CN105825008B - The auxiliary spring that non-end contact lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring works load Method for Checking - Google Patents
The auxiliary spring that non-end contact lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring works load Method for Checking Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
It works load Method for Checking the present invention relates to the auxiliary spring that non-end contact lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring, belongs to suspension leaf spring technical field.The present invention can structure size according to each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section of the non-equal structures of end flat segments, elasticity modulus, it is first determined goes out the endpoint deformation coefficient and half rigidity and the of each main springNDeformation coefficient of the main spring of piece at parabolic segment and auxiliary spring contact pointG x‑BC；Finally, according to the half rigidity of the root flat segments thickness of main spring, each main spring,NThe main spring of pieceG x‑BCAnd major-minor spring gap design value, the auxiliary spring load that works is checked.It is verified by deformation simulation it is found that accurately checked using the auxiliary spring that method can lack piece variable cross-section major-minor spring to the non-end contact load that works, so that product design level and performance are improved, raising vehicle ride comfort；Meanwhile spring weight and cost are reduced, design and testing expenses are reduced, product development speed is accelerated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle suspension leaf springs, are especially the auxiliary springs that non-end contact lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring
Used load Method for Checking.
Background technique
It, usually will few piece variable-section steel sheet spring in order to meet the vehicle suspension variation rigidity design requirement under different loads
It is designed as major and minor spring, wherein be equipped with certain major-minor spring gap between main spring and auxiliary spring contact, auxiliary spring works the setting of load
Meter requires.Since the 1st of few main spring of piece variable cross-section its stress is complicated, it is subjected to vertical load, while carrying also subject to torsion
Lotus and longitudinal loading, therefore, the end thickness of the 1st leaf spring designed by reality, usually than other each partially thick
It is some, i.e., mostly use few piece variable-section steel sheet spring of the non-equal structures in end；While in order to meet major-minor spring different composite rigidity
Design requirement, generally use the auxiliary spring of different length, i.e. auxiliary spring contact and the contact position of main spring is also different, therefore, can divide
For end contact and non-end contact, that is, two kinds of parabolic segment contact.It is main when load works load greater than auxiliary spring
Auxiliary spring is contacted and is concured, wherein auxiliary spring works the size of load, has great influence to vehicle driving ride comfort.
However, since the deformation calculating that few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring of the non-equal structures in end is located at an arbitrary position is very multiple
It is miscellaneous, therefore, previously fail the reliable checking computations for providing the auxiliary spring used load that non-end contact lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring always
Method.Although previously once someone gives the design method of few piece variable-section steel sheet spring, for example, Peng is not, high army is once in " automobile
Engineering ", (volume 14) the 3rd phase in 1992, propose the design and calculation method of Varied section leaf spring, this method primarily directed to
Few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring of the structures such as end is designed and calculates, and shortcoming is that not to be able to satisfy end non-etc.
The requirement that few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring of structure is designed and calculated, is less able to satisfy non-end contact and lacks piece parabolic
The checking computations requirement of the auxiliary spring used load of line style variable cross-section major-minor spring.
Therefore, it is necessary to establish the pair that accurate, the reliable non-end contact of one kind lacks piece parabolic type variable cross-section major-minor spring
The Method for Checking of spring used load meets Vehicle Industry fast development and to few piece parabolic type variable cross-section major-minor leaf spring
Careful design and auxiliary spring work the requirements of load checking computations, improve the design level of few piece parabolic type variable cross-section major-minor spring, produce
Quality and performance meet auxiliary spring and work the design requirement of load, improve vehicle driving ride comfort；Meanwhile reduce design and
Product development speed is accelerated in testing expenses.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned defect existing in the prior art, technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide it is a kind of it is easy,
The auxiliary spring that reliable non-end contact lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring works load Method for Checking, design flow diagram, such as Fig. 1 institute
Show.Few piece parabolic type variable cross-section major-minor spring is symmetrical structure, and the half symmetrical structure of spring can see Cantilever Beams of Variable Cross Section as,
I.e. the symmetrical center line root fixing end of seeing half spring as, spring end stress point see endpoint as.Few piece parabolic type
The half symmetrical structure schematic diagram of variable cross-section major-minor spring, as shown in Fig. 2, including, main spring 1, root shim 2, auxiliary spring 3, end
Portion's gasket 4.The half length of main spring 1 each is L, is made of root flat segments, parabolic segment and three sections of end flat segments,
Every root flat segments with a thickness of h2, clipping room away from half be l3；The non-equal structures of the end flat segments of main spring 1 each, i.e., the 1st
The thickness and length of the end flat segments of piece, the respectively greater than thickness and length of the end flat segments of other each main spring, each
The thickness and length of end flat segments are respectively h1iAnd l1i, i=1,2 ..., N, N is main reed number, and value range is 2~4；
Intermediate variable cross-section is parabolic segment, the thickness ratio β of each parabolic segmenti, the distance of root to the main spring endpoint of parabolic segment is l2
=L-l3.Root shim 2, main spring 1 are equipped between the root flat segments of main spring 1 each and between the root flat segments of auxiliary spring 3
End flat segments between be equipped with end pad 4, the material of end pad is carbon fibre composite, to reduce spring works institute
The frictional noise of generation.The half length of auxiliary spring 3 is LA, i.e. the horizontal distance of auxiliary spring ends points to main spring endpoint is l0=L-
LA, it is equipped with certain major and minor spring gap delta, between the parabolic segment of the main spring of N piece and the ends points of auxiliary spring 3 to meet pair
The work design of load of spring is wanted.It gives in each chip architecture parameter of main spring, elasticity modulus, auxiliary spring length, major-minor spring gap
Under condition, the auxiliary spring that end contact the lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring load that works is checked.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the auxiliary spring that non-end contact provided by the present invention lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring rises
Used load Method for Checking, it is characterised in that use following design procedure:
(1) the endpoint deformation coefficient G of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-sectionx-DiIt calculates:
According to the half length L of the main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section, width b, elastic modulus E, the root of parabolic segment to master
The distance l of spring endpoint2, main reed number N, wherein the root flat segments of i-th main spring with a thickness of h2, the end of i-th main spring
The thickness and length of flat segments are respectively h1i, the thickness ratio β of the parabolic segment of i-th main springi=h1i/h2, i=1,2 ..., N,
To the endpoint deformation coefficient G of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-sectionx-DiIt is calculated, i.e.,
Deformation coefficient G of (2) the N main springs of piece parabolic type variable cross-section at parabolic segment and auxiliary spring contact pointx-BCIt calculates:
According to the half length L of the main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section, width b, elastic modulus E, the root of parabolic segment to master
The distance l of spring endpoint2, the horizontal distance l of auxiliary spring contact and main spring endpoint0, main reed number N, to N piece parabolic type variable cross-section
Deformation coefficient G of the main spring at parabolic segment and auxiliary spring contact pointx-BCIt is calculated, i.e.,
(3) the half stiffness K of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-sectionMiIt calculates:
According to the thickness h of the root flat segments of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section2, in main reed number N and step (1)
The endpoint deformation coefficient G for each main spring being calculatedx-Di, to the half stiffness K of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-sectionMiIt carries out
It calculates, i.e.,
(4) auxiliary spring that non-end contact lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring works load pKChecking computations:
According to the thickness h of the root flat segments of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section2, major-minor spring gap design value δ, main spring
The piece number N, the G being calculated in step (2)x-BCAnd the stiffness K for each main spring half being calculated in step (3)Mi, to non-
The load p when auxiliary spring that end contact lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring worksKIt is checked, i.e.,
In formula, KMNFor the half rigidity of the main spring of N piece.
The present invention has the advantage that than the prior art
Due to few piece variable-section steel sheet spring of the non-equal structures in end deform at an arbitrary position calculate it is extremely complex, elder generation
It is preceding fail to provide non-end contact always and lack the auxiliary spring of piece variable cross-section major-minor spring work load calculation method.The present invention can root
According to the structure size of the main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section, elasticity modulus, it is first determined go out the non-each main spring for waiting structures in end in endpoint
Deformation coefficient of the deformation coefficient and the main spring of N at place at parabolic segment and auxiliary spring contact point；Then, existed using each main spring
Deformation coefficient at endpoint calculates the half rigidity of each main spring；Finally, main spring is thrown according to the root thickness of main spring
Gap delta between object line segment and auxiliary spring ends points, deformation coefficient of the main spring of N piece at parabolic segment and auxiliary spring contact point,
And the rigidity of each main spring, the auxiliary spring used load for lacking piece parabolic type variable cross-section major-minor spring to non-end contact are tested
It calculates.
It is contacted by design example and ANSYS simulating, verifying it is found that accurate, reliable non-end can be obtained using this method
Formula lacks the checking computations value of the auxiliary spring used load of piece variable cross-section major-minor spring, is the non-few piece parabolic type variable cross-section major-minor for waiting structures in end
The auxiliary spring of spring works load checking computations, provides reliable calculation method, and be few piece parabolic type variable cross-section major-minor spring
Reliable technical foundation has been established in the exploitation of CAD and characteristic Simulation software.Few major and minor spring of piece variable cross-section can be improved using this method
Design level and performance, it is ensured that meet auxiliary spring and work the design requirement of load, improve vehicle driving ride comfort；Meanwhile also
Bearing spring weight and cost can be reduced, design, exploitation and testing expenses is reduced, accelerates product development speed.
Detailed description of the invention
For a better understanding of the present invention, it is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the checking computations flow chart for the auxiliary spring used load that non-end contact lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring；
Fig. 2 is the half symmetrical structure schematic diagram that non-end contact lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring；
Fig. 3 is the deformation simulation cloud atlas of the main spring of non-end contact parabolic type variable cross-section of embodiment one；
Fig. 4 is the deformation simulation cloud atlas of the main spring of non-end contact parabolic type variable cross-section of embodiment two.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, invention is further described in detail.
Embodiment one: certain non-end contact lacks the main reed number N=2 of piece parabolic type variable cross-section major-minor spring, wherein each
The half length L=575mm of the main spring of piece, width b=60mm, elastic modulus E=200GPa, the thickness h of root flat segments2=
11mm, clipping room away from half l3=55mm, the distance l of the root of parabolic segment to main spring endpoint2=L-l3=520mm；1st
The thickness h of the end flat segments of the main spring of piece11=7mm, the thickness ratio β of the parabolic segment of the 1st main spring1=h11/h2=0.64, the
The h of 2 main springs12=6mm, the thickness ratio β of the parabolic segment of the 2nd main spring2=h12/h2=0.55.The half length L of auxiliary springA
=365mm, horizontal distance l of the auxiliary spring contact to main spring endpoint0=210mm, the master between auxiliary spring contact and main spring parabolic segment
Auxiliary spring gap design value δ=16.95mm.The auxiliary spring for lacking piece parabolic type variable cross-section major-minor spring to the non-end contact works
Load pKIt is checked.
The auxiliary spring that non-end contact provided by present example lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring works load checking computations side
Method, checking computations process is as shown in Figure 1, specifically steps are as follows for checking computations:
(1) the endpoint deformation coefficient G of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-sectionx-DiIt calculates:
According to the half length L=575mm of the main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section, width b=60mm, elastic modulus E=
200GPa, the distance l of the root of parabolic segment to main spring endpoint2=520mm, main reed number N=2, wherein the 1st main spring
The thickness ratio β of parabolic segment1The thickness ratio β of the parabolic segment of=0.64, the 2nd main spring2=0.55, the 1st and the 2nd is thrown
The endpoint deformation coefficient G of the main spring of object line style variable cross-sectionx-D1And Gx-D2It is respectively calculated, i.e.,
Deformation coefficient G of (2) the N main springs of piece parabolic type variable cross-section at parabolic segment and auxiliary spring contact pointx-BCIt calculates:
According to the half length L=575mm of the main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section, width b=60mm, elastic modulus E=
200GPa, the distance l of the root of parabolic segment to main spring endpoint2=520mm, the horizontal distance l of auxiliary spring contact and main spring endpoint0
=210mm, main reed number N=2, to deformation of the 2nd main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section at parabolic segment and auxiliary spring contact point
Coefficient Gx-BCIt is calculated, i.e.,
(3) the half stiffness K of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-sectionMiIt calculates:
I step: according to the thickness h of the root flat segments of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section2=11mm, main reed number N
=2 and step (1) in the G that is calculatedx-D1=98.16mm4/ N and Gx-D2=102.63mm4/ N throws the 1st and the 2nd
The half stiffness K of the main spring of object line style variable cross-sectionM1And KM2It is respectively calculated, i.e.,
(4) auxiliary spring that non-end contact lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring works load pKChecking computations:
According to the thickness h of the root flat segments of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section2=11mm, main reed number N=2, it is main
Auxiliary spring gap delta=16.95mm, step (2) is middle to calculate obtained Gx-BCAnd the 1st be calculated in step (3) and the 2nd
The half stiffness K of the main spring of pieceM1=13.56N/mm and KM2=12.97N/mm lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor to the non-end contact
The auxiliary spring of spring works load pKIt is calculated, i.e.,
Using ANSYS finite element emulation software, according to each chip architecture parameter and material of the main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section
Characterisitic parameter, establishes the ANSYS simulation model of the half symmetrical structure of the main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section, grid division, and
The root of simulation model applies fixed constraint, applies in endpoint and checks obtained auxiliary spring and work the half i.e. P=of load
1200N carries out ANSYS emulation, obtained deformation simulation to the deformation for lacking the main spring of piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring
Cloud atlas, as shown in Figure 3, wherein the main spring is in deflection δ=17.11mm at end position 210mm.
It is found that in same load, the ANSYS simulating, verifying value δ of the main spring deflection of the leaf spring=
17.11mm matches with major-minor spring gap design value δ=16.95mm, and relative deviation is only 0.94%；The result shows that the invention
The auxiliary spring that provided non-end contact lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring work load Method for Checking be correctly, auxiliary spring acts as
It is accurately and reliably with the checking computations value of load.
Embodiment two: certain non-end contact lacks the piece number N=2 of the main spring of piece parabolic type, wherein the half of each main spring
Length L=600mm, width b=60mm, elastic modulus E=200GPa, the thickness h of root flat segments2=14mm, clipping room away from
Half l3=60mm, the distance l of the root of parabolic segment to main spring endpoint2=L-l3=540mm；The end of 1st main spring is flat
The thickness h of straight section11=9mm, the thickness ratio β of the parabolic segment of the 1st main spring1=h11/h2=0.64；The end of 2nd main spring
The thickness h of flat segments12=8mm, the thickness ratio β of the parabolic segment of the 2nd main spring2=h12/h2=0.57.The half length of auxiliary spring
LA=380mm, the horizontal distance l of auxiliary spring contact and main spring endpoint0=L-LA=220mm, auxiliary spring contact and main spring parabolic segment it
Between major-minor spring gap delta=23.21mm.To the auxiliary spring that the non-end contact lacks piece parabolic type major-minor spring work load into
Row checking computations.
Using the Method for Checking and step being the same as example 1, to the main spring of non-end contact parabolic type variable cross-section
The auxiliary spring load that works checked, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) the endpoint deformation coefficient G of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-sectionx-DiIt calculates:
According to the half length L=600mm of the main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section, width b=60mm, elastic modulus E=
200GPa, the distance l of the root of parabolic segment to main spring endpoint2=540mm, main reed number N=2, wherein the 1st main spring
The thickness ratio β of parabolic segment1The thickness ratio β of the parabolic segment of=0.64, the 2nd main spring2=0.57, the 1st and the 2nd is thrown
The endpoint deformation coefficient G of the main spring of object line style variable cross-sectionx-D1And Gx-D2It is respectively calculated, i.e.,
Deformation coefficient G of (2) the N main springs of piece parabolic type variable cross-section at parabolic segment and auxiliary spring contact pointx-BCIt calculates:
According to the half length L=600mm of the main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section, width b=60mm, elastic modulus E=
200GPa, the distance l of the root of parabolic segment to main spring endpoint2=540mm, the horizontal distance l of auxiliary spring contact and main spring endpoint0
=220mm, main reed number N=2, to deformation of the 2nd main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section at parabolic segment and auxiliary spring contact point
Coefficient Gx-BCIt is calculated, i.e.,
(3) the half stiffness K of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-sectionMiIt calculates:
According to the thickness h of the root flat segments of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section2=14mm, main reed number N=2, and
The endpoint deformation coefficient G of obtained 1st and the 2nd main spring of variable cross-section is calculated in step (1)x-D1=110.54mm4/ N and
Gx-D2=114.69mm4/ N, to the half stiffness K of the 1st and the 2nd main spring of parabolic type variable cross-sectionM1And KM2It is counted respectively
It calculates, i.e.,
(4) auxiliary spring that non-end contact lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring works load pKChecking computations:
According to the thickness h of the root flat segments of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section2=14mm, major-minor spring gap delta=
23.21mm, main reed number N=2, step (2) is middle to calculate obtained Gx-BC=43.26mm4Gained is calculated in/N and step (3)
The half stiffness K of each main spring arrivedM1=24.82N/mm, KM2=23.92N/mm lacks piece variable cross-section master to non-end contact
The auxiliary spring of auxiliary spring works load pKIt is checked, i.e.,
Using ANSYS finite element emulation software, according to each chip architecture parameter and material of the main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section
Characterisitic parameter is established the ANSYS simulation model of the half symmetrical structure of the main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section, grid division, and is being imitated
The root of true mode applies fixed constraint, applies in endpoint and checks obtained auxiliary spring and work the half i.e. P=of load
3000N carries out ANSYS emulation, obtained deformation simulation to the deformation for lacking the main spring of piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring
Cloud atlas, as shown in Figure 4, wherein the main spring is in deflection δ=23.25mm at end position 220mm.
It is found that in same load, the ANSYS simulating, verifying value δ of the main spring deflection of the leaf spring=
23.25mm matches with major-minor spring gap design value δ=23.21mm, and relative deviation is only 0.17%；The result shows that the invention
The auxiliary spring that provided non-end contact the lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring load Method for Checking that works is correct.
Claims (1)
- The load Method for Checking 1. the auxiliary spring that non-end contact lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring works, wherein parabolic type, which becomes, to be cut The half symmetrical structure of the main spring in face is made of root flat segments, parabolic segment, three sections of end flat segments, and the end of each main spring is flat Straight section is non-isomorphic, i.e., the thickness and length of the end flat segments of the 1st main spring, the end of respectively greater than other each main spring is straight The thickness and length of section；Auxiliary spring length is less than main spring length, and certain master is equipped between auxiliary spring contact and main spring parabolic segment Auxiliary spring gap, when leaf spring institute is loaded reach auxiliary spring work load when, certain, which is put, in auxiliary spring contact and main spring parabolic segment connects Touching；In the case where the structural parameters of each main spring, elasticity modulus, auxiliary spring length, major-minor spring gap give situation, to non-end contact The auxiliary spring of the few piece variable cross-section major-minor spring load that works is checked, and steps are as follows for specific checking computations:(1) the endpoint deformation coefficient G of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-sectionx-DiIt calculates:According to the half length L of the main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section, width b, elastic modulus E, the root to main spring end of parabolic segment The distance l of point2, main reed number N, wherein the root flat segments of i-th main spring with a thickness of h2, the end of i-th main spring is straight The thickness and length of section are respectively h1i, the thickness ratio β of the parabolic segment of i-th main springi=h1i/h2, i=1,2 ..., N, to each The endpoint deformation coefficient G of the main spring of piece parabolic type variable cross-sectionx-DiIt is calculated, i.e.,Deformation coefficient G of (2) the N main springs of piece parabolic type variable cross-section at parabolic segment and auxiliary spring contact pointx-BCIt calculates:According to the half length L of the main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section, width b, elastic modulus E, the root to main spring end of parabolic segment The distance l of point2, the horizontal distance l of auxiliary spring contact and main spring endpoint0, main reed number N, to the main spring of N piece parabolic type variable cross-section Deformation coefficient G at parabolic segment and auxiliary spring contact pointx-BCIt is calculated, i.e.,(3) the half stiffness K of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-sectionMiIt calculates:According to the thickness h of the root flat segments of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section2, calculate in main reed number N and step (1) The endpoint deformation coefficient G of each main spring arrivedx-Di, to the half stiffness K of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-sectionMiIt is calculated, I.e.(4) auxiliary spring that non-end contact lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring works load pKChecking computations:According to the thickness h of the root flat segments of each main spring of parabolic type variable cross-section2, major-minor spring gap design value δ, main reed number N, the G being calculated in step (2)x-BCAnd the stiffness K for each main spring half being calculated in step (3)Mi, to non-end The load p when auxiliary spring that contact lacks piece variable cross-section major-minor spring worksKIt is checked, i.e.,In formula, KMNFor the half rigidity of the main spring of N piece.
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| CN106446449B (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2019-03-26 | 山东理工大学 | Non- end contact parabolic type leaf spring auxiliary spring works load design method |
| CN106812849B (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2019-01-04 | 山东理工大学 | The Method for Checking of the contact load of the offset frequencys type three-level progressive rate leaf spring such as non- |
| CN106844925B (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2019-12-27 | 山东理工大学 | Adjusting design method for contact load of two-stage auxiliary spring type gradient stiffness plate spring based on offset frequency simulation |
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