CN105821194B - The axle of motor train unit steel heat treatment process of titanium containing niobium - Google Patents
The axle of motor train unit steel heat treatment process of titanium containing niobium Download PDFInfo
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- CN105821194B CN105821194B CN201610416929.1A CN201610416929A CN105821194B CN 105821194 B CN105821194 B CN 105821194B CN 201610416929 A CN201610416929 A CN 201610416929A CN 105821194 B CN105821194 B CN 105821194B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/28—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
Abstract
The present invention relates to the axle of motor train unit steel heat treatment process of titanium containing niobium, comprise the following steps：(1) normalizing：Niobium titanium EMU axles steel will be contained and be heated to 870~900 DEG C of temperature, calculated in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time by 1.2~1.7min/mm, air cooling；(2) quench：Vanadium EMU axles steel will be contained and be heated to 860~890 DEG C of temperature, calculated in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time by 1.5~2.0min/mm, then carry out water quenching and oil cooling；(3) it is tempered：Niobium titanium EMU axles steel will be contained and be heated to 620~680 DEG C of temperature, calculated in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time by 2~2.5min/mm, be then air-cooled to room temperature；Steel have the advantages of intensity is high, anti-fatigue performance is excellent compared with prior art after processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of alloy steel, and in particular to suitable for 750~900MPa of tensile strength, yield strength >=
600MPa、-40℃KV2>=150J, while require the EMU axles steel and its heat of excellent anti-fatigue performance
Handling process.
Background technology
Axletree is to be related to one of safe most important motion and load bearing component in various vehicles.Due to axletree subject it is dynamic
Load, stress is more complicated, such as bending load, torsional load, bending combined load, and by certain impact, particularly
EMU axletree, its stress are increasingly complex.Therefore, EMU axletree under arms during may be because of tired
Labor, bending, torsion or tensile stress etc. and be broken, wherein fatigue fracture is the universal fracture mode of high speed axletree.To be true
The safe operation of vehicle is protected, EMU axletree must have enough reliability and fatigue safety coefficient.EMU
Axletree material is one of key factor for determining axletree service life and reliability, therefore, is attached great importance to both at home and abroad to high quick-action
The research and development of car group axles steel and the research of fatigue behaviour.
With the fast development of China Express Railway, the needs of axle of motor train unit are sharply increased, but at present still mainly according to
Rely in import, therefore, there is an urgent need to develop the green wood of the high-strength and high ductility and long-fatigue life that are applied to China railways development characteristic
Matter axle steel.In recent years, the research and development of antifatigue destruction axle steel have been carried out both at home and abroad.Such as Chinese patent application
Antifatigue destruction axle steel in 201110417295.9, still using the high C content thinking of carbon axle steel in tradition, C content
(0.42~0.45%) is higher, and this make it that the toughness of steel is poor, can not meet requirement of the axle of motor train unit to toughness, and antifatigue
The limited extent of performance improvement is high.A kind of novel hollow axletree steel alloy in Chinese patent application 201210384581.4,
Although carbon content is relatively low, there is preferable combination of strength and toughness, fatigue strength is still relatively low.The axle of motor train unit master introduced from Europe
The steel alloy EA4T of modifier treatment is used, although giving chemical composition and mechanical property requirements, does not provide crucial heat
Handling process parameter, it is often more important that the alloying element content of the influence quenching degree in steel is relatively low, causes the EMUs of big specification
Tissue (existing does not allow existing ferrite) and performance (nearly center portion intensity, toughness and fatigue behaviour are relatively low) inside axletree is past
Toward the requirement for being difficult to reach standard.These are restricted in actual applications, more crucially axle steel fatigue resistance
The amplitude that can improve is limited, influences its popularization and application.
The content of the invention
For above problems of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of tensile strength 750~
900MPa, yield strength >=600MPa, -40 DEG C of KV2>=150J, while require the high speed motor car of excellent anti-fatigue performance
Group axles steel and its Technology for Heating Processing.Concrete technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of axle of motor train unit steel heat treatment process of titanium containing niobium, comprises the following steps：
(1) normalizing：Niobium titanium EMU axles steel will be contained and be heated to 870~900 DEG C of temperature, heated in the temperature section
Soaking time is calculated by 1.2~1.7min/mm, air cooling；
(2) quench：Vanadium EMU axles steel will be contained and be heated to 860~890 DEG C of temperature, heat and protect in the temperature section
The warm time is calculated by 1.5~2.0min/mm, then carries out water quenching and oil cooling；
(3) it is tempered：Niobium titanium EMU axles steel will be contained and be heated to 620~680 DEG C of temperature, heated in the temperature section
Soaking time is calculated by 2~2.5min/mm, is then air-cooled to room temperature.
Further, the quick water cooling of underwater water-spraying is first carried out to axletree by nozzle in quenching tank in step (2), until
Axletree surface temperature is down to 600~650 DEG C, after axletree is taken out from water, cooling dipped in oil is until room temperature.
Further, the cooling velocity of water cooling is controlled in 1.5~2.5 DEG C/s.
Further, firing rate is 50~100 DEG C/h in step (1)-(3).
Further, 890 DEG C of temperature, heating and thermal insulation time 300min, air cooling are heated to 80 DEG C/h in step (1).
Further, 880 DEG C of temperature, heating and thermal insulation time 270min are heated to 80 DEG C/h in step (2).
Further, 650 DEG C of temperature, heating and thermal insulation time 420min, air cooling are heated to 80 DEG C/h in step (3).
Further, in step (2), the quick water cooling of underwater water-spraying is first carried out to axletree by nozzle in quenching tank, directly
Be down to 600 DEG C to axletree surface temperature, after axletree is taken out from water, cooling dipped in oil is until room temperature.
Further, the EMU axles steel of titanium containing niobium maximum gauge is that 200mm, length reach in step (1)-(3)
2200mm。
Further, it is used for the EMU axles steel production technology of titanium containing niobium, specifically includes step：Electric arc furnaces or
Converter smelting → LF stoves refining → RH or VD vacuum outgas → continuous casting → heating strand stove heat → axle blank rolling → axle blank
Forging → blank axletree is rough turn → the neat end face processing → normalizing+Tempering and Quenching → axletree outer circle finish turning processing → axletree of axletree in
Hole boring processing → cylindricalo grinding → flaw detection.
The present invention has the advantages of intensity is high, anti-fatigue performance is excellent compared with prior art.More than 700MPa can be obtained
High intensity, its plasticity and toughness is substantially better than business steel, and its fatigue limit will be significantly higher than business steel, shows good strong
Spend toughness cooperation and excellent anti-fatigue performance.Wherein：Rm：750MPa~900MPa, ReLOr Rp0.2>=600MPa, A >=18%,
Z >=40%, -40 DEG C of impacts of collision absorb work(KV2≥150J；Fracture toughness KQValue >=120MPam1/2；The rotation of Specimens
Bending fatigue limit RfL>=375MPa, the endurance limit under rotating bending R of notched specimenfE>=310MPa, notch sensitivity RfL/RfE
≤1.15；The magnitude of interference is Fretting Fatigue Limit >=215MPa of 0.04mm samples；Salt air corrosion 14 circulates the corrosion of cycle sample
Fatigue limit is >=275MPa；The autstenitic grain size of steel is more than or equal to 8.0 grades；" the normalizing+quenched of EMU axletree
Steel is organized as tempered sorbite+a small amount of lower bainite after (quenching+high tempering) " heat treatment, wherein, the tempering of axletree near surface
Sorbite percentage is 100%, and tempered sorbite content is about 75~85% at the radius of axletree 1/2.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail below, and it is a kind of preferred embodiment in numerous embodiments of the present invention.
In a preferred embodiment, the axle of motor train unit of titanium containing niobium steel heat treatment process, comprises the following steps：(1) just
Fire：Niobium titanium EMU axles steel will be contained and be heated to 870~900 DEG C of temperature, 1.2 are pressed in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time
~1.7min/mm is calculated, air cooling；(2) quench：Vanadium EMU axles steel will be contained and be heated to 860~890 DEG C of temperature,
The temperature section heating and thermal insulation time is calculated by 1.5~2.0min/mm, then carries out water quenching and oil cooling；(3) it is tempered：Niobium titanium will be contained
EMU axles steel is heated to 620~680 DEG C of temperature, in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time based on 2~2.5min/mm
Calculate, be then air-cooled to room temperature.
In a further advantageous embodiment, following scheme can be used：(1) C in traditional carbon axle is suitably reduced
Constituent content, improve the toughness and plasticity of steel；(2) Ni, Cu element are added into steel improves the quenching degree and corrosion resistance of steel, and adds
Enter micro Zr, Nb, Ti element with crystal grain thinning, so as to improve the toughness of steel particularly low-temperature flexibility, and improve the intensity of steel
Coordinate with toughness, improve the anti-fatigue performance of steel；(3) appropriate Ca elements are added, denaturation treatment is carried out to the field trash in steel,
The strict content for controlling impurity element T [O], P, S etc. in steel simultaneously, further to improve the anti-fatigue performance of steel.The present invention's
It is critical that optimizing components adjustment is organically combined with metallurgical quality control, while high intensity is obtained, obtain
Obtain excellent antifatigue destructive characteristics and relatively low cost.
The specific chemical composition (weight %) of steel of the present invention is as follows：：C：0.24~0.30, Si：0.20~0.40, Mn：
0.70~1.00, Cr：0.90~1.20, Ni：0.70~1.30, Mo：0.20~0.30, Cu：0.10~0.60, Zr：0.01~
0.04, Nb：0.020~0.050, Ti：0.015~0.030, Ca：0.001~0.005, P≤0.010, S≤0.008, T [O]≤
0.0015, Als：0.015~0.045, remaining is Fe and other inevitable impurity.
The effect of above-mentioned each element and proportioning are according to as follows：
C：C element is necessary to axle steel obtains high intensity, hardness.C content in traditional axle steel is higher, such as mesh
Carbon content in preceding lorry axle steel LZ50 is 0.50% or so.Although high C content has to the intensity of steel, hardness etc.
Profit, but it is totally unfavorable to the plasticity and toughness of steel, and reduce yield tensile ratio, Decarburization Sensitivity increase, deteriorate the fatigue resistance of steel
Energy and processing characteristics.Therefore the appropriate C content reduced in steel, is controlled below 0.30%.However, quenching and high tempering
Afterwards in order to obtain required high intensity and necessary fatigue behaviour, C content must be more than 0.24%, thus C content preferably controls
For 0.24~0.30%.
Si：Si is deoxidant element main in steel, has very strong solution strengthening effect, but Si too high levels will make steel
Plasticity and toughness decline, C activity increase, promote decarburization and graphitization tendency of the steel in rolling and heat treatment process, and
Make smelting difficult and easily form field trash, deteriorate the anti-fatigue performance of steel.Therefore it is 0.20~0.40% to control Si contents.
Mn：Mn is the effective element of deoxidation and desulfurization, can also improve the quenching degree and intensity of steel, and content is less than 0.70%
When, it is difficult to function as described above.But when quenching temper, Mn and P have strong grain boundary cosegregation tendency, promote temper brittleness,
Deteriorate the toughness of steel, thus control Mn contents below 1.00%.
Cr：Cr can effectively improve the quenching degree and resistance to tempering of steel, to obtain required high intensity；Cr may be used also simultaneously
C activity is reduced, the steel surface decarburizing tendency in heating, rolling and heat treatment process can be reduced, has utilization to obtain high resist
Fatigue behaviour.But too high levels can deteriorate the toughness of steel, thus it is 0.90~1.20% to control Cr contents.
Ni：Ni can improve the quenching degree of steel, the toughness of corrosion resistance and guarantee steel at low temperature.In view of economy, control
Ni contents are 0.80~1.30%.
Mo：Effects of the Mo in steel predominantly improves quenching degree, improves resistance to tempering and prevent temper brittleness.In addition, Mo
The reasonable cooperation of element and Cr elements can make quenching degree and resistance to tempering be improved significantly.Mo contents are too low, and above-mentioned effect has
Limit, Mo too high levels, then above-mentioned effect saturation, and improve the cost of steel.Therefore, it is 0.20~0.30% to control Mo contents.
Cu：Cu is similar to Ni in terms of solution strengthening, raising quenching degree.Meanwhile addition copper can also improve steel in steel
Corrosion fatigue resistant performance, because tiny Cu precipitations have blocked the formation of the initial stage vein texture of fatigue, and copper separates out
Thing has good plasticity, can hinder the extension of fatigue crack；In addition, Cu also improves, steel corrosion resistance acts on；So as to
Improve the corrosion fatigue strength of steel.But Cu too high levels, steel easily cause hot-short in heating rolling or forging process.Synthesis is examined
Consider, range-controllable system is 0.10~0.60%.
Zr：Adding a small amount of zirconium has degassing, purification and Grain refinement, is advantageous to improve the low temperature impact properties of steel and strong
Degree, fatigue behaviour index.Consider, range-controllable system is 0.010~0.040%.
Nb：Nb is mainly shown as crystal grain refinement, precipitation strength and phase transformation strengthening to the Strengthening and Toughening effect of axle steel.Nb is in steel
In to replace solute atoms presence, Nb atomic ratio iron atom sizes are big, the segregation easily on dislocation line, dislocation climb produced strong
Effect of dragging, be suppressed Recrystallization nucleation, to recrystallization there is strong interception, improve tying again for austenite
Brilliant temperature, so as to reach the purpose of fining austenite grains, crystal grain refinement can not only improve the obdurability of steel, and improve steel
The cryogenic property of material.But its is expensive.Consider, Nb range-controllable system is 0.020%~0.050%.
Ti：Tiny alloying element Ti is added in steel can play solid solution, segregation and precipitation, when them and carbon, nitrogen, sulphur etc.
Interaction Energy produces refined crystalline strengthening, precipitate dispersion-strengtherning and inclusion conditioning etc., and the intensity and toughness for making steel are strengthened, and
Steel belt roof bolt stability can be improved.Consider, Ti range-controllable system is 0.015%~0.030%.
Ca：Ca has the function that deoxidization desulfuration and to non-metallic inclusion denaturation treatment, so as to improve the toughness of steel and resist
Fatigue behaviour.Ca contents do not have above-mentioned effect less than 0.001%, but content is more than 0.005%, then add it is extremely difficult, and
It is mingled with object amount to increase.It is 0.001~0.005% thus to control Ca contents.
P：P can form microsegregation in solidification of molten steel, and then when austenitizing temperature heats, segregation in crystal boundary, makes steel
Fragility significantly increase, so control P content below 0.012%.
S：Inevitable impurity in steel, form MnS and be mingled with and can deteriorate the toughness of steel and antifatigue in Grain Boundary Segregation
Performance, thus its content is controlled below 0.008%.
T[O]：Oxygen forms various oxides in steel and is mingled with.It is easy at these oxide places of being mingled with the presence of stress
Stress concentration is produced, causes the germinating of micro-crack, so as to deteriorate the mechanical property of steel particularly toughness and anti-fatigue performance.Cause
This, must take measures to reduce its content as far as possible in metallurgical production.In view of economy, control its content 0.0015% with
Under.
The EMU axles steel technological process of production of titanium containing niobium of the invention is：Electric arc furnaces or converter smelting → LF stoves essence
Refining → RH or VD vacuum outgas → continuous casting → heating strand stove heat → axle blank rolling → axle blank forging → blank axletree is thick
The neat end face processing → normalizing+Tempering and Quenching → axletree outer circle finish turning processing of car → axletree → axletree internal bore boring processing → cylindrical
Grinding → flaw detection.
Crucial Technology for Heating Processing step of the invention is as follows：
(1) normalizing：Be 200mm or so by maximum gauge, length up to 2200mm or so the EMU axletree of titanium containing niobium
Heat (firing rate is 50~100 DEG C/h) to 870~900 DEG C of temperature with steel, the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time by 1.2~
1.7min/mm is calculated, air cooling.Crystal grain has not only been refined after normalizing, and has improved the inhomogeneities of tissue, for then most
Tissue preparation is carried out in heat treatment eventually.
(2) (water quenching+oil cooling) is quenched：Be 200mm or so by maximum gauge, length up to 2200mm or so the high quick-action containing vanadium
Car group axles steel heats (firing rate is 50~100 DEG C/h) to 860~890 DEG C of temperature, in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation
Between by 1.5~2.0min/mm calculate, then, first in quenching tank by nozzle to axletree carry out the quick water cooling of underwater water-spraying it is (cold
But speed control is in 1.5~2.5 DEG C/s), until axletree surface temperature is down to 600~650 DEG C, after axletree is taken out from water,
Cooling dipped in oil is until room temperature.
(3) it is tempered：Be 200mm or so by maximum gauge, length up to 2200mm or so the EMU axletree of titanium containing niobium
Heat (firing rate is 50~100 DEG C/h) to 620~680 DEG C of temperature with steel, the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time by 2~
2.5min/mm is calculated, and is then air-cooled to room temperature.By tempering, uniform fine and closely woven tempered sorbite+a small amount of lower bainite can be obtained
Metallographic structure, so as to obtain good toughness plasticity and suitable intensity index.
In a further advantageous embodiment, following scheme can be used：The EMU of titanium containing niobium axles steel produces work
Skill flow is：Electric arc furnaces or converter smelting → LF stoves refining → RH or VD vacuum outgas → continuous casting → heating strand stove heat → car
Shaft blank rolling → axle blank forging → blank axletree is rough turn → axletree neat end face processing → normalizing+quenched (quenching+high tempering)
Heat treatment → axletree outer circle finish turning processing → axletree internal bore boring processing → cylindricalo grinding → flaw detection.
Melting chemical composition, main heat treatment process parameter and the performance of the EMU axles steel of titanium containing niobium of the invention
Embodiment it is as follows：
Technology for Heating Processing step and parameter are：
(1) normalizing：890 DEG C of temperature, heating and thermal insulation time 300min, air cooling are heated to 80 DEG C/h.
(2) (water quenching+oil cooling) is quenched：880 DEG C of temperature is heated to 80 DEG C/h, heating and thermal insulation time 270min is then, first
Carry out the quick water cooling of underwater water-spraying (cooling velocity is controlled in 1.5~2.5 DEG C/s) to axletree by nozzle in quenching tank, until
Axletree surface temperature is down to 600 DEG C, after axletree is taken out from water, cooling dipped in oil is until room temperature.
(3) it is tempered：650 DEG C of temperature, heating and thermal insulation time 420min, air cooling are heated to 80 DEG C/h.
Maximum gauge is Φ 200mm, length reaches the melting chemical composition mass percent of 2200mm EMU axletrees
(wt%) 1 is shown in Table, the performance indications after EMU axletree is heat-treated more than are shown in Table 2.
The melting chemical composition mass percent (wt%) of the EMU axletree steel of table 1
Performance indications after the heat treatment of the EMU axletree of table 2
Performance indications after the heat treatment of the EMU axletree of continued 2
Using the high speed motor car of titanium containing niobium of the chemical composition of the present invention, technological process and the production of Technology for Heating Processing technological parameter
Group axles steel, the vertical mixing coefficient for determining steel can reach：Rm：750MPa~900MPa, ReLOr Rp0.2>=600MPa, A
>=18%, Z >=40%, -40 DEG C of impacts of collision absorb work(KV2≥150J；Fracture toughness KQValue >=120MPam1/2；Specimens
Endurance limit under rotating bending RfL>=375MPa, the endurance limit under rotating bending R of notched specimenfE>=310MPa, notch sensitivity
RfL/RfE≤1.15；The magnitude of interference is Fretting Fatigue Limit >=215MPa of 0.04mm samples；Salt air corrosion 14 circulates cycle sample
Corrosion fatigue limit be >=275MPa；The autstenitic grain size of steel is more than or equal to 8.0 grades；EMU axletree " normalizing+
Steel is organized as tempered sorbite+a small amount of lower bainite after quenched (quenching+high tempering) " heat treatment, wherein, axletree near surface
Tempered sorbite content is 100%, and tempered sorbite content is about 75~85% at the radius of axletree 1/2.
The present invention is exemplarily described above, it is clear that present invention specific implementation is not subject to the restrictions described above,
As long as employing the various improvement of inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention progress, or not improved directly apply to other fields
Close, within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the axle of motor train unit steel heat treatment process of titanium containing niobium, it is characterised in that the specific chemical composition weight % of steel is as follows：C：
0.24~0.30, Si：0.20~0.40, Mn：0.70~1.00, Cr：0.90~1.20, Ni：0.70~1.30, Mo：0.20~
0.30, Cu：0.10~0.60, Zr：0.01~0.04, Nb：0.020~0.050, Ti：0.015~0.030, Ca：0.001~
0.005, P≤0.010, S≤0.008, T [O]≤0.0015, Als：0.015~0.045, it is remaining for Fe and other inevitable
Impurity, comprise the following steps：
(1) normalizing：Niobium titanium axle of motor train unit will be contained 890 DEG C of temperature is heated to 80 DEG C/h with steel, heating and thermal insulation time 300min,
Calculated in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time by 1.2~1.7min/mm, air cooling；
(2) quench：Niobium titanium axle of motor train unit will be contained 880 DEG C of temperature is heated to 80 DEG C/h with steel, heating and thermal insulation time 270min,
Calculated in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time by 1.5~2.0min/mm, then carry out water quenching and oil cooling；First lead in quenching tank
Cross nozzle and the quick water cooling of underwater water-spraying carried out to axletree, until axletree surface temperature is down to 600 DEG C, after axletree is taken from water
Go out, cooling dipped in oil is until room temperature；The cooling velocity of water cooling is controlled in 1.5~2.5 DEG C/s；
(3) it is tempered：Niobium titanium axle of motor train unit will be contained 650 DEG C of temperature is heated to 80 DEG C/h with steel, heating and thermal insulation time 420min,
Calculated in the temperature section heating and thermal insulation time by 2~2.5min/mm, be then air-cooled to room temperature；
Steel is organized as tempered sorbite+a small amount of lower bainite after heat treatment, wherein, axletree near surface tempered sorbite content is
100%, tempered sorbite content is 75~85% at the radius of axletree 1/2.
2. the axle of motor train unit steel heat treatment process of titanium containing niobium as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step (1)-(3)
In the axle of motor train unit of titanium containing niobium with steel maximum gauge be 200mm, length reach 2200mm.
3. the axle of motor train unit steel heat treatment process of titanium containing niobium as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that it is used to contain
Niobium titanium axle of motor train unit steel production technology, specifically includes step：Electric arc furnaces or converter smelting → LF stoves refining → RH or VD are true
Empty degassing → continuous casting → heating strand stove heat → axle blank rolling → axle blank forging → blank axletree is rough turn → and axletree holds together
Face processing → normalizing+Tempering and Quenching → axletree outer circle finish turning processing → axletree internal bore boring processing → cylindricalo grinding → flaw detection.
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| CN108588372A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-09-28 | 太原重工轨道交通设备有限公司 | Axle, axle steel and its heat treatment method |
| CN109022717A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-12-18 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | A kind of online continuous casting billet surface peening quenching treatment change system and technique |
| CN109680218A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-04-26 | 无锡市法兰锻造有限公司 | A kind of production method improving forging ballistic work |
| CN112522611B (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-07-15 | 宝武集团马钢轨交材料科技有限公司 | Axle for large-axle heavy-duty freight train and heat treatment process and production process thereof |
| CN113684428B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2022-03-04 | 北京科技大学 | Heat treatment method for enhancing impact energy of ultrahigh-strength steel |
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