CN105810985B - Suitable for the ternary working medium pair of inverse electrodialysis formula thermo-electrically converting system - Google Patents
Suitable for the ternary working medium pair of inverse electrodialysis formula thermo-electrically converting system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000002101 lytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalonitrile Chemical compound N#CC#N JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- SXKNYNUXUHCUHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3,3,4-hexafluorobut-1-ene Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)C(F)=C(F)F SXKNYNUXUHCUHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-ol Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(O)C(F)(F)F BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RHQDFWAXVIIEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroethanol Chemical compound OCC(F)(F)F RHQDFWAXVIIEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WFKAJVHLWXSISD-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyramide Chemical compound CC(C)C(N)=O WFKAJVHLWXSISD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 53
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHABMANUFPZXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-demethyl-aloesaponarin I Natural products O=C1C2=CC=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C MHABMANUFPZXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 fluorine F- Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provide a kind of inorganic salts lytic agent conditioning agent ternary working medium pair suitable for inverse electrodialysis formula thermoelectric conversion system, the ternary working medium in inverse electrodialysis formula thermoelectric conversion system realize in, low grade heat energy drive concentration difference type circulating generation method.Using inorganic salts as solute, using the mixture of conditioning agent and lytic agent as solvent, solute dissolves in proportion forms weak solution and concentrated solution in a solvent, dilute, concentrated solution is pumped into pile in alternatively distributed dilute, concentrated solution runner respectively and completes Ion transfer, realize that solution chemistry potential energy is converted to electric energy, and the circulating generation under heat-driven.Beneficial effects of the present invention：To concentrate link in solution, the conventional water base salting liquid institute calorific requirement of inorganic salts lytic agent conditioning agent ternary working medium comparison is less, has higher conversion efficiency of thermoelectric；The thermoelectric conversion system flow complexity based on inorganic salts lytic agent conditioning agent ternary working medium pair is relatively low, and degree of safety is higher, high stability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs in, low grade heat energy technical field of power generation, it is related to a kind of inorganic salts-lytic agent-conditioning agent three
First working medium pair, the ternary working medium in inverse electrodialysis formula thermo-electrically converting system realize in, low grade heat energy driving concentration difference type
Circulating generation method.
Background technology
The principles such as (Kalina) or Stirling cycle (Stirling) are recycled using Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), card Linne,
To in industrial exhaust heat, underground heat, solar energy, ocean energy etc., low grade heat energy carries out effectively power recycling, be current both at home and abroad
The thermo-electrically conversion method explored, and the property of system circulation working medium have been found be the influence system feature of environmental protection, economy,
Safety and the key factor of efficiency level.The core of this thermo-electrically switch technology be in, low temperature heat energy will follow
Ring working medium gasifies, and forms high pressure high temperature vapor, and then driving centrifugation turbine or screw expander output shaft work (are converted to by thermal energy
Mechanical energy), and then drive electrical power generators (electric energy is converted to by mechanical energy again).Currently influence the obstacle of the technology expanded application
It is：Heat-power conversion efficiency is not satisfactory, whole initial cost and maintenance cost is higher, system motion part is more, main portion
Part production capacity is limited.
In recent years, due to the development of ion exchange membrane technology, a kind of thermo-electrically conversion new method based on inverse electrodialysis principle
Gradually it is concerned.The central principle of this open type once through system is poor using the salinity between seawater and river water, passes through yin, yang
The reversed migration of ion is realized and concentration difference energy (chemical potential energy) between seawater and freshwater is changed into electric energy in a manner of inverse electrodialysis.It should
Method without the large-scale moving component such as turbomachinery, but use occasion can only be fix in river entrance and solute substance,
Solution energy density adjustability is poor.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention is in inverse electrodialysis principle and working medium physical property Research foundation, in, low product
The concentration difference type circulating generation method of position heat-driven is background, has been put forward for the first time a kind of inorganic salts-lytic agent-conditioning agent ternary work
It verifies, the ternary working medium is in the realization of inverse electrodialysis formula thermo-electrically converting system, the concentration difference type cycle hair of low grade heat energy driving
Method for electrically.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of ternary working medium pair suitable for inverse electrodialysis formula thermo-electrically converting system, the ternary working medium is to being inorganic
Salt-lytic agent-conditioning agent；Inorganic salts are solute, are at normal temperatures solid-state or liquid；Lytic agent and conditioning agent are liquid at room temperature
The mixture of the quality proportioning that state, lytic agent and conditioning agent are specified by it physical mixed at normal temperatures is solvent, is entirely being recycled
In system, the mass ratio of conditioning agent and lytic agent is 0.01~20:1；Solute is pressed under room temperature or high temperature (room temperature is to 100 DEG C)
Ratio dissolves in a solvent, forms weak solution and concentrated solution, concentration range 0.001mol/L~10mol/L of weak solution, dense molten
Concentration range 0.1mol/L~30mol/L of liquid.
Cation in the inorganic salts includes lithium Li+, sodium Na+, potassium K+, magnesium Mg2+, calcium Ca2+Or ammonium NH4+, anion
Including fluorine F-, chlorine Cl-, bromine Br-, iodine I-, bicarbonate radical HCO3 -, cobalt acid group CoO2 -, formate HCOO-Or acetate COOH-；Institute
The lytic agent stated has relatively low gasification latent heat value (generally<400kJ/kg) and suitable boiling temperature (normal boiling point temperature exists
30 DEG C~170 DEG C, including dichloromethane CH2Cl2, second cyanogen CH3CN, ether C4H10O, ethyl alcohol C2H6O, acetone CH3COCH3, isopropyl
Alcohol C3H8O, hexafluoroisopropanol C3H2F6O, trifluoroethanol C2H3F3O, trifluoroacetic acid CF3COOH, tetrahydrofuran C4H8O, dimethyl methyl
Amide DMF or dimethylacetylamide DMAC；The conditioning agent includes ethyl alcohol C2H6O, methanol CH3OH, water H2O, hexafluorobutene
HFO1336mzz, seven fluorine pentamethylene C of 3-pentafluorobutane R365mfc or 1,1,2,2,3,3,4-5H3F7, conditioning agent can effectively facilitate
Dissolution degree, the viscosity of reduction circulatory mediator and the conductivity of improvement solution of the inorganic salts in lytic agent.
Thermo-electrically conversion cycle system of the present invention, mainly by inverse electrodialysis pile, solution heat exchanger, condenser, hair
Raw device, solution reservoir, solution pump, accumulator, inverter and the compositions such as all kinds of valves and pipeline.
Its operation principle is：Using inorganic salts as solute, using lytic agent and agent composition is adjusted as solvent, it respectively will be dilute, dense
Solution is pumped into pile in alternatively distributed dilute, concentrated solution runner.Positive and negative ion in concentrated solution penetrates positive and negative ion respectively
Exchange membrane is moved in adjacent weak solution.Ion transfer leads to electric current in the interior generation of pile, while just there is electric energy in external circuit
Output is realized and solution concentration difference energy (chemical potential energy) is changed into electric energy in a manner of inverse electrodialysis.The intermediate concentrations for flowing out pile are molten
Liquid is pumped in solution heat exchanger and preheats, afterwards into generator.Middle-low grade energy heats generator is imported, is made molten in solution
Agent gasification is solved, and with a small amount of gaseous state conditioning agent.Gaseous mixture enters condenser and is converted into liquid, passes through weak solution tank then
The weak solution runner being pumped in pile.Solution outflow generator after concentration, flows through after solution heat exchanger cools down into dense
NaOH solution tank NaOH, the concentrated solution runner being then pumped into pile.So as to complete a power generation cycle.Sent out direct current, into accumulator
Storage, can directly export or inversion is exchange electricity output.
The present invention has the beneficial effect that：The thermo-electrically converting system is closed circulation system, and solution chemistry potential energy energy density can
Tonality is flexible, and the adaptability of centering, low grade heat energy source and application scenario is stronger；Link, inorganic salts-dissolving are concentrated in solution
Agent-conditioning agent-conventional water base salting liquid institute calorific requirement of ternary working medium comparison is less, has higher thermo-electrically transfer efficiency；The base
Relatively low in the thermo-electrically converting system flow complexity of inorganic salts-lytic agent-conditioning agent ternary working medium pair, degree of safety is higher, stablizes
Property is higher.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing is the inverse electrodialysis formula thermo-electrically converting system principle based on inorganic salts-lytic agent-conditioning agent ternary working medium
Figure, arrow direction are stream stock flow direction；
In figure：1 generator；2 solution heat exchangers；3 concentrated solution storage tanks；4 condensers；5 weak solution storage tanks；6 check valves；7
Weak solution pumps；8 concentrated solutions pump；9 anode plates；10 cation-exchange membranes；11 anion-exchange membranes；12 intermediate concentrations solution reservoirs；
13 intermediate concentrations solution pumps；14 accumulators；15 inverters；16 cathode plates；17 electrode liquid pumps.
Specific embodiment
Attached drawing shows a kind of in, the working cycles stream of the concentration difference type closed cycle electricity-generating method of low grade heat energy driving
Journey, the system are to for circulatory mediator based on inorganic salts-lytic agent-conditioning agent ternary working medium.With reference to technical solution and
Attached drawing, to use lithium bromide LiBr+ ethyl alcohol C2H6O+ water H2For the ternary working medium pair of O, the specific implementation of the narration present invention in detail
Process：
In, tow taste heat derive from a wealth of sources, such as industrial exhaust heat, solar energy, geothermal energy etc., utilize using cooling water as carry
Body absorbs these heats.The stream stock for being converted into hot water or steam is pumped to generator 1, and LiBr+ is heated in a manner of non-straight contact
C2H6O+H2O ternary working medium pair, herein as the H of conditioning agent2Ratios of the O in ternary working medium pair is smaller, and contribution is to adjust molten
The degree of ionization and viscosity of liquid reduce flammable.(whether high generation temperature is depended under negative pressure or slightly above atmospheric pressure
In C2H6The normal boiling point temperature of O), a large amount of ethyl alcohol and least a portion of H2O can be converted into gaseous state, and be escaped at the top of generator,
Remaining solution is still ternary system, but the concentration of LiBr can accordingly become larger.Solution after concentration is flowed out from generator bottom,
Enter concentrated solution storage tank 3 after the cooling of solution heat exchanger 2.C2H6O and H2The gaseous mixture (the former content is more) of O leaves generation
Just enter condenser 4 after device, be condensed into liquid under cooling water or stream draught effect, then flow into weak solution storage tank 5.Dense molten
Between liquid storage tank 3 and weak solution storage tank 5, there is provided anti-overrich branch and Fang Guoxizhi roads, and check valve 6 is respectively equipped with, adjusted
LiBr concentration in mixed liquor, prevent from blocking after crystallizing caused by excessive concentration pile runner and concentration it is too low caused by electricity
Heap resistance is excessive.Temperature is not higher than to 50 DEG C (because by amberplex and branch respectively using weak solution pump 7 and concentrated solution pump 8
The material limitation of support structure) weak solution and concentrated solution being alternately distributed in pile is pumped into storage tank 3,5 formula is dilute, concentrated solution stream
In road.Runner is separated by by the positive and negative pole plate 9,16 and intermediate alternatively distributed positive and negative amberplex 10,11 at both ends, and
For cation-exchange membrane group 10 than anion-exchange membrane group more than 11 one, total quantity is not limited by the accompanying figures.It is in concentrated solution runner
The Li of ionized state+And Br-Respectively through positive and negative amberplex 10,11, in the opposite direction, adjacent weak solution is moved to
In.Two electrode cavities, Li are formed between anode plate 9 and cathode plate 16 and both sides outermost layer cation-exchange membrane 10+Ion is on a left side
Pole chamber (Li+Approach axis for a left side) obtain electronics be reduced, and with the electrode washing liquid in two electrode cavity internal circulation flows
Right pole chamber is sent to by electrolysis liquid pump 17, electronics is lost and is aoxidized.Interior electric current can be generated while Ion transfer in pile, outside
Just there is electric energy output in portion circuit, and realizing can (chemical potential energy) transformation by concentration difference between concentrated solution and weak solution in a manner of inverse electrodialysis
For electric energy.Li is lost and obtains respectively in dense, weak solution runner+And Br-LiBr-C2H6O-H2O ternary mixed solutions, from
The intermediate concentrations NaOH solution tank NaOH 12 entered after respective runner outflow, mixing, is then pumped in solution heat exchanger 2 and preheats so that
Concentrated solution can also be cooled down while energy input is reduced, improve system entirety efficiency.Intermediate concentrations after heating are molten
Liquid enters generator 1, in the case where generator 1 is had an effect, starts next thermo-electrically conversion cycle.Yin, yang film is to quantity in pile
More, output total voltage is higher, and cell output is bigger.The direct current sent out stores, then directly into accumulator 14
It supplies electrical appliance or is converted into alternating current by inverter 15 and be supplied to load.
With using lithium bromide LiCl+ ethyl alcohol C in embodiment2H6O+ water H2For the working medium pair of O：C2H6O is at 80 DEG C
Saturation gasification potential heat value about 847kJ/kg；And H at a temperature of equally occurring2The saturation vaporization potential heat value about 2308kJ/kg of O, also
It is to say, compared with using the concentration difference electricity-generating method of conventional pure water base salting liquid, when solvent is converted to C by pure water2H6O+H2O (80%
+ 20%, mass fraction) when, the input of system thermal energy can about cut down half.In addition, at a temperature of the generation, C2H6O and H2O's is full
It is respectively 1.072bar and 0.468bar with vapour pressure, illustrates the concentration difference power generation system based on pure water base salting liquid at a temperature of this generation
System must be run under the negative pressure of very big vacuum degree, harsher for the sealing requirements of system.In other words, it is being similarly
Unite minimum operating pressure under, the system based on ternary working medium pair of the present invention can more low-grade heat source driving under work
Make.Further, in LiCl+C2H6Conditioning agent is added in O, is the performance improvement measure of another angle.With 40 DEG C of pile stream
For channel temp condition, the surface tension of conditioning agent is only C2H6The 1/8 of O, this for reduce runner blocking risk and reduction
Solution pump power consumption has benefit.In addition, the addition of conditioning agent can also increase substantially the conductivity of solution.With concentration at room temperature
For 5% LiCl solution, ternary working medium is to LiCl+C2H6O+H2The conductivity of O can be than binary working medium to LiCl+C2H6O is carried
High an order of magnitude, reaches 74mS/cm, than sea water conductivity about 30~40mS/cm also than be higher by about 1 times.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. ternary working medium pair suitable for inverse electrodialysis formula thermo-electrically converting system, which is characterized in that the ternary working medium To including inorganic salts, lytic agent and conditioning agent；It is molten using the mixture of conditioning agent and lytic agent as solvent using inorganic salts as solute Matter dissolving forms the weak solution of 0.001mol/L~10mol/L and the concentrated solution of 0.1mol/L~30mol/L in a solvent；It is described Conditioning agent and lytic agent mass ratio be 0.01~20:1；The ternary working medium is mainly handed over applicable inverse electrodialysis formula thermo-electrically converting system by inverse electrodialysis pile, solution heat Parallel operation, condenser, generator, solution reservoir, solution pump, accumulator, inverter and all kinds of valves and pipeline composition；Ternary work The course of work in inverse electrodialysis formula thermo-electrically converting system of verifying is：Using inorganic salts as solute, mixed with lytic agent and conditioning agent Conjunction object is solvent, and dilute, concentrated solution is pumped into pile in alternatively distributed dilute, concentrated solution runner respectively；Positive and negative in concentrated solution Ion through positive and negative amberplex, is moved in adjacent weak solution respectively；Ion transfer causes electric in generation in pile Stream, while just there is electric energy output in external circuit, electric energy can be changed into a manner of inverse electrodialysis by solution concentration difference by realizing；Flow out pile Intermediate concentrations solution be pumped in solution heat exchanger and preheat, afterwards into generator；Middle-low grade energy heats are imported to occur Device makes lytic agent in solution gasify, and with a small amount of gaseous state conditioning agent；Gaseous mixture enters condenser and is converted into liquid, then flows The weak solution runner being then pumped to through weak solution tank in pile；Solution outflow generator after concentration, flows through solution heat exchange Enter concentrated solution tank, the concentrated solution runner being then pumped into pile after device cooling；So as to complete a power generation cycle；Sent out direct current Electricity into accumulators store, can be exported directly or inversion is exchange electricity output.
- 2. ternary working medium pair according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the inorganic salts are solid-state or liquid at normal temperatures State, cation include lithium Li+, sodium Na+, potassium K+, magnesium Mg2+, calcium Ca2+Or ammonium NH4+, anion include fluorine F-, chlorine Cl-, bromine Br-、 Iodine I-, bicarbonate radical HCO3 -, cobalt acid group CoO2 -, formate HCOO-Or acetate CH3COO-。
- 3. ternary working medium pair according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the lytic agent includes dichloromethane, second Cyanogen, ether, ethyl alcohol, acetone, isopropanol, hexafluoroisopropanol, trifluoroethanol, trifluoroacetic acid, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide or Dimethylacetylamide.
- 4. ternary working medium pair according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the conditioning agent include ethyl alcohol, methanol, Water, seven fluorine pentamethylene of hexafluorobutene, 3-pentafluorobutane or 1,1,2,2,3,3,4-.
- 5. ternary working medium pair according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the conditioning agent include ethyl alcohol, methanol, water, Seven fluorine pentamethylene of hexafluorobutene, 3-pentafluorobutane or 1,1,2,2,3,3,4-.
- 6. the ternary working medium pair according to claims 1 or 2 or 5, which is characterized in that the gasification latent heat value of the lytic agent Less than 400kJ/kg, normal boiling point temperature is 30 DEG C~170 DEG C.
- 7. ternary working medium pair according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the gasification latent heat value of the lytic agent is less than 400kJ/kg, normal boiling point temperature are 30 DEG C~170 DEG C.
- 8. ternary working medium pair according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the gasification latent heat value of the lytic agent is less than 400kJ/kg, normal boiling point temperature are 30 DEG C~170 DEG C.
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| CN109811358B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-09-29 | 大连理工大学 | Low-grade heat energy driven electrode liquid self-circulation type hydrogen production method |
| CN109811359A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-28 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of each free-standing hydrogen production process of the electrode solution of low grade heat energy driving |
| CN109913886B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-09-25 | 大连理工大学 | Low-grade heat energy driven two-way combined hydrogen production method |
| US11502322B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-11-15 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell with heat pump |
| US11502323B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-11-15 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell and methods of use thereof |
| US12040517B2 (en) | 2022-11-15 | 2024-07-16 | Rahul S. Nana | Reverse electrodialysis or pressure-retarded osmosis cell and methods of use thereof |
| US11855324B1 (en) | 2022-11-15 | 2023-12-26 | Rahul S. Nana | Reverse electrodialysis or pressure-retarded osmosis cell with heat pump |
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