CN105820826A - Method of producing fuel oil by thermally decomposing waste toner cartridge carbon powder - Google Patents
Method of producing fuel oil by thermally decomposing waste toner cartridge carbon powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN105820826A CN105820826A CN201610139178.3A CN201610139178A CN105820826A CN 105820826 A CN105820826 A CN 105820826A CN 201610139178 A CN201610139178 A CN 201610139178A CN 105820826 A CN105820826 A CN 105820826A
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- pyrolysis
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- toner cartridge
- carbon dust
- cartridge carbon
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 84
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 241000772415 Neovison vison Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 51
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 31
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 229940056319 ferrosoferric oxide Drugs 0.000 description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 8
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001597008 Nomeidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000357 carcinogen Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009700 powder processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method of producing fuel oil by thermally decomposing toner cartridge carbon powder. The method comprises the following steps: drying waste toner cartridge carbon powder, and heating toner cartridge carbon powder in vacuum to carry out high temperature oxygen-free pyrolysis reactions to obtain pyrolysis oil gas and solid residues, which are composed of residual silica and ferroferric oxide, wherein drying, vacuumizing, and heating are performed in sequence. The pyrolysis oil gas is the vapor state of heavy oil, medium oil, and light oil. Pyrolysis oil gas is condensed in three stages, and is liquefied and collected in three stages in sequence to obtain liquid oil. The waste toner cartridge carbon powder is thermally decomposed, condensed, and collected continuously and simultaneously; the pyrolysis oil, gas, and solid residues can be collected individually; toxic organic substances in carbon powder are processed harmlessly; moreover, the pyrolysis reaction speed is quick, the quality of fuel oil is prominently improved, the investment is little, the cost is low, the technical gap of converting waste toner cartridge carbon powder into resources is filled, and prominent economic benefit and environmental benefit are generated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solid waste resource recovery technical field.More particularly, to the technology of a kind of discarded toner cartridge carbon dust recycling, i.e. utilize the method that discarded toner cartridge carbon dust pyrolysis produces fuel oil.
Background technology
Along with the accelerated development of electronic information, printer, photocopier and facsimile machine are constantly updated, and toner cartridge is as the highest consumptive material of its replacement frequency, and discarded toner cartridge quantity reaches 75,000,000/year.In one discarded toner cartridge, the residual quantity of carbon dust is up to 7.8%, therefore has substantial amounts of remaining carbon dust to need to be processed.Carbon dust is the powder of a kind of particle diameter 5-12 μm, and it is mainly composed of polyacrylate-styrene, polyethylene/polypropylene paraffin, hydroxyl aromatic acid derivative, ferroso-ferric oxide, silicon dioxide etc..Wherein polyacrylate-styrene, polyethylene/polypropylene paraffin, hydroxyl aromatic acid derivative is carcinogen.Owing to the grain diameter of carbon dust is the least, it is easy to permeate in environment in waste and old se-drum removal process, the health of human body after being sucked by people, can be had a strong impact on.Macromolecule organic as contained in fruit component enters water body or soil, meeting persistently polluted-water and soil, destroys ecological environment even into Food chain.
At present, in waste and old se-drum, the resource technology of carbon dust is mainly recycling.Patent " Samsung series colored carbon powder collection processing method " (Su Guolin etc., CN104238330A)；Patent " brother's series colored carbon powder collection processing method " (Su Guolin etc., CN104238331A)；Patent " HP series colored carbon powder collection processing method " (Su Guolin etc., CN104238332A) proposes a kind of waste and old carbon dust collecting processing method, by drying carbon dust, utilizes sieves to carry out coarse fraction and fine screen divides；Carbon dust good for index test is carried out toner cartridge testing, reaches to use the carbon dust required to re-use.Remaining carbon dust is recycled by the method selectively, and low-quality remaining carbon dust cannot be able to utilize due to not up to use standard；The industrial carbon dust quality reclaimed differs, and its recovery of waste carbon powder processing method for particular brand is limited in one's ability.Additionally, following patent of invention is all mentioned discarded toner cartridge carbon dust, but focus on recovery and the collection of discarded toner cartridge carbon dust, the hazardness of discarded toner cartridge carbon dust is not considered, finally process without reference to discarded toner cartridge carbon dust and dispose and the problem of recycling: patent " a kind of Novel toner cartridge carbon dust recycling machine device " (Yang Jinxu etc., CN204576061U)；Patent " waste carbon powder recycling device " (Li Qionglian, CN201780459U)；Patent " a kind of toner cartridge recovery system and recovery method " (Wei Zhengkang etc., CN103488070A)；Patent " the residual powder recovery machine of toner cartridge " (military seapeak, CN202948251U).Furthermore, patent " waste carbon powder recovery method, retracting device and regenerated plastics thereof " (Li Qionglian, CN102339006A) discloses a kind of with waste carbon powder as raw material, coordinates the method making regenerated plastics with waste plastic；Patent " resource utilization method of waste carbon powder in a kind of printer, photocopier " (Tang Huidong, CN104311879A) a kind of waste carbon powder Application way is disclosed in, by waste carbon powder is sieved remove impurity, activation, become the packing strengthening agent of rubber as the succedaneum of white carbon black.But ferroso-ferric oxide, silicon dioxide transfer to affect in plastics, rubber its quality in carbon dust；In carbon dust, polyesters macromolecule organic is finally processed, and still has the possibility escaping in environment, and its hazardness is not effectively suppressed.
Therefore, it is the most necessary for studying novel carbon dust recycling processing method.Pyrolytic technique is to be heated under anaerobic or anaerobic condition by Organic substance, makes gaseous state, liquid or the catabolic process of solid combustible material.Patent application and pertinent literature report about discarded toner cartridge carbon dust resource technology are less at present, there are no any about by the report of carbon dust in the discarded toner cartridge of efficient pyrolytic technique process.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is defect and the deficiency overcoming discarded toner cartridge carbon dust resource technology in above-mentioned prior art, a kind of discarded toner cartridge carbon dust method that pyrolysis produces fuel oil is provided, to realize the resource of discarded toner cartridge carbon dust to greatest extent, the most also there is high efficiency and eco-friendly feature.
It is an object of the invention to provide the method that the pyrolysis of a kind of discarded toner cartridge carbon dust produces fuel oil.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of system utilizing the pyrolysis of discarded toner cartridge carbon dust to produce fuel oil.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The method that the pyrolysis of a kind of discarded toner cartridge carbon dust produces fuel oil, first discarded toner cartridge carbon dust is dried, heating carries out high temperature anaerobic pyrolytic reaction (be dried, evacuation, heating are carried out successively) the most under vacuum conditions, obtains being pyrolyzed oil gas and solid residue silicon dioxide and the ferroso-ferric oxide of residual (the described solid residue be).
Further, described pyrolysis oil gas is after segmentation condenses (component is through liquefaction step by step), and Fractional Collections obtains liquid oil.
Preferably, described pyrolysis oil gas is mink cell focus, middle matter oil and the vapor state of light oil, and described segmentation condensation is three grades of segmentation condensations, and condensation temperature sets respectively according to the condensation point of mink cell focus, middle matter oil and light oil.
It is highly preferred that specifically, the method that the pyrolysis of above-mentioned discarded toner cartridge carbon dust produces fuel oil, comprise the steps:
S1. it is dried and evacuation: first discarded toner cartridge carbon dust is sent in pyrolysis reactor and be dried, and utilizes vacuum pump will to be evacuated to vacuum state (now ensureing that carbon dust is all stayed in pyrolysis reactor) in pyrolysis reactor；
S2. heating: utilizing external-heat heating element heater to heat, dried discarded toner cartridge carbon dust carries out high temperature anaerobic pyrolytic reaction under a high vacuum, respectively obtains pyrolysis oil gas and solid residue (described solid residue is the silicon dioxide and ferroso-ferric oxide remained)；
S3. fractional condensaion: pyrolysis oil gas sequentially enters three condensers and carries out three grades of condensations, and pyrolysis oil-gas component is through liquefying step by step and collecting.
Wherein, being pyrolyzed oil gas described in step S2 is that mink cell focus, middle matter oil and the vapor state of light oil, the pyrolysis oil gas of evaporation and solid residue realize separating.
Preferably, the pyrolytic process intermediate pump continuous firing of the inventive method, on-condensible gas is collected in gas collecting bottle；After pyrolytic reaction terminates, the solid residue of residual is collected in storage tank.
Preferably, described condenser uses circulating water cooling system, and the condensation temperature of three condensers sets according to the condensation point of mink cell focus, middle matter oil and light oil.
Specifically, the condensation temperature of described three condensers is 30～50 degrees Celsius, 170～190 degrees Celsius, 280～300 degrees Celsius respectively.
Preferably, described pyrolysis reactor and condenser are airtight and continuous print, it is ensured that pyrolysis reactor and condenser are in same vacuum state.
Preferably, described pyrolytic reaction process, condensation collection process are that continuous synchronization is carried out with on-condensible gas collection process.
Preferably, being dried described in step S1 is to make discarded toner cartridge carbon dust dry out at a lower temperature, it is to avoid the moisture impact on thermal decomposition product
Preferably, being evacuated to vacuum state described in step S1 is to be evacuated to 5 × 10-3～1 × 10-2Handkerchief vacuum.
It is highly preferred that being evacuated to vacuum state described in step S1 is to be evacuated to 6.7 × 10-3Handkerchief vacuum.
Preferably, heating described in step S2 is heated to temperature and is not less than 600 degrees Celsius, dried discarded toner cartridge carbon dust in fine vacuum, be not less than under 600 degrees Celsius and carry out Non-oxygen pyrolytic reaction.
It is highly preferred that heating is heated to 600～1500 degrees Celsius described in step S2.Dried discarded toner cartridge carbon dust is 5 × 10-3～1 × 10-2Handkerchief vacuum, carry out Non-oxygen pyrolytic reaction under 600～1500 degrees Celsius.
Most preferably, described in step S2, heating is heated to 600～1000 degrees Celsius.Dried discarded toner cartridge carbon dust is 6.7 × 10-3Handkerchief vacuum, carry out Non-oxygen pyrolytic reaction under 600～1000 degrees Celsius.
The above-mentioned technical method of the present invention is to be pyrolyzed under vacuum environment by discarded toner cartridge carbon dust, polyesters macromolecule organic generation carbon bonds reacts, the low molecule organic matter obtained evaporates the most rapidly, separates with silicon dioxide, ferroso-ferric oxide solid particle；The condensed device of gas pyrolysis obtained further carries out segmentation condensation, the liquid oil Fractional Collections obtained, the mink cell focus that condenser preferential condensation evaporating point is higher, next to that evaporating point relatively low middle matter oil and light oil；On-condensible gas is finally collected in gas collecting bottle, it is achieved being continuously separated of discarded toner cartridge carbon dust different component.Specifically, this technology mainly comprise following some:
(1) by discarded toner cartridge carbon dust feeding pyrolysis reactor is dried and evacuation, now ensure that carbon dust is all stayed in pyrolysis reactor；Pyrolysis reactor is heated by external-heat heating element heater, keeps temperature constant during pyrolytic reaction.
(2) carbon dust carries out high temperature anaerobic pyrolytic reaction under a high vacuum, and polyesters macromolecule organic generation carbon bonds also evaporates the most rapidly, obtains the pyrolysis oil gas based on low molecule organic matter；Pyrolysis oil gas and silicon dioxide, ferroso-ferric oxide solid particle realize separating.
(3) enter in condenser through conveyance conduit and carry out three grades of condensations, the component in pyrolysis oil gas through the also Fractional Collections of liquefaction step by step in oil storage tank.The temperature setting of condenser is the key of liquid oil Fractional Collections, it is ensured that the gas temperature at condensator outlet is higher than the condensation temperature set.
(4) vacuum pump continuous firing during pyrolytic reaction, is collected in gas collecting bottle under the air-extraction function of vacuum pump based on the on-condensible gas of methane, ethylene, propylene etc..After pyrolytic reaction terminates, in reactor, the solid residue such as silicon dioxide, ferroso-ferric oxide is collected in storage tank under the suction of powder adsorption pump.
It addition, a kind of system utilizing the pyrolysis of discarded toner cartridge carbon dust to produce fuel oil, including the pyrolysis reactor, first-stage condenser, secondary condenser, three grades of condensers and the vacuum extractor that are sequentially connected with by conveying pipe.
Utilize the discarded toner cartridge carbon dust of this system pyrolysis to produce fuel oil, first discarded toner cartridge carbon dust is sent in pyrolysis reactor and be dried；Utilize vacuum pump by evacuation in pyrolysis reactor；Recycling external-heat heating element heater heats；Be dried, evacuation, heating process are carried out successively.Carbon dust carries out high temperature anaerobic pyrolytic reaction under a high vacuum, respectively obtains pyrolysis oil gas and the silicon dioxide of residual, ferroso-ferric oxide solid residue；Pyrolysis oil gas is mainly mink cell focus, middle matter oil and the vapor state of light oil, carries out three grades of condensations in transportation pipe sends into three grades of condensers；It is the key of liquid oil Fractional Collections as foundation, the temperature setting of condenser that the condensation temperature of three condensers sets the condensation point according to mink cell focus, middle matter oil and light oil, and pyrolysis oil-gas component is through liquefying step by step and collecting；Pyrolytic process intermediate pump continuous firing, is collected in on-condensible gas in gas collecting bottle；After pyrolytic reaction terminates, the solid residue of residual is collected in storage tank.
The method have the advantages that
(1) pyrolysis of discarded toner cartridge carbon dust in the present invention, condensing, collect course synchronization and carry out, in carbon dust, different component obtains categorised collection, and in carbon dust, toxic organic compound obtains harmless treatment；
(2) discarded toner cartridge carbon dust is placed under fine vacuum, hot conditions by the present invention, shortens carbon dust in the time of staying of high-temperature region, and pyrolytic reaction speed is fast, it is to avoid in fuel oil, impurity content is high, the problem that carbon number distribution scope is wide；Coordinate three grades of condensations, fuel oil quality be improved significantly；
(3) present invention is without adding other materials, small investment low cost, has filled up the blank of discarded toner cartridge carbon dust resource technology, has had significant economic benefit and environmental benefit, and application prospect is extensive.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention utilizes the pyrolysis of discarded toner cartridge carbon dust to produce the process chart of fuel oil method；Wherein: 1 is waste carbon powder；2 is pyrolysis reactor；3 is remaining solid residue；4 is pyrolysis oil gas；5 condense for one-level；6 is B-grade condensation；7 is three grades of condensations；8 is vacuum extractor (such as vacuum pump)；9 is on-condensible gas；10 is transportation pipe.
Detailed description of the invention
Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited in any form by embodiment.Unless stated otherwise, the present invention uses reagent, method and apparatus are the art conventional reagent, method and apparatus.
Unless stated otherwise, following example agents useful for same and material are commercial.
Embodiment 1
The method that the pyrolysis of a kind of discarded toner cartridge carbon dust produces fuel oil, comprises the steps:
S1. it is dried and evacuation: first discarded toner cartridge carbon dust is sent in pyrolysis reactor and will be dried, and utilizes vacuum pump in pyrolysis reactor, will be evacuated to vacuum state (now ensureing that carbon dust is all stayed in pyrolysis reactor), i.e. 6.7 × 10-3Handkerchief vacuum；The moisture of evaporation is pumped down to outside device under the conditions of forvacuum；
S2. heating: utilize external-heat heating element heater to carry out being heated to temperature >=600 degree Celsius, dried discarded toner cartridge carbon dust carries out high temperature anaerobic pyrolytic reaction under a high vacuum, respectively obtains pyrolysis oil gas and solid residue (described solid residue is the silicon dioxide and ferroso-ferric oxide remained)；
S3. fractional condensaion: pyrolysis oil gas enters condenser and carries out three grades of condensations, and pyrolysis oil-gas component is through liquefying step by step and collecting.
Wherein, being pyrolyzed oil gas described in step S2 is that mink cell focus, middle matter oil and the vapor state of light oil, the pyrolysis oil gas of evaporation and solid residue realize separating.
This technology is to be pyrolyzed under vacuum environment by discarded toner cartridge carbon dust, and polyesters macromolecule organic generation carbon bonds reacts, and the low molecule organic matter obtained evaporates the most rapidly, separates with silicon dioxide, ferroso-ferric oxide solid particle；The condensed device of gas pyrolysis obtained further carries out segmentation condensation, the liquid oil Fractional Collections obtained, the mink cell focus that condenser preferential condensation evaporating point is higher, next to that evaporating point relatively low middle matter oil and light oil；On-condensible gas is finally collected in gas collecting bottle, it is achieved being continuously separated of discarded toner cartridge carbon dust different component.Specifically, this technology mainly comprise following some:
(1) by discarded toner cartridge carbon dust feeding pyrolysis reactor is dried and evacuation, now ensure that carbon dust is all stayed in pyrolysis reactor；Pyrolysis reactor is heated by external-heat heating element heater, keeps temperature constant during pyrolytic reaction.
(2) carbon dust carries out high temperature anaerobic pyrolytic reaction under a high vacuum, and polyesters macromolecule organic generation carbon bonds also evaporates the most rapidly, obtains the pyrolysis oil gas based on low molecule organic matter；Pyrolysis oil gas and silicon dioxide, ferroso-ferric oxide solid particle realize separating.
(3) enter in condenser through conveyance conduit and carry out three grades of condensations, the component in pyrolysis oil gas through the also Fractional Collections of liquefaction step by step in oil storage tank.The temperature setting of condenser is the key of liquid oil Fractional Collections, it is ensured that the gas temperature at condensator outlet is higher than the condensation temperature set.
(4) vacuum pump continuous firing during pyrolytic reaction, is collected in gas collecting bottle under the air-extraction function of vacuum pump based on the on-condensible gas of methane, ethylene, propylene etc..After pyrolytic reaction terminates, in reactor, the solid residue such as silicon dioxide, ferroso-ferric oxide is collected in storage tank under the suction of powder adsorption pump.
Embodiment 2
The pyrolysis of a kind of discarded toner cartridge carbon dust produces the system of fuel oil, and technological process is as shown in Figure 1.
Discarded toner cartridge carbon dust is sent in pyrolysis reactor (2) and is dried；Utilize vacuum pump (8) by evacuation in pyrolysis reactor；External-heat heating element heater is utilized to heat.Be dried, evacuation, heating process are carried out successively.
Carbon dust carries out high temperature anaerobic pyrolytic reaction under a high vacuum, respectively obtains pyrolysis oil gas and the silicon dioxide of residual, ferroso-ferric oxide solid residue (3)；Pyrolysis oil gas is mainly mink cell focus, middle matter oil and the vapor state of light oil, carries out three grades of condensations (5,6,7) in transportation pipe sends into condenser；It is the key of liquid oil Fractional Collections as foundation, the temperature setting of condenser that the condensation temperature of three condensers sets the condensation point according to mink cell focus, middle matter oil and light oil, and pyrolysis oil-gas component is through liquefying step by step and collecting；Pyrolytic process intermediate pump continuous firing, is collected in on-condensible gas (9) in gas collecting bottle；After pyrolytic reaction terminates, the solid residue of residual is collected in storage tank.
The method according to the invention, uses drying mode can improve C/H ratio and the C/O ratio of carbon dust, to reduce the generation of the secondary product such as coke and carbon dioxide.Silicon dioxide in toner component, ferriferrous oxide particles play condensation nuclei effect, can reduce the coke attachment at reactor inner surface as the carrier of secondary product coke attachment.
The method according to the invention, pyrolytic reaction is Tong Bu with condensation removal process and is carried out continuously, and the pyrolysis oil gas that pyrolytic reaction obtains carries out three grades of condensations in entering condenser.3 condensers use series system, and in condensers at different levels, the liquefaction of oil gas is collected and individually carried out, and the temperature of condensers at different levels sets and control is crucial.
Embodiment 3
1, the discarded toner cartridge carbon dust of collection is obtained from certain fixed-end forces center, take 300g carbon dust sample, send in pyrolysis reactor, utilize system described in embodiment 2 to be pyrolyzed, pyrolysis temperature is set in 700 degrees Celsius, and three grades of condensation temperatures are respectively set as 40 degrees Celsius, 180 degrees Celsius, 290 degrees Celsius.Three kinds of oil gas of final acquisition.
2, the polyesters material in discarded toner cartridge toner component is mainly polycrylates-polystyrene after above-mentioned pyrolysis processing, utilizes high performance liquid chromatography that mink cell focus is carried out analysis of oil, utilizes gas chromatogram centering matter oil, light oil to carry out analysis of oil.
Result shows, wherein, mink cell focus productivity is less, and component includes the high polymer of a small amount of styrene and acrylate, it may be possible in temperature-rise period, melted evaporation is caused；The component of middle matter oil is mainly styrene monomer, acrylate monomer and derivant thereof；Light oil comprises multiple alkene.
3 it addition, through measuring, it is thus achieved that mink cell focus, middle matter oil and the quality of light oil good.
Claims (10)
1. the method that a discarded toner cartridge carbon dust pyrolysis produces fuel oil, it is characterised in that be first dried by discarded toner cartridge carbon dust, heating carries out high temperature anaerobic pyrolytic reaction the most under vacuum conditions, obtains being pyrolyzed oil gas and solid residue.
Discard the method that the pyrolysis of toner cartridge carbon dust produces fuel oil the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pyrolysis oil gas condenses through segmentation, and Fractional Collections obtains liquid oil.
Discard the method that the pyrolysis of toner cartridge carbon dust produces fuel oil the most according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described pyrolysis oil gas is mink cell focus, middle matter oil and the vapor state of light oil, described segmentation condensation is three grades of segmentation condensations, and condensation temperature sets respectively according to the condensation point of mink cell focus, middle matter oil and light oil.
4. the method producing fuel oil according to the pyrolysis of claims 1 to 3 arbitrary described discarded toner cartridge carbon dust, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
S1. it is dried and evacuation: first discarded toner cartridge carbon dust is sent in pyrolysis reactor and be dried, and be evacuated to vacuum state by pyrolysis reactor；
S2. heating: utilizing external-heat heating element heater to heat, dried discarded toner cartridge carbon dust carries out high temperature anaerobic pyrolytic reaction under a high vacuum, respectively obtains pyrolysis oil gas and solid residue；
S3. fractional condensaion: pyrolysis oil gas sequentially enters three condensers and carries out three grades of condensations, and pyrolysis oil-gas component is through liquefying step by step and collecting.
Discard the method that the pyrolysis of toner cartridge carbon dust produces fuel oil the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that pyrolytic process intermediate pump continuous firing, on-condensible gas is collected in gas collecting bottle；After pyrolytic reaction terminates, the solid residue of residual is collected in storage tank.
The most according to claim 4, discard the method that the pyrolysis of toner cartridge carbon dust produces fuel oil, it is characterised in that described condenser uses circulating water cooling system, the condensation temperature of three condensers sets according to the condensation point of mink cell focus, middle matter oil and light oil.
Discard the method that the pyrolysis of toner cartridge carbon dust produces fuel oil the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described pyrolysis reactor and condenser are airtight and continuous print, it is ensured that pyrolysis reactor and condenser are in same vacuum state.
Discard the method that the pyrolysis of toner cartridge carbon dust produces fuel oil the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described pyrolytic reaction process, condensation collection process are that continuous synchronization is carried out with on-condensible gas collection process.
Discard the method that the pyrolysis of toner cartridge carbon dust produces fuel oil the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that being evacuated to vacuum state described in step S1 is to be evacuated to 5 × 10-3～1 × 10-2Handkerchief vacuum.
Discard the method that the pyrolysis of toner cartridge carbon dust produces fuel oil the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that heating described in step S2 is heated to temperature and is not less than 600 degrees Celsius.
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