CN105834203A - Method for repairing cadmium polluted farmland through Sedum Spectabile Boreau - Google Patents
Method for repairing cadmium polluted farmland through Sedum Spectabile Boreau Download PDFInfo
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- CN105834203A CN105834203A CN201610327271.7A CN201610327271A CN105834203A CN 105834203 A CN105834203 A CN 105834203A CN 201610327271 A CN201610327271 A CN 201610327271A CN 105834203 A CN105834203 A CN 105834203A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for repairing cadmium polluted farmland through Sedum Spectabile Boreau. The method comprises the steps that the Sedum Spectabile Boreau is planted on cadmium polluted farmland in a cuttage mode, and a large amount of cadmium in the cadmium polluted farmland is absorbed through the root system of the Sedum Spectabile Boreau, the Sedum Spectabile Boreau is transferred to the ground to be accumulated; when the overground part of the Sedum Spectabile Boreau grows to 30-50 cm, defoliation is conducted and needs to reserve 4-5 cm of the overground part of the Sedum Spectabile Boreau, and the overground part of the Sedum Spectabile Boreau is transferred away so as to remove cadmium in the polluted soil; and the rest of the Sedum Spectabile Boreau can continue to grow and absorb cadmium in the soil, secondary defoliation is conducted when the overground part of the Sedum Spectabile Boreau grows to 30-50 cm, and the content of cadmium in the soil can be reduced continuously. The method for repairing the cadmium polluted farmland through the Sedum Spectabile Boreau has the advantages of being easy to operate and manage, low in expense, high in cadmium removal efficiency, good in repairing effect and the like; meanwhile, the Sedum Spectabile Boreau is a kind of ornamental plant, the function of beautifying the environment can be achieved while the polluted soil is repaired, and a certain economic value is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of environment pollution control, relate to the phytoremediation technology that a kind of heavy metal in soil pollutes, a kind of method utilizing the restoring cadmium polluted farmland of crassulaceae plants eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop.
Background technology
Soil is the natural environment depended on for existence of the mankind and the valuable source of agricultural production, and soil environment is healthy concerning agricultural product quality and health.In recent years, heavy metal pollution of soil has become the serious environmental problem that the whole world faces.At present, China's agricultural land soil is serious by heavy metal pollution, showing according to First National Soil Pollution Investigation result, China's arable soil point position exceeding standard rate is 19.4%, the most slightly, slightly, moderate and serious pollution point position ratio be respectively 13.7%, 2.8%, 1.8% and 1.1%；And from the point of view of pollutant exceeds standard situation, heavy metal cadmium point position exceeding standard rate is 7.0%.China is by the agricultural land soil about 25,000,000 hectares of heavy metal pollution now, and up to 12,000,000 tons of the most contaminated by heavy metals grain, the direct economic loss caused is more than 10,000,000,000 yuan.
Traditional administration way of cadmium pollution soil mainly has engineering control measure and physical chemistry restorative procedure, and peripheral doses technology mainly carrys out rehabilitating soil by the method for improving the soil, Vitrification, electric driving method and thermal desorption method etc.；Chemical remediation technology mainly includes chemical curing method, chemical leaching method etc., but it often has with high costs, big to environmental perturbation and is likely to result in the drawbacks such as secondary pollution.In recent years, utilize phytoremediation technology to administer heavy metal pollution of soil field in situ and be increasingly becoming main flow, the advantages such as phytoremediation technology has that rehabilitation cost is relatively low, little to environmental perturbation, non-secondary pollution and sustainability, having the effect beautified the environment concurrently, these advantages are not available for engineering control measure and physical chemistry restorative procedure simultaneously.
In phytoremediation technology, the heavy metal cadmium utilizing super enriching plant to absorb in contaminated soil is relatively conventional technology, but the super enriching plant having now been found that generally has soil climate adapts to the problems such as ability, poor growth, biomass are little, limit its remediation efficiency and promotional value, become the bottleneck urgently broken through in phytoremediation technology.Therefore, seek plant adaptable, that biomass is big, growth cycle is short, heavy metal accumulation ability is strong, remediation efficiency is high, become the research emphasis of this area.
Summary of the invention
It is contemplated that propose a kind of method utilizing the restoring cadmium polluted farmland of crassulaceae plants eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop, eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop is planted by cuttage on cadmium pollution soil, the root system utilizing eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop absorbs the heavy metal cadmium in soil in a large number, thus repairs the cadmium pollution of agricultural land soil.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that
A kind of method utilizing the restoring cadmium polluted farmland of eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop, including: cuttage plantation eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop on cadmium pollution soil, absorb the cadmium in described cadmium pollution soil in a large number by the root system of eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop and transfer them to aerial part accumulation；Can cradle when eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop aerial part length is to 30 ~ 50cm, cradle and need to retain eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop aerial part 4 ~ 5cm, eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop aerial part is removed from cadmium pollution soil, to remove the cadmium in contaminated soil；And eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop remainder can continued growth continue to absorb the cadmium in soil, carry out second time cradles when it grows to 30 ~ 50cm, the cadmium content in sustainable reduction soil.The eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop overground part of results, can be passed to exclusive place and concentrate and do harmless treatment.Eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop is perennial herb, cuts eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop overground part to 10cm before surviving the winter, and pours into winter water, teeming in April next year water, and eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop can continued growth the operation that repeats upper one year.
The method utilizing the restoring cadmium polluted farmland of eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop that the present invention proposes, by by eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop cuttage to the agricultural land soil of cadmium pollution, eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop is quick survival and growth in soil, within about 7 days, can take root, utilize its accumulation ability to heavy metal in soil cadmium, by the cadmium in Root Absorption contaminated soil and be transferred to overground part, the content of heavy metal in soil cadmium, the purpose of restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil are reached to reduce.
Eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop used in technical solution of the present invention has the characteristics such as drought-enduring, cold-resistant, barren-resistant, adaptable, growth is quick, biomass is big, and heavy metal in soil cadmium is had stronger accumulation ability, input cost is low, extensive management, winter can prevent the features such as soil bareness to utilize the restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil of eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop also to have, simultaneously because pattern is gorgeous, florescence is longer, there is preferable ornamental value and economic benefit, therefore the having a extensive future of its reparative potential and popularization and application.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the embodiment of the present invention utilizes eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop to administer the flow chart of Cd-polluted farmland soil remediation method；
Fig. 2 be Henan moderate Cd-polluted farmland Cadmium in Soil content and plantation 30 days after eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop overground part cadmium content comparison diagram；
Fig. 3 be the slight Cd-polluted farmland in Guangxi Cadmium in Soil content and plantation 30 days after eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop overground part cadmium content comparison diagram；
Fig. 4 be heavy Cd contamination farmland, Yunnan Cadmium in Soil content and plantation 15 days after eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop overground part cadmium content comparison diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by embodiment, the present invention will be further described, in order to is more fully understood that the present invention.
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and referring to the drawings, the present invention is described in more detail.
In view of the technical problem described in background section, it is necessary to screen a kind of adaptable, biomass is big, growth cycle is short and heavy metal accumulation ability is strong plant, this not only contributes to the repairing and treating of Cd-polluted farmland soil, be conducive to improving phytoremediation efficiency simultaneously, reduce and repair the time limit, make farmland resource return normal use as early as possible.
Inventors noted that eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop is Crassulaceae, Sedum perennial meat herbaceous plant, subterranean stem is plump, and the aerial stem of plant bunch life is sturdy and upright, and complete stool becomes celadon, plant height 30 ~ 50cm, and impeller is given birth to or to life, obovate, meat, has wave-formed mouth.Corymb is intensive such as flat-head shape, inflorescence footpath 10 ~ 13cm, and flower is pale pink, also has white, aubergine, rose kind, for the kind that pattern in Crassulaceae is the most gorgeous.Eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop happiness high light, dry, draughty environment, the most resistance to the moon that slightly covers, it is resistant to the low temperature of ~ 20 DEG C；Not selecting soil, it is desirable to draining is good, impoverishment tolerant and arid avoid waterlogging caused by excessive rain ponding.Plant is strong, extensive management.Property cold-resistant, East China and North China open country all can be survived the winter, and aerial part is withered winter.
The present embodiment is to utilize a kind of crassulaceae plants cadmium pollution soil repair, and concrete is then the method utilizing the restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil of eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop.
Fig. 1 illustrates the method flow diagram utilizing the restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil of eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop according to embodiments of the present invention.The method completes as follows:
S1: in Qing Ming Day i.e. the beginning of April, along natural texture, the eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop maternal plant growing to about 10cm being divided into 3 ~ 5 bud every part, the plant divided is planted in the agricultural land soil of cadmium pollution by the planting density of 20 × 20cm, and planting depth is 5cm；
S2: eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop is taken root rapidly, by the cadmium in Root Absorption soil and be transferred to overground part, when its plant height reaches 30 ~ 50cm, carries out cradling for the first time at aerial part 4 ~ 5cm, and the aerial part of results performs the operation of step S4；
S3: after step S2 cradles, residue overground part may proceed to growth the cadmium absorbing in soil, when its length is to about 40cm, carries out second time according to the method for step S2 and cradles, and the aerial part of results performs the operation of step S4；
S4: the eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop aerial part gathered in the crops is delivered to exclusive place concentration and does harmless treatment；
After four steps of above-mentioned S1 to S4, extra step can also be carried out: the overground part sub-cut of the eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) scape of rear continued growth will be cradled to 10cm before surviving the winter, and pour into winter water, teeming in April next year water, make eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop next year continued growth, repeat the operation of upper one year.
The present invention will be further described by the following examples.
Embodiment uses potted plant simulation experiment method, choose Henan moderate Cd-polluted farmland (HN), Guangxi is slight Cd-polluted farmland (GX) and three kinds of heavy Cd contamination farmland, Yunnan (YN), 0 ~ 20cm topsoil soils, by its natural air drying, smash to pieces, impurities removing, cross 5mm sieve, first measure the content of its heavy metal in soil cadmium.Then weigh 1kg soil to load in diameter and the high plastic tub being respectively 19cm × 16cm, add water and irrigate.According to natural texture, eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop seedling maternal plant high for 10cm is divided into 3 buds be transplanted in plastic tub, according to lack of water situation, irregularly waters, it is ensured that ground moistening but not accumulated water.Every kind of soil sets 3 repetitions.
After Henan moderate Cd-polluted farmland (HN) and Guangxi slight Cd-polluted farmland (GX) soil plants January, after heavy Cd contamination farmland, Yunnan (YN) soil is planted 15 days, gather in the crops aerial part, rinse, dry and pulverized 100 mesh well by deionized water.Plant sample nitric acid perchloric acid resolution method is cleared up, and measures cadmium content by graphite furnace AAS method.
Fig. 2 be Henan moderate Cd-polluted farmland Cadmium in Soil content and plantation 30 days after eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop overground part cadmium content, as seen from the figure, the content of Henan moderate Cd-polluted farmland Cadmium in Soil is 1.95mg/kg, and after planting 30 days, the cadmium content of eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop overground part reaches 4.49mg/kg.
Fig. 3 be the slight Cd-polluted farmland in Guangxi Cadmium in Soil content and plantation 30 days after eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop overground part cadmium content, as seen from the figure, the content of Guangxi is slight Cd-polluted farmland Cadmium in Soil is 1.06mg/kg, and after planting 30 days, the cadmium content of eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop overground part reaches 1.12mg/kg.
Fig. 4 be heavy Cd contamination farmland, Yunnan Cadmium in Soil content and plantation 15 days after eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop overground part cadmium content, in the heavy Cd contamination agricultural land soil of Yunnan, the content of cadmium is 97.97mg/kg, and after planting 15 days, the cadmium content of eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop overground part reaches 20.15mg/kg.
Simultaneously, the present embodiment characterizes eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop to the accumulation ability of cadmium in different cadmium pollution soils by heavy metal accumulation coefficient, bio-concentration factor, also known as living being concentration ratio (Bio-Concentration Factor, BCF), it can reflect the plant enrichment characteristics to heavy metal in soil, and concentration coefficient is one of standard judging super enriching plant more than 1, and heavy metal accumulation coefficient can be calculated by below equation:
Heavy metal accumulation coefficient=plant in-vivo heavy metal content/heavy metal in soil content
Calculating and understand, after planting 30 days in the soil of Henan degree Cd-polluted farmland, eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop concentration coefficient is 2.30；After planting 30 days in the soil of the slight Cd-polluted farmland in Guangxi, eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop concentration coefficient is 1.05；After planting 15 days in the soil in heavy Cd contamination farmland, Yunnan, eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop concentration coefficient is 0.21.
Above example explanation, eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop concentration coefficient in the moderate Cd-polluted farmland soil of Henan is the highest, in the heavy Cd contamination agricultural land soil of Yunnan, overground part absorbs the content maximum of cadmium, and its concentration coefficient have also exceeded 1 in the slight Cd-polluted farmland soil of Guangxi, show stronger accumulation ability and preferable repairing effect.
And because of had drought-enduring, cold-resistant, barren-resistant, adaptable of eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop and growth quickly so that it is can cultivate in region the most widely, low level management then makes it easier to popularization.And substantial amounts of biomass, repeatedly cradle, heavy metal cadmium in constant absorption soil, cadmium pollution soil repair that can be more efficient.Eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop is as ornamental plant simultaneously, is often used as flower bed construction and cover plant, makes Cd-polluted farmland in the period utilizing eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop to repair, it is also possible to produce certain economic worth.Therefore, eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop has broad application prospects as the phytoremediation of cadmium pollution soil.
The above; it is only the detailed description of the invention in the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any be familiar with the people of this technology in the technical scope that disclosed herein; it is appreciated that the conversion or replacement expected, all should contain within the scope of the comprising of the present invention.
Should be understood that the above-described embodiment technology only for the explanation present invention is conceived and feature, its object is to for skilled in the art realises that present disclosure and implementing according to this, not detailed description of the invention is exhaustive, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All modifying according to technical scheme or equivalent, without deviating from objective and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be contained in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (8)
1. the method utilizing the restoring cadmium polluted farmland of eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
To grow in eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop seedling replanting to the soil of cadmium pollution, eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop passes through the heavy metal cadmium in the Root Absorption contaminated soil grown and is transferred to overground part；Periodically cradle results and absorb the eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop aerial part of heavy metal cadmium.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: after gathering in the crops the overground part of described eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop, done harmless treatment.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop seedling replanting was carried out in the Qing Ming Day, the eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop maternal plant growing to about 10cm is divided into 3-5 bud every part along natural texture, the plant divided is planted in the agricultural land soil of cadmium pollution by the planting density of 20 × 20cm, and planting depth is 5cm.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: after in eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop seedling replanting to cadmium pollution soil, water between seedling-slowing stage and ensure ground moistening and avoid accumulated water.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in cradle and be divided into twice, when eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop aerial part plant height is 30 ~ 50cm, carry out cradling for the first time, root stubble part continued growth, carries out second time when its aerial part plant height reaches 30 ~ 50cm again and cradles.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: retain eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop aerial part 4 ~ 5cm when cradling.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: before entering the winter, eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop aerial part stem is cut to staying 10cm, then pour into and freeze water, and in teeming in April in spring next year water.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described harmless treatment includes burning or filling after compression.
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| CN106238450A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-21 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | The method utilizing the restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil of Radix Notoginseng Herba hylotelephii erythrosticti |
| CN106817946A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-13 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of production of south jiangxi rare-earth mining area cadmium exceeded soil safety and reparation synchronously the cropping pattern that carries out |
| CN107567871A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-12 | 李智凡 | A kind of modularization cultural method of heavy metal hyperaccumulative plant |
| CN107876551A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-04-06 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop repairs method, activator and the application of cadmium and/or lead-contaminated soil |
| CN109482629A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-03-19 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | A method of making cadmium pollution soil repair using between cadmium enriching plant and fruit tree |
| CN110026418A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-07-19 | 浙江大学 | A method of utilizing the naked column chrysanthemum remediating heavy metal cadmium pollution soil of enriching plant |
| CN111521754A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-11 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Preliminary investigation and stationing method for soil pollution in coking enterprise site |
| CN111790739A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-20 | 河南省科学院高新技术研究中心 | Method for repairing cadmium-polluted soil by using crassula argentea |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106238450A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-21 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | The method utilizing the restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil of Radix Notoginseng Herba hylotelephii erythrosticti |
| CN106817946A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-13 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of production of south jiangxi rare-earth mining area cadmium exceeded soil safety and reparation synchronously the cropping pattern that carries out |
| CN106817946B (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-12-28 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of cadmium exceeded soil safety in south jiangxi rare-earth mining area produces the cropping pattern of progress synchronous with reparation |
| CN107876551A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-04-06 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop repairs method, activator and the application of cadmium and/or lead-contaminated soil |
| CN107567871A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-12 | 李智凡 | A kind of modularization cultural method of heavy metal hyperaccumulative plant |
| CN109482629A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-03-19 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | A method of making cadmium pollution soil repair using between cadmium enriching plant and fruit tree |
| CN110026418A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-07-19 | 浙江大学 | A method of utilizing the naked column chrysanthemum remediating heavy metal cadmium pollution soil of enriching plant |
| CN111521754A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-11 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Preliminary investigation and stationing method for soil pollution in coking enterprise site |
| CN111521754B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-04-13 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Preliminary investigation and stationing method for soil pollution in coking enterprise site |
| CN111790739A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-20 | 河南省科学院高新技术研究中心 | Method for repairing cadmium-polluted soil by using crassula argentea |
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Application publication date: 20160810 |