CN105835237B - A kind of electroplated diamond bit and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of electroplated diamond bit and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105835237B CN105835237B CN201610288086.1A CN201610288086A CN105835237B CN 105835237 B CN105835237 B CN 105835237B CN 201610288086 A CN201610288086 A CN 201610288086A CN 105835237 B CN105835237 B CN 105835237B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
- B28D1/14—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by boring or drilling
- B28D1/146—Tools therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/562—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of iron or nickel or cobalt
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electroplated diamond bit and preparation method thereof, which is 0.4~0.6mm, and work layer height is 2.6~3.2mm, and diamond grit is 50/60~70/80 mesh, and concentration is 160~200%；Its preparation method is using bit matrix as electroplating cathode, and metal plate is as galvanic anode, secondly, cobaltous sulfate, nickel sulfate and sodium chloride are added into electroplating bath, is configured to electroplate liquid, finally, temperature, pH value and the current density for adjusting electroplate liquid, are made required electroplated diamond bit.Advantage is that not only surface is careful, the impurity that contains is few for the diamond bit of preparation, and it improves processing efficiency and processing quality when processing silicon carbide ceramics using it with high-wearing feature and high working life；Meanwhile preparation method of the invention is simple, strong operability is high-efficient.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of drill more particularly to a kind of electroplated diamond bit and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Due to the development of science and technology, it is resistance to often require that material must have for the especially high development of the energy, space technology
The superior functions such as high temperature, anticorrosive, wear-resistant could use in harsher working environment.Silicon carbide ceramics is nearly two
More than ten years just start the new material of development, but since it is with particularly excellent high intensity, high hardness and corrosion resistance, heat-resisting quantity
Can, development and application have been obtained quickly, are widely used in petrochemical industry, metallurgical machinery, aerospace, microelectronics, automobile, steel etc.
Field, and increasingly show the incomparable advantage of other special cermacises.Therefore, it exhibits one's skill to the full in many fields, and
It is increasingly subject to the attention of people.For example, silicon carbide ceramics has been widely used as various corrosion-resistant use in petro chemical industry
Container and pipeline have been used successfully as various bearings, cutting tool and mechanical sealing parts in mechanical industry, in aerospace and
The most promising candidate material of the following manufacture gas turbine, rocket nozzle and engine components is also considered as in auto industry
Material.
With being widely used for silicon carbide ceramics, people require also higher and higher, biography to the processing quality of silicon carbide ceramics
The machining process of system has many advantages, such as that processing cost is low, equipment is simple, process is simple, especially to silicon carbide after molding
When ceramic product is assembled, live processing can be carried out, a lot of manpower and time are eliminated.Currently, for processing carbonization
Silicon ceramics mainly use sintered diamond drill bit, brazed diamond drill bit and electroplated diamond bit.Sintered diamond drill bit
Carcass and the rates of wear of both diamond abrasive grains be difficult to keep identity, easily there is drill bit passivation, slipping phenomenon, after processing
Silicon carbide ceramics surface quality it is poor, the diamond particles of brazed diamond drill bit go out sword height, and abrasion is very fast, tool itself
Service life is short, and electroplated diamond, due to having many advantages, such as that processing quality is good and life tools are long, use is wide, but due to
Silicon carbide ceramics hardness is high, and wearability is strong, using processing efficiency is low for the electroplated diamond bit of generality on the market at present, processing
Of poor quality, the working life of electroplated diamond bit itself is also shorter.
Therefore, the electroplated diamond bit and manufacture craft haveing excellent performance for silicon carbide ceramics development, have very heavy
The meaning wanted.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the first object of the present invention is to provide the plating of a kind of high rigidity, strong wearability and high processing efficiency
Diamond bit；The second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of the diamond bit.
Technical solution: electroplated diamond bit of the invention, wall thickness be 0.4~0.6mm, work layer height be 2.6~
3.2mm, diamond grit are 50/60~70/80 mesh, and diamond concentration is 160~200%.
Wall thickness and work layer height of the present invention by setting diamond bit, to improve its mechanical property in processing
Energy and stability；By setting the granularity and concentration of diamond, the processing performance and processing efficiency of drill bit are improved；Preferably,
The diamond bit wall thickness is 0.48~0.54mm, and work layer height is 2.8~3.0mm, and diamond concentration is 180~196%.
The method that the present invention prepares electroplated diamond bit includes the following steps: firstly, using bit matrix as plating
Cathode, metal plate, secondly, cobaltous sulfate, nickel sulfate and sodium chloride are added into electroplating bath, are configured to be electroplated as galvanic anode
Liquid, wherein in the electroplate liquid mass concentration of cobaltous sulfate be 22~29g/L, the mass concentration of nickel sulfate be 185~205g/L,
The mass concentration of sodium chloride be 11~17g/L, finally, adjust electroplate liquid temperature be 46~52 DEG C, pH value be 4.3~4.8 and
Current density is 3.2~3.7A/dm2, it is required according to production, empty plating first is carried out to matrix, so that diamond preferably adheres to,
Then carrying out sand plating is adhered to diamond tentatively on matrix, and carries out thickening plating, wraps up diamond further by coating,
Finally obtain required electroplated diamond bit.
The present invention uses nickel-cobalt electroplating solution, and passes through the concentration, plating solution for setting cobaltous sulfate, nickel sulfate and sodium chloride
Temperature, pH value and current density make carcass have good binding force to diamond, and enhance the mechanical property of carcass, make
Obtaining electroplated diamond bit has high-wearing feature, it is preferred that the mass concentration of cobaltous sulfate can be 24~27g/L, sulphur in electroplate liquid
The mass concentration of sour nickel can be able to be 13~16g/L for the mass concentration of 192~198g/L, sodium chloride, and metal plate uses metallic nickel
Plate, the temperature of electroplate liquid can be 48~51 DEG C, and pH value is 4.4~4.6 and current density is 3.4~3.6A/dm2。
The utility model has the advantages that compared with prior art, remarkable advantage of the invention are as follows: the electroplated diamond bit of preparation not only table
The impurity that face is careful, contains is few, and it is with high-wearing feature and high working life, when processing silicon carbide ceramics using it, improves
Processing efficiency and processing quality；Meanwhile preparation method of the invention is simple, strong operability is high-efficient.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the end wear figure of electroplated diamond bit prepared by embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the side wall wear map of electroplated diamond bit prepared by embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Diamond concentration uses 400% concentration system in the present invention, i.e., diamond body in coating when diamond concentration is 100%
Product concentration is 25%.
Embodiment 1
The wall thickness of the electroplated diamond bit of preparation is 0.4mm, and work layer height is 2.6mm, diamond grit 50/
60, diamond concentration 200%.
Production method: firstly, selecting suitable steel, being made satisfactory matrix, and carry out pre-treatment to matrix, main
To include three electrochemical deoiling, pickling and activation steps, remove the greasy dirt and iron rust on drilling bit steel body, be then set to electricity
Cathode is plated, cobaltous sulfate, nickel sulfate, sodium chloride are added in electroplating bath, is configured to electroplate liquid, the quality of cobaltous sulfate in the electroplate liquid
Concentration is 22g/L, the mass concentration of nickel sulfate is 185g/L, the mass concentration of sodium chloride is 11g/L, adjusts the temperature of electroplate liquid
It is 46 DEG C, boric acid is added, adjusting its pH value is 4.3, current density 3.2A/dm2, required according to production, first matrix carried out
Sky plating, so that diamond preferably adheres to, then carrying out sand plating is adhered to diamond tentatively on matrix, and is thickeied
Plating, wraps up diamond further by coating, finally obtains required electroplated diamond bit.
From figure 1 it appears that there is complete crystalline forms, micro- broken, the big face in part for the diamond of electroplated diamond bit
Long-pending and Integral-crushing and situations such as the cheating that fall off, belong to the normal wear phenomenon occurred in electroplated diamond bit process.
What plating diamond tool was difficult to observe diamond polishes state, this is because the wall thickness of electroplated diamond bit is relatively thin,
Under certain feed pressure, the load that the single diamond in end face is born is very big, and incision material is deeper, and cutting region cooling condition compared with
It is good, the oxidation and graphitization of diamond surface seldom occurs, it is seldom there is a situation where polishing blunt so as to cause diamond, and send out
The raw micro- broken situation in part is more, it can thus be appreciated that the processing performance of the electroplated diamond bit of preparation is excellent, can process hard
The silicon carbide ceramics that degree is high, wearability is strong；Further, since plating metal bonding agent is deeper to the embedding depth of diamond, Buddha's warrior attendant
Stone proud exposure is small, though drill bit side wall diamond is not subject to feeding load, more shock loading can be born, to cause side
Wall diamond occurs that micro- broken situation is more, as shown in Fig. 2, and these features are all just often occurring of occurring in process
As.Therefore, the processing performance of the electroplated diamond bit prepared known to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is excellent, the stomata that coating surface occurs
Number less, surfacing, and its processing quality and high in machining efficiency.
Embodiment 2
The wall thickness of electroplated diamond bit prepared by the present invention is 0.6mm, and work layer height is 3.2mm, diamond grit
It is 70/80, diamond concentration 160%.
Production method: firstly, selecting suitable steel, being made satisfactory matrix, and carry out pre-treatment to matrix, main
To include three electrochemical deoiling, pickling and activation steps, remove the greasy dirt and iron rust on drilling bit steel body, be then set to electricity
Cathode is plated, cobaltous sulfate, nickel sulfate, sodium chloride are added in electroplating bath, is configured to electroplate liquid, the quality of cobaltous sulfate in the electroplate liquid
Concentration is 29g/L, nickel sulfate mass concentration is 205g/L, the mass concentration of sodium chloride is 17g/L, and the temperature for adjusting electroplate liquid is
52 DEG C, boric acid is added, adjusting its pH value is 4.8, current density 3.7A/dm2, required, first matrix carried out empty according to production
Plating, so that diamond preferably adheres to, then carrying out sand plating is adhered to diamond tentatively on matrix, and is thickeied
Plating, wraps up diamond further by coating, finally obtains required electroplated diamond bit.
The impurity that electroplated diamond bit coating prepared by the present invention contains is few, and surface is careful, and wearability is strong, working life
It is long.
Embodiment 3
7 groups of parallel tests are designed, basic step is same as Example 1, the difference is that only the wall thickness of diamond, respectively
Diamond bit obtained is subjected to performance detection, the experimental result of acquisition is as shown in table 1.
The 1 diamond bit performance table of comparisons of table
As shown in Table 1, diamond bit wall thickness is different, obtained by the performance of electroplated diamond bit have differences.
The wall thickness set using the present invention, i.e. the stability of 0.4~0.6mm, electroplated diamond bit obtained are strong, and its processing quality
And working life significantly improves, wherein with wall thickness be 0.48~0.54mm made from electroplated diamond bit comprehensive performance most
It is good.This is because stability is poor when bit wall thickness is smaller, also will affect processing quality reduces it accordingly, working life
It is general shorter；But when bit wall thickness is larger, stability is easily reduced instead, and processing quality reduces, although wall thickness is larger to be had
Help extend working life, but due to the unstability of processing, working life still can be reduced accordingly.
Embodiment 4
7 groups of parallel tests are designed, basic step is same as Example 1, the difference is that only the working lining of diamond
Highly, diamond bit obtained is subjected to performance detection respectively, the experimental result of acquisition is as shown in table 2.
The 2 diamond bit performance table of comparisons of table
As shown in Table 2, the work layer height of diamond bit is different, and it is poor that the performance of electroplated diamond bit obtained exists
It is different.The work layer height set using the present invention, i.e. the stability of 2.6~3.2mm, electroplated diamond bit obtained are strong, and
Its processing quality and working life significantly improve, wherein being electroplated diamond bit made from 2.8~3.0mm with the layer height that works
Comprehensive performance it is best.This is because work layer height is lower, stability is preferable when bit operation, to the processing quality of workpiece
Can be accordingly preferable, but due to the abrasion of drill bit, its working life also can be accordingly smaller when the layer height that works is smaller；And working lining is high
When spending higher, the stability and processing quality of drill bit will be reduced, unstable due to processing although work layer height is higher
Property, the working life of drill bit can also reduce.
Embodiment 5
7 groups of parallel tests are designed, basic step is same as Example 1, the difference is that only the concentration of diamond, respectively
Diamond bit obtained is subjected to performance detection, the experimental result of acquisition is as shown in table 3.
The 3 diamond bit performance table of comparisons of table
As shown in Table 3, diamond concentration is different, and the performance of drill bit obtained has differences.The gold set using the present invention
Hard rock concentration, i.e., 160%~200%, the processing efficiency and processing quality of electroplated diamond bit obtained significantly improve, wherein
With diamond concentration be 180%~196% made from electroplated diamond bit comprehensive performance it is best.This is because lower gold
Hard rock concentration, the diamond particles that work is participated in when bit operation are less, and processing efficiency is lower, processing quality also can accordingly compared with
Difference；And when diamond concentration is higher, although the diamond particles for participating in work are more, the knot between diamond and matrix composition
Conjunction ability is weaker, and tyre body abrasion is too fast, will affect the processing efficiency and processing quality of drill bit instead.
Embodiment 6
7 groups of parallel tests are designed, basic step is same as Example 1, the difference is that only cobaltous sulfate in electroplate liquid
Mass concentration, carries out performance detection for diamond bit obtained respectively, and the experimental result of acquisition is as shown in table 4.
The 4 diamond bit performance table of comparisons of table
As shown in Table 4, the mass concentration of cobaltous sulfate is different in electroplate liquid, and the performance of electroplated diamond bit obtained exists
Difference.Using the mass concentration for the cobaltous sulfate that the present invention is set, i.e. 22~29g/L, the mechanics of electroplated diamond bit obtained
Performance is strong, and processing efficiency significantly improves, wherein being that electroplated diamond made from 24~27g/L bores with the mass concentration of cobaltous sulfate
The comprehensive performance of head is best.This is because the bending strength of carcass can be improved in amounts of cobalt, is conducive to enhance mechanical property, improve
Processing efficiency；And excessive cobalt is easily reduced the binding force with diamond, is unfavorable for the mechanical property of electroplated diamond bit instead
Energy and processing efficiency.
Embodiment 7
7 groups of parallel tests are designed, basic step is same as Example 1, the difference is that only nickel sulfate in electroplate liquid
Mass concentration, carries out performance detection for diamond bit obtained respectively, and the experimental result of acquisition is as shown in table 5.
The 5 diamond bit performance table of comparisons of table
As shown in Table 5, the mass concentration of nickel sulfate is different in electroplate liquid, and the performance of electroplated diamond bit obtained exists
Difference.Using the mass concentration for the nickel sulfate that the present invention is set, i.e. 185~205g/L, the power of electroplated diamond bit obtained
Performance is strong, and processing efficiency significantly improves, wherein being that Buddha's warrior attendant is electroplated made from 192~198g/L with the mass concentration of nickel sulfate
The comprehensive performance of aiguille is best.This is mainly due to the wearabilities that suitable nickel helps to improve carcass, and mechanical property is good, add
Work is high-efficient；And excessive nickel is easy the rate of wear for making the rate of wear of carcass be lower than diamond, prevents diamond from timely
Exposure, to influence the mechanical property and processing efficiency of drill bit.
Embodiment 8
7 groups of parallel tests are designed, basic step is same as Example 1, the difference is that only sodium chloride in electroplate liquid
Mass concentration, carries out performance detection for diamond bit obtained respectively, and the experimental result of acquisition is as shown in table 6.
The 6 diamond bit performance table of comparisons of table
As shown in Table 6, the mass concentration of sodium chloride is different in electroplate liquid, and the performance of electroplated diamond bit obtained exists
Difference.Using the mass concentration for the sodium chloride that the present invention is set, i.e. 11~17g/L, the mechanics of electroplated diamond bit obtained
Performance is strong, and processing efficiency significantly improves, wherein being that electroplated diamond made from 13~16g/L bores with the mass concentration of sodium chloride
The comprehensive performance of head is best.This is mainly due to suitable sodium chloride as anode activation agent, can prevent anodic passivity, make sun
Pole is normally dissolved in the plating process, while helping to improve the electric conductivity of electroplate liquid, is improved the ability of plating, is avoided plating leakage,
Mechanical property is good, high in machining efficiency；And excessive sodium chloride will affect the ability of plating instead, so that mechanical property is deteriorated, add
Work efficiency rate reduces.
Embodiment 9
7 groups of parallel tests are designed, basic step is same as Example 1, it the difference is that only that the temperature of electroplate liquid is different,
Diamond bit obtained is subjected to performance detection respectively, the experimental result of acquisition is as shown in table 7.
The 7 diamond bit performance table of comparisons of table
As shown in Table 7, by temperature of electroplating solution be adjusted to 46~52 DEG C obtained by electroplated diamond bit, plating can be reduced
The stomatal number and brittleness that layer surface occurs work the longevity to improve the mechanical property and stability of drill bit, and the production cycle is shorter
Life significantly improves, wherein with temperature of electroplating solution be 48~51 DEG C made from diamond bit comprehensive performance it is best, this is because
In electroplating engineering, although lower temperature enables to crystallization thinner, drill bit growth is smooth, the fabrication cycle of drill bit compared with
It is long；And higher temperature can be improved covering power, so that coating is careful smooth, the binding force of enhancing and steel body reduces chip off-falling
Probability, while can be improved the dissolubility of solute and the electric conductivity of plating solution, reduce the hydrogen content of coating, shorten the production of drill bit
Period, but temperature is excessively high also easily makes saline hydrolysis oxyhydroxide, so that coating is generated stomata, reduces the performance of drill bit.
Embodiment 10
7 groups of parallel tests are designed, basic step is same as Example 1, the difference is that only the pH value of tune electroplate liquid not
Together, diamond bit obtained is subjected to performance detection respectively, the experimental result of acquisition is as shown in table 8.
The 8 diamond bit performance table of comparisons of table
As shown in Table 8, the pH value in electroplate liquid is adjusted to 4.3~4.8, the impurity in coating can be reduced, make coating
Careful even curface is obtained, to improve the processing performance and stability of drill bit, increases its working life, wherein with pH value
Comprehensive performance for drill bit made from 4.4~4.6 is best, although this is because lower pH value can be avoided electroplated layer burns,
Electric conductivity is also preferable, additionally it is possible to reduce the occurrence rate of stomata on coating, but be easy to make low current area that plating leakage phenomenon occur；And it is higher
PH value be easy to produce hydroxide precipitating, being mixed in coating makes carcass embrittlement, so that the wearability of drill bit reduces, while easy
So that high current area coating such as burns at the bad phenomenons.
Embodiment 11
7 groups of parallel tests are designed, basic step is same as Example 1, it the difference is that only the current density of electroplate liquid,
Diamond bit obtained is subjected to performance detection respectively, the experimental result of acquisition is as shown in table 9.
The 9 diamond bit performance table of comparisons of table
As shown in Table 9, the current density in electroplate liquid is adjusted to 3.2~3.7A/dm2, can be improved the smooth of coating
Property and electroplating velocity, and so that diamond uniform is distributed in plated surface and coating and be firmly combined, to improve the mechanical property of drill bit
Energy and stability, increase its working life, wherein with current density for 3.4~3.6A/dm2Diamond bit obtained it is comprehensive
It is best to close performance, this is because current density and plating solution composition and concentration, temperature and pH value are closely related, although higher electric current
Density can be improved the planarization of coating and the speed of plating, and the production cycle is shorter, but easily burns coating, is coarse, with steel
The binding force of body is also weaker；Although and lower electric current can make diamond uniform be distributed in plated surface securely ties with coating
It closes, but lower current density easily makes Current Zone be difficult to plating, production efficiency is low.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of electroplated diamond bit, it is characterised in that: the diamond bit wall thickness is 0.48~0.54mm, and work layer height
For 2.8~3.0mm, diamond grit is 50/60~70/80 mesh, and diamond concentration is 180~196%；The system of the diamond
Preparation Method includes the following steps: that metal plate is as galvanic anode, secondly, to electricity firstly, using bit matrix as electroplating cathode
Cobaltous sulfate, nickel sulfate and sodium chloride are added in coating bath, is configured to electroplate liquid, wherein the mass concentration of cobaltous sulfate in the electroplate liquid
Mass concentration for 22~29g/L, nickel sulfate is 185~205g/L, the mass concentration of sodium chloride is 11~17g/L, finally, adjusting
The temperature of economize on electricity plating solution is 46~52 DEG C, pH value is 4.3~4.8 and current density is 3.2~3.7A/dm2, first matrix is carried out
Sky plating, so that diamond preferably adheres to, then carrying out sand plating is adhered to diamond tentatively on matrix, and is thickeied
Plating, wraps up diamond further by coating, finally obtains required electroplated diamond bit.
2. the method according to claim 1 for preparing electroplated diamond bit, it is characterised in that: sulfuric acid in the electroplate liquid
The mass concentration of cobalt is 24~27g/L, the mass concentration of nickel sulfate is 192~198g/L, the mass concentration of sodium chloride be 13~
16g/L。
3. the method according to claim 1 for preparing electroplated diamond bit, it is characterised in that: the metal plate is metal
Nickel plate.
4. the method according to claim 1 for preparing electroplated diamond bit, it is characterised in that: adjust the electroplate liquid
Temperature is 48~51 DEG C.
5. the method according to claim 1 for preparing electroplated diamond bit, it is characterised in that: adjust the electroplate liquid
PH value is 4.4~4.6.
6. the method according to claim 1 for preparing electroplated diamond bit, it is characterised in that: adjust the electroplate liquid
Current density is 3.4~3.6A/dm2。
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| CN106121544B (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2019-08-02 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A awl grinds integral type drill bit for ground stress test |
| CN106947961B (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2019-02-22 | 南京三超新材料股份有限公司 | The processing method of nickel plating diamond surface electrocorrosion-resisting |
| CN112391657A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-23 | 江西上品金刚石工具科技有限公司 | Method for electroplating diamond drill bit by utilizing ultrasonic waves |
| CN114942262B (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2024-03-08 | 南京农业大学 | Laser-induced graphene electrode for phosphate ion detection and preparation method thereof |
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