CN105823596A - Piston pressure gauge verification and calibration device and method - Google Patents
Piston pressure gauge verification and calibration device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105823596A CN105823596A CN201610236675.5A CN201610236675A CN105823596A CN 105823596 A CN105823596 A CN 105823596A CN 201610236675 A CN201610236675 A CN 201610236675A CN 105823596 A CN105823596 A CN 105823596A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L27/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring fluid pressure
- G01L27/002—Calibrating, i.e. establishing true relation between transducer output value and value to be measured, zeroing, linearising or span error determination
- G01L27/005—Apparatus for calibrating pressure sensors
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Abstract
The invention provides a piston pressure gauge calibration and calibration device and method. The device includes a standard piston pressure gauge (15), a pressure source (16), a first gate valve (11), a second gate valve (12), a third gate valve (13), a three-way valve (14) and a pressure sensor (P), wherein three ports of the three-way valve (14) are connected to a piston pressure gauge to be calibrated (17), the standard piston pressure gauge (15) and the pressure sensor (P), the standard piston pressure gauge (15) and the pressure sensor (P), or the piston pressure gauge to be calibrated (17) and the pressure sensor (P) can be communicated through the three-way valve (14), the standard piston pressure gauge (15) is communicated with the pressure source (16) through the second gate valve (12) and the first gate valve (11) in sequence, and the piston pressure gauge (17) is communicated with the pressure source (16) through the third gate valve (13) and the first gate valve (11) in sequence.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of pressure measurement, particularly to a kind of piston manometer calibrating apparatus and method.
Background technology
The assay calibration of measurement instrument is statutory obligation and the main task of measurement technology mechanism.Piston manometer, as a kind of widely used normal pressure metrical instrument, is required for carrying out substantial amounts of calibrating or calibration operation every year.At present, the assay calibration work of piston manometer is the heaviest, traces it to its cause, and mainly automaticity is low.The assay calibration method of piston manometer is based on national metrological verification regulations, such as " JJG1086-2013 gas piston formula piezometer vertification regulation ", method employed in code needs to expend substantial amounts of manpower, and lacks the piston manometer assay calibration product of a kind of automatization on market.
The core component of piston manometer is the piston system of precision-fit, and the effective area A of piston system is its key parameter.At the counterweight that upper end load mass is m of piston system, when, after pressure balance, the pressure p of piston can be passed through equation below (1) and be calculated:
P=mg/A (1)
Wherein g is local acceleration of gravity.
In actual application, according to required certainty of measurement, formula (1) can add some correction terms, such as aerostatic buoyancy correction, thermal expansion correction, pressure deformation correction, working media surface tension correction and difference in height correction etc..The working media of piston manometer is gas or liquid, and it is gas (such as nitrogen) that general 10MPa pressure below measures working media, and the pressure measxurement working media of more than 10MPa is liquid (such as piston manometer special oil).
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of existing piston manometer calibrating apparatus.Existing piston manometer calibrating apparatus includes the standard piston piezometer 5 as measurement criteria, pressure source 6, gate valve 1,2,3,4, piston manometer 7 to be calibrated is connected with standard piston piezometer 5 by gate valve 4, standard piston piezometer 5 passes sequentially through gate valve 2 and connects with pressure source 6 with gate valve 1, and piston manometer 7 to be calibrated passes sequentially through gate valve 3 and connects with pressure source 6 with gate valve 1.Gate valve 1 to 4 all has opening and closing two states, can be respectively communicated with or cut off the working media in the pipeline of gate valve two ends.Pressure source provides pressure for the working media in pipeline.Pressure source shown in Fig. 1 and the medium in pipeline adapt with the working media of the piston manometer of use.
Existing piston manometer assay calibration method is at known standard piston manometric effective area AsIn the case of, determine the effective area A of piston manometer to be calibratedt.Existing piston manometer assay calibration procedure is as follows:
Before assay calibration, gate valve 1, gate valve 2, gate valve 3, gate valve 4 are in closed mode.
When starting assay calibration, being first turned on gate valve 1 and gate valve 2, make the piston in standard piston piezometer 5 rise to operating position by pressure source 6, be then shut off gate valve 2, now standard piston piezometer is in poised state, and piston therein is with certain decrease speed vs1Slowly decline.
Then, gate valve 3 being carried out same operation, i.e. opens gate valve 3, make the piston in piston manometer 7 to be calibrated rise to operating position, be then shut off gate valve 3, piston manometer 7 the most to be calibrated is in poised state, and piston therein is with another decrease speed vs2Slowly decline.
Open gate valve 4, observe and record the decrease speed of both sides piston, if the decrease speed of both sides piston and previous vs1、vs2Difference, then closing gate valve 4, adjust and be added in the counterbalance mass on the piston of both sides, be again turned on gate valve 4 afterwards, the decrease speed of observed and recorded both sides piston, such repeatable operation, until when gate valve 4 is opened, the decrease speed of both sides piston respectively with previous vs1、vs2Consistent, then it is assumed that now both sides piston is in poised state.
The counterbalance mass m that record is now carried on standard piston piezometer 5sWith the counterbalance mass m being carried on piston manometer 7 to be calibratedt, the effective area of piston manometer 7 to be calibrated it is calculated by formula (2):
At=mtAs/ms(2)
The same with formula (1), omit correction term here.
In practical operation, owing to piston rotation perdurability is very slow, need when measuring decrease speed to accumulate a few minutes, and need repeated multiple times adjustment counterbalance mass, said process it is generally required to testing person concentrate one's energy to operate 10 minutes the most longer.And said process is the measurement of a pressure spot, actual verification process generally requires more than ten pressure spot of measurement, other operation is also needed to when changing pressure spot, such as swing weight-adding, adjust pressure etc., therefore one piston manometer of assay calibration generally requires a whole working day, brings hard work pressure to testing person.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the disclosure is to provide a kind of piston manometer calibrating apparatus and method, and it is it can be avoided that error that in existing calibrating apparatus, anthropic factor causes, and without expending substantial amounts of manpower.
The one side of the disclosure provides a kind of piston manometer calibrating apparatus, including standard piston piezometer, pressure source, first gate valve, second gate valve, 3rd gate valve, three-way valve and pressure transducer, three ports of wherein said three-way valve are respectively connecting to piston manometer to be calibrated, standard piston piezometer and pressure transducer, described standard piston piezometer and pressure transducer can be connected by controlling described three-way valve, or connect described piston manometer to be calibrated and pressure transducer, described standard piston piezometer passes sequentially through described second gate valve and the first gate valve and described pressure-source communication, described piston manometer to be calibrated passes sequentially through described 3rd gate valve and the first gate valve and described pressure-source communication.
Preferably, described first gate valve, the second gate valve, the 3rd gate valve and three-way valve are operated pneumatic valves.
Preferably, described first gate valve, the second gate valve and the opening and closing of the 3rd gate valve, and the switching that described three-way valve is between described standard piston piezometer and piston manometer to be calibrated are controlled by electromagnetic valve.
Preferably, the range of described pressure transducer is more than or equal to the range of described piston manometer to be calibrated.
Preferably, the high magnitude of calibration accuracy needed for piston manometer to be calibrated described in the resolution ratio of described pressure transducer.
Preferably, described pressure transducer is with computer communication interface.
Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a kind of piston manometer assay calibration method utilizing above-mentioned piston manometer calibrating apparatus, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: according to the base measuring pressure value chosen, loads counterbalance mass m on standard piston piezometers, described piston manometer to be calibrated loads counterbalance mass mt；
Step 2: open the first gate valve and the second gate valve, makes the manometric piston of standard piston rise to operating position, is then shut off the second gate valve；
Step 3: open described 3rd gate valve, makes the piston of piston manometer to be calibrated rise to operating position, is then shut off described 3rd gate valve；
Step 4: operate described three-way valve so that described pressure transducer connects with described standard piston piezometer, records force value p of described pressure transducers；
Step 5: operate described three-way valve so that described pressure transducer connects with described piston manometer to be calibrated, records force value p of described pressure transducert；
Step 6: calculated the effective area of described piston manometer to be calibrated by below equation (3):
Wherein, AsBeing the manometric effective area of described standard piston, k is the linear coefficient of described pressure transducer.
Preferably, described step 4 and step 5 are repeated several times, and based on force value p repeatedly recorded in described formula (3)sMeansigma methods and force value p that repeatedly recordstMeansigma methods calculate.
Preferably, k is equal to 1.
Preferably, by formula (3) described in correction factor correction.
Compared with prior art, the having the beneficial effects that of the disclosure:
(1) force value that pressure transducer standard of comparison piston manometer at short notice produces is utilized with piston manometer to be calibrated, need not two piston manometers and reach pressure balanced state, also avoid the need for repeatedly adjusting the counterbalance mass being carried on piston manometer, thus simplify the process of assay calibration；
(2) reading of pressure transducer can pass through its PORT COM computer-automatic collection, and testing person only needs operating computer can complete to measure, and greatly reduces working strength, and improves work efficiency and accuracy；
(3) on the gate valve in device, pressure setting and piston, the loading of counterweight all can realize computer controlled automatic, so can be by whole assay calibration process conformity to computer software, testing person only need to run software, even without at the scene, on the one hand can reduce the working strength of testing person, on the other hand can also get rid of the error even mistake that the anthropic factor during measurement causes.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By combining accompanying drawing, disclosure exemplary embodiment is described in more detail, above-mentioned and other purpose, feature and the advantage of the disclosure will be apparent from, wherein, in disclosure exemplary embodiment mode, identical reference number typically represents same parts.
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of existing piston manometer calibrating apparatus；
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of the piston manometer calibrating apparatus according to exemplary embodiment；
Fig. 3 shows the employing piston manometer assay calibration method according to exemplary embodiment, the pressure sensor readings collected；
Fig. 4 shows the result of the effective area applying the piston manometer to be calibrated obtained according to piston manometer calibrating apparatus and the conventional piston piezometer calibrating apparatus of exemplary embodiment.
Main Reference Numerals is as follows:
1-gate valve, 2-gate valve, 3-gate valve, 4-gate valve, 5-standard piston piezometer, 6-pressure source, 7-piston manometer to be calibrated；
11-gate valve, 12-gate valve, 13-gate valve, 14-three-way valve, 15-standard piston piezometer, 16-pressure source, 17-piston manometer to be calibrated, P-pressure transducer.
Detailed description of the invention
It is more fully described preferred embodiment of the present disclosure below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although accompanying drawing shows preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, however, it is to be appreciated that may be realized in various forms the disclosure and should not limited by embodiments set forth here.On the contrary, it is provided that these embodiments are to make the disclosure more thorough and complete, and the scope of the present disclosure can intactly convey to those skilled in the art.
In order to overcome the defect of prior art, the disclosure proposes a kind of piston manometer calibrating apparatus.Fig. 2 shows the piston manometer calibrating apparatus according to exemplary embodiment, and it includes standard piston piezometer 15, pressure source 16, gate valve 11, gate valve 12, gate valve 13, three-way valve 14 and pressure transducer P.
Three ports of three-way valve 14 are respectively connecting to piston manometer 17 to be calibrated, standard piston piezometer 15 and pressure transducer P, standard piston piezometer 15 and pressure transducer P can be connected by controlling three-way valve 14, or connect piston manometer 17 to be calibrated and pressure transducer P.Standard piston piezometer 15 passes sequentially through gate valve 12 and connects with pressure source 16 with gate valve 11, and piston manometer 17 to be calibrated passes sequentially through gate valve 13 and connects with pressure source 16 with gate valve 11.Gate valve 11 to 13 all has opening and closing two states, can be respectively communicated with or cut off the working media in the pipeline of gate valve two ends.Pressure source can be that the working media in pipeline provides pressure.
Pressure transducer P can be connected by three-way valve 14 with standard piston piezometer 15, or is connected with piston manometer 17 to be calibrated by pressure transducer P, and standard piston piezometer 15 and piston manometer 17 to be calibrated separate all the time.By switching three-way valve 14, force value p of standard piston piezometer end can be read by pressure transducer Ps, and force value p of piston manometer end to be calibratedt。
Preferably, gate valve 11 to 13 and three-way valve 14 can use operated pneumatic valve, thus can be controlled the opening and closing of gate valve 11 to 13 by electromagnetic valve, and control the three-way valve 14 switching between standard piston piezometer 15 and piston manometer to be calibrated 17.Electromagnetic valve combines with data collecting card, then can be controlled opening and closing and the switching of three-way valve 14 of gate valve 11 to 13 by computer, it is achieved automatically controlling of gate valve operation.
Preferably, the range of pressure transducer P should coordinate the range of piston manometer 17 to be calibrated.Such as, if the range of piston manometer to be calibrated 17 is 1MPa, then the range of the pressure transducer P of selection should be not less than 1MPa, but can not exceed too many, because range is the biggest, resolution is the lowest.
Preferably, the resolution of pressure transducer P should select according to required calibration accuracy, than the high magnitude of calibration accuracy needed for piston manometer 17 to be calibrated.Piston manometer 17 the most to be calibrated needs to reach the calibration accuracy of 0.01%, then optional resolution is the pressure transducer of 0.001%, so ensure that the accuracy of calibration.
The sample frequency of pressure transducer P is the most relevant to its resolution, and resolution is the highest, and sample frequency is the lowest.As a example by Paroscientific745 pressure transducer, resolution is 8 × 10-5Time, sample frequency is 60Hz；Resolution is 1 × 10-5Time, sample frequency is 8Hz；Resolution is 1 × 10-6Time, sample frequency is 0.8Hz.Therefore, in practical operation, its sample frequency can be selected in conjunction with the resolution of pressure transducer P.
Preferably, pressure transducer P with computer communication interface, such as RS232 interface, can be by the data of computer acquisition pressure transducer P.
Employing described in detail below is according to the piston manometer assay calibration method of the piston manometer calibrating apparatus of exemplary embodiment.
Before assay calibration, gate valve 11, gate valve 12, gate valve 13 are in closed mode.
When starting assay calibration, first according to the base measuring pressure value chosen, standard piston piezometer 15 and piston manometer to be calibrated 17 load corresponding counterweight.The counterbalance mass m being carried on standard piston piezometer 15 can be calculated by formula (1) according to base measuring pressure value and the nominal effective area of pistonsWith the counterbalance mass m being carried on piston manometer 17 to be calibratedt.Wherein, the nominal effective area of piston refers to the approximation of piston effective area, for known quantity.The exact value of such as piston effective area is 4.987654cm2, its name effective area is 5cm2。
Then, opening gate valve 11 and gate valve 12, made by pressure source 16 piston of standard piston piezometer 15 rise to operating position, be then shut off gate valve 12, now standard piston piezometer 15 is in poised state.
Then, gate valve 13 being carried out same operation, i.e. opens gate valve 13, made by pressure source 16 piston of piston manometer 17 to be calibrated rise to operating position, be then shut off gate valve 13, piston manometer 17 the most to be calibrated is in poised state.
Operation three-way valve 14, makes pressure transducer P connect with standard piston piezometer 15, force value p of record pressure transducer Ps；Then operation three-way valve 14, makes pressure transducer P connect with piston manometer 17 to be calibrated, force value p of record pressure transducer Pt。
Finally, based on counterbalance mass ms, counterbalance mass mt, force value ps, force value ptAnd standard piston manometric effective area As, the effective area A of piston manometer 17 to be calibrated it is calculated by below equation (3)t:
Wherein msIt is the counterbalance mass being carried on standard piston piezometer 15, mtIt is the counterbalance mass being carried on piston manometer 17 to be calibrated, psIt is the force value of standard piston piezometer end, ptIt is the force value of piston manometer end to be calibrated, AsBeing the effective area of standard piston piezometer 15, k is the linear coefficient of pressure transducer P.Linear coefficient k needs to be demarcated by standard piston piezometer, and in general k is in close proximity to 1, if required calibration accuracy is allowed, k can be taken as 1.
Preferably, connection pressure transducer P and standard piston piezometer 15 and the process that connect pressure transducer P and to be calibrated piston manometer 17 can be repeated several times, gather multiple reading psWith pt, and take multiple reading psMeansigma methods and multiple reading ptMeansigma methods, substitute in formula (3) and calculate, to reduce random error, it is thus achieved that preferably accuracy.In the preferred case, this process repeatable 3 to 5 times.
Dependent correction term is omitted in formula (3).Preferably, according to required calibration accuracy, formula can add corresponding correction factor in (3).Such as when considering aerostatic buoyancy correction, counterbalance mass can additional corrections coefficient 1-ρa/ ρ, wherein ρaBeing atmospheric density, ρ is counterweight density, then the formula (3) through revising is converted into below equation (4):
When considering fluid height difference correction, the denominator of formula (3) should add the next item up (ρf-ρa)hAs, wherein ρaIt is atmospheric density, ρfBeing fluid media (medium) density, h is difference in height, then the formula (3) through revising is converted into below equation (5):
Method according to exemplary embodiment needs pressure transducer P to have higher resolution and short-term stability, and the technical merit of pressure transducer can meet this requirement completely at present, can be with the product of commercially available satisfied requirement.This method is substantially to go to compare the force value that both sides piston manometer produces with pressure transducer at short notice, the piston manometer that so there is no need to both sides reaches pressure balanced state, also avoids the need for repeatedly adjusting the counterbalance mass being carried on piston manometer.What is more important, the reading of pressure transducer can pass through its PORT COM computer-automatic collection, and testing person only needs operating computer can complete to measure, and greatly reduces working strength, and improves work efficiency and accuracy.Further, gate valve in pipeline, pressure set and gather and on piston, the loading of counterweight all can realize automatically controlling, so can be by whole assay calibration process conformity to computer software, testing person only need to run software, even without at the scene.Piston manometer calibrating apparatus according to exemplary embodiment and method are owing to have employed pressure transducer so that the automatic calibration calibration of piston manometer is possibly realized.Automatic mode can reduce the working strength of testing person, also can get rid of the error even mistake that the anthropic factor during measurement causes.
Application example
In this example, piston manometer calibrating apparatus uses two Ruska2465 type piston manometer (gas mediums, 1.4MPa range) respectively as standard piston piezometer and piston manometer to be calibrated, use Paroscientific6000-200G type pressure transducer (gas medium, 1.4MPa range), use the corresponding data acquisition program of Labview software programming.Fig. 3 is under the pressure of 80kPa, the pressure reading of the both sides piston manometer that pressure transducer collects, and can complete assay calibration process within 1 minute.
In order to verify the accuracy of the piston manometer calibrating apparatus according to exemplary embodiment, under multiple pressure spots, the piston manometer calibrating apparatus by traditional piston manometer calibrating apparatus with according to exemplary embodiment has carried out complete measurement.Fig. 4 shows the result of the effective area of the piston manometer to be calibrated applying two kinds of devices to obtain.Can be seen that the result applying two kinds of devices to obtain closely, and their difference is within rational range of error, therefore piston manometer calibrating apparatus and method according to exemplary embodiment are reliable.Apply the piston manometer assay calibration method according to exemplary embodiment, whole measurement process only needs about 1 hour, experimenter has only to operate software, and apply traditional method, whole measurement process needs at least 6 hours, experimenter requires a high expenditure of energy record data, changes counterbalance mass etc..Therefore substantially increasing work efficiency according to the piston manometer assay calibration method of exemplary embodiment, accuracy does not the most reduce simultaneously.
Technique scheme is the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, on the basis of the invention discloses application process and principle, it is easy to make various types of improvement or deformation, it is not limited solely to the method described by the above-mentioned specific embodiment of the present invention, the most previously described mode is the most preferred, and the most restrictive meaning.
Claims (10)
- null1. a piston manometer calibrating apparatus，Including standard piston piezometer (15)、Pressure source (16)、First gate valve (11)、Second gate valve (12)、3rd gate valve (13)、Three-way valve (14) and pressure transducer (P)，Three ports of wherein said three-way valve (14) are respectively connecting to piston manometer to be calibrated (17)、Standard piston piezometer (15) and pressure transducer (P)，Described standard piston piezometer (15) and pressure transducer (P) can be connected by controlling described three-way valve (14)，Or connect described piston manometer to be calibrated (17) and pressure transducer (P)，Described standard piston piezometer (15) passes sequentially through described second gate valve (12) and connects with described pressure source (16) with the first gate valve (11)，Described piston manometer to be calibrated (17) passes sequentially through described 3rd gate valve (13) and connects with described pressure source (16) with the first gate valve (11).
- Piston manometer calibrating apparatus the most according to claim 1, wherein said first gate valve (11), the second gate valve (12), the 3rd gate valve (13) and three-way valve (14) are operated pneumatic valves.
- Piston manometer calibrating apparatus the most according to claim 2, wherein control described first gate valve (11), the second gate valve (12) and the opening and closing of the 3rd gate valve (13), and the switching that described three-way valve (14) is between described standard piston piezometer (15) and piston manometer to be calibrated (17) by electromagnetic valve.
- Piston manometer calibrating apparatus the most according to claim 1, the range of wherein said pressure transducer (P) is more than or equal to the range of described piston manometer to be calibrated (17).
- Piston manometer calibrating apparatus the most according to claim 1, the high magnitude of calibration accuracy needed for piston manometer to be calibrated (17) described in the resolution ratio of wherein said pressure transducer (P).
- Piston manometer calibrating apparatus the most according to claim 1, wherein said pressure transducer (P) is with computer communication interface.
- 7. utilize a piston manometer assay calibration method for piston manometer calibrating apparatus according to any one of claim 1-6, comprise the following steps:Step 1: according to the base measuring pressure value chosen, at standard piston piezometer (15) upper loading counterbalance mass ms, at described piston manometer to be calibrated (17) upper loading counterbalance mass mt；Step 2: open the first gate valve (11) and the second gate valve (12), makes the piston of standard piston piezometer (15) rise to operating position, is then shut off the second gate valve (12)；Step 3: open described 3rd gate valve (13), makes the piston of piston manometer to be calibrated (17) rise to operating position, is then shut off described 3rd gate valve (13)；Step 4: operate described three-way valve (14) so that described pressure transducer (P) connects with described standard piston piezometer (15), records force value p of described pressure transducer (P)s；Step 5: operate described three-way valve (14) so that described pressure transducer (P) connects with described piston manometer to be calibrated (17), records force value p of described pressure transducer (P)t；Step 6: calculated the effective area of described piston manometer to be calibrated (17) by below equation (3):Wherein, AsBeing the effective area of described standard piston piezometer (15), k is the linear coefficient of described pressure transducer (P).
- Piston manometer assay calibration method the most according to claim 7, is wherein repeated several times described step 4 and step 5, and based on force value p repeatedly recorded in described formula (3)sMeansigma methods and force value p that repeatedly recordstMeansigma methods calculate.
- Piston manometer assay calibration method the most according to claim 7, wherein k is equal to 1.
- Piston manometer assay calibration method the most according to claim 7, wherein by formula (3) described in correction factor correction.
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| CN106644264A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-10 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Calibration connection device for ocean pressure sensor |
| CN108692861A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-10-23 | 上海市计量测试技术研究院 | A kind of calibrating installation and Calculate Ways for piston gage |
| CN109458381A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-12 | 尚廷东 | A kind of hydraulic loading device of included standard force source |
| CN113029433A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-25 | 江南大学 | Pressure control system and method for gas medium for pressure instrument measurement accuracy detection |
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| CN117472107A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-01-30 | 湖南省计量检测研究院 | Control method for balance working position of piston type pressure gauge |
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