CN105822329B - A kind of construction method of support bracket, supporting construction and supporting construction - Google Patents
A kind of construction method of support bracket, supporting construction and supporting construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN105822329B CN105822329B CN201610309361.3A CN201610309361A CN105822329B CN 105822329 B CN105822329 B CN 105822329B CN 201610309361 A CN201610309361 A CN 201610309361A CN 105822329 B CN105822329 B CN 105822329B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
- E21D11/22—Clamps or other yieldable means for interconnecting adjacent arch members either rigidly, or allowing arch member parts to slide when subjected to excessive pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of tunnel construction more particularly to the construction methods of a kind of support bracket, supporting construction and supporting construction.The support bracket connected and composed is circuited sequentially including multiple supporting sections the present invention provides a kind of, the both ends of each supporting section are equipped with hole slot, adjacent supporting section is connected by first sleeve, first sleeve is the hollow circumferential direction sleeve that size and supporting section match, and the both ends of its forward and backward wall surface correspond to hole slot and are equipped with mounting hole；Second casing is by being similar to the circumferential sleeve of first sleeve and being symmetrically set in the cross molded cannula that two longitudinal sleeves at the forward and backward side wall center of circumferential sleeve constitute；Energy dissipating precracking is equipped in the middle part of the both ends of the circumferential left and right wall surface of sleeve；The supporting construction being made of first sleeve and the second sleeve combination, it is reasonable and easy for construction to design, can effectively suitable for surrounding rock large deformation, reduce the large deformation of tunnel part and invade limit risk, improve and just serve as a contrast supporting construction overall stability, save the subsequent punishment expense of engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to applying for technical field of tunnel construction more particularly to a kind of support bracket, supporting construction and supporting construction
A kind of work method, and in particular to supporting that can be improved Tunnel overall stability and be suitable for country rock large deformation section
The construction method of frame, supporting construction and supporting construction.
Background technique
In tunnel excavation work progress, if wall rock geology condition is poor, if country rock is weak or broken, to guarantee country rock
Stable and construction safety, tunnel mostly use a point construction method for step partial excavation, primary sequence are as follows: excavate top bar, just
Pneumatically placed concrete, be laid with steel mesh, set anchor pole, installation steel arch-shelf or grillage, it is multiple spray just branch concrete, step in excavation,
First pneumatically placed concrete is laid with steel mesh, sets anchor pole, installation steel arch-shelf or grillage, multiple spray just branch concrete, excavates and leaves office
Rank, first pneumatically placed concrete are laid with steel mesh, set anchor pole, installation steel arch-shelf or grillage, multiple spray just branch concrete, excavate simultaneously
Inverted arch is poured, trolley mould builds two linings.Just lined steel arch generallys use I-steel, the equal welded bands in I-steel linkage section end at this stage
Hole rectangular steel plates, and rectangular steel plates are bolted and I-steel is made to form an entirety.This method seems simple, feasible,
But during practice of construction, when splicing I-steel, especially in splicing, get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation I-steel when, step I-steel in Chang Yin
It deforms excessive and causes it cannot be perfectly aligned when splicing with I-steel of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, four bolt fixing holes are typically only capable to tightly originally
Gu one to two, the spliced globality of arch is poor.At this point, serious bias, suddenly raining cats and dogs or the factors such as excessive construction drilling depth
Pressure from surrounding rock can be caused excessive, because of intensity deficiency deflection deformation occurs for I-steel junction, and steel arch-shelf is in junction to tunnel
It is protruded in road and causes just to prop up and invade limit or steel arch-shelf and longitudinally occur deflection deformation along tunnel, the first branch depression of bearing force in tunnel, in turn
It may collapse, influence construction progress, while also be unfavorable for guaranteeing construction personnel's safety.
Therefore, it is necessary to improve to existing steel arch-shelf connection type, new section-steel support structure and construction are proposed
Method makes steel arch-shelf have certain load metamorphism coordination ability, certain self-deformation can occur when bearing capacity is excessive and discharge
Energy；Can guarantee the stability of section-steel support structure again simultaneously, i.e., the planar stability in tunnel excavation section with along tunnel
Excavate the spatial stability in direction；In addition, also should ensure that its construction quickly, conveniently.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
The rectangular steel plates with holes of its end welding are used the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve I-steel at this stage
It is attached and leads to the problem that steel arch-shelf splicing intensity is insufficient, overall stability is poor, easily led to just if pressure from surrounding rock is excessive
Branch invade limit or steel arch-shelf along tunnel longitudinal flexure deform, tunnel just branch depression of bearing force and collapse, influence construction progress with
Construction personnel's safety.
(2) technical solution
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of support bracket, which includes multiple circuit sequentially
It connects and circumferentially disposed supporting section, the both ends of each supporting section is equipped with hole slot, the two neighboring supporting section passes through
First sleeve connection, the hollow circumferential direction sleeve that the first sleeve matches for size and the supporting section, and described first
The both ends of the front face of casing and rear surface correspond to the hole slot and are equipped with mounting hole, the hole slot by connector with it is described
Mounting hole connection.
Wherein, the left wall face of the first sleeve and the both ends of right wall are equipped with energy dissipating precracking.
Wherein, the energy dissipating precracking is set in the middle part of the left wall face of the first sleeve and the both ends of right wall, and is
The crack extended to the left wall face and right wall center.
Wherein, the connector includes screw rod, nut and gasket, and the both ends of the screw rod sequentially pass through the first sleeve
The hole slot and the mounting hole on first sleeve rear surface of mounting hole, supporting section on front face, and pass through the gasket and nut
Fastening.
Wherein, the supporting section is I-steel or T-steel or U-shaped steel；The shape of the hole slot be ellipse or it is round or
It is rectangular；The shape of the mounting hole is round or rectangular.
The present invention also provides a kind of supporting construction, which includes multiple support brackets, two neighboring described
Support bracket is attached by the second casing and the longitudinally arranged supporting section, and second casing includes circumferential sleeve and right
Claim two longitudinal sleeves for being set to the circumferential sleeve front side wall and rear wall center, described two longitudinal sleeves and the circumferential direction
Sleeve is vertically arranged, and constitutes cross molded cannula.
Wherein, the length of the circumferential sleeve is not less than the length of the longitudinal sleeve；The section ruler of the circumferential direction sleeve
The very little sectional dimension with the circumferentially disposed supporting section matches, and the sectional dimension of the longitudinal sleeve is longitudinally arranged with described
The sectional dimension of supporting section match.
Wherein, the left side wall of the second casing circumferential direction sleeve and the both ends of right side wall are equipped with the energy dissipating precracking,
The front face of the circumferential direction sleeve and the both ends of rear surface correspond to the hole slot and are equipped with mounting hole；Described two longitudinal sleeves
Upper wall surface and lower wall surface correspond to the hole slot and be equipped with mounting hole, the hole slot passes through connector and the mounting hole connects
It connects.
The present invention also provides a kind of construction methods of supporting construction, include the following steps:
After the completion of S1, top bar arc leading pit excavate, first pneumatically placed concrete is successively carried out, steel mesh is laid with, sets anchor pole, frame
Vertical the first supporting Duan Yufu of circumferential direction sprays the construction of just branch concrete, can at circumferential first supporting section arranged on left and right sides spandrel in construction
It is supported using first sleeve or the second casing, and is connected second in two neighboring support bracket by longitudinally arranged supporting section
The longitudinal sleeve of casing；
Step in S2, left and right side dislocation excavation: it firstly, excavating step in left or right side, and successively carries out just spraying coagulation
Soil is laid with steel mesh and sets the construction of anchor pole；Secondly, performing the second casing at the haunch of left or right side, and pass through longitudinal direction
The supporting section of arrangement is connect with the longitudinal sleeve of the second casing in two neighboring support bracket；Then, circumferential second supporting section is erected
And end thereon and the lower end of circumferential first supporting section is made to pass through first sleeve or the second casing company in step S1 at spandrel
It connects, the lower end of circumferential second supporting section is connect with the circumferential sleeve upper end of the second casing at haunch；Finally, the multiple spray of construction is just
Branch concrete；
S3, construction method in step S2, the erection construction of the circumferential second supporting section in step residue side in completion are repeated；
S4, left and right side dislocation are excavated and are got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation: being got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation firstly, excavating left or right side, and successively carried out just spraying coagulation
Soil is laid with steel mesh and sets the construction of anchor pole；Secondly, perform first sleeve at the arch springing of left or right side, circumferential the is erected
Three supporting sections and make thereon end connect with the circumferential sleeve lower end of the second casing at haunch in step S2, lower end and arch springing
Locate first sleeve connection；Finally, construction is multiple to spray just branch concrete；
S5, repeat step S4 in construction method, complete get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation remaining side circumferential direction third supporting section erection construction；
S6, it excavates inverted arch: firstly, excavating inverted arch, erecting circumferential 4th supporting section, make the both ends point of circumferential 4th supporting section
It is not connect with the first sleeve at arch springing in step S4 and step S5, and then makes support bracket closure cyclization, and according to design data
It is laid with two lining steel meshes；Then, one-piece casting inverted arch concrete completes the excavation supporting of the section.
Wherein, in step S2 and step S3, the middle step lags the top bar certain distance and carries out excavation supporting；
In step S4 and step S5, described get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation lags the middle step certain distance progress excavation supporting；In step s 6, institute
It states certain distance of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation described in inverted arch lag and carries out excavation supporting.
(3) beneficial effect
Above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention has the advantages that the present invention provides a kind of support bracket, the support bracket includes
It is multiple circuit sequentially connection and circumferentially disposed supporting section, the both ends of each supporting section be equipped with hole slot, two neighboring supporting section
It is connected by first sleeve, first sleeve is the hollow circumferential direction sleeve that size and supporting section match, and before first sleeve
The both ends of wall surface and rear surface correspond to hole slot and are equipped with mounting hole, and hole slot is connect by connector with mounting hole；Second casing
For by the circumferential sleeve for being similar to first sleeve and two longitudinal sleeves for being symmetrically set in circumferential sleeve front side wall and rear wall center
The cross molded cannula that cylinder is constituted, size is matched with supporting section and the end of vertical, circumferential sleeve is equipped with mounting hole, passes through second
The multiple adjacent supporting sections of casing connection and constitute supporting construction.First sleeve and the second casing in the application and combinations thereof structure
At supporting construction, simple structure and reasonable design and easy for construction；When pressure from surrounding rock is uprushed, the hole slot and circumferential direction of supporting section
The energy dissipating precracking of sleeve can be provided for supporting section certain deformation allow pressure space；When not up to allow pressure the upper limit when, supporting section is not
Can be deformed destruction at first；When reach allow the pressure upper limit when, first sleeve and the second casing can share part rock confining pressure power, and logical
The longitudinal drag effect for crossing the second casing, make support bracket will not occur obvious differential settlement or tunnel cross-section inner bending it is prominent or
The deformation of tunnel longitudinal flexure；The supporting construction of support bracket and its composition effectively weakens single casing and its stitching portion supporting section
Deformation a possibility that reducing the large deformation of tunnel part, invade limit and unstability collapsing, while improving the monolithic stability of supporting construction
Property, make preliminary bracing structure more secure and reliable, saves the increased engineered treatment expense because invading limit, unstability collapsing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of first sleeve in a kind of supporting construction of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of first sleeve and the specific connection type of supporting section in a kind of supporting construction of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of first sleeve and the specific connection type of supporting section in a kind of supporting construction of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the second casing in a kind of support bracket of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the second casing and the specific connection type of supporting section in a kind of support bracket of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 6 is the sectional view of the second casing and the specific connection type of supporting section in a kind of support bracket of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is a kind of integral assembling figure of supporting construction embodiment one of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the front view of Fig. 7；
Fig. 9 is a kind of integral assembling figure of supporting construction embodiment two of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the front view of Fig. 9；
Figure 11 to Figure 16 is a kind of construction procedure schematic diagram of supporting construction embodiment two of the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 1,7: first sleeve；2: the second casings；3: circumferential first supporting section；4: circumferential second supporting section；5: longitudinal
Supporting section；6: circumferential third supporting section；8: circumferential 4th supporting section；13,17: hole slot；10,12: mounting hole；11: energy dissipating presplitting
Seam；14: screw rod；15: nut；16: gasket；101: anchor pole；102: Core Soil.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people
Member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is worth noting that the supporting section in the application is I-steel or T-steel or U-shaped steel, in the present embodiment, with work
It is illustrated for word steel:
Particularly, in the present embodiment, the length direction along tunnel is longitudinally referred to, opposite, circumferential direction refers to edge
The direction in tunnel cross section (arcuate surface).As shown in Fig. 1 to Figure 16, a kind of support bracket provided in an embodiment of the present invention, packet
Include it is multiple circuit sequentially connection and circumferentially disposed supporting section, i.e., multiple supporting sections surround support bracket, the both ends of each supporting section
It is equipped with hole slot 13, two neighboring supporting section is connected by first sleeve 1 or first sleeve 7, first sleeve 1 and first sleeve 7
The hollow circumferential direction sleeve to match for size and supporting section, wherein size matching refer to supporting section can be put into first sleeve 1 and
In first sleeve 7；Specifically, in the present embodiment, section of the sectional dimension of first sleeve 1 and first sleeve 7 than supporting section
Big 2~the 3mm of size；And the both ends of the front face and rear surface of first sleeve 1 and first sleeve 7 correspond to the hole slot in supporting section
13 are equipped with mounting hole, and oval 13 lower end of hole slot is connect by connector with mounting hole 10；Specifically, by the end of supporting section
Portion protrudes into first sleeve 1 or first sleeve 7, is fixedly connected with the two by connector.First sleeve 1 in the application and
7 simple structure and reasonable design of sleeve and easy for construction, using effect is good, when pressure from surrounding rock is uprushed, the hole slot of supporting section with
The energy dissipating precracking of circumferential sleeve can be provided for supporting section certain deformation allow pressure space；When not up to allow pressure the upper limit when, supporting
Duan Buhui deforms destruction at first；When reach allow pressure the upper limit when, first sleeve 1 and first sleeve 7 can share part rock confining pressure
Power helps to improve the overall stability of supporting construction a possibility that reducing the large deformation of tunnel part, invade limit and unstability collapsing.
Particularly, the definition of the front and rear, left and right wall surface of first sleeve is illustrated, is antetheca with appended drawing reference 12
Face is upper surface with appended drawing reference 11, specific as shown in Figure 1；Wherein, supporting section is set to first sleeve 1 or first sleeve 7
Front and back wall surface between, on the other hand, two sides of front and back wall surface are left and right wall surface.Specifically, the front and back of first sleeve
Wall surface and left and right wall surface are with the center symmetric setting of casing；I.e. the front face of first sleeve is as rear surface structure, left wall
Face is as right wall structure.
Further, first sleeve 1 and 7 left wall face of first sleeve and the both ends of right wall are equipped with energy dissipating precracking 11,
Preferably, energy dissipating precracking 11 is set in the middle part of first sleeve 1 and 7 left wall face of first sleeve and the both ends of right wall, and for towards
The crack that first sleeve 1 and 7 left wall face of first sleeve and right wall center extend.Specifically, in the present embodiment, energy dissipating presplitting
The top width of seam 11 is 1cm, depth 3cm.By be arranged energy dissipating precracking 11, can reduce to a certain extent first sleeve by
The rock confining pressure power arrived, to improve the stability of entire support bracket；In addition, energy dissipating precracking 11 is set to first sleeve 1 or the
The middle part of the inside and outside side wall of sleeve 7, the decompression effect of energy dissipation played are best.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, connector includes screw rod 14, nut 15 and gasket 16, and the both ends of screw rod 14 are from outer
To the interior mounting hole sequentially passed through on 7 front face of first sleeve 1 or first sleeve, hole slot 13 and first sleeve 1 in supporting section
Or the mounting hole on 7 rear surface of first sleeve, and fastened by gasket 16 and nut 15.Wherein, mounting hole is through antetheca
Face and rear surface.
Preferably, screw rod 14 is the high-strength bolt 14 of Ф 15.This type of attachment, structure is simple, easy for construction, and fixed
Effect is good, is conducive to save the construction time, improves the efficiency of installation support bracket.
Specifically, the shape of hole slot is that ellipse is round or rectangular；Preferably, in the present embodiment, hole slot 13 is ellipse
Round hole, wherein oval 13 long axis of hole slot is 50mm, short axle 20mm.
Specifically, the shape of mounting hole is round or rectangular.Preferably, in the present embodiment, mounting hole 10 or 12 is
Round hole, wherein circular mounting bore dia is 18mm.
Particularly, hole slot 13 should be selected with the size of mounting hole 10 or 12 according to the progress of specific implementation condition is corresponding.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, circumferential supporting section is I20 I-steel.It is worth noting that first in the application
Casing 1, first sleeve 7 and the second casing 2 are not limited to connection I-steel, it can also be used to which T-steel, U-shaped steel can be used as propping up
Protect other type steel of section.
The present invention also provides a kind of supporting construction, which includes multiple support brackets, and two neighboring support bracket is logical
The second casing 2 and the connection of longitudinally arranged supporting section 5 are crossed, before the second casing 2 includes circumferential sleeve and is symmetrically set in circumferential sleeve
Side wall and two longitudinal sleeves at rear wall center, two longitudinal sleeves are vertically arranged with circumferential sleeve, constitute cross molded cannula；
Specifically, the both ends of longitudinally arranged supporting section 5 connect with the longitudinal sleeve in the second casing 2 on two neighboring support bracket respectively
It connects.
By the second casing 2 for being arranged in the application certain deformation can be provided and allow pressure space when pressure from surrounding rock is uprushed,
Do not reach before allowing the pressure upper limit, supporting section itself will not deformation failure；If pressure from surrounding rock uprush it is excessive, more than allow pressure the upper limit, ring
Start to become to the supporting section (convenient for statement, " circumferentially disposed supporting section " is referred to as " circumferential supporting section " hereinafter) of arrangement
Shape, circumferential supporting section act on circumferential sleeve and screw rod 14 in first sleeve 1 and the second casing 2 first, pass through circumferential supporting
The oval hole slot and energy dissipating precracking of section carry out preliminary deformation and allow pressure；In addition, the trend deformed in the oriented hole of the second casing 2,
And the longitudinally arranged supporting section of adjacent support bracket is connected at this time (in the present embodiment, " longitudinally arranged supporting section " is with longitudinal direction
It is illustrated for supporting section 5) pressure from surrounding rock that second casing 2 is born is passed into adjacent support bracket, and then decomposed one
Part pressure from surrounding rock；Simultaneously as every Pin support bracket is connected with each other by longitudinally arranged supporting section (longitudinal supporting section 5)
And an entirety is formed, restraining function of the deformation of the second casing 2 by adjacent second casing 2 effectively weakens single second
The deformation of casing 2 and its stitching portion supporting section mentions simultaneously a possibility that reducing the large deformation of tunnel part, invade limit and unstability collapsing
The high overall stability of supporting construction, makes preliminary bracing system more secure and reliable, saves because invading limit, is increased due to unstability is collapsed
Engineered treatment expense.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, in the second casing 2 face A and its opposite of circumferential sleeve symmetrically set diameter as
The circular hole 10 of 18mm, the B face different with the face A and its facing end set the isosceles triangle that top width is 3cm as 1cm, depth and disappear
It can precracking 11；The face C and its opposite of longitudinal sleeve set diameter symmetrically as the circular hole 12 of 18mm in second casing 2.Wherein, circular hole
11 are fixedly connected with the hole slot of supporting section end by screw rod, nut and gasket respectively with circular hole 12.
In addition to this, carry out, middle bench excavation process when, after erecting circumferential supporting section and fixing the second casing 2,
Longitudinally arranged supporting section (longitudinal supporting section 5) is stitched together with the longitudinal sleeve in the second casing 2, forms a supporting knot
Structure.At this time other than it can restrain supporting section to a certain extent and deform in hole, most apparent effect is made by drag effect
Obvious differential settlement does not occur for the vertical supporting section of rigid frame, be conducive in, after excavation of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, when erecting subsequent circumferential supporting section
The circumferential supporting section that can have smoothly stood with upper, middle step is spliced, and is effectively prevented generally existing because of supporting at present
Section differential settlement and cause subsequent splicing can not be successfully progress or because splice it is insecure due to cause supporting construction to exist excessive thin
The phenomenon that weak link.
Specifically, the length of circumferential sleeve is not less than the length of longitudinal sleeve；Circumferential sleeve sectional dimension and circumferential supporting
Section matches, and longitudinal sleeve sectional dimension matches with longitudinal supporting section.In the present embodiment, circumferential sleeve wall thickness is 5mm, long
Degree is 30cm；The wall thickness of longitudinal sleeve is 5mm, and length 20cm, longitudinal supporting section is I14 I-steel.
The present invention also provides a kind of construction methods of installation of supporting construction, include the following steps:
After the completion of S1, top bar arc leading pit excavate, first pneumatically placed concrete is successively carried out, steel mesh is laid with, sets anchor pole
101, the first supporting section of circumferential direction 3 and the multiple construction for spraying just branch concrete are erected, 3 arranged on left and right sides of circumferential first supporting section in construction
First sleeve 1 can be used at spandrel or the second casing 2 is supported, and pass through longitudinally arranged supporting section 5 and two neighboring branch
The longitudinal sleeve connection of second casing 2 in retaining frame；
Step in S2, left and right side dislocation excavation: it firstly, excavating step in left or right side, and successively carries out just spraying coagulation
Soil is laid with steel mesh and sets the construction of anchor pole 101；Secondly, performing the second casing 2 at the haunch of left or right side, and pass through
Longitudinally arranged supporting section 5 connects the longitudinal sleeve of the second casing 2 in the casing and two neighboring support bracket；Then, ring is erected
To the second supporting section 4, and end thereon and the lower end of circumferential first supporting section 3 is made to pass through first sleeve at spandrel in step S1
1 or second casing 2 connect, the lower end of circumferential second supporting section 4 is connect with 2 circumferential direction sleeve upper end of the second casing at haunch；
Finally, construction is multiple to spray just branch concrete；
S3, construction method in step S2 is repeated, the erection of the circumferential second supporting section 4 in step residue side is applied in completion
Work；
S4, left and right side dislocation are excavated and are got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation: being got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation firstly, excavating left or right side, and successively carried out just spraying coagulation
Soil is laid with steel mesh and sets the construction of anchor pole 101；Secondly, performing first sleeve 7 at the arch springing of left or right side, ring is erected
To third supporting section 6, and make thereon end connect with the circumferential sleeve of the second casing 2 at haunch in step S2 lower end, lower end
It is connect with first sleeve 7 at arch springing；Finally, construction is multiple to spray just branch concrete；
S5, construction method in step S4 is repeated, the erection of remaining side circumferential direction third supporting section 6 of completing to get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation is applied
Work；
S6, it excavates inverted arch: firstly, excavating inverted arch, erecting circumferential 4th supporting section 8, make the both ends of circumferential 4th supporting section 8
It is connect respectively with the first sleeve 7 at arch springing in step S4 and step S5, and then makes support bracket closure cyclization, and provide according to design
Material is laid with two lining steel meshes；Then, one-piece casting inverted arch concrete completes the excavation supporting of the section；
Wherein, in tunnel excavation support work progress, top bar is according to the leading excavation supporting of step S1, in middle step lag
Step certain distance simultaneously carries out excavation supporting according to step S2 and S3 left and right side faulting of slab ends rank certain distance, platform in lag of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation
Rank certain distance simultaneously carries out excavation supporting according to step S4 and S5 left and right side faulting of slab ends rank certain distance, and inverted arch lag gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation one
Set a distance simultaneously carries out excavation supporting according to step S6.
Above-mentioned construction method is denoted as embodiment one, and it is relatively broken that such installation method is suitable for small unsymmetrial loading tunnel or tunnel surrounding
Broken situation.
In order to effectively control the deformation of tunnel support structure I-steel stitching portion, tunnel support structure monolithic stability is improved
Property, in the case of or country rock more serious for bias is smashed to pieces, using three steps, seven step excavating load, it is preferable that by step S2 with
At least one first sleeve 1 in step S3 can be replaced the second casing 2, and such construction method is denoted as embodiment two.In step
In rapid S2 and step S3, the longitudinal sleeve of the second casing 2 in adjacent support bracket is connected by longitudinal supporting section 5.
The present embodiment is subject to specifically the construction method of supporting construction embodiment two using I-steel as supporting section
It is bright.
Construction background: certain unidirectional two-lane tunnel, left threaded list road length 608m, right threaded list road length 693m, tunnel excavation profile
For 10.4m × 11.7m (high × wide), 11~80m of edpth of tunnel, tunnel is located at the hills morphologic region of long-term weathering erosion, in area
Coombe development, coombe move towards based on northwest, and lithology is mainly rubble and severely-weathered arenaceous shale, and joint fissure, underground water are equal
Development, rock mass is smashed to pieces, and rock matter is softer, belongs to V grades of country rocks.During Initial Stage Construction hole faces upward slope and sliding phenomenon just occurs, and hole is shallow
Burying section, there are big bias-pressure phenomenons.In order to effectively control the deformation of tunnel support structure I-steel stitching portion, tunnel support knot is improved
Structure overall stability, country rock smashed to pieces mileage section more serious for hole bias use three steps, seven step excavating load, are sent out with this
Bright supporting construction embodiment two is constructed.Construction method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) batch machining first sleeve 1, first sleeve 7, the H-shaped steel supporting section of the second casing 2, default hole slot 13 and 17
3,4,5,6,8, high-strength bolt 14, matching nut 15 and gasket 16.Wherein the sectional dimension of first sleeve 1 and first sleeve 7 is
220mm × 110mm (wide × high), wall thickness 5mm, whole long 60cm, the both ends side surface distance corresponding to supporting hole groove location
Centre bit installs the circular hole of diameter 18mm at the 15cm of both ends, both ends inside and outside side wall end center position set top width as
1cm, the isosceles triangle energy dissipating precracking 11 that depth is 3cm；Second casing, 2 sectional dimension be 220mm × 110mm (it is wide ×
It is high), wall thickness 5mm, circumferential direction set tube length 80cm, two sides longitudinal sleeve tube length is 20cm, and the face A and its opposite are in the 15cm of end
The circular hole 10 of diameter 18mm is set at the heart, the face B and its facing end centre bit install the isosceles three that top width is 1cm, depth is 3cm
Angular energy dissipating precracking 11；Circumferential supporting section I-steel (i.e. the first supporting section 3, the second supporting section 4, third supporting section 6 and the 4th
Supporting section 8) model 20a, size 200mm × 100mm × 7mm, away from the abdomen at each circumferential supporting section I-steel end 20cm
Plate center sets the hole slot 13 of Ф 18；The model 14a, size 140mm × 80mm of longitudinal supporting section I-steel (i.e. longitudinal shield section 5)
× 5.5mm, web middle line set the hole slot 17 of Ф 18 at the 10cm of both ends；High-strength bolt 14 is 30cm long, diameter 15mm.
(2) after tunnel advanced support, circumferential direction excavates top bar, and remaining core soil in advance 102 is excavated and completed, after clearing up excavation face,
Successively just pneumatically placed concrete closes excavation face, performs anchor pole 101, is laid with steel mesh along spray plane, for putting at arranged on left and right sides spandrel
The groove that depth is 40cm is excavated at the position for setting the second casing 2, is put into spare cushion block, erects first good with 2 assembly of the second casing
Casing is put into the groove of both sides by supporting section 3, and the longitudinal sleeve of the casing and adjacent second casing 2 is connected by longitudinal supporting section 5
Cylinder.
(3) it step in left and right side dislocation excavation: firstly, excavating step in left or right side, and successively carries out just spraying coagulation
Soil is laid with steel mesh and sets the construction of anchor pole 101；Secondly, for placing the portion of the second casing 2 at the haunch of left or right side
Position excavate depth be 40cm groove, be put into spare cushion block, and be put into the second casing 2, by longitudinal supporting section 5 connect the casing with
The longitudinal sleeve of adjacent second casing 2；Then, the second supporting section 4 is erected, upper end and the first supporting of the second supporting section 4 are made
The lower end of section 3 is connected by the second casing 2, and the lower end of the second supporting section 4 and the circumferential sleeve upper end of the second casing 2 connect
It connects；Finally, construction is multiple to spray just branch concrete.
(4) construction method in step (3) is repeated, the erection construction of step right side or the second supporting of left side section 4 in completion.
(5) left and right side dislocation, which is excavated, gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation: getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation firstly, excavating left or right side, and successively carries out just spraying coagulation
Soil is laid with steel mesh and sets the construction of anchor pole 101；Secondly, performing first sleeve 7 at the arch springing of left or right side, and erect
Third supporting section 6 connect the upper end of third supporting section 6 and the circumferential sleeve lower end of the second casing 2 at haunch, lower end
It is connect with first sleeve 7；Finally, construction is multiple to spray just branch concrete.
(6) construction method in step (5) is repeated, completes on the right side of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation or the erection of left side third supporting section 6 is constructed；
(7) after the completion of inverted arch excavates, empty slag and ponding is removed, the 4th supporting section 8 of inverted arch is installed, by the 4th supporting section 8
Both ends are connect with first sleeve 7 at left and right side arch springing respectively, and then make support bracket closure cyclization, and spread according to design data
If two lining steel meshes；Then, one-piece casting inverted arch concrete completes the excavation supporting of the section.
(6) it applies mould and builds two linings, complete tunnel support structure construction.
In conclusion circuiting sequentially the support bracket connected and composed including multiple supporting sections the present invention provides a kind of, each
The both ends of supporting section are equipped with hole slot, and two neighboring supporting section is connected by first sleeve, and first sleeve is size and supporting section
The hollow circumferential direction sleeve to match, and the both ends of the front face of first sleeve and rear surface correspond to hole slot and are equipped with installation
Hole, supporting section are connect by connector with first sleeve；Second casing is by circumferential sleeve and to be symmetrically set on front side of circumferential sleeve
The cross molded cannula that wall and two longitudinal sleeves at rear wall center are constituted, size is matched with supporting section and vertical, circumferential sleeve
End is equipped with mounting hole, constitutes supporting construction by the multiple supporting sections of the second casing connection.In the application first sleeve with
The supporting construction that second casing and combinations thereof is constituted, simple structure and reasonable design and easy for construction；When pressure from surrounding rock is uprushed,
The energy dissipating precracking of the hole slot of supporting section and circumferential sleeve, which can provide certain deformation for supporting section and allow, presses space；It is allowed when not up to
When pressing the upper limit, supporting section will not deform destruction at first；When reach allow pressure the upper limit when, first sleeve can be shared with the second casing
Part rock confining pressure power, and pass through longitudinal drag effect of the second casing, make support bracket that obvious differential settlement or tunnel will not occur
Road section inner bending protrusion or tunnel buckling deformation；The supporting construction of support bracket and its composition effectively weakens single casing
And its deformation of stitching portion supporting section improves simultaneously a possibility that reducing the large deformation of tunnel part, invade limit and unstability collapsing
The overall stability of supporting construction makes preliminary bracing structure more secure and reliable, saves the increased engineering because invading limit, unstability collapsing
Punishment expense.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of support bracket, it is characterised in that: circuit sequentially connection and circumferentially disposed supporting section including multiple, each branch
The both ends of shield section are equipped with hole slot, and the two neighboring supporting section is connected by first sleeve, the first sleeve be size and
The hollow circumferential direction sleeve that the supporting section matches, and the both ends of the front face of the first sleeve and rear surface correspond to institute
It states hole slot and is equipped with mounting hole, the hole slot is connect by connector with the mounting hole；The left wall face of the first sleeve and
The both ends of right wall are equipped with energy dissipating precracking；The energy dissipating precracking is set to left wall face and the right wall of the first sleeve
It in the middle part of both ends, and is the crack extended to the left wall face and right wall center.
2. support bracket according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the connector includes screw rod, nut and gasket, described
The both ends of screw rod sequentially pass through mounting hole on the first sleeve front face, supporting section hole slot and first sleeve rear surface on
Mounting hole, and fastened by the gasket and nut.
3. support bracket according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the supporting section is I-steel or T-steel or U-shaped steel,
The shape of the hole slot is that ellipse is round or rectangular, and the shape of the mounting hole is round or rectangular.
4. a kind of supporting construction, it is characterised in that: including multiple support brackets as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, adjacent two
A support bracket is attached by the second casing and the longitudinally arranged supporting section, and second casing includes circumferential set
Cylinder and two longitudinal sleeves for being symmetrically set in the circumferential sleeve front side wall and rear wall center, described two longitudinal sleeves and institute
It states circumferential sleeve to be vertically arranged, constitutes cross molded cannula.
5. supporting construction according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the length of the circumferential direction sleeve is not less than the longitudinal direction
The length of sleeve；The sectional dimension of the sectional dimension and the circumferentially disposed supporting section of the circumferential direction sleeve matches, described
The sectional dimension of longitudinal sleeve and the sectional dimension of the longitudinally arranged supporting section match.
6. supporting construction according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: it is described circumferential direction sleeve left side wall and right side wall two
End is equipped with energy dissipating precracking；The front face of the circumferential direction sleeve and the both ends of rear surface correspond to the hole slot and are equipped with installation
Hole；The upper wall surface and lower wall surface of described two longitudinal sleeves correspond to the hole slot and are equipped with mounting hole, and the hole slot passes through
Connector is connect with the mounting hole.
7. a kind of construction method to such as described in any item supporting construction of claim 4-6, which is characterized in that including walking as follows
It is rapid:
After the completion of S1, top bar arc leading pit excavate, first pneumatically placed concrete is successively carried out, steel mesh is laid with, sets anchor pole, erects ring
The construction of just branch concrete is sprayed to the first supporting Duan Yufu, using the at circumferential first supporting section arranged on left and right sides spandrel in construction
Sleeve or the second casing are supported, and connect the second casing in two neighboring support bracket by longitudinally arranged supporting section
Longitudinal sleeve；
S2, left and right side dislocation excavate in step: firstly, excavate left or right side in step, and successively carry out just pneumatically placed concrete,
It is laid with steel mesh and sets the construction of anchor pole；Secondly, performing the second casing at the haunch of left or right side, and by being longitudinally arranged
Supporting section connect with the longitudinal sleeve of the second casing in two neighboring support bracket；Then, it erects circumferential second supporting section and makes
End and the lower end of circumferential first supporting section pass through the first sleeve or the second casing connection at spandrel in step S1, ring thereon
It is connect to the lower end of the second supporting section with the circumferential sleeve upper end of the second casing at haunch；Finally, just branch is mixed for the multiple spray of construction
Solidifying soil；
S3, construction method in step S2, the erection construction of the circumferential second supporting section in step residue side in completion are repeated；
S4, left and right side dislocation excavate get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation: firstly, excavate left or right side get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, and successively carry out just pneumatically placed concrete,
It is laid with steel mesh and sets the construction of anchor pole；Secondly, performing first sleeve at the arch springing of left or right side, circumferential third branch is erected
Shield section and make thereon end connect with the circumferential sleeve lower end of the second casing at haunch in step S2, the at lower end and arch springing
Sleeve connection；Finally, construction is multiple to spray just branch concrete；
S5, repeat step S4 in construction method, complete get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation remaining side circumferential direction third supporting section erection construction；
S6, excavate inverted arch: firstly, excavating inverted arch, erecting circumferential 4th supporting section, make the both ends of circumferential 4th supporting section respectively with
First sleeve connection in step S4 and step S5 at arch springing, and then make support bracket closure cyclization, and be laid with according to design data
Two lining steel meshes；Then, one-piece casting inverted arch concrete completes the excavation supporting of section.
8. the construction method of supporting construction according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: in step S2 and step S3, institute
It states middle step and lags the top bar certain distance progress excavation supporting；In step S4 and step S5, the lag of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation
The middle step certain distance carries out excavation supporting；In step s 6, certain distance of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation described in the inverted arch lag carries out
Excavation supporting.
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| CN108979677B (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2023-05-23 | 中铁二院昆明勘察设计研究院有限责任公司 | Spout-steel frame integral yielding primary support structure based on friction energy dissipation longitudinal beam and construction method |
| CN109268040B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2024-05-07 | 长安大学 | Special-shaped arch frame and supporting structure for highway tunnel |
| CN110185477B (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-11-03 | 广东省交通规划设计研究院股份有限公司 | Tunnel supporting structure and tunnel supporting construction method |
| CN110952993B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-03-16 | 东北大学 | Semi-assembly type pipe curtain structure based on steel reinforced concrete connection and construction process |
| CN117248940B (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-05-14 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Arch frame structure for preventing primary support of small-section tunnel from falling out |
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| GB392967A (en) * | 1931-11-28 | 1933-05-29 | Adolf Dietze | Improvements relating to arch-supports for mine tunnels, shafts and the like |
| CN104594931A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-06 | 湖南科技大学 | Periodically resistance-increased and pressure-yielded anti-impact anchor rod |
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