CN105819755A - Cement mortar - Google Patents
Cement mortar Download PDFInfo
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- CN105819755A CN105819755A CN201510500243.6A CN201510500243A CN105819755A CN 105819755 A CN105819755 A CN 105819755A CN 201510500243 A CN201510500243 A CN 201510500243A CN 105819755 A CN105819755 A CN 105819755A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cement mortar. The cement mortar comprises, by mass, 50 to 80% of an electromagnetic wave shielding material, 15 to 45% of cement, 1 to 4% of a filling material, 0 to 0.5% of fiber and 0.1 to 2% of an organic additive. The cement mortar has an electromagnetic wave shielding function and exerts high shielding effect on electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 10 KHz to 18 GHz. The cement mortar provided by the invention has building performance parameters similar to the building performance parameters of common plastering mortar, can be applied to manufacturing of floated coats of interior and exterior walls of a variety of buildings and be smeared by using common construction means, and is convenient to apply and reliable in performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cement mortar technical field, be specifically related to a kind of cement mortar, there is electromagnetic wave shielding function.
Background technology
Due to developing rapidly of science and technology, in substantial amounts of electronic apparatus application to daily life, and the thing followed is complicated electromagnetic wave environment pollution.Construct one layer at building wall and there is the functional layer of electromagnetic wave shielding or absorption, be a kind of method of common shielding electromagnetic wave.In existing scheme, the shield effectiveness of shielding material is poor, and content is low, poor to shielding electromagnetic waves effect.Additionally, existing shielding construction is more complicated, shielding wave band is typically limited to only high frequency, and intensity is relatively low.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, it is provided that a kind of cement mortar, this cement mortar has wider shielding wave band.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of cement mortar, including the composition of following weight/mass percentage composition: electromagnetic shielding material 50%～80%, cement 15%～45%, filler 1%～4%, fiber 0～0.5% and organic additive 0.1%～2%.
Further: at least one in graphite, white carbon black, iron ore, carbon fiber and Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder of described electromagnetic shielding material.
Further: described iron ore weight/mass percentage composition in described electromagnetic shielding material is not less than 70%.
Further: described Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder weight/mass percentage composition in described electromagnetic shielding material is not less than 5%.
Further: described graphite, described white carbon black and described carbon fiber weight/mass percentage composition in described electromagnetic shielding material are not higher than 25%.
Further: the consumption of described white carbon black is less than the 1/4 of the consumption of described graphite.
Further: it is 2%～18% that described graphite accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of described electromagnetic shielding material, it is 0.4%～4% that described white carbon black accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of described electromagnetic shielding material, it is 71%～90% that described iron ore accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of described electromagnetic shielding material, it is 0%～2% that described carbon fiber accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of described electromagnetic shielding material, and it is 5%～8% that described Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of described electromagnetic shielding material.
Further: the granularity of described graphite is 1～100 μm；And/or, granularity 10nm of described white carbon black～100nm；And/or, the granularity of described iron ore is 100 μm～5mm；And/or, a diameter of 6～8 μm of described carbon fiber, a length of 3～5mm；And/or, the granularity of described Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder is 10 μm～100 μm.
Further: described cement is portland cement；And/or, described filler is Calx；And/or, described fiber is wood fibre；And/or, at least one in redispersible latex powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, starch ether and water reducer of described organic additive.
Beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows:
1, the cement mortar of the present invention has electromagnetic wave shielding function, and the electromagnetic wave of 10kHz～18GHz is had higher shield effectiveness.
2, the cement mortar of the present invention has the building performance parameter similar with common plastering mortar, can apply to the making of the inner-outer wall coat of plaster of various building, and conventional construction means can be used to smear, and it is convenient to apply, dependable performance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the shield effectiveness test result figure of the cement mortar of embodiments of the invention, wherein, a is the shield effectiveness of embodiment 1, b is the shield effectiveness of embodiment 2, c is the shield effectiveness of embodiment 3, d is the shield effectiveness of embodiment 4, and e is the shield effectiveness of comparative example 1, and f is the shield effectiveness of comparative example 2.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention discloses a kind of cement mortar.This cement mortar includes the composition of following weight/mass percentage composition: electromagnetic shielding material 50%～80%, cement 15%～45%, filler 1%～4%, fiber 0～0.5% and organic additive 0.1%～2%.
Wherein, at least one in graphite, white carbon black, iron ore, carbon fiber and Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder of electromagnetic shielding material.Graphite, white carbon black and carbon fiber are conductive material, and it can play the effect of electromagnetic wave shielding.Iron ore contains the magnetic iron oxides of substantial amounts of tool, such as ferroso-ferric oxide etc. so that iron ore has certain magnetic conductivity, can shield electromagnetic wave.Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder, has the highest pcrmeability, can improve low frequency shield effectiveness, expands the shield ranges that cement mortar is overall.
Preferably, the granularity of graphite is 1～100 μm.The granularity of white carbon black is 10nm～100nm.The granularity of iron ore is 100 μm～5mm.Particle size range by preferred iron ore, the grating that can reach sand in general mortar requires (namely mechanical fraction requirement), so that it replaces sand to become the aggregate materials in cement mortar, improve the comprcssive strength of cement mortar, workability, make cement mortar possess actual operability.This concrete grating requires to be referred to GB/T14686-2011 " building sand ".A diameter of 6～8 μm of carbon fiber, a length of 3～5mm, it is preferred that a diameter of 7 μm of carbon fiber, a length of 4mm.The granularity of Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder is 10 μm～100 μm.It is furthermore preferred that graphite particle size is more than 30nm more than 50 μm, the granularity of white carbon black.If graphite and the undersized of white carbon black, then difficulties in dispersion, increase the processing stirring difficulty of mortar, destroy the size grading of aggregate in mortar simultaneously, easily reduce the comprcssive strength of mortar, increase the use difficulty of mortar.
Preferably, iron ore weight/mass percentage composition in electromagnetic shielding material is not less than 70%.Therefore, when electromagnetic shielding material is compositions, iron ore is as main body electromagnetic shielding material.Additionally, the composition for electromagnetic shielding material also contemplates cost.Owing to the cost of Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder is the highest, secondly carbon fiber, graphite and white carbon black, the cost of iron ore is minimum, therefore, selects the main body using iron ore as electromagnetic shielding material.
Preferably, Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder weight/mass percentage composition in electromagnetic shielding material is not less than 5%.Because Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder has higher pcrmeability in low-frequency range, can effectively reinforced cement mortar in the low-frequency range shielding to electromagnetic field.If the content of Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder is too low, the most this effect is inconspicuous.
Preferably, graphite, white carbon black and the carbon fiber weight/mass percentage composition in electromagnetic shielding material is not higher than 25%.The particle diameter of this different materials is typically small, and a large amount of interpolations can affect the intensity of cement mortar, increases difficulty of construction, and these material costs are higher simultaneously, and a large amount of uses are also unfavorable for the extensive application of cement mortar.Particularly, the granularity of graphite and white carbon black is less, if their too high levels, then fine powder can be caused too much, be difficult to reach size grading requirement, reduce the comprcssive strength of mortar, workability so that it is do not possess practicality.
Preferably, the consumption of white carbon black be graphite consumption less than 1/4.Because the specific surface area of white carbon black is bigger than graphite, when the addition of white carbon black be 1/4th of graphite or lower time, the addition of white carbon black and graphite can improve electric conductivity to a certain extent, increases the radioshielding usefulness of cement mortar；Additionally, the particle diameter of white carbon black is generally tens nanometers, the particle diameter of white carbon black is little relative to graphite, particle size carbon black is less makes specific surface area very big, in actual application, adds the difficulties in dispersion that too much can cause white carbon black, reduce the comprcssive strength of overall mortar, too increase the practice of construction difficulty of mortar.
Preferably, it is 2%～18% that graphite accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of electromagnetic shielding material, it is 0.4%～4% that white carbon black accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of electromagnetic shielding material, it is 71%～90% that iron ore accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of electromagnetic shielding material, it is 0%～2% that carbon fiber accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of electromagnetic shielding material, and it is 5%～8% that Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of electromagnetic shielding material.
Cement is portland cement.Preferably, this cement is Portland cement, such as, and 425 ordinary portland cements.As the building mortar of cement based, cement is requisite composition.Cement except can by bonding for each composition of cement mortar integral in addition to, it is also possible to provide necessary intensity, in order to use.If the weight/mass percentage composition of cement is less than 15%, then its bonding effect produced is too low, and mortar is difficult to one complete functional layer of bonding formation；If the weight/mass percentage composition of cement is higher than 45%, then will certainly reduce the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of cement mortar.
Filler is Calx.Calx can improve the epistasis and the site operation of intensity, beneficially cement mortar morning of cement mortar to a certain extent.If the weight/mass percentage composition of Calx filler is less than 1%, then filler for improve cement mortar morning epistasis and the effect of intensity inconspicuous；If the weight/mass percentage composition of Calx filler is higher than 4%, then due to the reactivity of Calx, cause the instability of cement mortar system.
Fiber is wood fibre.In cement mortar, add a certain amount of wood fibre, can to a certain degree suppress screed to ftracture, improve the workability that can construct；But the weight/mass percentage composition of wood fibre is if it exceeds 0.5%, can affect the stability of cement mortar body, cost is consequently increased simultaneously.
At least one in redispersible latex powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, starch ether and water reducer of organic additive.Redispersible rubber powder is a kind of organic gel gel material, can increase the cohesiveness of cement mortar, cohesive force and pliability.Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose plays the effect of high-performance water-retaining agent, can effectively reduce Qinshui rate and the delamination degree of cement mortar.Starch ether and other organic additives have the good compatibility, with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose with the use of, there is good cooperative effect.Appropriate starch ether can significantly improve sag resistance and the anti-slipping property of cement mortar, and that improves cement mortar can application property.Water reducer is typically a kind of surfactant, and cement particle surface can be made to show electrical property, and granule repels mutually due to the same sex, thus discharges moisture unnecessary between granule, reaches reduce water consumption and increase the effect of intensity.If the weight/mass percentage composition of organic additive is less than 0.1%, then cannot play corresponding function；If the weight/mass percentage composition of organic additive is higher than 2%, its enhancing, diminishing, raising water retention etc. act on and tend to saturated, will not significantly improve its corresponding function, add material cost the most accordingly.
In sum, the cement mortar that the present invention provides, has been especially added with Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder, and this magnetism of material can be excellent, there is higher pcrmeability, and resistivity is relatively low, can effectively shield low frequency (below 20MHz) electromagnetic field, in cement mortar, the weight/mass percentage composition of electromagnetic shielding material is more than 50% simultaneously, electromagnetic shielding material content is of a relatively high, and without sand in system, in remaining ingredient in addition to cement content is higher, the content of other component is relatively low.This material mixture ratio is added significantly to the bandwidth of maskable electromagnetic wave, can reach higher shield effectiveness in wider frequency section, and its building performance parameter meets general motar requirement, wherein 28d comprcssive strength is more than 5MPa, intensity is higher, suitable for making building plastering layer.In use, one layer of cement mortar only need to be smeared, make simple in construction, can be simultaneously reached preferable effectiveness.
With specific embodiment, technical scheme is described further below.
Shield effectiveness in following embodiment and comparative example measures according to the screened room method described in GB/T30142-2013.The size of test specimens block is 600mm*600mm*10mm (long * width * is thick), and test frequency is 14kHz, 200kHz, 15MHz, 100MHz, 450MHz, 950MHz, 3GHz, 6GHz, 10GHz, 18GHz
Embodiment 1
The electromagnetic shielding material of the cement mortar of embodiment 1 is made up of graphite, white carbon black, iron ore, carbon fiber and Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder.The organic additive of the cement mortar of embodiment 1 is made up of redispersible latex powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, starch ether and water reducer.The cement mortar of embodiment 1 does not contains wood fibre.The concrete composition of the cement mortar of embodiment 1 is as shown in table 1, and the comprcssive strength of cement mortar is as shown in table 1, and the shield effectiveness of cement mortar is as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 2
The electromagnetic shielding material of the cement mortar of embodiment 2 is made up of graphite, white carbon black, iron ore, carbon fiber and Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder.The organic additive of the cement mortar of embodiment 2 is made up of redispersible latex powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, starch ether and water reducer.The concrete composition of the cement mortar of embodiment 2 is as shown in table 1, and the comprcssive strength of cement mortar is as shown in table 1, and the shield effectiveness of cement mortar is as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 3
The electromagnetic shielding material of the cement mortar of embodiment 3 is made up of graphite, white carbon black, iron ore and Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder.The organic additive of the cement mortar of embodiment 3 is made up of redispersible latex powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and starch ether.The concrete composition of the cement mortar of embodiment 3 is as shown in table 1, and the comprcssive strength of cement mortar is as shown in table 1, and the shield effectiveness of cement mortar is as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 4
The electromagnetic shielding material of the cement mortar of embodiment 4 is made up of graphite, white carbon black, iron ore, carbon fiber and Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder.The organic additive of the cement mortar of embodiment 4 is made up of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, starch ether and water reducer.The concrete composition of the cement mortar of embodiment 4 is as shown in table 1, and the comprcssive strength of cement mortar is as shown in table 1, and the shield effectiveness of cement mortar is as shown in Figure 1.
Comparative example 1
The electromagnetic shielding material of the cement mortar of comparative example 1 is made up of graphite, white carbon black, iron ore and Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder.The Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder that the Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder in comparative example 1 content in electromagnetic shielding material is limited less than technical scheme content in electromagnetic shielding material.The organic additive of the cement mortar of comparative example 1 is made up of redispersible latex powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, starch ether and water reducer.The cement mortar of comparative example 1 does not contains wood fibre.The content of the cement that the content of the cement in comparative example 1 is limited less than technical scheme.The concrete composition of the cement mortar of comparative example 1 is as shown in table 1, and the comprcssive strength of cement mortar is as shown in table 1, and the shield effectiveness of cement mortar is as shown in Figure 1.
Comparative example 2
The electromagnetic shielding material of the cement mortar of comparative example 2 is made up of graphite, white carbon black, iron ore, carbon fiber and Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder.The content of the electromagnetic shielding material that the content of the electromagnetic shielding material in comparative example 2 is limited less than technical scheme.The organic additive of the cement mortar of comparative example 2 is made up of redispersible latex powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and starch ether.The cement mortar of comparative example 2 does not contains wood fibre.The content of the cement that the content of the cement in comparative example 2 is limited more than technical scheme.The concrete composition of the cement mortar of comparative example 2 is as shown in table 1, and the comprcssive strength of cement mortar is as shown in table 1, and the shield effectiveness of cement mortar is as shown in Figure 1.
The concrete composition of table 1 cement mortar and comprcssive strength
From the result of table 1 and Fig. 1 it can be seen that the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of embodiment 1～4 is all higher than 22dB, the highest can reach more than 95dB, comprcssive strength is all higher than 5MPa simultaneously, meets the technology requirement to dry-mixed plastering mortar M5 in GB/T25181-2010.From the performance test results of embodiment 1～4 it can also be seen that the cement mortar of the present invention, the content of cement directly determines the height of comprcssive strength, and namely cement content is high, then comprcssive strength is high；But in the case of equal cement content, when namely shielding material content is identical, iron ore is conducive to improving comprcssive strength.This is because the particle diameter of iron ore is relatively big, the effect of aggregate can be played, not only increase comprcssive strength, be also beneficial to improve the application property of material.On the other hand, in embodiment 1～4, Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of shielding material and is all higher than 5%, the mortar shield effectiveness at low-frequency band (14kHz, 200kHz, 15MHz) can be effectively improved, the shield effectiveness of three frequencies is averagely more than 30dB, and in two comparative examples, its weight/mass percentage composition is below 5%, corresponding low frequency shield effectiveness is relatively low.
Compared with embodiment 1～4, the shield effectiveness of comparative example 1 does not shows a marked increase at the test frequency of more than 15MHz.Owing to Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder content is relatively low, the shield effectiveness at the test frequency of 14kHz and 200kHz significantly decreases.The most in actual use, owing to cement content is less, during the mix that therefore adds water, it is hardly formed the slurry of good fluidity, and lower compressive strength, less than 5MPa, it is unsatisfactory for the GB/T25181-2010 technology requirement to dry-mixed plastering mortar M5, it is difficult to actual application.
Compared with embodiment 1～4, comparative example 2 is low due to electromagnetic shielding material content, although comprcssive strength is higher, but owing to cement content is too high, in the screed resulted in, electromagnetic shielding material is discontinuous, result in the leakage of electromagnetic wave, and shield effectiveness occurs in that and is remarkably decreased, shielding index is too low, is not enough to reach user's requirement.
In sum, the shielding wave band of the cement mortar of the present invention is wider, simple in construction, only needs one layer of cement sand bed of 10mm thickness, i.e. can reach preferable shield effectiveness, and minimum screen effect reaches 22dB, up to more than 90dB.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendment, equivalent and improvement etc. made within the spirit and principles in the present invention, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a cement mortar, it is characterised in that include the composition of following weight/mass percentage composition: electromagnetic shielding material 50%～80%, cement 15%～45%, filler 1%～4%, fiber 0～0.5% and organic additive 0.1%～2%.
2. cement mortar as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: at least one in graphite, white carbon black, iron ore, carbon fiber and Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder of described electromagnetic shielding material.
3. cement mortar as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described iron ore weight/mass percentage composition in described electromagnetic shielding material is not less than 70%.
4. cement mortar as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder weight/mass percentage composition in described electromagnetic shielding material is not less than 5%.
5. cement mortar as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described graphite, described white carbon black and described carbon fiber weight/mass percentage composition in described electromagnetic shielding material are not higher than 25%.
6. cement mortar as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the consumption of described white carbon black is less than the 1/4 of the consumption of described graphite.
7. cement mortar as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: it is 2%～18% that described graphite accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of described electromagnetic shielding material, it is 0.4%～4% that described white carbon black accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of described electromagnetic shielding material, it is 71%～90% that described iron ore accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of described electromagnetic shielding material, it is 0%～2% that described carbon fiber accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of described electromagnetic shielding material, and it is 5%～8% that described Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of described electromagnetic shielding material.
8. the cement mortar as described in any one of claim 2～7, it is characterised in that: the granularity of described graphite is 1～100 μm；And/or, granularity 10nm of described white carbon black～100nm；And/or, the granularity of described iron ore is 100 μm～5mm；And/or, a diameter of 6～8 μm of described carbon fiber, a length of 3～5mm；And/or, the granularity of described Fe based Microcrystalline Alloy powder is 10 μm～100 μm.
9. cement mortar as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described cement is portland cement；And/or, described filler is Calx；And/or, described fiber is wood fibre；And/or, at least one in redispersible latex powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, starch ether and water reducer of described organic additive.
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| CN107540288A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-01-05 | 海门市兵杰农产品有限公司 | Plant's exterior wall anticracking cement mortar |
| CN107954662A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-04-24 | 航天长屏科技有限公司 | A kind of selfreparing electromagnetic protection cement mortar |
| CN110156407A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-08-23 | 武汉奥科科技发展有限公司 | A kind of dry-mixed flexible adhesion mortar of cement base preformulation |
| CN112609525A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-06 | 中建材科创新技术研究院(山东)有限公司 | Microwave shielding concrete roadbed, microwave shielding road and manufacturing method thereof, and road deicing and snow melting method |
| CN112645659A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-13 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | Cement-based composite material for shielding electromagnetic wave in wide frequency band and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116217148A (en) * | 2023-03-08 | 2023-06-06 | 安方高科电磁安全技术(北京)有限公司 | Electromagnetic shielding cement mortar and preparation method thereof |
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