CN105811283A - Installation vehicle of fixed switch cabinet circuit breaker and application method of installation vehicle - Google Patents
Installation vehicle of fixed switch cabinet circuit breaker and application method of installation vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN105811283A CN105811283A CN201610318855.8A CN201610318855A CN105811283A CN 105811283 A CN105811283 A CN 105811283A CN 201610318855 A CN201610318855 A CN 201610318855A CN 105811283 A CN105811283 A CN 105811283A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B3/00—Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture, assembly, or maintenance of boards or switchgear
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种固定式开关柜断路器安装车及其使用方法，包括车体，所述车体包括横梁以及竖梁，车体上通过平台托架连接一个平台，平台托架包括两根互相平行的L型支架，两根L型支架的背面通过后座连接起来，两根所述竖梁的内侧分别设有滑槽，后座的顶部的两侧分别固定安装一个轴承轮，轴承轮安装在滑槽内，两根L型支架的水平部分分别设有滑轨，滑轨通过滑块与平台固定，后座的底部通过一根丝杆实现水平移动，平台托架通过一个脚踩式液压千斤顶实现上下移动，车体的底部的前、后端分别设有导向轮、万向轮。本发明不仅缩短工时，提高断路器的安装效率，而且在施工时避免人力抬举笨重设备导致的设备坠落伤人身、伤设备的安全事故，保障了安全。
The invention discloses a fixed switchgear circuit breaker installation vehicle and its use method. L-shaped brackets parallel to each other, the backs of the two L-shaped brackets are connected through the back seat, the inner sides of the two vertical beams are respectively provided with chute, and a bearing wheel is fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the back seat, and the bearing wheel Installed in the chute, the horizontal parts of the two L-shaped brackets are respectively equipped with slide rails, the slide rails are fixed with the platform through the slider, the bottom of the rear seat moves horizontally through a screw rod, and the platform bracket is moved through a foot-operated The hydraulic jack realizes moving up and down, and the front and rear ends of the bottom of the car body are respectively provided with guide wheels and universal wheels. The invention not only shortens the working hours and improves the installation efficiency of the circuit breaker, but also avoids the safety accidents of equipment falling and injuring people and equipment caused by manual lifting of heavy equipment during construction, thereby ensuring safety.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及断路器运输辅助工具，特别涉及一种固定式开关柜断路器安装车及其使用方法。The invention relates to a circuit breaker transport auxiliary tool, in particular to a fixed switch cabinet circuit breaker installation vehicle and its use method.
背景技术Background technique
众所周知，固定式开关柜断路器重量很大，在进行更换作业时，通常需要3个人同时搬运，并需配置1名人员辅助以及进行螺丝安装紧固，1名工作负责人全程监护。在工器具及材料准备环节、工作票办理及开工会环节、原断路器拆除环节及新断路器安装环节均需4名人员同时参加，工时占用比例较高。而且由于开关柜空间狭小，活动不自由，断路器抬举过程容易造成设备滑落伤人员、伤设备，存在较高安全风险。As we all know, the fixed switchgear circuit breaker is very heavy. During the replacement operation, three people are usually required to carry it at the same time, and one person is required to assist and install and fasten the screws, and one person in charge of the work is required to supervise the whole process. In the process of preparing tools and materials, handling work tickets and starting work meetings, dismantling the original circuit breaker and installing the new circuit breaker, 4 people are required to participate at the same time, and the proportion of working hours is relatively high. Moreover, due to the narrow space of the switch cabinet and the lack of freedom of movement, the lifting process of the circuit breaker is likely to cause the equipment to slip and injure personnel and equipment, posing a high safety risk.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种固定式开关柜断路器安装车及其使用方法，该安装车的使用能够有效缩短工时、提高效率，保障安全。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fixed switchgear circuit breaker installation vehicle and its use method. The use of the installation vehicle can effectively shorten working hours, improve efficiency and ensure safety.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供以下的技术方案：一种固定式开关柜断路器安装车，包括车体，所述车体包括横梁以及竖梁，所述横梁设有三根，其中包括两根长横梁以及一根短横梁，两根长横梁互相平行，短横梁的两端分别固定在长横梁的端部，三根横梁组成水平的门框状，竖梁设有两根，并分别固定在相邻的两根横梁连接点处，两根竖梁的中部连接一根水平的中间横梁，所述车体上通过平台托架连接一个平台，平台托架与车体相适应，包括两根互相平行的L型支架，所述两根L型支架的背面通过后座连接起来，两根所述竖梁的内侧分别设有滑槽，后座的两侧分别固定安装轴承轮，轴承轮安装在滑槽内，两根L型支架的水平部分分别设有滑轨，滑轨上滑动连接一个滑块，滑块与平台的底部固定，所述后座的底部还转动连接一根丝杆，丝杆穿过固定安装在平台底部的螺母，并与螺母螺纹连接，且丝杆与两跟L型支架平行；所述车体底部的短横梁的中部固定安装一个脚踩式液压千斤顶的油缸底部，脚踩式液压千斤顶的油缸靠近顶部处通过U型抱箍与车体的中间横梁固定，脚踩式液压千斤顶的伸缩杆的顶部固定安装一个双导轮架，双导轮架两端的导轮分别设有链条，链条的一端与车体的中间横梁连接，另一端与后座连接；所述车体的底部的前、后端分别设有导向轮、万向轮。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a fixed switchgear circuit breaker installation vehicle, including a vehicle body, the vehicle body includes a beam and a vertical beam, the beam is provided with three, including two long Beams and a short beam, two long beams are parallel to each other, the two ends of the short beams are respectively fixed at the ends of the long beams, three beams form a horizontal door frame shape, and two vertical beams are fixed on the adjacent At the connection point of the two beams, the middle of the two vertical beams is connected to a horizontal middle beam, and the vehicle body is connected to a platform through a platform bracket, which is adapted to the vehicle body, including two parallel L Type brackets, the backs of the two L-shaped brackets are connected through the back seat, the inner sides of the two vertical beams are respectively provided with chute, the two sides of the back seat are respectively fixed with bearing wheels, and the bearing wheels are installed in the chute , the horizontal parts of the two L-shaped brackets are respectively provided with slide rails, a slide block is slidably connected to the slide rails, and the slide block is fixed to the bottom of the platform. The nut is fixedly installed on the bottom of the platform, and is threadedly connected with the nut, and the screw rod is parallel to the two L-shaped brackets; the middle part of the short beam at the bottom of the car body is fixedly installed at the bottom of the oil cylinder of a foot-operated hydraulic jack, the foot-operated hydraulic jack The oil cylinder of the hydraulic jack is fixed near the top with a U-shaped hoop and the middle beam of the car body. A double guide wheel frame is fixed on the top of the telescopic rod of the foot-operated hydraulic jack, and the guide wheels at both ends of the double guide wheel frame are respectively provided with chains. One end of the chain is connected with the middle beam of the car body, and the other end is connected with the rear seat; the front and rear ends of the bottom of the car body are respectively provided with guide wheels and universal wheels.
优选的，L型支架的水平部分的长度是竖直部分的高度的两倍。Preferably, the length of the horizontal portion of the L-shaped bracket is twice the height of the vertical portion.
优选的，丝杆在位于后座处的端部安装一个摇把。Preferably, a crank handle is installed at the end of the screw mandrel at the rear seat.
优选的，脚踩式液压千斤顶的油缸的中部设有回油孔。Preferably, an oil return hole is provided in the middle of the oil cylinder of the foot-operated hydraulic jack.
优选的，车体的两个竖梁在同一高度处分别设有把手。Preferably, the two vertical beams of the vehicle body are respectively provided with handles at the same height.
优选的，滑块内设有钢珠。Preferably, steel balls are arranged inside the slider.
优选的，万向轮上设有刹车装置。Preferably, a brake device is provided on the universal wheel.
本发明固定式开关柜断路器安装车的使用方法，包括以下步骤：The method for using the fixed switchgear circuit breaker installation vehicle of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1)、将需要更换的断路器从开关柜内取出，并将新的断路器抬上平台上；1) Take out the circuit breaker that needs to be replaced from the switch cabinet, and lift the new circuit breaker onto the platform;
2)、确定开关柜内断路器固定孔的高度；2) Determine the height of the circuit breaker fixing hole in the switch cabinet;
3)、将车体推到开关柜前，并根据开关柜内断路器固定孔的高度来调节平台的高度，平台的高度通过脚踩式液压千斤顶调节；3) Push the car body to the front of the switch cabinet, and adjust the height of the platform according to the height of the circuit breaker fixing hole in the switch cabinet. The height of the platform is adjusted by a foot-operated hydraulic jack;
4)、摇动摇把，使平台水平移动，将新的断路器送到开关柜内；4) Shake the handle to move the platform horizontally and send the new circuit breaker to the switch cabinet;
5)、通过摇把微调平台，使新的断路器的安装孔与开关柜内断路器固定孔对齐；5) Fine-tune the platform by cranking the handle so that the mounting hole of the new circuit breaker is aligned with the fixing hole of the circuit breaker in the switch cabinet;
6)、将螺杆插入新的断路器的安装孔内，使新的断路器与开关柜固定。6) Insert the screw into the installation hole of the new circuit breaker to fix the new circuit breaker and the switch cabinet.
采用上述技术方案，改进了传统作业的方法，与现有技术相比，不仅缩短了工时，提高了断路器的安装效率，而且在施工时避免人力抬举笨重设备导致的设备坠落伤人身、伤设备的安全事故，保障了安全。The above-mentioned technical solution improves the traditional operation method. Compared with the existing technology, it not only shortens the working hours, improves the installation efficiency of the circuit breaker, but also avoids the equipment falling caused by manual lifting of heavy equipment during construction, which may cause personal injury and equipment damage. Safety accidents ensured safety.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明主视图；Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
图2是本发明平台托架结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the platform bracket of the present invention;
图3是本发明竖梁结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the vertical beam structure of the present invention;
图4是图3的A-A剖视图；Fig. 4 is A-A sectional view of Fig. 3;
图5是本发明丝杆与平台的连接示意图；Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the screw mandrel and the platform of the present invention;
图6是本发明脚踩式液压千斤顶的安装位置示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the foot-operated hydraulic jack of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图，通过对实施例的描述，对本发明做进一步说明：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by describing embodiment, the present invention will be further described:
如图1所示，本发明一种固定式开关柜断路器安装车，包括车体1，车体1包括横梁11以及竖梁12，横梁11设有三根，其中包括两根长横梁以及一根短横梁，两根长横梁互相平行，短横梁的两端分别固定在长横梁的端部，三根横梁11组成水平的门框状，竖梁12设有两根，并分别固定在相邻的两根横梁11连接点处，两根竖梁12的中部连接一根水平的中间横梁，车体1的两个竖梁12在同一高度处分别设有把手，便于推动车体1。As shown in Figure 1, a fixed switchgear circuit breaker installation vehicle of the present invention includes a vehicle body 1. The vehicle body 1 includes a beam 11 and a vertical beam 12. There are three beams 11, including two long beams and a Short beams, two long beams are parallel to each other, the two ends of the short beams are respectively fixed on the ends of the long beams, three beams 11 form a horizontal door frame shape, two vertical beams 12 are provided, and are respectively fixed on the adjacent two At the crossbeam 11 connection point, the middle part of two vertical beams 12 is connected with a horizontal middle beam, and the two vertical beams 12 of the car body 1 are respectively provided with handles at the same height, so as to facilitate the promotion of the car body 1 .
如图2到5所示，车体1上通过平台托架2连接一个平台4，平台托架2与车体1相适应，包括两根互相平行的L型支架21，两根L型支架21的背面通过后座22连接起来，两根所述竖梁12的内侧分别设有滑槽13，后座22两侧的四角处分别固定安装一个轴承轮23，轴承轮23安装在滑槽13内，两根L型支架21的水平部分分别设有滑轨24，滑轨24上滑动连接一个滑块25，滑块25与平台4的底部固定，滑块25内设有钢珠，减小了滑块25与滑轨24的摩擦力，提高平台4调节灵活性。后座22的底部还转动连接一根丝杆26，丝杆26穿过固定安装在平台4底部的螺母41，并与螺母41螺纹连接，且丝杆26与两跟L型支架21平行，丝杆26在位于后座22处的端部安装一个摇把。As shown in Figures 2 to 5, a platform 4 is connected to the vehicle body 1 through a platform bracket 2, and the platform bracket 2 is adapted to the vehicle body 1, including two L-shaped brackets 21 parallel to each other, and two L-shaped brackets 21 The back of the rear seat 22 is connected through the rear seat 22, the inner sides of the two vertical beams 12 are respectively provided with chute 13, and the four corners on both sides of the rear seat 22 are respectively fixed with a bearing wheel 23, and the bearing wheel 23 is installed in the chute 13 , the horizontal parts of the two L-shaped brackets 21 are respectively provided with slide rails 24, a slide block 25 is slidably connected on the slide rails 24, the slide block 25 is fixed to the bottom of the platform 4, and steel balls are arranged inside the slide block 25, which reduces the sliding The friction between the block 25 and the slide rail 24 improves the adjustment flexibility of the platform 4 . The bottom of the back seat 22 is also rotatably connected with a screw mandrel 26, the screw mandrel 26 passes through the nut 41 fixedly installed on the bottom of the platform 4, and is threaded with the nut 41, and the screw mandrel 26 is parallel to the two L-shaped supports 21, and the screw mandrel 26 The end of the rod 26 at the rear seat 22 is fitted with a crank.
如图6所示，车体1底部的短横梁的中部固定安装一个脚踩式液压千斤顶3的油缸底部，脚踩式液压千斤顶3的油缸靠近顶部处通过U型抱箍与车体1的中间横梁固定，脚踩式液压千斤顶3的伸缩杆的顶部固定安装一个双导轮架31，双导轮架31两端的导轮分别设有链条32，链条32的一端与车体1的中间横梁连接，另一端与后座22连接，脚踩式液压千斤顶3的油缸的中部设有回油孔，实现脚踩式液压千斤顶3使平台4下降。As shown in Figure 6, the middle part of the short beam at the bottom of the car body 1 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the oil cylinder of a foot-operated hydraulic jack 3, and the oil cylinder of the foot-operated hydraulic jack 3 passes through the middle of the U-shaped hoop and the car body 1 near the top. The crossbeam is fixed, and a double guide wheel frame 31 is fixedly installed on the top of the telescopic rod of the foot-operated hydraulic jack 3, and the guide wheels at the two ends of the double guide wheel frame 31 are respectively provided with a chain 32, and one end of the chain 32 is connected with the middle beam of the car body 1 , the other end is connected with the rear seat 22, and the middle part of the oil cylinder of the foot-operated hydraulic jack 3 is provided with an oil return hole, so that the foot-operated hydraulic jack 3 makes the platform 4 descend.
车体1的底部的前、后端分别设有导向轮14、万向轮15，万向轮15上设有刹车装置。The front and rear ends of the bottom of the car body 1 are respectively provided with a guide wheel 14 and a universal wheel 15, and the universal wheel 15 is provided with a braking device.
本发明固定式开关柜断路器安装车的使用方法如下：The method of using the fixed switchgear circuit breaker installation vehicle of the present invention is as follows:
1)、将需要更换的断路器从开关柜内取出，并将新的断路器抬上平台(4)上；1) Take out the circuit breaker that needs to be replaced from the switch cabinet, and lift the new circuit breaker onto the platform (4);
2)、确定开关柜内断路器固定孔的高度；2) Determine the height of the circuit breaker fixing hole in the switch cabinet;
3)、将车体1推到开关柜前，并根据开关柜内断路器固定孔的高度来调节平台4的高度，平台4的高度通过脚踩式液压千斤顶3调节；3) Push the car body 1 to the front of the switch cabinet, and adjust the height of the platform 4 according to the height of the fixing hole of the circuit breaker in the switch cabinet. The height of the platform 4 is adjusted by the foot-operated hydraulic jack 3;
4)、摇动摇把，使平台4水平移动，将新的断路器送到开关柜内；4) Shake the handle to move the platform 4 horizontally and send the new circuit breaker to the switch cabinet;
5)、通过摇把微调平台4，使新的断路器的安装孔与开关柜内断路器固定孔对齐；5) Fine-tune the platform 4 by cranking the handle so that the mounting hole of the new circuit breaker is aligned with the fixing hole of the circuit breaker in the switch cabinet;
6)、将螺杆插入新的断路器的安装孔内，使新的断路器与开关柜固定。6) Insert the screw into the installation hole of the new circuit breaker to fix the new circuit breaker and the switch cabinet.
本发明根据开关柜门以及断路器的国标尺寸，确定平台4的表面尺寸为60cm*50cm。由于断路器是安装在距柜门80cm处的固定横梁上，因而承载断路器的平台4需要伸入柜内80cm处，为确定承载平台4的L型支架21的长度以及后座22的高度的最优值，本实施例进行了多组数据模拟，结果如表1和表2所示。According to the national standard size of the switch cabinet door and the circuit breaker, the present invention determines that the surface size of the platform 4 is 60cm*50cm. Since the circuit breaker is installed on a fixed crossbeam 80 cm away from the cabinet door, the platform 4 carrying the circuit breaker needs to extend into the cabinet at 80 cm. In order to determine the length of the L-shaped bracket 21 of the carrying platform 4 and the height of the rear seat 22 For the optimal value, multiple sets of data simulations are carried out in this embodiment, and the results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
表1Table 1
表2Table 2
表2中的n表示平台4需要升高的最高高度。n in Table 2 represents the highest height that the platform 4 needs to be raised.
通过表1个表2最终确定L型支架21的长度为100cm，后座22的高度为50cm。Through Table 1 and Table 2, it is finally determined that the length of the L-shaped bracket 21 is 100 cm, and the height of the rear seat 22 is 50 cm.
考虑到断路器重量为二百公斤左右，对安全性、杠杆原理及裕度问题的考量，最终采用5吨承重量的脚踏式液压千斤顶3和链条32，脚踏式液压千斤顶3的缸体总高度为98cm，链条32长100cm。考虑到链条32的长度，确定车体1的中间横梁紧贴油缸缸体上部位置设定，距地面垂直距离98cm；又考虑到操作过程中平台4最高时需达到140cm，跟据提升速度与油缸2:1的比例，而在最低处时平台4距地面20cm，故脚踏式液压千斤顶3需升高60cm，结合油缸高度并留有裕度，最终确定车体1高为185cm。开关柜内在断路器固定横梁下部安装有电流互感器，距柜门60cm处，故转运车体1的横梁11最前端与平台4前端应有25cm的水平距离差。Considering that the weight of the circuit breaker is about 200 kilograms, considering the safety, leverage principle and margin issues, the foot-operated hydraulic jack 3 and the chain 32 with a load capacity of 5 tons were finally used, and the cylinder of the foot-operated hydraulic jack 3 Total height is 98cm, and chain 32 is long 100cm. Considering the length of the chain 32, it is determined that the middle crossbeam of the car body 1 is set close to the upper part of the oil cylinder block, and the vertical distance from the ground is 98cm; and considering that the platform 4 needs to reach 140cm when it is the highest during the operation process, according to the lifting speed and the oil cylinder The ratio is 2:1, and the platform 4 is 20cm above the ground at the lowest point, so the pedal hydraulic jack 3 needs to be raised by 60cm. Combined with the height of the oil cylinder and a margin, the height of the car body 1 is finally determined to be 185cm. In the switch cabinet, a current transformer is installed at the lower part of the fixed crossbeam of the circuit breaker, 60cm away from the cabinet door, so there should be a horizontal distance difference of 25cm between the front end of the crossbeam 11 of the transfer car body 1 and the front end of the platform 4.
对于车体1底部车轮的选择，本发明经过多次实验，结果如表3所示。For the selection of the wheels at the bottom of the car body 1, the present invention has undergone many experiments, and the results are shown in Table 3.
表3table 3
通过表3可得，车体1底部的前轮安装导向轮14、后轮安装万向轮15为最优选择。It can be obtained from Table 3 that the guide wheels 14 installed on the bottom of the car body 1 and the universal wheels 15 installed on the rear wheels are the optimal choices.
由于更换开关柜内电气设备都是停电作业，所以缩短作业时间就是相当于提高供电量，如此带来的经济效益是非常直观的。采用本发明后更换1组设备节省的时间为1.57小时，一条10kV出线所带日平均负荷为6MW，商业用电0.8元/kwh。以计划年检修更换35组为例，对使用传统方法和使用本发明更换断路器各项成本分析如表4所示。Since the replacement of electrical equipment in the switchgear is done in a power outage, shortening the operation time is equivalent to increasing the power supply, and the economic benefits brought by this are very intuitive. After adopting the present invention, the time saved for replacing one group of equipment is 1.57 hours, the daily average load carried by one 10kV outgoing line is 6MW, and the commercial electricity consumption is 0.8 yuan/kwh. Taking the planned annual maintenance and replacement of 35 groups as an example, the cost analysis of using the traditional method and using the present invention to replace the circuit breaker is shown in Table 4.
表4Table 4
由表4可以得出，采用传统方法的总成本为F1＝672000+21000＝69.3万元，采用本发明的方法总成本为F2＝2500+5103+408240＝41.6万元。由此可以得出采用本发明带来的经济效益为F2-F1＝27.7万元。表4中人工费的计算分别为5*4.0*30*35＝21000，2*2.43*30*35＝5103，减少供电收入计算式分别为6000*4.0*0.8*35＝672000，6000*2.43*0.8*35＝408240。It can be drawn from Table 4 that the total cost of adopting the traditional method is F1=672000+21000=693,000 yuan, and the total cost of adopting the method of the present invention is F2=2500+5103+408240=416,000 yuan. Thus it can be drawn that the economic benefit brought by the adoption of the present invention is F2-F1=277,000 yuan. The calculation of labor costs in Table 4 is 5*4.0*30*35=21000, 2*2.43*30*35=5103, and the calculation formula for reducing power supply income is 6000*4.0*0.8*35=672000, 6000*2.43* 0.8*35=408240.
本发明操作时通过脚踏式液压千斤顶3调节平台4的高度，通过摇把摇动丝杆26旋转带动平台4调节水平位置。与现有技术相比，改进了传统作业的方法，不仅缩短了工时，提高了断路器的安装效率，而且在施工时避免人力抬举笨重设备导致的设备坠落伤人身、伤设备的安全事故，保障了安全。而且本发明结构简单，制作成本低，提高了经济效益。During the operation of the present invention, the height of the platform 4 is adjusted by the foot-operated hydraulic jack 3 , and the horizontal position of the platform 4 is adjusted by the rotation of the screw rod 26 driven by the crank handle. Compared with the existing technology, the traditional operation method is improved, which not only shortens the working hours and improves the installation efficiency of the circuit breaker, but also avoids the safety accident of equipment falling and injuring people and equipment caused by manual lifting of heavy equipment during construction, ensuring safe. Moreover, the invention has simple structure, low manufacturing cost and improved economic benefits.
以上所述的仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, some modifications and improvements can also be made, and these all belong to the present invention. protection scope of the invention.
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