CN105822609A - Temperature-difference-energy-drive ocean profile moving and power generating system with speed regulating valve - Google Patents
Temperature-difference-energy-drive ocean profile moving and power generating system with speed regulating valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN105822609A CN105822609A CN201610286473.1A CN201610286473A CN105822609A CN 105822609 A CN105822609 A CN 105822609A CN 201610286473 A CN201610286473 A CN 201610286473A CN 105822609 A CN105822609 A CN 105822609A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
- F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
Abstract
The invention discloses a temperature-difference-energy-drive ocean profile moving and power generating system with a speed regulating valve. The temperature-difference-energy-drive ocean profile moving and power generating system comprises phase change cavities, phase change hydraulic oil bags arranged in the phase change cavities, an energy accumulator connected with the phase change hydraulic oil bags through an oil outlet way, an outer oil bag connected with the energy accumulator through an oil inlet way provided with a sequence valve and a reversing valve, an inner oil bag connected with the outer oil bag through a first oil return way provided with a sequence valve and a reversing valve, and a power generation device. The phase change liquid oil bags are connected with the inner oil bag through a second oil return way provided with a one-way valve. The reversing valve on the first oil return way and the sequence valve on the oil inlet way are controlled by the outer oil bag. The sequence valve on the first oil return way is controlled by the energy accumulator. The reversing valve on the oil inlet way is controlled by the inner oil bag. The temperature-difference-energy-drive ocean profile moving and power generating system can float and sink by means of the temperature difference of seawater; and the system is exquisite in design, does not need to be controlled by any electromagnetic valves, does not consume electric energy and can generate power, external control is not needed, the service life of the system is prolonged, and the reliability of the system is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ocean profile motion and electricity generation system, the thermal gradient energy of a kind of band flow speed control valve drives ocean profile motion and electricity generation system.
Background technology
Ocean profile sports equipment is the important tool that people studied and detected ocean.For needing the monitoring device worked in ocean constantly for a long time, it is the most all the power supply mode using lithium battery, but the energy consumption of lithium battery has quite a few for the driving of equipment and control, greatly reduces the service life of section sports equipment.Having had application thermal gradient energy to drive and electricity generation system at present, the control of equipment moving is completed by it by electromagnetic valve, but the energy consumption of electromagnetic valve tens watts is the most excessive for this section sports equipment the most on duty in ocean.On the other hand, sufficient oceanographic observation data are the essential conditions that people deeply recognize ocean, and profile monitoring equipment traditionally is limited by battery electric quantity cannot improve section times of exercise.Finally, the motion of profile monitoring equipment is general is all carried out electrical control by single-chip microcomputer, once occurs problem will cause equipment fault, reduces the reliability of equipment.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for existing ocean profile motor system defect in control mode and energy consumption, propose a kind of simple for structure, reliable energy-saving thermal gradient energy with TRT and drive ocean profile motor system.
The thermal gradient energy of a kind of band flow speed control valve drives ocean profile motion and electricity generation system, including:
It is contained with solid-liquid phase change material and seals the phase transformation cavity of liquid；
The phase-transition liquid force feed capsule of liquid cladding is sealed in being arranged on phase transformation cavity；
By the accumulator being connected with described phase-transition liquid force feed capsule with the vent line of check valve；
By the outer oil sac being connected with described accumulator with the in-line of sequence valve, reversal valve；
By the interior oil sac being connected with described outer oil sac with the first oil return line of sequence valve, reversal valve；
Described phase-transition liquid force feed capsule is connected with interior oil sac by the second oil return line with check valve；
Described outer oil sac and phase transformation cavity are located at outside an annular seal space, and remaining part and oil circuit are all located in this annular seal space；
Reversal valve on described first oil return line, the sequence valve on in-line are controlled by described outer oil sac；
Sequence valve on described first oil return line is controlled by described accumulator；Reversal valve on described in-line is controlled by interior oil sac；
And TRT.
In technical scheme, carrying TRT in system, save external power supply, the suitability is higher.
As preferably, described TRT includes:
By the auxiliary oil sac being connected with described accumulator with the generating in-line of three reversal valves, motor and check valve successively；
The generator unit being connected with motor output end；
Described auxiliary oil sac is connected with described phase-transition liquid force feed capsule by the oil circuit with check valve；
Two reversal valves on described generating in-line are controlled by described outer oil sac, remain a reversal valve and are controlled by described interior oil sac.
As preferably, described in-line is provided with choke valve, and described first oil return line also is provided with choke valve；The generating in-line of described motor inlet is provided with flow speed control valve.
As preferably, described generator unit includes electromotor, DC-DC module, charge management module and the lithium battery group set gradually with motor.
In the present invention:
It is normal closed gate by the reversal valve on the generating in-line that oil sac controls, only disconnects when oil sac pressure is more than the spring force of this reversal valve；It is normally opened valve by the sequence valve on the in-line that oil sac controls, the only Guan Bi when oil sac pressure is more than the pressure of this sequence valve；
Being normal closed gate by two reversal valves that outer oil sac controls one, one is normally opened valve, and when oil sac pressure meets a certain interval (less than the spring force of this normal closed gate, more than the spring force of this normally opened valve) the most outside, both are closed at；Being normal closed gate by the reversal valve on the first oil return line that outer oil sac controls, oil sac pressure disconnects more than during the spring force of this reversal valve the most outside；
It is normally opened valve by the sequence valve on the first oil return line that accumulator controls, the only Guan Bi when the pressure of accumulator is more than the spring pressure of this sequence valve.
In the present invention, valve Guan Bi refers to that fluid can circulate this valve, and valve disconnects and refers to that fluid cannot circulate this valve；The valve state when only spring-loaded that refers to normally opened, normally closed, normally closed refers to that fluid can circulate this valve, normally opened refers to that fluid cannot circulate this valve.
During system motion, assume that there is upper limit site, uniform descent point, at the uniform velocity rising point and lower limit site from top to bottom；It is arranged as required to the generate electricity interval upper limit and generating interval limit simultaneously.
For running system:
In equipment running process, equipment sequence valve in upper limit site, the first oil return line closes under accumulator control, disconnects when arriving lower limit site；Reversal valve on first oil return line disconnects when motor system drops to uniform descent point, closes when motor system rises to uniform descent point；Sequence valve on in-line closes when motor system drops at the uniform velocity rising point, rise at the uniform velocity rising point time disconnect；Reversal valve on in-line breaks to uniform descent point process in upper limit site, closes when lower limit site；
For TRT part:
When equipment declines, auxiliary oil sac pressure is relatively big, and the reversal valve controlled by auxiliary oil sac disconnects, and generating in-line disconnects；When equipment rises, auxiliary oil sac pressure is less, the pilot operated directional control valve controlled by auxiliary oil sac closes, when rising to interval (as shown in figure 12) lower limit of generating, the normal closed gate Guan Bi that outer oil sac controls is (time under the interval limit that generates electricity, outer oil sac pressure is more than this valve spring force, this valve is disconnected always), rise to generate electricity the interval upper limit time, the normally opened valve that outer oil sac controls disconnects (time under the interval upper limit of generating, outer oil sac pressure is more than this valve spring force, and this valve is closed always).
As preferably, hexadecane that described solid-liquid phase change material selects phase transition temperature to be 18.2 DEG C or the temperature sensitive hydrogel that phase transition temperature is 18 ± 2 DEG C.Change in volume 8%-10% when its phase transition temperature is in solid-liquid phase change between upper ocean water and bottom seawater temperature, when phase-change material is hexadecane, seal liquid and select water, the produced space of solidification is filled up by water during phase-change material solidification shrinkage, hexadecane density is less than water, and therefore phase-transition liquid force feed capsule is arranged on the downside of phase transformation cavity；When phase-change material is temperature-sensitive hydrogel, sealing liquid selects freezing point to be the n-dodecane of-9.6 DEG C, being filled up the produced space of solidification by n-dodecane during phase-change material solidification shrinkage, temperature-sensitive hydrogel density is more than n-dodecane, and therefore phase-transition liquid force feed capsule is arranged on the upside of phase transformation cavity.As further preferred, that described solid-liquid phase change material selects phase transition temperature to be 18.2 DEG C hexadecane；Seal liquid and select water.
In the present invention, each self control function of choke valve on sequence valve, reversal valve and this oil circuit on in-line is separate, and its order of connection on in-line, without being strict with, can determine according to actual needs；Same, the choke valve order of connection on sequence valve, reversal valve and this oil circuit on the first oil return line is also without being strict with；In generating in-line, three reversal valve orders are also without being strict with；It is as the criterion meeting functional realiey.
As preferably, the sequence valve on described in-line, on the first oil return line is external control type sequence valve, all by the hydraulic control of peripheral hardware；Reversal valve on described in-line, on the first oil return line, in generating in-line all can use hydraulic control stop change valve.The outer governor pressure of sequence valve is relatively big, can be to tens MPa, and the control pressure of hydraulic control stop change valve typically still can bear the pressure of tens MPa at several bar to several MPa, can select as required and set.
As preferably, on described in-line, on the first oil return line, generating in-line sequence valve, reversal valve, spring pre compressed magnitude the most adjustable.And it is all good according to the depth of water range regulation laid before equipment lays.
As preferably, described interior oil sac outsourcing is with sealing cavity, seals and is filled with nitrogen between cavity inner wall and interior oil sac outer wall, and nitrogen pressure changes with interior oil sac volume.The aeration quantity of nitrogen meets: after the fluid of outer oil sac enters interior oil sac, the pressure of interior oil sac is more than the spring force of the first reversal valve；After interior oil sac fluid has been absorbed by phase-transition liquid force feed capsule, the pressure of interior oil sac is less than the spring force of the first reversal valve.
As preferably, described auxiliary oil sac outsourcing is with sealing cavity, seals and is filled with nitrogen between cavity inner wall and auxiliary oil sac outer wall, and nitrogen pressure changes with auxiliary oil sac volume.The aeration quantity of nitrogen meets: phase-transition liquid force feed capsule is after auxiliary oil sac and interior oil sac imbibition thoroughly, auxiliary oil sac pressure is equal to now interior oil sac pressure (this measure is to ensure that auxiliary oil sac and interior oil sac all can be for phase-transition liquid force feed capsule fuel feeding), and from the fluid amount assisting oil sac entrance phase-transition liquid force feed capsule equal to entering the fluid amount assisting oil sac during generating from accumulator.
As preferably, the spring force setting value of the sequence valve on described first oil return line is slightly below the pressure of accumulator after solid-liquid phase change material melts completely (if spring force setting value is the lowest, when then energy storage pressure is the lowest, equipment just sinks, and accumulator cannot be to outer oil sac topping up at minimum point to cause equipment；If spring force setting value is the highest, then energy storage pressure is not opened the sequence valve on this oil circuit, and equipment cannot move)；Slightly larger than the force value of outer oil sac at equipment section motion peak, (spring force so arranges the reversal valve that can make at peak on this oil circuit and opens the spring force setting value of the reversal valve on described first oil return line, equipment declines several meters of rear spring power equal to until less than outer oil sac pressure, the reversal valve on this oil circuit progressively closes off).The spring force setting value of the sequence valve on described in-line is slightly less than the force value of outer oil sac at equipment section motion minimum point, and (spring force so arranges the spring force that at minimum point outer oil sac pressure can be made more than this sequence valve, and this sequence valve turns on.If equipment does not drop to close to minimum point simultaneously, this sequence valve is obstructed, equipment continues to decline), the spring force setting value of the reversal valve on described in-line is slightly above the force value of interior oil sac after solid-liquid phase change material total condensation is shunk, and (spring force so arranges and can ensure that solid-liquid phase change material almost total condensation, interior oil sac and auxiliary oil sac fluid enter phase-transition liquid force feed capsule to greatest extent, melt for subsequent cycle phase-change material and produce high pressure preparatory condition).
As preferably, the reversal valve spring force setting value size on generating in-line that interior oil sac controls after solid-liquid phase change material total condensation is shunk in the force value of oil sac and the fluid of outer oil sac enter to greatest extent after interior oil sac between oil sac force value；As further preferably, the reversal valve spring force setting value on generating in-line that interior oil sac controls be after solid-liquid phase change material total condensation is shunk in force value and the fluid of outer oil sac of oil sac enter in after interior oil sac the average of oil sac force value to greatest extent (because interior oil sac pressure is higher when equipment declines, therefore in the disconnection of this valve of equipment decline stage；When equipment rises, interior oil sac pressure is minimum, therefore the conducting of this valve of ascent stage).As preferably, two reversal valve Median Functions that generating in-line is controlled by outer oil sac are contrary, and both spring force setting values differ, and because when oil sac pressure is between above-mentioned two spring force setting values in addition, two valves simultaneously turn on, during other pressure, one leads to and closes.Above three hydraulic control stop change valve all turns on i.e. equipment at ascent stage and when being within a certain depth intervals, working connection conducting and start generating.
Owing on oil return line, pressure reduction is less, therefore on oil return line, choke valve is conventional throttle valve；On in-line, pressure reduction is higher, and as preferably, described choke valve is precise throttling valve.
In the present invention, in phase-transition liquid force feed capsule and accumulator, it is hydraulic oil.Accumulator may select diaphragm accumulator or bladder type hydropneumatic accumulator.Wherein sealing between liquid and hydraulic oil and cut off by hydraulic pressure oil sac, phase-transition liquid force feed capsule is arranged on phase transformation cavity by sealing ring, and its sealing means is that static seal has better seal performance compared with traditional movable sealing in the form of piston.
In the present invention, phase-transition liquid force feed capsule is arranged in phase transformation cavity, and the rest in phase transformation cavity is filled solid-liquid phase change material and seals liquid, and outer oil sac, phase transformation cavity expose in the seawater, within other parts and pipeline are sealed in annular seal space；At vent line and in-line, phase-transition liquid force feed capsule connects accumulator by check valve, and accumulator is connected with the sequence valve of in-line, and on in-line, sequence valve is connected with hydraulic control stop change valve, and hydraulic control stop change valve is connected with outer oil sac by precise throttling valve；At generating in-line, accumulator connects flow speed control valve by three hydraulic control stop change valves, and flow speed control valve connects fixed displacement motor, and the fluid of motor returns auxiliary oil sac by check valve；At the first oil return line and the second oil return line, outer oil sac is connected with external control type sequence valve by choke valve, and external control type sequence valve connects interior oil sac by hydraulic control cut-off reversal valve, and interior oil sac is connected with phase-transition liquid force feed capsule by the second oil return line with check valve；In generating oil return line, auxiliary oil sac connects phase-transition liquid force feed capsule by check valve；At oil circuit control: accumulator connects back to the control chamber of external control type sequence valve on oil circuit, the hydraulic fluid port of outer oil sac connects the control chamber of hydraulic control stop change valve on chamber, oil return line that controls of external control type sequence valve on in-line and controls chamber with 2 hydraulic control stop change valves on generating in-line, and interior oil sac hydraulic fluid port connects the control chamber of in-line hydraulic control stop change valve and controls chamber with 1 hydraulic control stop change valve on generating in-line.
In the present invention, " first " " second " that relate to is only used for distinguishing two or more parts or oil circuit, and with order etc., the function of these parts or oil circuit is not the most limited effect.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the present invention is as follows:
In the present invention, solid-liquid phase change material is expanded to system by the thawing of the solidification shrinkage in deep-water low-temperature district Yu shallow water high-temperature region and provides power resources, accumulator stores energy and carries out the release of energy under the control of hydraulic valve, the control of hydraulic valve uses outer oil sac oil pressure produced by internal system oil pressure and external water pressure completely, it is not required to Electric control, simultaneously because the accumulator high pressure that material melts produces sinks automatically to equipment during setting value, the material interior oil sac low pressure that causes of condensation floats automatically to equipment after setting value, it is based entirely on self-condition motion to be made without being manually set, take full advantage of thermal gradient energy, improve odd-numbered day times of exercise to greatest extent.In addition equipment can also utilize remaining accumulator energy to generate electricity in certain depth intervals of floating-upward process, makes sent out voltage stabilization be easy to store by the use of flow speed control valve.Deft design of the present invention, thermal gradient energy utilization rate is high, it is not necessary to any electromagnetic valve is controlled, it is not necessary to power consumption and generating electricity, it is not necessary to outside manual control, improves life-span and the reliability of equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the energy-saving thermal gradient energy with TRT of the present invention drives ocean profile motor system schematic diagram.
System mode schematic diagram when Fig. 2 is for being in range of movement upper.
Fig. 3 is system mode schematic diagram when outer oil sac imbibition.
Fig. 4 at the uniform velocity sinks view for system after outer oil sac imbibition.
System mode schematic diagram when Fig. 5 is for dropping to generating interval.
System mode schematic diagram when Fig. 6 departs from generating interval for declining.
System mode schematic diagram when Fig. 7 is for dropping to minimum point.
Fig. 8 is to system mode schematic diagram during outer oil sac topping up.
Fig. 9 is for floating up at the uniform velocity system mode schematic diagram after rising point.
System mode schematic diagram when Figure 10 is at the uniform velocity to float up to generate electricity interval.
System mode schematic diagram when Figure 11 departs from generating interval for floating
Figure 12 is that equipment is at marine arrangement schematic diagram.
In above-mentioned accompanying drawing:
1, phase transformation cavity；2, solid-liquid phase change material；3, phase-transition liquid force feed capsule；4, liquid is sealed；5, the annular seal space of oil sac is assisted；6, auxiliary oil sac；7, check valve；8, check valve；9, the sealing cavity of interior oil sac；10, interior oil sac；11, check valve；12, outer oil sac；13, permanent magnet synchronous DC electromotor；14, shaft coupling；15, hydraulic motor；16, flow speed control valve；17, stop change valve；18, stop change valve；19, stop change valve；20, external control type sequence valve；21a, generating in-line；21b, generating oil return line；22, check valve；23, accumulator；24, hydraulic oil；25, stop change valve；26, choke valve；27, choke valve；28, external control type sequence valve；29, stop change valve；30a, the first oil return line；30b, the second oil return line；31, vent line；32, in-line.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of energy-saving thermal gradient energy with TRT of the present invention drives ocean profile motor system to include: phase transformation cavity 1, phase-transition liquid force feed capsule 3, auxiliary oil sac annular seal space 5, auxiliary oil sac 6, check valve 7, check valve 8, interior oil sac seals cavity 9, interior oil sac 10, check valve 11, outer oil sac 12, permanent magnet synchronous DC electromotor 13, shaft coupling 14, hydraulic motor 15, flow speed control valve 16, stop change valve 17, stop change valve 18, stop change valve 19, external control type sequence valve 20, check valve 22, accumulator 23, stop change valve 25, choke valve 26, choke valve 27, external control type sequence valve 28, stop change valve 29；And the oil circuit that these parts are connected: vent line 31, in-line the 32, first oil return line 30a, the second oil return line 30b, generating in-line 21a, generating oil return line 21b and a plurality of oil circuit control.
In Fig. 1, phase transformation cavity 1 is two.Phase-transition liquid force feed capsule 3 is arranged in phase transformation cavity 1, rest in phase transformation cavity 1 is filled solid-liquid phase change material 2 and seals liquid 4, phase-transition liquid force feed capsule 3 is surrounded by sealing liquid 4, and outer oil sac 12, phase transformation cavity 1 expose in the seawater, within other parts and pipeline are sealed in sealing cavity；
In the present invention, external control type sequence valve and stop change valve all use hydraulically-controlled type structure, are changed the control realized its duty by the fluid pressure of peripheral hardware.
Relation between each parts and each oil circuit is as follows:
Following vent line 31, in-line the 32, first oil return line 30a, the second oil return line 30b constitute the working connection of motor system:
Vent line 31: phase-transition liquid force feed capsule 3 connects accumulator 23 by check valve 22；
In-line 32: accumulator 23 connects external control type sequence valve 20, external control type sequence valve 20 is connected with hydraulic control stop change valve 25, and hydraulic control stop change valve 25 connects outer oil sac 12 by precise throttling valve 26；External control type sequence valve 20 and hydraulic control stop change valve 25, precise throttling valve 26 on in-line 32 relative ranks need not strictly control, can adjust as required；
First oil return line 30a: outer oil sac 12 is connected with external control type sequence valve 28 by choke valve 27, external control type sequence valve 28 connects interior oil sac 10 by hydraulic control cut-off reversal valve 29；Choke valve 27, external control type sequence valve 28, the hydraulic control cut-off reversal valve 29 order that is mounted opposite on the first oil return line 30a the most strictly limit, and can adjust as required；
Second oil return line 30b: interior oil sac 10 is connected with phase-transition liquid force feed capsule 3 by check valve 8；
The main oil circuit of TRT be described below:
Generating in-line 21a: accumulator 23 is sequentially connected with 3 hydraulic control stop change valves 19, hydraulic control stop change valve 18, hydraulic control stop change valve 17, and hydraulic control stop change valve 17 connects hydraulic motor 15 by flow speed control valve 16；Hydraulic control stop change valve 19, hydraulic control stop change valve 18, hydraulic control stop change valve 17 relative installation on generating in-line 21a can adjust as required, it is not necessary to arranges in strict accordance with Fig. 1；Hydraulic motor 15 is connected with auxiliary oil sac 6 by check valve 11；
Generating oil return line 21b: auxiliary oil sac 6 is connected with phase-transition liquid force feed capsule 3 by the generating oil return line 21b with check valve 7 simultaneously, and this oil circuit is directly directly connected to the second oil return line 30b in motor system, it is possible to be separately provided；
The above-mentioned oil circuit related to, such as in-line 32, generating in-line 21a can be connected with in-line 32 by a pipeline simultaneously, it is possible to be separately provided pipeline；
Oil circuit control: accumulator 23 connects the control chamber of external control type sequence valve 28 on the first oil return line 30a, it is achieved the control to external control type sequence valve 28.Outer oil sac 12 connects the control chamber controlling hydraulic control stop change valve 29 on chamber, the first oil return line 30a of external control type sequence valve 20 on in-line 32 respectively, generate electricity upper two the hydraulic control stop change valves 17 of in-line 21a, the control chamber of hydraulic control stop change valve 18, it is achieved to external control type sequence valve 20, hydraulic control stop change valve 29, hydraulic control stop change valve 17, the control of hydraulic control stop change valve 18.Interior oil sac 10 1 tunnel connects the control chamber of hydraulic control stop change valve 25 on in-line 32, and another road connects the control chamber of hydraulic control stop change valve 19 on generating in-line 21a, it is achieved to hydraulic control stop change valve 25, the control of hydraulic control stop change valve 19.
Fixed displacement motor 15 connects permanent magnet synchronous DC electromotor 13 by shaft coupling 14, and the electric energy of generation is stored into lithium battery group by DC-DC module and charge management module (circuit).
Wherein:
The hexadecane that solid-liquid phase change material selects phase transition temperature to be 18.2 DEG C, its phase transition temperature is between upper ocean water and bottom seawater temperature, its solid Density 835Kg/m3, density of liquid phase is 770.1Kg/m3, change in volume 8% during solid-liquid phase change, seal liquid and select water, during phase-change material solidification, filled up the produced space of solidification by water；
Sealing and cut off by hydraulic pressure oil sac between liquid and hydraulic oil, hydraulic pressure oil sac is arranged on phase transformation chamber by sealing ring, and its sealing means is static seal, has better seal performance compared with traditional movable sealing in the form of piston.
Hydraulic control stop change valve 19, hydraulic control stop change valve 18 on hydraulic control stop change valve 25, generating in-line 21a on external control type sequence valve 20, in-line on hydraulic control cut-off reversal valve 29, in-line 32 on external control type sequence valve the 28, first oil return line 30a on first oil return line 30a, hydraulic control stop change valve 17 spring pre compressed magnitude is adjustable, and the depth of water range regulation that all basis lays before equipment lays is good.
Owing on the first oil return line 30a, pressure reduction is less, therefore on the first oil return line 30a, choke valve 27 is conventional throttle valve；On in-line 32, pressure reduction is higher, and the choke valve 26 on in-line 32 is the precise throttling valve with the highest throttling precision.
For check valve 7, auxiliary oil sac 6 pressure more than in phase-transition liquid force feed capsule 3 during pressure, one-way conduction, on the contrary disconnect；For check valve 8, when interior oil sac 10 pressure is more than phase-transition liquid force feed capsule 3 pressure, check valve 8 one-way conduction, otherwise disconnect；For check valve 11, when the valve on the in-line 21a that generates electricity all turn on and accumulator 23 pressure more than auxiliary oil sac 6 in pressure time, one-way conduction, on the contrary disconnect；For check valve 22, when phase-transition liquid force feed capsule 3 is more than pressure in accumulator 23, one-way conduction, otherwise disconnect.
Being nitrogen in the sealing cavity 9 of oil sac in parcel, nitrogen pressure changes with interior oil sac 10 volume.During design, after the aeration quantity of nitrogen should ensure that outer oil sac 12 fluid enters interior oil sac 10, interior oil sac 10 pressure is more than the spring force of hydraulic control stop change valve 25 on in-line 32；After interior oil sac 10 fluid is absorbed by phase-transition liquid force feed capsule 3, interior oil sac 10 pressure is less than the spring force of in-line hydraulic control stop change valve 25.
Auxiliary oil sac 6 outsourcing is with sealing cavity 5, seals and is filled with nitrogen between cavity 5 inwall and auxiliary oil sac 6 outer wall, and nitrogen pressure changes with auxiliary oil sac 6 volume.The aeration quantity of nitrogen meets: phase-transition liquid force feed capsule 3 is after auxiliary oil sac 6 and interior oil sac 10 imbibition thoroughly, auxiliary oil sac 6 pressure is equal to now interior oil sac 10 pressure (this measure is to ensure that auxiliary oil sac 6 and interior oil sac 10 all can be for phase-transition liquid force feed capsule 3 fuel feeding), and enters the fluid amount of auxiliary oil sac 6 when the fluid amount assisting oil sac 6 to enter phase-transition liquid force feed capsule 3 is equal to generating from accumulator 23.
On first oil return line 30a, the spring force setting value of external control type sequence valve 28 is slightly less than the pressure of accumulator 23 after phase-change material melts completely, on first oil return line 30a, the spring force setting value of hydraulic control cut-off reversal valve 29 is slightly larger than the force value of (upper limit correspondence position in Figure 12) outer oil sac 12 fluid at equipment section motion peak, on in-line 32, the spring force setting value of external control type sequence valve 20 is slightly less than the force value of (Figure 12 lower limit position correspondence position) outer oil sac 12 fluid at equipment section motion minimum point, the force value of oil sac 10 in the spring force setting value of hydraulic control stop change valve 25 is slightly above after phase-change material total condensation is shunk on in-line 32.
Stop change valve 19 spring force setting value on generating in-line 21a be after solid-liquid phase change material 2 total condensation is shunk in the force value of oil sac 10 and the fluid of outer oil sac 12 enter the average of oil sac 10 force value in after interior oil sac 10 to greatest extent.On generating in-line 21a, stop change valve 18 is contrary with stop change valve 17 Median Function, and stop change valve 18 spring force setting value is determined by the interval corresponding depth of water interval pressure that generates electricity more than stop change valve 17 spring force setting value, the size of both spring force setting values.
In the present invention, the sequence of movement of each valve is as shown in table 1:
Table 1 each valve events sequence list
In the present embodiment, the operation principle with the energy-saving thermal gradient energy driving ocean profile motor system of TRT is as follows:
First according to required motion depth bounds, equipment is carried out the physical restriction of upper bottom, as shown in figure 12: anchor block is fixed on seabed, between anchor block and buoyant material, is fixed with guiding hawser；The energy-saving thermal gradient energy with TRT of the present invention drives ocean profile motor system to slide on this hawser；Upper limit site and lower limit site is set according to actual requirement.
During original state, equipment is in positive buoyancy state and is limited in the upper limit of range of movement.Owing to equipment is in highest order, outer oil sac 12 pressure is less than external control type sequence valve 20 spring force setting value, spring force setting value less than hydraulic control stop change valve 18 spring force setting value and hydraulic control stop change valve 17, therefore external control type sequence valve 20 is closed, hydraulic control stop change valve 18 is in the conduction state, and hydraulic control stop change valve 17 is off；Owing to the spring force setting value of hydraulic control stop change valve 29 is slightly larger than being in outer oil sac 12 pressure of highest order, therefore hydraulic control stop change valve 29 turns on；Owing to now interior oil sac 10 fluid is minimum, pressure is less than the spring force setting value of hydraulic control stop change valve 25 spring force setting value with hydraulic control stop change valve 19, and therefore hydraulic control stop change valve 25 all turns on hydraulic control stop change valve 19, as shown in Figure 2.
Owing to shallow layer sea water temperature is higher than material phase transformation temperature, phase-change material 2 melts expansion boosting, therefore check valve 22 turns on, hydraulic oil in phase-transition liquid force feed capsule 3 is in check valve 22 topping up to accumulator 23, along with phase-change material 2 melts, accumulator 23 pressure gradually rises, when pressure is increased to the setting value of external control type sequence valve 28, external control type sequence valve 28 is opened, first oil return line 30a conducting, the fluid in outer oil sac 12 enters interior oil sac 10, and equipment becomes negative buoyancy force state from positive buoyancy state, equipment sinks, as shown in Figure 3.
Along with outer oil sac 12 oil sac 10 topping up inside, when interior oil sac 10 pressure is increased to the setting spring value of hydraulic control stop change valve 25, stop change valve 25 is closed；When interior oil sac 10 pressure is increased to the setting spring value of hydraulic control stop change valve 19, stop change valve 19 is closed；After sinking a small distance, when outer oil sac pressure is more than the spring force setting value of hydraulic control stop change valve 29, hydraulic control stop change valve 29 is closed, and the first oil return line 30a disconnects, and arrives uniform descent point, and equipment at the uniform velocity sinks, as shown in Figure 4.
Along with equipment at the uniform velocity sinks, when arriving generating interval (as shown in figure 12), hydraulic control stop change valve 17 turns on, but because hydraulic control stop change valve 19 is off, therefore generating in-line 21a still disconnects, as shown in Figure 5.
Along with equipment at the uniform velocity sinks, when sinking to departing from generating interval (as shown in figure 12), hydraulic control stop change valve 18 disconnects, as shown in Figure 6.
When equipment sinks to minimum point, owing to the spring force setting value of external control type sequence valve 20 is slightly less than the force value of outer oil sac 12 fluid at section motion minimum point, external control type sequence valve 20 turns on, as shown in Figure 7.
Because profundal zone water temperature is less than the phase transition temperature of phase-change material 2, phase-change material 2 condensation is shunk, vacuum is gradually produced in phase-transition liquid force feed capsule 3, it is phase-transition liquid force feed capsule 3 repairing with check valve 8 that the low pressure oil of auxiliary oil sac 6 and interior oil sac 10 passes through check valve 7 respectively, auxiliary oil sac 6 reduces with interior oil sac 10 pressure, when interior oil sac 10 oil pressure is down to the spring force setting value of hydraulic control stop change valve 19, hydraulic control stop change valve 19 turns on, when interior oil sac 10 oil pressure is down to the spring force setting value of hydraulic control stop change valve 25, hydraulic control stop change valve 25 turns on；Because external control type sequence valve 20 turns on, when therefore hydraulic control stop change valve 25 turns on, outer oil sac 12 topping up given by accumulator 23, and outer oil sac 12 volume increases, and equipment gradually floats；Draining the oil because of accumulator 23 causes pressure to reduce, and external control type sequence valve 28 disconnects, as shown in Figure 8.
Floating after little segment distance, when outer oil sac 12 pressure is less than the spring setting value of external control type sequence valve 20, external control type sequence valve 20 cuts out, and in-line is closed, and arrives at the uniform velocity rising point, and equipment at the uniform velocity floats, as shown in Figure 9.
Along with equipment at the uniform velocity floats, when arriving generating interval (as shown in figure 12), hydraulic control stop change valve 18 turns on, therefore generating in-line 21a conducting, hydraulic oil promotes hydraulic motor 15 to rotate, and owing to accumulator 23 fluid flows out, accumulator 23 pressure reduces, flow speed control valve 16 is automatically adjusted restriction size by detection restriction both sides pressure reduction, maintaining constant flow rate, motor is fixed displacement motor, therefore invariablenes turning speed, permanent magnet synchronous DC electromotor constant voltage generates electricity, as shown in Figure 10.
When departing from generating interval (as shown in figure 12) when floating, hydraulic control stop change valve 17 disconnects, and generating in-line 21a disconnects, as shown in figure 11.
Along with floating, outer oil sac 12 pressure reduces, float after uniform descent point (as shown in figure 12), when outer oil sac 12 pressure is less than the spring force of hydraulic control stop change valve 29, hydraulic control stop change valve 29 turns on, owing to now external control type sequence valve 28 still cuts out, first oil return line 30a is obstructed, equipment still floats until upper, as in figure 2 it is shown, so far a circulation completes.
The present invention need not any electromagnetic valve and is controlled, and saves electric energy；The thermal gradient energy that can utilize sea water floats sinking voluntarily；Can be according to ocean temperature adaptive change transformation time, phase transformation is floated immediately after completing or sinks, and greatly improves section times of exercise；In addition equipment generates electricity in certain section of interval floated and stores, and improves the service life of observation instrument；Controlling all directly from the oil pressure of fluid pressure line in the present invention, does not use traditional pressure transducer and control panel, provides cost savings and improve the reliability of system.
Claims (10)
1. the thermal gradient energy of a band flow speed control valve drives ocean profile motion and electricity generation system, it is characterised in that: including:
It is contained with solid-liquid phase change material and seals the phase transformation cavity of liquid；
The phase-transition liquid force feed capsule of liquid cladding is sealed in being arranged on phase transformation cavity；
By the accumulator being connected with described phase-transition liquid force feed capsule with the vent line of check valve；
By the outer oil sac being connected with described accumulator with the in-line of sequence valve, reversal valve；
By the interior oil sac being connected with described outer oil sac with the first oil return line of sequence valve, reversal valve；
Described phase-transition liquid force feed capsule is connected with interior oil sac by the second oil return line with check valve；
Described outer oil sac and phase transformation cavity are located at outside an annular seal space, and remaining part and oil circuit are all located in this annular seal space；
Reversal valve on described first oil return line, the sequence valve on in-line are controlled by described outer oil sac；Sequence valve on described first oil return line is controlled by described accumulator；Reversal valve on described in-line is controlled by interior oil sac；
And TRT.
The thermal gradient energy of band flow speed control valve the most according to claim 1 drives ocean profile motion and electricity generation system, it is characterised in that: described TRT includes:
By the auxiliary oil sac being connected with described accumulator with the generating in-line of three reversal valves, motor and check valve successively；
The generator unit being connected with motor output end；
Described auxiliary oil sac is connected with described phase-transition liquid force feed capsule by the generating oil return line with check valve；
Two reversal valves on described generating in-line are controlled by described outer oil sac, remain a reversal valve and are controlled by described interior oil sac.
3. drive ocean profile motion and electricity generation system according to the thermal gradient energy of the band flow speed control valve described in claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described in-line is provided with choke valve, and described first oil return line also is provided with choke valve；The generating in-line of described motor inlet is provided with flow speed control valve.
The thermal gradient energy of band flow speed control valve the most according to claim 2 drives ocean profile motion and electricity generation system, it is characterised in that: described generator unit includes electromotor, DC-DC module, charge management module and the lithium battery group set gradually with motor.
The thermal gradient energy of band flow speed control valve the most according to claim 1 and 2 drives ocean profile motion and electricity generation system, it is characterised in that: hexadecane that described solid-liquid phase change material selects phase transition temperature to be 18.2 DEG C or the temperature sensitive hydrogel that phase transition temperature is 18 ± 2 DEG C.
6. drive ocean profile motion and electricity generation system according to the thermal gradient energy of the band flow speed control valve described in claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described sequence valve is external control type sequence valve；Described reversal valve is hydraulic control stop change valve；Described sequence valve, reversal valve spring pre compressed magnitude the most adjustable.
The thermal gradient energy of band flow speed control valve the most according to claim 2 drives ocean profile motion and electricity generation system, it is characterised in that:
Described interior oil sac outsourcing is with sealing cavity, seals and is filled with nitrogen between cavity inner wall and interior oil sac outer wall, and the aeration quantity of nitrogen meets: after the fluid of outer oil sac enters interior oil sac, the pressure of interior oil sac is more than the spring force of the reversal valve on in-line；After interior oil sac fluid is absorbed thoroughly by phase-transition liquid force feed capsule, the pressure of interior oil sac is less than the spring force of the reversal valve on in-line；
Described auxiliary oil sac outsourcing is with sealing cavity, seal and be filled with nitrogen between cavity inner wall and auxiliary oil sac outer wall, the aeration quantity of nitrogen meets: phase-transition liquid force feed capsule is after auxiliary oil sac and interior oil sac imbibition thoroughly, auxiliary oil sac pressure is equal to now interior oil sac pressure, and from assisting oil sac to enter the fluid amount of phase-transition liquid force feed capsule equal to the fluid amount assisting oil sac when generating electricity from accumulator entrance.
The thermal gradient energy of band flow speed control valve the most according to claim 2 drives ocean profile motion and electricity generation system, it is characterised in that:
On described first oil return line: the spring force setting value of sequence valve is slightly below the pressure of accumulator after solid-liquid phase change material melts completely；The spring force setting value of reversal valve is slightly larger than the force value of outer oil sac at equipment section motion peak；
On described in-line: the spring force setting value of sequence valve is slightly less than the force value of outer oil sac at equipment section motion minimum point, the spring force setting value of reversal valve is slightly above the force value of interior oil sac after solid-liquid phase change material total condensation is shunk；
The reversal valve spring force setting value size on generating in-line that interior oil sac controls after solid-liquid phase change material total condensation is shunk in the force value of oil sac and the fluid of outer oil sac enter to greatest extent after interior oil sac between oil sac force value；
Two the reversal valve Median Functions controlled by outer oil sac on generating in-line are contrary, and both spring force setting values differ.
The thermal gradient energy of band flow speed control valve the most according to claim 3 drives ocean profile motion and electricity generation system, it is characterised in that on in-line, choke valve is precise throttling valve.
The thermal gradient energy of band flow speed control valve the most according to claim 1 and 2 drives ocean profile motion and electricity generation system, it is characterized in that, when phase-change material is hexadecane, sealing liquid is water, when phase-change material is temperature sensitive hydrogel, sealing liquid is n-dodecane.
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| CN108708836A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-26 | 浙江大学 | A kind of ocean profile sports equipment and its ocean thermal energy conversion device |
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| CN110905864A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-03-24 | 浙江大学 | Ocean profile motion platform based on ocean temperature difference energy drive and depth control |
| CN110905865A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-03-24 | 浙江大学 | Section motion platform based on ocean temperature difference energy driving and power generation control method thereof |
| CN111458578A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-07-28 | 天津大学 | Solid-liquid phase change based ocean temperature difference energy conversion process simulation test device and method |
| CN112664487A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-16 | 浙江大学 | Circulating type equal-ratio pressure-reducing high-voltage power generation device |
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