt solution, the pH value of pH meter test solution is used.
Steel wire is soaked into 24h in the HCl solution that concentration is 10% before experiment, steel wire is used under the washing away of clear water after taking-up Brush most surface iron rust, with surface residual hydrochloric acid in limewash, then rinsed well with clear water.Dried in an oven after wiping 4h, then 4h is deposited in drier.Weight is weighed with the electronic balance that precision is 0.1g, precision measures length for the steel ruler of 0.5mm Degree.
This experiment is in strict accordance with national standard《Artificial atmosphere corrosion test salt spray test》(GB/T 10125-2012) enters OK.Chemical reagent required for being equipped with salt fog is chemical pure NaCl, and concentration is equipped to for 55g/L solution by distilled water.Chamber Two salt fog collectors are inside put, one is close to nozzle, and one is funnel shaped away from nozzle, and a diameter of 100mm, area is about 80cm2, for determining average settlement rate, meet 80cm2Horizontal area on average settlement rate for 1.5mL/h ± 0.5mL/h will Ask.The pH value of collection liquid is controlled 6.5~7.2, after going beyond the scope, is adjusted with pure HCl and NaOH is analyzed.
Neutral salt spray test carries out 40d.In triplicate, each every kind of bridge pull sling tests 10 with stainless steel steel wire for experiment Root.After the completion of bridge pull sling is with stainless steel steel wire neutral salt spray test, the steel wire of corrosion is taken out, according to international standard ISO 8407-2009“Corrosion of metals and alloys—Removal of corrosion products from Corrosion test specimens ", the solution for being dissolved in the formation of 1000mL distilled water with 200mL concentrated nitric acids soaks at room temperature 60min, is rinsed after taking-up with clear water, and eliminates surface iron rust with wire brush, after drying in oven, with the electricity that precision is 0.1g Sub- balance weighs weight.
3.4.2 mass loss rate
Wire quality is weighed before and after corrosion, mass loss rate is calculated.Mass loss rate=(before corrosion after quality-corrosion Quality) preceding quality × 100% of/corrosion.The bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire of each embodiment and comparative example tests 10.
The bridge pull sling of each embodiment and comparative example is as shown in table 3 with the mass loss rate of stainless steel steel wire.As a result table It is bright, the mass loss of stainless steel steel wire of the bridge pull sling of embodiment 1, embodiment 2, comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 Rate is more or less the same, and far below common zinc-coated wire, illustrates embodiment 1, embodiment 2, comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 Bridge pull sling be better than common zinc-coated wire with the decay resistance of stainless steel steel wire.
The bridge pull sling of table 3. corrosive nature of stainless steel steel wire
Bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire Pitting potential Average mass loss rate
The GQS-1 of embodiment 1 150mV 0.06123%
The GQS-2 of embodiment 2 148mV 0.06111%
The TQS-1 of comparative example 1 144mV 0.06098%
The DQS-1 of comparative example 2 142mV 0.06089%
The DQS-2 of comparative example 3 143mV 0.06075%
Common zinc-coated wire -200mV 1.809%
Embodiment 4, bridge hot-cast anchor cable
Referring to Fig. 2, the bridge hot-cast anchor cable of one embodiment of the present invention includes：Drag-line 4 for bearing pulling force, draws Rope 4 is formed by stainless steel steel wire set；Stretching end hot-cast anchorage, fixing end hot-cast anchorage, are respectively intended to cooperate with and are anchored at drag-line 4 Two ends, and for transmitting the Suo Li of drag-line；And protector, it is connected to fixing end hot-cast anchorage and stretching end hot casting anchor Between tool, for the exposed part outside anchorage of protective rope 4.In addition, protector is in addition to the effect with protection, to subtract Small drag-line steel wire dynamic-load stress amplitude in anchor cup, improves the fatigue performance of anchorage, acts on the dynamic of drag-line steel wire in anchor cup Carrying needs to be alleviated when drag-line is by protector.Now protector is but also as a kind of stressed member.
Stretching end hot-cast anchorage is identical with the structure of fixing end hot-cast anchorage, is respectively used to anchor two ends of drag-line. Wherein, stretching end hot-cast anchorage includes：Stretching end hot casting anchor cup 6 for accommodating drag-line and hot-cast filler, stretching end hot casting anchor The inner chamber of cup 6 is cone；Nut 8, nut 8 is set in the peripheral part of stretching end hot casting anchor cup 6, for fastening stretching end hot-cast Anchor cup 6；Used as the connecting cylinder 5 of protector, one end of connecting cylinder 5 is connected to the bottom of stretching end hot casting anchor cup 6；It is arranged on tensioning The centering ring 11 at the osculum end of end hot casting anchor glass 6, prevents stainless steel steel wire from contacting damage steel wire with anchor cup；It is filled in stretching end heat Hot-cast filler 15 in casting anchor cup 6；Be arranged on stretching end hot casting anchor cup 6 big opening end end cap 12, for seal anchor cup.
Equally, fixing end hot-cast anchorage includes：Fixing end hot casting anchor cup 3 for accommodating drag-line and hot-cast filler, it is fixed The inner chamber of end hot casting anchor glass 3 is cone；Nut 2, nut 2 is set in the peripheral part of fixing end hot casting anchor cup 3, solid for fastening Fixed end hot casting anchor glass 3；Used as the connecting cylinder 10 of protector, one end of connecting cylinder 10 is connected to the bottom of fixing end hot casting anchor cup 3； The centering ring 13 at the osculum end of fixing end hot casting anchor cup 3 is arranged on, prevents stainless steel steel wire from contacting damage steel wire with anchor cup；Filling Hot-cast filler 7 in fixing end hot casting anchor cup 3；Be arranged on fixing end hot casting anchor cup 3 big opening end end cap 1, for close Sealing off and covering anchorage cup.
1st, bridge hot-cast anchor cable (bridge life-cycle stainless steel wire rope) static analysis
Stretching end hot-cast anchorage is identical with the structure of fixing end hot-cast anchorage, and preparation method is also identical, is referred to as below Anchorage or hot-cast anchorage.Stretching end hot-cast anchorage and fixing end hot-cast anchorage, except hot-cast filler, other structures are all used 20Cr13 makes.
1.1 anchorage chemical compositions
Anchorage chemical composition presses GB/T 1220-2007《Stainless steel bar》National standard (GB/T 1220-2007, stainless steel Rod [S] Beijing:China Standards Press, 2007) detected, testing result is shown in Table 4, and testing result is qualified.
Table 4,20Cr13 raw material chemical compositions
1.2 anchorage mechanical properties
1) heat treating regime
Anchorage uses 20Cr13, is martensite steel, and conventional hardening and tempering process improves its comprehensive mechanical property, and hardness Design will Ask：235-265HB.It is heat-treated using following quenching+high tempering technique：
The first step is heated to 1000 DEG C, is incubated 210min, makes material austenitizing, then by oil quenchinng, obtain horse Family name's body tissue, martensite is hard and crisp, although intensity is high, but poor toughness, is not suitable for structural material and uses.Second step is at 660 DEG C Lower insulation 270min be high-temperature tempering process, i.e. martensite transfor mation be tempered sorbite tissue, i.e. ferrite+granular carbide, Ensure the intensity and toughness of material.Rapid cooling is to prevent temper brittleness.This kind of combination property of process materials is optimal, that is, have Intensity higher, toughness is also preferable.Measured hardness 252-265HB, meets design requirement.
2) mechanical property
The mechanical property of anchorage sample presses GB/T 1220-2007《Stainless steel bar》National standard detected, testing result 5 are shown in Table, testing result is qualified.
The anchorage sample mechanical property of table 5
1.3 anchorage static analysis
The present embodiment is used with the bridge pull sling of embodiment 2 with the bridge that stainless steel steel wire GQS-2 (diameter 5.7mm) makes As a example by hot-cast anchor cable, stainless steel wire tensile strength sigmabIt is set as 1250MPa, stretching end hot casting anchor cup 6 and fixing end hot casting anchor cup 3 (abbreviation anchor cup) design drawing is shown in Fig. 3, and its static analysis is as follows：
1) the disrumpent feelings Suo Li F of drag-line
F=N* π R2*σb/ 1000=223*3.1415926*5.7*5.7/4*1250/1000=7113.03kN
Wherein, N is the radical of the bridge pull sling stainless steel wire GQS-2 of the embodiment 2 in drag-line 5, is 223 Root；R is the radius of the bridge pull sling stainless steel steel wire GQS-2 of embodiment 2, is 5.7/2mm.
2) external screw thread stress intensity is checked
External screw thread is designed by disrumpent feelings Suo Li, according to anchorage design size, bending stress
σw=3Fh/ (π d1b2Z)=3 × 7113030 × 6/ (3.14 × 218 × 7.8 × 7.8 × 10)=307.43MPa
Wherein Z=10 tooth, h=0.5P (pitch), d1=diameter of thread=Major Diam D-P, b=0.65P.Shearing should Power
τ=F/ (π DbZ)=7113030/ (3.14 × 230 × 7.8 × 10)=126.27MPa
Combined stress
σ=SQRT (σw 2+3*τ2)=405.23MPa
The external screw thread combined stress being calculated is 405.23MPa, the Proof strength of non-proportional R less than 20Cr13P0.2 =440MPa, meets code requirement.
3) tensioning screw thread (internal thread) stress intensity is checked
Tensioning screw thread is designed by 0.6 times of disrumpent feelings Suo Li, according to anchorage design size, bending stress
σw=3Fh/ (π d1b2Z)=3 × 7113030 × 0.6 × 5/ (3.14 × 170 × 6.5 × 6.5 × 10)= 283.85MPa
Shear stress
τ=F/ (π DbZ)=7113030 × 0.6/ (3.14 × 170 × 6.5 × 10)=123.00MPa
Combined stress
σ=SQRT (σw 2+3*τ2)=358.58MPa
The tensioning screw thread combined stress being calculated is 358.58MPa, the Proof strength of non-proportional less than 20Cr13 RP0.2=440MPa, meets code requirement.
4) escape stress intensity is checked
The tension of tensioning Gewindefreistiche is calculated by 0.6 times of disrumpent feelings Suo Li, tension
σ1=F/ (π D3 2-πd3 2)=7113030 × 0.6/ (3.14 × 230 × 230-3.14 × 181 × 181)= 67.49MPa
The tension of the tensioning Gewindefreistiche being calculated is 67.49MPa, the regulation Non-proportional extension less than 20Cr13 Intensity RP0.2=440MPa, meets code requirement.
5) circumference stress (highway suspension bridge design specification (paper for approval) Beijing:People's Transportation Press, 2002)
Fig. 4 is shown in the interaction of anchor cup and cast material (hot-cast filler), then the circumference stress of anchor cup is：
L in formulasc--- the effective length of cast material,
Tsm--- the average wall thickness of anchor cup, mm in cast material effective length；
Ft--- anchor cup hoop tension, can be calculated as follows：
Wherein, Ns--- cable tension, N；
βs--- anchor cup inner conical surface bus and axis angle, this anchor cup design drawing, βs=6.46 °；
--- the angle of pressure line and anchor cup inner conical surface bus on the interior body of casting of anchor cup；
Cast material is hot-cast filler, is taken
The anchorage circumference stress being calculated according to above-mentioned formula is 184.49MPa, the regulation disproportional less than 20Cr13 Extension strength RP0.2=440MPa, meets code requirement.
Above-mentioned result of calculation collects sees 6.
The bridge pull sling of table 6 stainless steel steel wire GQS-2 drag-line hot casting anchor anchorage design calculation results
2nd, the determination of stainless steel wire anchorage length
In anchorage design, the anchorage length of steel wire is a critical technical parameter, is directly connected to anchorage anchoring property. In zinc-coated wire Designs, anchorage length lsae(highway suspension bridge design specification (paper for approval) Beijing should be met:The people Traffic publishing house, 2002)：
In formula, dw--- steel wire diameter, mm；
lsae--- anchorage length in steel wire anchor cup, mm is shown in Fig. 4；
σb--- steel wire Nominal Tensile, MPa；
ν --- individual wire and adhesive force of the hot-cast filler in unit area, during without testing data：Hot-cast filler ν= 25MPa。
But, using stainless steel wire as drag-line material, it is different with zinc-coated wire, therefore, it is necessary to stainless steel for the application Adhesive force ν between silk and cast material in unit area is tested, for stainless steel wire Designs provide foundation.
It is hot-cast filler to fill anchor material, and it is L, stainless steel wire diameter d to fill anchor lengthw=5.7mm.Hot-cast filler is closed for zinc-copper Gold, the weight/mass percentage composition of zinc is (98 ± 0.2) % in pltine, and the weight/mass percentage composition of copper is (2 ± 0.2) %.Configuration The zinc ingot metal of pltine meets the regulation of GB/T 470；Copper ingot meets the regulation of GB/T 467.
After filling anchor, carry out tension test, draw draft F, then stainless steel wire and cast material (hot-cast filler) it Between unit area adhesive forceResult of the test is shown in Table 7.From table, the bridge pull sling stainless steel of embodiment 2 Unit area adhesive force ν >=6MPa between silk GQS-2 and hot-cast filler, this value is significantly smaller than it of zinc-coated wire and hot-cast filler Between unit area adhesive force ν=25MPa.The application in anchorage design, carry out anchorage length by hot-cast filler ν=6MPa based on Calculate.
Table 7, hot-cast filler adhesive strength
Bond length (mm) 55 80 95
Draft (kN) 6.79 10.26 10.13
Adhesive strength (MPa) 7.145 7.422 6.171
According to above-mentioned result of the test, with reference to Fig. 3, anchorage length L=300mm, intensity of steel wire σb=1250MPa, calculates To the least anchorage length L that steel wire is not pulled out under Breaking load effectminFor：
Anchor cup anchorage length L is more than Lmin, meet design requirement.
3rd, anchorage manufacturing process
Anchorage is the important Force transmission partses of stainless steel cable, and its quality and performance are directly connected to the reliability of whole stayed structure Property.Anchorage fabrication processing is：The inspection of raw and process materials → forging → roughing → heat treatment → ultrasonic examination → finishing → Magnetic powder inspection → inspection → storage.
(1) inspection of raw and process materials
The application is using stainless steel as anchorage material, therefore manufacture anchor cup, the chemical composition of nut material and mechanical property Can, it is necessary to meet GB/T1220-2007《Stainless steel bar》Regulation.
(2) forge
Forging must be performed according to anchorage specification in strict accordance with forging technology card, when must control blank heating-up temperature, insulation Between, forging initial temperature, final temperature, forging ratio, forging times etc., it is ensured that forging quality.
(3) roughing
Should be finishing and leave surplus.
(4) ultrasonic examination
Must be processed through ultrasonic examination after material roughing, it has been determined that it is internal with the presence or absence of defect.Ultrasonic examination should Reach GB/T 4162-2008《Forging rolling rod iron ultrasonic detection method》(GB/T 4162-2008, forging rolling rod iron surpasses B grades of regulation Sound wave detecting method [S] Beijing:China Standards Press, 2008), side is qualified.
(5) it is heat-treated
Difference according to stainless steel selects suitable Technology for Heating Processing, to improve the mechanical property of material.Martensite Stainless steel uses modifier treatment, and its case hardness should meet design and standard requirement.
(6) finish
1. anchor cup and nut size should meet design requirement after finishing；
2. imperfect thread removal 1/4 is enclosed, and acute angle is blunt；
3. anchorage specifications and models and product serial number are stamped in anchor cup, nut end；
4. specification of the same race has interchangeability.
(7) magnetic powder inspection
Anchorage should carry out magnetic powder inspection treatment after finishing, to determine that its surface whether there is defect.Magnetic powder inspection should reach To JB/T4730.4-2005<<Bearing device Non-Destructive Testing>>(JB/T4730.4-2005, bearing device is lossless for II grade of regulation Detection [S] Beijing:China Machine Press, 2005), side is qualified.
(8) check
Tested by relevant criterion, specification and design requirement, can be put in storage after the assay was approved, and it is qualified to provide product Card.
(9) be put in storage
Anchorage storage must be stored in appointed place, is identified in full position, guards against damp, keeps drying.
4th, the bridge preparation method of hot-cast anchor cable (also known as bridge life-cycle rope)
Bridge hot-cast anchor cable is made with stainless steel steel wire GQS-2 using the bridge pull sling of embodiment 2, specific method is such as Under：
4.1 make drag-line
Drag-line is left with one heart by stainless steel tow (being made up of the bridge pull sling stainless steel wire GQS-2 of 223 embodiments 2) Formed to slight twisting, outermost layer of steel wire twist angle is 2-4 °.Stainless steel tow section is in regular hexagon.Steel wire row in drag-line Row are neat, and twisting is uniform, misplaced without intersecting.The outer dextrorotation winding fiber reinforced polyester band of stainless steel tow, often encloses the lap of splice not Less than the 1/3 of bandwidth, it is wrapped with neat densification, without breakage, without gaps and omissions.Stainless steel wire Suo Shu should keep suitable in its natural state Directly, there should not be spirality crimping.Specific method is as follows：
(1) steel wire puts silk
A. according to experiment drag-line it is long, and consider it is various make amendment after, determine the thick cutting length of stainless steel steel wire；
B. stainless steel steel wire carries out electric traction blanking by trailer wagon, and the steel wire after thick blanking is placed in into fiber-arranging device On.
(2) twisting
A. hauling speed, twisting rotating speed and strip winding machine rotating speed are determined；
B. hauling machine, strander and high-strength polyester band strip winding machine are started；
C. the concentric left-hand of steel tendon is stranded forms, and outermost layer steel wire stranding angle is strict controlled in 3 ± 0.5 °
(3) high-strength polyester fibers band is wound
Dextrad is wrapped band, and twining package tape individual layer overlapping width is controlled in 1/ not less than bandwidth respectively according to drag-line specification 3, and the overlap number of plies is not more than 4 layers.
(4) stay cable end sizing
In view of stainless steel wire digging line without extrusion process, to prevent drag-line in transport process, stay cable end deformation dissipates Open or play, facilitate wire blanking, stay cable end is shaped using calibrator.
4.2 make bridge hot-cast anchor cable
(1) smart blanking
According to Cable length, stainless steel steel wire essence cutting length is calculated, carry out accurate blanking.
(2) heading (hot casting anchor) is worn
A. calibrator is moved, is reserved and is worn a heading length, and the section band that is wrapped is divested；
B. anchorage and its accessory are put on successively at the two ends of drag-line, note fixing end, stretching end hot-cast anchorage put it is suitable Sequence；
C. stainless steel steel wire is cleaned by root；
D. steel wire end uses hydraulic pressure cold-heading.Heading diameter is highly not less than not less than 1.5 times of stainless steel steel wire diameter Stainless steel steel wire diameter, capitiform is regular；The longitudinal crack of 0.1mm is allowed, transversal crack is not allow for；Must not be cut below heading Weak section.Button head machine should at any time note adjustment.A collection of heading is often operated, routine inspection button head machine is answered once.Ensure heading quality.
(3) anchor is filled
A. the preparation of hot-cast casting material is carried out by regulation proportioning
Hot-cast filler is pltine, and the weight/mass percentage composition of zinc is (98 ± 0.2) %, the quality hundred of copper in pltine Content is divided to be (2 ± 0.2) %.The zinc ingot metal for configuring pltine meets the regulation of GB/T 470；Copper ingot meets the rule of GB/T467 It is fixed.
B. anchorage is in place, and preheating anchor cup is to 150 DEG C.
C. after after the arrival of anchorage temperature, electromagnetic shaker is installed, irrigates hot-cast filler, being tried one's best when filling anchor makes drag-line keep vertical, Pltine cast temperature should be controlled in the range of (460 ± 10) DEG C.Perfusion backstay should be controlled with the perpendicularity of anchorage end face At 90 ° ± 0.5 °.
D., centering ring is installed, end cap is screwed, it is ensured that is closed between drag-line and anchorage, waterproof is penetrated into, and obtains hot-cast anchor cable.
F. it is heating and curing, solidifying one group of three sample with stove is used to check filling anchor quality, hot-cast body intensity at normal temperatures should Reach 147Mpa.Test the value of result by《Cable-stayed bridge hot extruded polyethylene high tensile steel wire drag-line technical conditions》(GB/T18365- 2001) (GB/T18365-2001, cable-stayed bridge hot extruded polyethylene high tensile steel wire drag-line technical conditions [S] Beijing:Chinese Industrial Standards (CIS) is published Society, 2001) regulation.
5th, the bridge performance of hot-cast anchor cable
(1) ultra stretching
A. according to rope needs long, connector, frock etc. are determined, and drag-line is installed in place.
B. three points for being mutually 120 ° are taken in anchorage hot-cast body surface face, its depth away from anchor cup end face is surveyed with vernier depth gauge Degree, performs record and marks.
C. anchorage quality is ensured, every hot-cast anchor cable suspension cable in a pre-installation, should design Suo Li and be surpassed with 1.2-1.4 times Stretching force anchorage experiment.1.4 times are taken when i.e. design Suo Li is less than or equal to 3000kN, design Suo Li is less than more than 3000kN During 6000kN, 1.3 times are taken, when design Suo Li is more than 6000kN, take 1.2 times.Ultra stretching power allows to adjust to immediate 50kN Integral multiple on, typically point Pyatyi loading.After hot-cast anchor cable ultra stretching, nut and anchor cup are screwed normally.
(2) elastic modelling quantity detection
The elastic modelling quantity of finished product stainless steel wire rope is typically no less than 1.60 × 105MPa。
Test method：0.2Pb is offloaded to after the completion of ultra stretching, lotus 5min, then multistage loadings are held, every grade of loading 0.1Pb holds Lotus 5min, until 0.5Pb, the rope change long in the range of measurement gauge length.Load and rope change curve long are obtained, bridge heat is obtained Cast the macroscopic elastic modulus of anchor cable.Result shows that the elastic modelling quantity of bridge hot-cast anchor cable of the present invention is 1.65 × 105MPa。
(3) static behavior experiment
The stainless steel wire drift of static test rope is not less than 3m.
Test method：By 0.1Pb, every grade of 0.1Pb holds lotus 5min, and loading speed is not more than 100MPa/min；Step by step 0.6Pb is loaded onto, 0.1Pb is offloaded to after holding lotus 10min.Then by 0.1Pb, every grade of 0.1Pb, measurement is every after holding lotus 5min Level rope change long, until 0.95Pb.Static load is disrumpent feelings, and Suo Li should be not less than 0.95Pb.Result shows bridge hot-cast anchor cable of the present invention The disrumpent feelings Suo Li of static load be 1.05Pb.
(4) fatigue test
Permission makees simulated test with the test cable compared with small dimension.Test cable stainless steel wire drift is not less than 3m, steel wire 20% of radical no less than finished product stainless steel wire rope radical.
Test method：First plus the static load and being held of 1.2 times of design load unload after lotus 10min.Then loaded with pulse, make steel Up to 0.4 σ b, up to 0.28 σ b, after the loading of 2,000,000 subpulses, the steel wire broken wires of test cable are not more than always lower limit the silk stress upper limit Several 5% is as qualified.Occur if any fracture of wire, fracture of wire position, radical and step-by-step counting at that time should be recorded.Result shows, tired After labor experiment, anchor cup and nut are screwed normally, and bridge hot-cast anchor cable of the present invention does not find fracture of wire.
(5) pack and play disk
Drag-line after ultra stretching must be packed, and prevent from causing cable body and anchorage in drag-line handling process damage.Bag Install after finishing, carry out playing disk by technological requirement.Beat disk it is complete after, by drag-line be hoisted to appointed place stack.By-product is closed when dispatching from the factory Lattice are demonstrate,proved and drag-line inspection certificate prescribed paper.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of drag-line, the drag-line is formed by stainless steel steel wire set, it is characterised in that：The stainless steel steel wire, with quality Percentages, contain following compositions：
C：≤ 0.12%；
Si：≤ 1.00%；
Mn：14.0-19.0%；
P≤0.06%；
S≤0.01%；
Cr：18.0-22.0%；
Ni：1.0-2.0%；
N：0.45-0.65%；
Balance of iron and inevitable impurity；
The stainless steel steel wire is prepared according to the method for comprising the following steps：
A, smelting steel billet；
B, heating steel billet；
C, billet rolling, obtain steel wire rod；
D, spinning；
E, cooling；
F, heat treatment；
G, pickling, obtain steel wire rod after pickling；
H, cold-drawn, obtain stainless steel steel wire；
In the C, a diameter of 6.5mm of steel wire rod；The stainless steel gauge of wire is 5.7mm；
In the H, the cold-drawn is that steel wire rod after the pickling is carried out into the stainless steel that a time cold-drawn obtains a diameter of 5.7mm Steel wire.
2. drag-line according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the F, heat treatment temperature is 1000 DEG C, during heat treatment Between be 1.5 hours.
3. drag-line according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：In the B, billet heating temperature is 1260 DEG C, steel billet Heat time is 3.5 hours.
4. drag-line according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：The stainless steel steel wire, by percentage to the quality, contains There are following compositions：C：0.10%, Si：0.30%, Mn：14.45%, P：0.035%, S：0.006%, Cr：18.30%, Ni： 1.10%, N：0.5%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
5. drag-line according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：
The smelting steel billet includes：
(1) electric furnace smelting：Add electric furnace to be smelted in steel scrap and nickel and alloy, treat in electric furnace crude steel Hydrochemical Composition reach as Subscript is tapped on time, obtains just steel-making water：The weight/mass percentage composition of C is 1.30-1.80%, and the weight/mass percentage composition of Mn is 8.5- The weight/mass percentage composition of 12.5%, P quality of the weight/mass percentage composition less than or equal to 0.028%, S less than or equal to 0.025%, Cr Percentage composition is 17.0-22.0%, and the weight/mass percentage composition of Ni is 1.0-2.0%；
(2) argon oxygen decarburizing furnace refining：To it is described just steel-making water first carry out heat of oxidation smelting, after carry out reduction period smelting, after reduction Adding slag former carries out slag making, and adds fine setting composition to be tapped after being finely adjusted to target component, obtains refined molten steel；Wherein, Heat of oxidation smelting is blown into mixed gas, and the mixed gas are by N2And O2According to (2-4):1 volume ratio composition；Reduction period is smelted Middle whole nitrogen blowing is smelted；
(3) steel billet is cast using continuous casting working procedure, obtains steel billet；
In (1), alloy is ferrochrome and ferromanganese.
6. drag-line according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：The pickling is carried out with nitration mixture, and the nitration mixture is by nitre Acid, hydrofluoric acid and water are according to 4:4:The solution of 92 volume ratio composition.
7. a kind of bridge hot-cast anchor cable, including：Drag-line (4) for bearing pulling force, drag-line (4) is by the set of stainless steel steel wire Into；
Hot-cast anchorage for transmitting the Suo Li of drag-line (4), the hot-cast anchorage is anchored at the end of the drag-line (4)；
It is characterized in that：Drag-line of the drag-line described in any one in claim 1-6.
8. bridge according to claim 7 hot-cast anchor cable, it is characterised in that：The hot-cast anchorage is stretching end hot casting anchor Tool and/or fixed hot-cast end anchorage.
9. the hot-cast anchor cable of the bridge according to claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that：The hot-cast anchorage includes hot casting anchor Cup, hot-cast filler is filled with the hot casting anchor cup, and the length that the end of the drag-line (4) anchors in the hot-cast anchorage is lsae, the lsaeMeet following condition：
l s a e &GreaterEqual; &sigma; b 4 v d w m m
In formula, dwIt is the stainless steel gauge of wire, is 5.7mm；
lsaeIt is anchorage length, unit is mm；
σbIt is tensile strength of wire, unit is MPa；
ν is adhesive force of the single stainless steel steel wire with the hot-cast filler in unit area, and unit is MPa.
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