CN105837189A - Corundum-composite steel ladle inner wall safety permanent material layer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Corundum-composite steel ladle inner wall safety permanent material layer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105837189A CN105837189A CN201610174556.1A CN201610174556A CN105837189A CN 105837189 A CN105837189 A CN 105837189A CN 201610174556 A CN201610174556 A CN 201610174556A CN 105837189 A CN105837189 A CN 105837189A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/101—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/02—Linings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
- C04B2235/3218—Aluminium (oxy)hydroxides, e.g. boehmite, gibbsite, alumina sol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
- C04B2235/3222—Aluminates other than alumino-silicates, e.g. spinel (MgAl2O4)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a corundum-composite steel ladle inner wall safety permanent material layer and a preparation method thereof. The material layer is formed by compositely pouring a common aluminum-magnesium castable and a corundum self-flow castable, wherein the corundum self-flow castable is composed of, by weight, 10-15 parts of white corundum being 5-8 mm, 8-12 parts of white corundum being 3-5 mm, 13-18 parts of white corundum of 1-3 mm, 7-10 parts of white corundum being 325 in meshes, 8-12 parts of white corundum being 200 in meshes, 5-10 parts of electric smelting spinel being 325 in meshes, 4-8 parts of [alpha]-Al2O3, 5-8 parts of aluminum sol, 0.05-0.15 parts of anti-explosion fibers, and 0.2-0.5 parts of a high-effective water reducer. The material has strong anti-erosion property. Without change on effective volume of a steel ladle, the original permanent layer is constructed into two parts, wherein one part combined with a steel shell is constructed with the aluminum-magnesium castable while the other half being closed to a ladle wall work layer is constructed with the corundum self-flow castable, so that usage limitation of the work layer material is reached as most as possible. The material layer increases service life of the steel ladle, reduces refractory consumption of ton of steel and has significant economic benefit.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the ladle that a kind of continuous casting of iron and steel field of metallurgy is used, particularly relate to a kind of corundum compound type ladle inner wall safety permanent material layer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology:
The permanent ladle layer material currently used is mostly low cement high alumina castable, light thermal-insulation castable or alumina-magnesia castable, due to material, can only play insulation and primary protective action.When containment wall working lining uses residue 1/3rd (about 50～80mm), consider from a safety viewpoint, working lining is necessary for removing completely again building by laying bricks or stones, not only cause the waste of material, improve the cost of enterprise, bag situation occurs wearing when still having certain position weakness exception of individual work layer, lives and properties accident occurs.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of easy enforcement, the service life that can be effectively improved steel ladle working layer and the corundum compound type ladle inner wall safety permanent material layer reducing ton steel refractory consumption and preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of corundum compound type ladle inner wall safety permanent material layer, common alumina-magnesia castable and corundum gravity flow pouring material composite casting is used to form, described corundum gravity flow pouring material is made up of materials described below by weight: 8-5mm white fused alumina 10-15 part, 5-3mm white fused alumina 8-12 part, 3-1mm white fused alumina 13-18 part, 325 whitish eye corundum 7-10 parts, 200 whitish eye corundum 8-12 parts, 325 mesh electric smelting spinelle 5-10 parts ,-AL2O34-8 part, Alumina gel 5-8 part, explosion-proof fiber 0.05-0.15 part, high efficiency water reducing agent 0.2-0.5 part.
Described material consists of: described corundum gravity flow pouring material is made up of materials described below by weight: 8-5mm white fused alumina 12 parts, 5-3mm white fused alumina 10 parts, 3-1mm white fused alumina 15 parts, 325 8 parts of whitish eye corundum, 200 10 parts of whitish eye corundum, 325 7 parts of mesh electric smelting spinelles ,-AL2O35 parts, Alumina gel 6 parts, explosion-proof fiber 0.10 part, high efficiency water reducing agent 0.3 part.
Or, described material consists of: described corundum gravity flow pouring material is made up of materials described below by weight: 8-5mm white fused alumina 14 parts, 5-3mm white fused alumina 11 parts, 3-1mm white fused alumina 17 parts, 325 9 parts of whitish eye corundum, 200 11 parts of whitish eye corundum, 325 8 parts of mesh electric smelting spinelles ,-AL2O37 parts, Alumina gel 7 parts, explosion-proof fiber 0.12 part, high efficiency water reducing agent 0.4 part.
The preparation method of a kind of described corundum compound type ladle inner wall safety permanent material layer, comprises the following steps:
A, first ladle housing is hung in build working position by laying bricks or stones, are cleaned out by the foreign material at the bag end and containment wall, then air brick model and pocket block model are respectively put into ventilating seat brick and pocket block position；
B, by common alumina-magnesia castable addition kolleroang 4-8 clock is dry mixed, after mix homogeneously, the tap water of additional gross weight 5.0-6.0 part, rewetting mixes 5-6 minute, blend together mobility preferable pureed compound, this compound is poured at the bottom of the bag of ladle in batches, carry slurry with vibrating head vibration, make it shakeout, closely knit, constitute bag end permanent layer；
C, with hairbrush butter is applied to permanent layer fetal membrane outer surface, bag end permanent layer ties natural curing 24 hours, take out when making permanent layer at the bottom of bag have a some strength, again by air brick model and pocket block model, then the fetal membrane driving coating oil is hung in ladle housing adjust, location；
D, by common alumina-magnesia castable addition kolleroang 4-8 clock is dry mixed, after mix homogeneously, the tap water of additional gross weight 5.0-6.0 part, rewetting mixes 5-6 minute, blend together mobility preferable pureed compound, this compound is poured in the cavity of fetal membrane and housing composition, open the power supply of mould internal vibration device simultaneously, until being poured, the rapping time is determined according to ambient temperature and amount of water, guaranteeing the energy demoulding smoothly in 48 hours of fetal membrane curing time, demoulding natural curing 36 hours, ground floor permanent layer makes and terminates；
E, gained ladle in Step d is toasted, obtain the permanent liner body of compound ground floor；
F, repeat the step of above a to e, and common alumina-magnesia castable is replaced by described corundum gravity flow pouring material, obtain complete corundum compound type ladle inner wall safety permanent material layer.
In step d during cast, after material is finished in blender hopper, carry out the stirring of the second bucket immediately, until being poured, rapping number of times 2 to 3 times.
Toast described in step d and include little fire 100-200 ° successively 24 hours, little moderate heat 200-400 ° 24 hours, moderate heat 400-600 ° 18 hours, 600-800 ° of big fire 8 hours, accumulative 74 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention has the strongest corrosion resistance, cement is not used due to coupling system, employing Alumina gel combines, therefore thermal shock resistance is significantly improved, and in structure on the premise of not changing original ladle dischargeable capacity, two parts are divided to construct original permanent layer, common alumina-magnesia castable is used with box hat binding site, corundum gravity flow pouring material is used near containment wall working lining two/part, working layer is allowed to use the limit as far as possible, improving ladle use and wrap age, reduce ton steel refractory consumption, economic benefit is obvious.
2, the present invention is by the α-Al containing active component2O3The magnesia powder formation that substrate runs into purity high when baking has fibrous spinel crystal phase, drastically increases abrasion resistance.
3, the present invention easily implements, can be effectively improved the service life of steel ladle working layer and reduces ton steel refractory consumption, and it is applied widely, has good economic benefit after popularization.
Detailed description of the invention:
Embodiment one: corundum compound type ladle inner wall safety permanent material layer uses common alumina-magnesia castable and corundum gravity flow pouring material composite casting to form, wherein: corundum gravity flow pouring material is made up of materials described below by weight: 8-5mm white fused alumina 10 parts, 5-3mm white fused alumina 8 parts, 3-1mm white fused alumina 13 parts, 325 7 parts of whitish eye corundum, 200 8 parts of whitish eye corundum, 325 5 parts of mesh electric smelting spinelles ,-AL2O34 parts, Alumina gel 5 parts, explosion-proof fiber 0.05 part, high efficiency water reducing agent 0.2 part.
The preparation method of corundum compound type ladle inner wall safety permanent material layer, comprises the following steps:
A, first ladle housing is hung in build working position by laying bricks or stones, are cleaned out by the foreign material at the bag end and containment wall, then air brick model and pocket block model are respectively put into ventilating seat brick and pocket block position；
B, by common alumina-magnesia castable addition kolleroang 4-8 clock is dry mixed, after mix homogeneously, the tap water of additional gross weight 5.0-6.0 part, rewetting mixes 5-6 minute, blend together mobility preferable pureed compound, this compound is poured at the bottom of the bag of ladle in batches, carry slurry with vibrating head vibration, make it shakeout, closely knit, constitute bag end permanent layer；
C, with hairbrush butter is applied to permanent layer fetal membrane outer surface, bag end permanent layer ties natural curing 24 hours, take out when making permanent layer at the bottom of bag have a some strength, again by air brick model and pocket block model, then the fetal membrane driving coating oil is hung in ladle housing adjust, location；
D, by common alumina-magnesia castable addition kolleroang 4-8 clock is dry mixed, after mix homogeneously, the tap water of additional gross weight 5.0-6.0 part, rewetting mixes 5-6 minute, blend together mobility preferable pureed compound, this compound is poured in the cavity of fetal membrane and housing composition, open the power supply of mould internal vibration device simultaneously, until being poured, the rapping time is determined according to ambient temperature and amount of water, guaranteeing the energy demoulding smoothly in 48 hours of fetal membrane curing time, demoulding natural curing 36 hours, ground floor permanent layer makes and terminates；
E, gained permanent ladle layer in Step d is toasted, obtain the permanent liner body of compound ground floor；
F, repeat the step of above a to e, and common alumina-magnesia castable is replaced by corundum gravity flow pouring material, obtain complete corundum compound type ladle inner wall safety permanent material layer.
Preferred version: in step d during cast, after material is finished in blender hopper, carry out the stirring of the second bucket immediately, until being poured, rapping number of times 2 to 3 times.
Toast described in step d and include little fire 100-200 ° successively 24 hours, little moderate heat 200-400 ° 24 hours, moderate heat 400-600 ° 18 hours, 600-800 ° of big fire 8 hours, accumulative 74 hours.
The present invention is not on the premise of changing original ladle dischargeable capacity, two parts are divided to construct original permanent layer, common alumina-magnesia castable is used with box hat binding site, corundum gravity flow pouring material is used near containment wall working lining two/part, working layer is allowed to use the limit as far as possible, improving ladle use and wrap age, reduce ton steel refractory consumption, economic benefit is obvious.
Embodiment two: the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one, something in common does not repeats, difference is: corundum gravity flow pouring material is made up of materials described below by weight: 8-5mm white fused alumina 15 parts, 5-3mm white fused alumina 12 parts, 3-1mm white fused alumina 18 parts, 325 10 parts of whitish eye corundum, 200 12 parts of whitish eye corundum, 325 10 parts of mesh electric smelting spinelles ,-AL2O38 parts, Alumina gel 8 parts, explosion-proof fiber 0.15 part, high efficiency water reducing agent 0.5 part.
Embodiment three: the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one, something in common does not repeats, difference is: corundum gravity flow pouring material is made up of materials described below by weight: 8-5mm white fused alumina 12 parts, 5-3mm white fused alumina 10 parts, 3-1mm white fused alumina 15 parts, 325 8 parts of whitish eye corundum, 200 10 parts of whitish eye corundum, 325 7 parts of mesh electric smelting spinelles ,-AL2O35 parts, Alumina gel 6 parts, explosion-proof fiber 0.10 part, high efficiency water reducing agent 0.3 part.
Embodiment four: the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one, something in common does not repeats, difference is: corundum gravity flow pouring material is made up of materials described below by weight: 8-5mm white fused alumina 14 parts, 5-3mm white fused alumina 11 parts, 3-1mm white fused alumina 17 parts, 325 9 parts of whitish eye corundum, 200 11 parts of whitish eye corundum, 325 8 parts of mesh electric smelting spinelles ,-AL2O37 parts, Alumina gel 7 parts, explosion-proof fiber 0.12 part, high efficiency water reducing agent 0.4 part.
The above, it it is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not the present invention is made any pro forma restriction, every any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification made above example according to the technical spirit of the present invention, all still falls within the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a corundum compound type ladle inner wall safety permanent material layer, common alumina-magnesia castable and corundum gravity flow pouring material composite casting is used to form, it is characterized in that: described corundum gravity flow pouring material is made up of materials described below by weight: 8-5mm white fused alumina 10-15 part, 5-3mm white fused alumina 8-12 part, 3-1mm white fused alumina 13-18 part, 325 whitish eye corundum 7-10 parts, 200 whitish eye corundum 8-12 parts, 325 mesh electric smelting spinelle 5-10 parts ,-AL2O34-8 part, Alumina gel 5-8 part, explosion-proof fiber 0.05-0.15 part, high efficiency water reducing agent 0.2-0.5 part.
Corundum compound type ladle inner wall the most according to claim 1 safety permanent material layer, it is characterized in that: described material consists of: described corundum gravity flow pouring material is made up of materials described below by weight: 8-5mm white fused alumina 12 parts, 5-3mm white fused alumina 10 parts, 3-1mm white fused alumina 15 parts, 325 8 parts of whitish eye corundum, 200 10 parts of whitish eye corundum, 325 7 parts of mesh electric smelting spinelles ,-AL2O35 parts, Alumina gel 6 parts, explosion-proof fiber 0.10 part, high efficiency water reducing agent 0.3 part.
Corundum compound type ladle inner wall the most according to claim 1 safety permanent material layer, it is characterized in that: described material consists of: described corundum gravity flow pouring material is made up of materials described below by weight: 8-5mm white fused alumina 14 parts, 5-3mm white fused alumina 11 parts, 3-1mm white fused alumina 17 parts, 325 9 parts of whitish eye corundum, 200 11 parts of whitish eye corundum, 325 8 parts of mesh electric smelting spinelles ,-AL2O37 parts, Alumina gel 7 parts, explosion-proof fiber 0.12 part, high efficiency water reducing agent 0.4 part.
4. a preparation method for the corundum compound type ladle inner wall safety permanent material layer described in any one of claim 1-3, comprises the following steps:
A, first ladle housing is hung in build working position by laying bricks or stones, are cleaned out by the foreign material at the bag end and containment wall, then air brick model and pocket block model are respectively put into ventilating seat brick and pocket block position；
B, by common alumina-magnesia castable addition kolleroang 4-8 clock is dry mixed, after mix homogeneously, the tap water of additional gross weight 5.0-6.0 part, rewetting mixes 5-6 minute, blend together mobility preferable pureed compound, this compound is poured at the bottom of the bag of ladle in batches, carry slurry with vibrating head vibration, make it shakeout, closely knit, constitute bag end permanent layer；
C, with hairbrush butter is applied to permanent layer fetal membrane outer surface, bag end permanent layer ties natural curing 24 hours, take out when making permanent layer at the bottom of bag have a some strength, again by air brick model and pocket block model, then the fetal membrane driving coating oil is hung in ladle housing adjust, location；
D, by common alumina-magnesia castable addition kolleroang 4-8 clock is dry mixed, after mix homogeneously, the tap water of additional gross weight 5.0-6.0 part, rewetting mixes 5-6 minute, blend together mobility preferable pureed compound, this compound is poured in the cavity of fetal membrane and housing composition, open the power supply of mould internal vibration device simultaneously, until being poured, the rapping time is determined according to ambient temperature and amount of water, guaranteeing the energy demoulding smoothly in 48 hours of fetal membrane curing time, demoulding natural curing 36 hours, ground floor permanent layer makes and terminates；
E, gained ladle in Step d is toasted, obtain the permanent liner body of compound ground floor；
F, repeat the step of above a to e, and common alumina-magnesia castable is replaced by described corundum gravity flow pouring material, obtain complete corundum compound type ladle inner wall safety permanent material layer.
The preparation method of corundum compound type ladle inner wall the most according to claim 4 safety permanent material layer, is characterized in that: in step d during cast, after material is finished in blender hopper, carry out the stirring of the second bucket immediately, until being poured, and rapping number of times 2 to 3 times.
The preparation method of corundum compound type ladle inner wall the most according to claim 4 safety permanent material layer, it is characterized in that: toast described in step d include successively little fire 100-200 ° 24 hours, little moderate heat 200-400 ° 24 hours, moderate heat 400-600 ° 18 hours, 600-800 ° of big fire 8 hours, accumulative 74 hours.
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| CN201610174556.1A CN105837189B (en) | 2016-03-25 | 2016-03-25 | Safety permanent material layer of corundum compound type ladle inner wall and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106631052A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-05-10 | 北京利尔高温材料股份有限公司 | Micropowder castable for working layer of ladle bottom impact zone |
| CN108044090A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-05-18 | 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 | A kind of method for constructing bottom of steel ladle |
| CN108947501A (en) * | 2018-09-08 | 2018-12-07 | 洛阳科创新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of long-life pocket block |
| CN115213390A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-10-21 | 武汉钢铁集团耐火材料有限责任公司 | Construction method for reinforced steel ladle lining |
| CN115555554A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-01-03 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Steel ladle bottom seepage-proofing steel pouring method |
| CN116375456A (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2023-07-04 | 北京瑞普同创科技发展有限公司 | Pouring material for tundish cover |
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| JPH05213681A (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-08-24 | Kawata Mfg Co Ltd | Fiber reinforced honeycomb ceramic body and its production |
| CN103803996A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2014-05-21 | 山国强 | Large blast furnace main iron runner castable |
| CN104478453A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-01 | 巩义市红旗炉料有限公司 | Prefabricated continuous casting medium package flow returner and preparation method thereof |
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| JPH05213681A (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-08-24 | Kawata Mfg Co Ltd | Fiber reinforced honeycomb ceramic body and its production |
| CN103803996A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2014-05-21 | 山国强 | Large blast furnace main iron runner castable |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106631052A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-05-10 | 北京利尔高温材料股份有限公司 | Micropowder castable for working layer of ladle bottom impact zone |
| CN108044090A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-05-18 | 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 | A kind of method for constructing bottom of steel ladle |
| CN108947501A (en) * | 2018-09-08 | 2018-12-07 | 洛阳科创新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of long-life pocket block |
| CN115213390A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-10-21 | 武汉钢铁集团耐火材料有限责任公司 | Construction method for reinforced steel ladle lining |
| CN115213390B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-06-23 | 武汉钢铁集团耐火材料有限责任公司 | Reinforced steel ladle lining construction method |
| CN115555554A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-01-03 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Steel ladle bottom seepage-proofing steel pouring method |
| CN115555554B (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2024-09-20 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Steel ladle bottom anti-seepage steel pouring method |
| CN116375456A (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2023-07-04 | 北京瑞普同创科技发展有限公司 | Pouring material for tundish cover |
| CN116375456B (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2024-03-29 | 北京瑞普同创科技发展有限公司 | Pouring material for tundish cover |
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| CN105837189B (en) | 2018-10-23 |
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