CN105819755B - Cement mortar - Google Patents
Cement mortar Download PDFInfo
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- CN105819755B CN105819755B CN201510500243.6A CN201510500243A CN105819755B CN 105819755 B CN105819755 B CN 105819755B CN 201510500243 A CN201510500243 A CN 201510500243A CN 105819755 B CN105819755 B CN 105819755B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cement mortar, include the ingredient of following mass percentage：Electromagnetic shielding material 50%~80%, cement 15%~45%, filler 1%~4%, fiber 0~0.5% and organic additive 0.1%~2%.The cement mortar of the present invention has the function of electromagnetic wave shielding, has higher shield effectiveness to the electromagnetic wave of 10kHz~18GHz.The cement mortar of the present invention has the building performance parameter similar with common plastering mortar, can be applied to the making of the inner-outer wall coat of plaster of various buildings, and common construction means may be used and smear, application is convenient, dependable performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cement mortar technical fields, and in particular to a kind of cement mortar has the function of electromagnetic wave shielding.
Background technology
Due to the rapid development of science and technology, in a large amount of electronic apparatus application to daily life, and the thing followed is multiple
Miscellaneous electromagnetic wave environment pollution.It is a kind of common in one layer of functional layer with electromagnetic wave shielding or absorption of building wall construction
Shielding electromagnetic wave method.In existing scheme, the shield effectiveness of shielding material is poor, and content is low, to shielding electromagnetic waves
Effect is poor.In addition, existing shielding construction is more complex, shielding wave band is typically limited to only high frequency, and intensity is relatively low.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of cement mortar is provided, cement mortar tool
There is wider shielding wave band.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of cement mortar includes the ingredient of following mass percentage：Electromagnetic shielding material 50%~80%, cement
15%~45%, filler 1%~4%, fiber 0~0.5% and organic additive 0.1%~2%.
Further：The electromagnetic shielding material is selected from graphite, carbon black, iron ore, carbon fiber and Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder
At least one of.
Further：Mass percentage of the iron ore in the electromagnetic shielding material is not less than 70%.
Further：Mass percentage of the Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder in the electromagnetic shielding material is not less than
5%.
Further：The quality percentage of the graphite, the carbon black and the carbon fiber in the electromagnetic shielding material
Content is not higher than 25%.
Further：The dosage of the carbon black is 1/4 or less the dosage of the graphite.
Further：The mass percentage that the graphite accounts for the electromagnetic shielding material is 2%~18%, the carbon black
The mass percentage for accounting for the electromagnetic shielding material is 0.4%~4%, and the iron ore accounts for the electromagnetic shielding material
Mass percentage be 71%~90%, the carbon fiber account for the electromagnetic shielding material mass percentage be 0%
~2%, the mass percentage that the Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder accounts for the electromagnetic shielding material is 5%~8%.
Further：The granularity of the graphite is 1~100 μm；And/or granularity 10nm~100nm of the carbon black；With/
Or, the granularity of the iron ore is 100 μm~5mm；And/or a diameter of 6~8 μm of the carbon fiber, length are 3~5mm；
And/or the granularity of the Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder is 10 μm~100 μm.
Further：The cement is portland cement；And/or the filler is white lime；And/or the fiber is wood
Matter fiber；And/or the organic additive is selected from redispersible latex powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, starch ether and water-reducing agent
At least one of.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
1, cement mortar of the invention has the function of electromagnetic wave shielding, has to the electromagnetic wave of 10kHz~18GHz higher
Shield effectiveness.
2, cement mortar of the invention has the building performance parameter similar with common plastering mortar, can be applied to various
The making of the inner-outer wall coat of plaster of building may be used common construction means and smear, and application is convenient, dependable performance.
Description of the drawings
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, in attached drawing：
Fig. 1 is the shield effectiveness test result figure of the cement mortar of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein a is the screen of embodiment 1
Efficiency is covered, b is the shield effectiveness of embodiment 2, and c is the shield effectiveness of embodiment 3, and d is the shield effectiveness of embodiment 4, and e is comparison
The shield effectiveness of example 1, f are the shield effectiveness of comparative example 2.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
The invention discloses a kind of cement mortar.The cement mortar includes the ingredient of following mass percentage：Electromagnetic wave
Shielding material 50%~80%, cement 15%~45%, filler 1%~4%, fiber 0~0.5% and organic additive 0.1%
~2%.
Wherein, electromagnetic shielding material in graphite, carbon black, iron ore, carbon fiber and Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder extremely
Few one kind.Graphite, carbon black and carbon fiber are conductive material, can play the role of electromagnetic wave shielding.Iron ore contains greatly
The magnetic ferriferous oxide of tool of amount, such as ferroso-ferric oxide so that iron ore has certain magnetic conductivity, can shield electromagnetism
Wave.Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder has very high magnetic conductivity, can improve low frequency shield effectiveness, expands the screen of cement mortar entirety
Cover range.
Preferably, the granularity of graphite is 1~100 μm.The granularity of carbon black is 10nm~100nm.The granularity of iron ore is 100
μm~5mm.By the particle size range of preferred iron ore, the grading that can reach sand in general mortar requires (namely grain size
Combination require), to make its replace sand become cement mortar in aggregate materials, improve cement mortar compression strength and
Yi Xing, cement mortar is made to have practical operability.The specific grading requires to be referred to GB/T 14686-2011《Building
Use sand》.A diameter of 6~8 μm of carbon fiber, length are 3~5mm, it is preferred that a diameter of 7 μm of carbon fiber, length 4mm.Iron
The granularity of base microcrystallizing alloy powder is 10 μm~100 μm.It is furthermore preferred that graphite particle size is more than 50 μm, the granularity of carbon black is more than 30nm.
If the undersized of graphite and carbon black, difficulties in dispersion, increase the processing stirring difficulty of mortar, while destroying bone in mortar
The size grading of material easily reduces the compression strength of mortar, increases the use difficulty of mortar.
Preferably, mass percentage of the iron ore in electromagnetic shielding material is not less than 70%.Therefore, work as electromagnetic wave
When shielding material is composition, iron ore is as main body electromagnetic shielding material.In addition, for the composition of electromagnetic shielding material
Also contemplate cost.Due to the cost highest of Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder, next carbon fiber, graphite and carbon black, the cost of iron ore
It is minimum, therefore, select the main body using iron ore as electromagnetic shielding material.
Preferably, mass percentage of the Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder in electromagnetic shielding material is not less than 5%.Because of iron
Base microcrystallizing alloy powder low-frequency range have higher magnetic conductivity, can effectively reinforced cement mortar in low-frequency range to electromagnetic field
Shielding.If the content of Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder is too low, this effect unobvious.
Preferably, the mass percentage of graphite, carbon black and carbon fiber in electromagnetic shielding material is not higher than 25%.This
The grain size of different materials is typically small, and a large amount of additions can influence the intensity of cement mortar, increases difficulty of construction, while these materials
Cost is higher, a large amount of to use the extensive use for being also unfavorable for cement mortar.Particularly, the granularity of graphite and carbon black is smaller, if
Their too high levels then can cause fine powder excessive, be not easy to reach size grading requirement, reduce mortar compression strength and easily
Property, so that it is not had practicability.
Preferably, the dosage of carbon black is the 1/4 or less of the dosage of graphite.Because the specific surface area of carbon black is bigger than graphite, when
The additive amount of carbon black be graphite a quarter or it is lower when, the addition of carbon black and graphite can improve conduction to a certain extent
Property, increase the radioshielding efficiency of cement mortar；In addition, the grain size of carbon black is generally tens nanometers, the grain size of carbon black relative to
Graphite wants small, and particle size carbon black is smaller so that specific surface area is very big, and in practical application, addition can excessively cause the dispersion of carbon black tired
Difficulty reduces the compression strength of whole mortar, also increases the practice of construction difficulty of mortar.
Preferably, the mass percentage that graphite accounts for electromagnetic shielding material is 2%~18%, and carbon black accounts for electromagnetic wave shielding
The mass percentage of material be 0.4%~4%, iron ore account for electromagnetic shielding material mass percentage be 71%~
90%, the mass percentage that carbon fiber accounts for electromagnetic shielding material is 0%~2%, and Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder accounts for electromagnetism wave screen
The mass percentage for covering material is 5%~8%.
Cement is portland cement.Preferably, which is Portland cement, for example, 425 ordinary portland cements.As
The building mortar of cement base, cement are essential ingredients.Each ingredient of cement mortar in addition to can be bonded at one by cement
In vitro, necessary intensity can also be provided, to use.If the mass percentage of cement is less than 15%, generate
Bonding effect is too low, and mortar is difficult that bonding forms a complete functional layer；If the mass percentage of cement is higher than
45%, then it will certainly reduce the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of cement mortar.
Filler is white lime.White lime can improve the early epistasis and intensity of cement mortar to a certain extent, be conducive to
The site operation of cement mortar.If the mass percentage of white lime filler is less than 1%, filler is for improving cement mortar
Early epistasis and intensity effect unobvious；If the mass percentage of white lime filler is higher than 4%, due to white lime
Reactivity causes the unstable of cement mortar system.
Fiber is wood fibre.A certain amount of wood fibre is added in cement mortar, can inhibit mortar to a certain degree
Layer cracking, improves the workability that can be constructed；But the mass percentage of wood fibre can influence cement bonded sand if it exceeds 0.5%
The stability of ontology is starched, while cost is consequently increased.
Organic additive in redispersible latex powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, starch ether and water-reducing agent at least
It is a kind of.Redispersible rubber powder is a kind of organic cementitious material, can increase the cohesive force of cement mortar, cohesive force and flexible
Property.Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose plays the role of high-performance water-retaining agent, can effectively reduce the Qinshui rate and delamination degree of cement mortar.
Starch ether has good compatibility with other organic additives, is used cooperatively with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, has good association
Same effect.Suitable starch ether can significantly improve the sag resistance and anti-slipping property of cement mortar, and that improves cement mortar can
Application property.Water-reducing agent is typically a kind of surfactant, cement particle surface can be made to show electrical property, particle is due to same sex phase
Repel, to release extra moisture between particle, has the function that reduce water consumption and increase intensity.If organic additive
Mass percentage is less than 0.1%, then can not play corresponding function；If the mass percentage of organic additive is higher than 2%,
The effects that its enhancing, diminishing, raising water retention, tends to be saturated, and will not significantly improve its corresponding function, also accordingly increase material
Expect cost.
In conclusion cement mortar provided by the invention, has been especially added with Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder, this magnetism of material energy
It is excellent, there is higher magnetic conductivity, and resistivity is relatively low, can effectively shield low frequency (20MHz or less) electromagnetic field, while water
The mass percentage of electromagnetic shielding material is more than 50% in cement mortar, and electromagnetic shielding material content is relatively high, and body
Sand is free of in system, in remaining ingredient in addition to cement content is higher, the content of other components is relatively low.This material mixture ratio is significantly increased
The bandwidth of maskable electromagnetic wave can reach higher shield effectiveness in wider frequency section, and its building performance parameter meets
General plastering mortar requirement, wherein 28d compression strength are more than 5MPa, and intensity is higher, suitable for making building plastering layer.It is applying
When, one layer of cement mortar only need to be smeared, makes simple in structure, can be simultaneously reached preferable effectiveness.
With specific embodiment, the following further describes the technical solution of the present invention below.
Shield effectiveness in following embodiment and comparative examples is carried out according to the screened room method described in GB/T 30142-2013
It measures.The size of test specimens block is 600mm*600mm*10mm (long * wide * thick), test frequency point is 14kHz, 200kHz, 15MHz,
100MHz、450MHz、950MHz、3GHz、6GHz、10GHz、18GHz
Embodiment 1
The electromagnetic shielding material of the cement mortar of embodiment 1 is by graphite, carbon black, iron ore, carbon fiber and iron-based crystallite
Alloyed powder forms.The organic additive of the cement mortar of embodiment 1 by redispersible latex powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose,
Starch ether and water-reducing agent composition.Wood fibre is not contained in the cement mortar of embodiment 1.The cement mortar of embodiment 1 it is specific
Ingredient is as shown in table 1, and the compression strength of cement mortar is as shown in table 1, and the shield effectiveness of cement mortar is as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 2
The electromagnetic shielding material of the cement mortar of embodiment 2 is by graphite, carbon black, iron ore, carbon fiber and iron-based crystallite
Alloyed powder forms.The organic additive of the cement mortar of embodiment 2 by redispersible latex powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose,
Starch ether and water-reducing agent composition.The specific ingredient of the cement mortar of embodiment 2 is as shown in table 1, and the compression strength of cement mortar is such as
Shown in table 1, the shield effectiveness of cement mortar is as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 3
The electromagnetic shielding material of the cement mortar of embodiment 3 is by graphite, carbon black, iron ore and Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder group
At.The organic additive of the cement mortar of embodiment 3 is by redispersible latex powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and starch ether group
At.The specific ingredient of the cement mortar of embodiment 3 is as shown in table 1, and the compression strength of cement mortar is as shown in table 1, cement mortar
Shield effectiveness it is as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 4
The electromagnetic shielding material of the cement mortar of embodiment 4 is by graphite, carbon black, iron ore, carbon fiber and iron-based crystallite
Alloyed powder forms.The organic additive of the cement mortar of embodiment 4 is by hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, starch ether and water-reducing agent group
At.The specific ingredient of the cement mortar of embodiment 4 is as shown in table 1, and the compression strength of cement mortar is as shown in table 1, cement mortar
Shield effectiveness it is as shown in Figure 1.
Comparative example 1
The electromagnetic shielding material of the cement mortar of comparative example 1 is by graphite, carbon black, iron ore and Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder group
At.Content of the Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder in electromagnetic shielding material in comparative example 1 is limited less than technical scheme of the present invention
Content of the Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder in electromagnetic shielding material.The organic additive of the cement mortar of comparative example 1 by that can divide again
Dissipate property latex powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, starch ether and water-reducing agent composition.Without containing wooden in the cement mortar of comparative example 1
Fiber.Content of the content of cement in comparative example 1 less than cement defined by technical scheme of the present invention.The water of comparative example 1
The specific ingredient of cement mortar is as shown in table 1, and the compression strength of cement mortar is as shown in table 1, shield effectiveness such as Fig. 1 of cement mortar
It is shown.
Comparative example 2
The electromagnetic shielding material of the cement mortar of comparative example 2 is by graphite, carbon black, iron ore, carbon fiber and iron-based crystallite
Alloyed powder forms.The content of electromagnetic shielding material in comparative example 2 is electromagnetically shielded less than defined by technical scheme of the present invention
The content of material.The organic additive of the cement mortar of comparative example 2 by redispersible latex powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and
Starch ether forms.Wood fibre is not contained in the cement mortar of comparative example 2.The content of cement in comparative example 2 is more than the present invention
Technical solution defined by cement content.The specific ingredient of the cement mortar of comparative example 2 is as shown in table 1, cement mortar
Compression strength is as shown in table 1, and the shield effectiveness of cement mortar is as shown in Figure 1.
The specific ingredient and compression strength of 1 cement mortar of table
The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness that can be seen that Examples 1 to 4 from the result of table 1 and Fig. 1 is all higher than 22dB, and highest can
To reach 95dB or more, while compression strength is all higher than 5MPa, meets in GB/T25181-2010 to dry-mixed plastering mortar M5's
Technology requirement.From the performance test results of Examples 1 to 4 it can also be seen that in the cement mortar of the present invention, the content of cement is straight
The height for determining compression strength, that is, cement content height are connect, then compression strength is high；But in same cement content situation
Under, that is, when shielding material content is identical, iron ore is conducive to improve compression strength.This is because the grain size of iron ore compared with
Greatly, aggregate can be played the role of, not only increase compression strength, be also beneficial to improve the application property of material.On the other hand, implement
In example 1~4, the mass percentage that Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder accounts for shielding material is all higher than 5%, can effectively improve mortar low
The shield effectiveness of the shield effectiveness of frequency wave band (14kHz, 200kHz, 15MHz), three frequency points is averagely more than 30dB, and two right
In ratio, mass percentage is below 5%, and corresponding low frequency shield effectiveness is relatively low.
Compared with Examples 1 to 4, the test frequency point of the shield effectiveness of comparative example 1 in 15MHz or more does not increase significantly
It is long.Since Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder content is relatively low, in the case where the shield effectiveness of the test frequency point of 14kHz and 200kHz has significantly
Drop.In actual use simultaneously, since cement content is less, plus during water mix, it is hardly formed good fluidity
Slurry, and lower compressive strength is less than 5MPa, is unsatisfactory for GB/T25181-2010 and wanted to the technology of dry-mixed plastering mortar M5
It asks, it is difficult to practical application.
Compared with Examples 1 to 4, comparative example 2 is since electromagnetic shielding material content is low, although compression strength is higher,
It is since cement content is excessively high, electromagnetic shielding material is discontinuous in the screed resulted in, results in the leakage of electromagnetic wave,
Being remarkably decreased occurs in shield effectiveness, and shielding index is too low, is not enough to reach user's requirement.
In conclusion the shielding wave band of the cement mortar of the present invention is wider, and it is simple in structure, only need one layer of water of 10mm thickness
Silt particle pulp layer, you can reach preferable shield effectiveness, minimum screen effect reaches 22dB, up to 90dB or more.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention made by within refreshing and principle.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of cement mortar, which is characterized in that include the ingredient of following mass percentage：Electromagnetic shielding material 50%~
80%, cement 15%~45%, filler 1%~4%, fiber 0~0.5% and organic additive 0.1%~2%；
The electromagnetic shielding material is selected from graphite, carbon black, iron ore, carbon fiber and Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder, and, the electromagnetism
Wave shielding material is at least made of graphite, carbon black, iron ore and Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder；
Mass percentage of the iron ore in the electromagnetic shielding material is not less than 70%；The Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy
Mass percentage of the powder in the electromagnetic shielding material is not less than 5%；The graphite, the carbon black and the carbon fiber
Mass percentage of the sum of the three kinds of substances in the electromagnetic shielding material is not higher than 25%；The dosage of the carbon black is institute
State 1/4 or less the dosage of graphite.
2. cement mortar as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The graphite accounts for the quality of the electromagnetic shielding material
Percentage composition is 2%~18%, and the mass percentage that the carbon black accounts for the electromagnetic shielding material is 0.4%~4%, institute
It is 71%~90% to state iron ore and account for the mass percentage of the electromagnetic shielding material, and the carbon fiber accounts for the electromagnetic wave
The mass percentage of shielding material is 0%~2%, and the Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder accounts for the quality of the electromagnetic shielding material
Percentage composition is 5%~8%.
3. cement mortar as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The granularity of the graphite is 1~100 μm；And/or
Granularity 10nm~100nm of the carbon black；And/or the granularity of the iron ore is 100 μm~5mm；And/or the carbon fiber
A diameter of 6~8 μm, length be 3~5mm；And/or the granularity of the Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder is 10 μm~100 μm.
4. cement mortar as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The cement is portland cement；And/or it described fills out
Material is white lime；And/or the fiber is wood fibre；And/or the organic additive is selected from redispersible latex powder, hydroxyl
At least one of propyl methocel, starch ether and water-reducing agent.
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106380139A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-02-08 | 长屏(北京)电磁防护技术有限公司 | Radar wave protection cement mortar |
| CN107540288A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-01-05 | 海门市兵杰农产品有限公司 | Plant's exterior wall anticracking cement mortar |
| CN107954662B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2020-11-24 | 航天长屏科技有限公司 | Self-repairing electromagnetic protection cement mortar |
| CN110156407A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-08-23 | 武汉奥科科技发展有限公司 | A kind of dry-mixed flexible adhesion mortar of cement base preformulation |
| CN112609525B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-12-27 | 中建材科创新技术研究院(山东)有限公司 | Microwave shielding concrete roadbed, microwave shielding road and manufacturing method thereof, and road deicing and snow melting method |
| CN112645659A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-13 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | Cement-based composite material for shielding electromagnetic wave in wide frequency band and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116217148A (en) * | 2023-03-08 | 2023-06-06 | 安方高科电磁安全技术(北京)有限公司 | Electromagnetic shielding cement mortar and preparation method thereof |
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