CN105807446B - A kind of design method of the optical glasses of correction tubular visual field - Google Patents
A kind of design method of the optical glasses of correction tubular visual field Download PDFInfo
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- CN105807446B CN105807446B CN201610241983.7A CN201610241983A CN105807446B CN 105807446 B CN105807446 B CN 105807446B CN 201610241983 A CN201610241983 A CN 201610241983A CN 105807446 B CN105807446 B CN 105807446B
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- visual field
- patient
- tubular
- eye
- eyeglass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
- G02C7/024—Methods of designing ophthalmic lenses
- G02C7/027—Methods of designing ophthalmic lenses considering wearer's parameters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
- G02C7/04—Contact lenses for the eyes
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of optical means of correction tubular visual field.Meet the personalized eye model of opthalmic optics' characteristic using optical design software structure in conjunction with Gullstrand LeGrand optics of the eye models by the axis oculi data of practical human eye；Aspherical face type setting is carried out to eyeglass, entire mirror optics of the eye system is optimized respectively under different visual fields, obtains meeting field angle when normal eyes direct-view.This method can solve the problems, such as advanced glaucoma and primary pigmentary degeneration of retina patient's tubular visual field, expand the visual field of patient, solve the problems, such as these patients difficulty in walking due to the tubulose of the visual field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tubular visual field correcting technology fields, green especially for the late period of retinal ganglial cells damage
The technical field of patient's field expander of the primary pigmentary degeneration of retina of light eye and retinal photoreceptor cells damage.
Background technology
With the improvement of living standards with the progress of science and technology, the average life span of the mankind is continuously improved, and majority state is slow
Slowly aging society is entered, China has also marched toward aging society.Due to the control of infectious eye disease, ophthalmology degeneration and change
Property disease becomes the elderly Yi Fa and common disease, especially glaucoma：Pathologic intraocular hypertension leads to retina neural
The apoptosis of ganglion cell is even dead, so as to cause the retrograde lesion of optic nerve, characteristic defect of visual field, late period green light occurs
The visual field of eye patient often appears as tubular visual field；Another kind of eye disease is primary pigmentary degeneration of retina：Due to retina sense
The apoptosis of photo-cell or death also will appear the visual field and is gradually reduced, and late period can also show as tubular visual field.Both late period eye disease
The quality of life of the elderly can be reduced and increase security risk and traffic accident incidence, especially give each family and
Society increases corresponding burden, and therefore, the field expander vision correcting technology for studying this tubular visual field is of great significance.
The various objects of nature can reflect the different light of light and shade under the irradiation of light, then by cornea into
Enter intraocular, by the refraction of refractive media (aqueous humor, crystalline lens and vitreum), is finally imaged on the retina, then retina
The stimulation of these light is changed into nerve impulse, brain occipital lobe visual centre is passed to by Optic nerve pathway.Visual transduction is logical
3 grades of neuron compositions of routing.L grades of neurons are the Beale's ganglion cells of retina, peripheral branch and cone cell and rod cell
Cynapse is formed, central branch forms cynapse with retinal ganglial cells.2nd grade of neuron is retinal ganglial cells, axis
The set at optic papilla of dashing forward wears sclera and forms optic nerve backward.Optic nerve enters cranial cavity after through canalis opticus, is formed to regard and be handed over
After fork, prolong as tractus opticus.In optic chiasma, some fiber crossovers, the i.e. fiber crossovers from two eyes retina nasal sides half,
It walks in offside tractus opticus；Not intersecting for temporo side half, is walked in homonymy tractus opticus.Therefore, left side tractus opticus contains from two eyes retinas
The fiber in left side half, right side tractus opticus contain on the right side of two eyes retinas half fiber.Tractus opticus majority fiber terminates in outside knee
Body.For the cell space of 3rd level neuron on the outside in geniculate body, the aixs cylinder composition that they send out regards radiation, terminates at brain calcarine sulcus
The occipital cortex of surrounding, to form vision.
If retinal photoreceptor cells especially rod cell and/or gangliocyte are impaired, can gradually cause corresponding
Defect of visual field, severe patient can form tubular visual field, and this visual field damage be it is irreversible, by drug, laser and
Operation is impossible to that the visual field of defect is allowed to reverse, and there are no any methods, and the visual field of defect can be allowed to reverse in the world at present.It is logical
Cross operation and reduce intraocular pressure and attempt to expand wide-field method, operation risk is big, it cannot be guaranteed that patient restores eyesight, and it is preoperative very
Hardly possible determines what degree the intraocular pressure of postoperative patient can be reduced to, and it is even more impossible to judge whether to have the visual field improved effect.So far,
There are no the visuals field that a kind of lossless physical method can expand tubular visual field patient in the world.Patent of the present invention passes through hurtless measure
Optical means --- wear a kind of optical glasses specially designed to expand the field range of tubular visual field patient.
Invention content
Purpose of the present invention is to overcome deficiencies of the prior art, a kind of lossless light of correction tubular visual field is provided
Method --- expand tubular visual field by wearing the glasses specially designed, and realizes retina blur-free imaging.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of design method of the optical glasses of correction tubular visual field, the method include：
1st step substitutes into the thickness of tubular visual field patient's axis oculi each section, length, curvature and refractive index data
Gullstrand-Le Grand optics of the eye models；
2nd step is inserted into the diaphragm of different radii to simulate tubular visual field patient people before above-mentioned optics of the eye model retina
Eye imaging contexts；
Eyeglass is arranged before above-mentioned 1st step tubular visual field patient's phantom eye in 3rd step, and eyeglass and optics of the eye model are considered as
Unified mirror-optics of the eye system；
Field angle is arranged for human eye blur-free imaging visual field size and tubular visual field patient's imaging viewing field size in 4th step
θ；
5th step, the front and rear surfaces of eyeglass described in the 3rd step are disposed as it is aspherical.With under normal eye's photopic conditions
Areas imaging in blur-free imaging be target, it is right using the curvature of the front and rear surfaces of eyeglass, thickness and face shape parameter as variable
Eyeglass optimizes, and design meets the eyeglass for expanding tubular visual field patient's visual field.
Wherein, the human eye blur-free imaging field angle size described in the 4th step is 7 °, that is, is imaged ranging from ± 7 °.The tubulose
Visual field patient's imaging viewing field angle θ sizes are specifically set with conditions of patients, are generally set to 0 °<θ<7°.
The optical means of the correction tubular visual field is applicable not only to the tubular visual field patient of twenty-twenty vision, by mirror
The personalized designs of piece, this method can be applicable to the tubular visual field patient with long sight, myopia, astigmatism eyesight.Described
Propertyization design be the thickness, length and curvature data of tubular visual field patient's axis oculi each section described in above-mentioned 1st step are changed to it is following
Content：Using ophthalmology Lenstar somascopes and ophthalmology A-mode ultrasonic calibrator, patient's cornea, aqueous humor, crystalline lens and glass are measured
The thickness of body and the length of axis oculi, and these data are substituted into Gullstrand-Le Grand optics of the eye models；The trouble is used in combination
The corneal curvature and corneal topography diagram data of person's personalization replace the true eye cornea in optics of the eye model described in above-mentioned 1st step
Face type.
The glasses worn can be with right and wrong contact lense (frame eyeglasses) or contact lense (contact lenses).
The eyeglass can be the combination of single aspherical lens, glued mirror or multiple eyeglasses.
Design described in 5th step meets the eyeglass for expanding tubular visual field patient's visual field, and wherein eyeglass front and rear surfaces is non-
Spherical surface type is even aspheric surface：" EvenAsphere ", expression formula is as follows：
Wherein, Z is the rise in surface somewhere；C is the curvature on aspherical vertex, i.e. the inverse of radius of curvature R；R=(x2+
y2)1/2The radial distance of optical axis is left in expression；K is the constant of the cone；α2, α4, α6..., α16For aspherical high-order coefficient.
The material of the eyeglass can be optical glass, resin or plastic material.
The eyeglass is applied to tubular visual field patient, can increase the visual range of patient, can be in visual range
Obtain the high-resolution image of high-resolution.
The advantages and positive effects of the present invention：
The present invention can correct tubular visual field by wearing the method (with physics, lossless method) of Special spectacles,
The visual field for expanding patient, improves the visual effect of patient, reduces the inconvenience of action and possible personal safety.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is non-contact lense-optics of the eye system structure diagram.
Fig. 2 is the recruitment evaluation figure of the non-contact mirror of wearing based on detection plate, wherein a detection plate schematic diagrames, b look at 7 ° straight
The design sketch of normal eye's retina image-forming when visual field, 3.5 ° of tubular visual field patient's retina image-forming figures of c, d tubular visual field patients
Wear the design sketch of retina image-forming after non-contact mirror 1.
Fig. 3 is the MTF curve of non-contact lense 1- optics of the eye systems.
Fig. 4 is the MTF curve of non-contact lense 2- eye systems.
Fig. 5 is contact lense-optics of the eye system structure diagram.
Fig. 6 is the recruitment evaluation figure of the wearing contact lenses based on detection plate, wherein 5.5 ° of tubular visual field patient's retinas of a
Image, the design sketch of retina image-forming after b tubular visual field patient-worn's contact lenses.
Fig. 7 is the MTF curve of contact lense-eye system.
Wherein, 1 eyeglass, 2 corneas, 3 indicate aqueous humor, 4 crystalline lenses, 5 vitreums, 6 retinas.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with attached drawing.
A kind of design method of the optical glasses of correction tubular visual field, includes the following steps：
(1) thickness of tubular visual field patient's axis oculi each section, length, curvature and refractive index data are substituted into
Gullstrand-Le Grand optics of the eye models；
In this step, ophthalmology Lenstar somascopes and eye are used for the human eye of improper eyesight tubular visual field patient
Section's A-mode ultrasonic calibrator measures each section length of patient's axis oculi, including cornea, aqueous humor, crystalline lens, vitreum are in axis oculi direction
Thickness, then by the thickness of axis oculi each section of the patient, length and curvature data substitute into Gullstrand-Le Grand
Optical model；And patient personalized the anterior corneal surface curvature and corneal topography diagram data are used, replace Gullstrand-Le
Cornea face type in Grand optics of the eye models.
(2) before above-mentioned optics of the eye model retina be inserted into different radii diaphragm with simulate tubular visual field patient human eye at
As situation；
(3) eyeglass is set before the patient's optics of the eye model of the above described tubular visual field, eyeglass and optics of the eye model is considered as unification
Mirror-optics of the eye system；
(4) it is directed to human eye blur-free imaging visual field size and certain visual field is arranged in tubular visual field patient's imaging viewing field size
Angle θ；
(5) front and rear surfaces of eyeglass are disposed as aspherical.With in the areas imaging under normal eye's photopic conditions
Blur-free imaging is target, using the curvature of the front and rear surfaces of eyeglass, thickness and face shape parameter as variable, is carried out to eyeglass excellent
Change, design meets the eyeglass for expanding tubular visual field patient's visual field.
The aspherical face type of the front and rear surfaces of eyeglass described in the present embodiment is even aspheric surface：" EvenAsphere ", expression
Formula is as follows：
Wherein, Z is the rise in surface somewhere；C is the curvature on aspherical vertex, is the inverse of radius of curvature R；R=(x2+
y2)1/2The radial distance of optical axis is left in expression；K is the constant of the cone；α2, α4, α6..., α16For aspherical high-order coefficient.
Wherein, the human eye blur-free imaging field angle size described in the 4th step is 7 °, that is, is imaged ranging from ± 7 °.Described
Tubular visual field patient's imaging viewing field angle θ sizes are specifically set with conditions of patients, are generally set to 0 °<θ<7°.
The embodiment of the present invention devises different glasses to the tubular visual field patient of twenty-twenty vision, gives its effect.
The optical parameter of twenty-twenty vision human eye axis each section is as shown in table 1.
The optical parameter of 1 normal eye's model of table
Embodiment 1
By taking non-contact mirror as an example, a kind of non-contact mirror is devised for the tubular visual field patient of twenty-twenty vision.Wherein diaphragm
It is set as 1.2mm, corresponding 3.5 ° of incident ray.Its structure is as shown in Figure 1, wherein the eyeglass of 1 expression design, 2 expression corneas, and 3
Indicate anterior chamber, 4 indicate crystalline lens, and 5 indicate vitreum, and 6 indicate retina.According to the light of the non-contact mirror 1 of above-mentioned steps design
It is as shown in table 2 to learn parameter.Wherein, R is front surface radius of curvature, α2For front surface second order coefficient, α4For front surface quadravalence coefficient, n
Indicate lens index, R ' expression rear surface radius of curvature, α2' it is rear surface second order coefficient, α4' it is rear surface quadravalence coefficient, d
For lens thickness, D indicates eyeglass semiaperture.It can be processed to meet according to the parameter in the table and correct patient's tubular visual field
Eyeglass.The inner parameter of formula (1) as shown by the data in table 2 (formula expression summary), the other coefficients not provided in table 2
It is 0.
The optical parameter of 2 non-contact mirror 1 of table
| R(mm) | α2 | α4 | R′(mm) | α2′ | α4′ |
| -3.5698 | -0.2849 | 0.0014 | -6.1153 | -0.2133 | 0.0003 |
| n | d(mm) | D(mm) | |||
| 1.7440 | 6.0000 | 10.0000 |
In order to intuitively illustrate that rectification effect of the eyeglass of the invention designed to tubular visual field, the present invention devise an inspection
Drafting board, schematic diagram is as shown in a in Fig. 2.It is corresponded into the human-eye model difference number of degrees with the center of black rectangle block in figure
Light, the center of black rectangle block from left to right and from top to bottom corresponds to -7 °, -3.5 °, 0 °, 3.5 ° and 7 ° respectively.
B, c and d in Fig. 2 are respectively the design sketch of normal eye's retina image-forming, 3.5 ° of tunnel visions when looking at 7 ° of visual fields straight
The design sketch of retina image-forming after wild patient's retina image-forming figure and the non-contact mirror 1 of tubular visual field patient-worn.Compare c and d
As can be seen that after the eyeglass for having worn design, the field angle of tubular visual field patient can be promoted from looking at 3.5 ° straight to 7 ° of direct-view,
It can be close to the visual effect of normal eye.
In addition, can also be judged by the MTF characteristic curves of mirror-optics of the eye system the rectification effect of tubular visual field.Fig. 3
The MTF curve of non-contact mirror 1- eye systems when giving 7 ° of 0 ° of direct-view, 3.5 ° of direct-view and direct-view visual fields, in figure, T indicates meridian
Direction, S indicate sagitta of arc direction.Table 3 is extracted the characteristic of some MTF in Fig. 3.From Fig. 3 and table 3 as can be seen that system
Mtf value be both greater than 0.1, illustrate that the system can meet the resolution requirement of human eye.In Fig. 2 d and Fig. 3's the result shows that, wear
After the non-contact mirror, not only tubular visual field patient imaging viewing field expanded, image quality also keep good.
The mtf value of 3 non-contact 1 mirror of mirror of table-optics of the eye system
Embodiment 2：
By taking non-contact mirror as an example, another non-contact mirror is devised for the tubular visual field patient of twenty-twenty vision.The eyeglass
The refraction materials different from the non-contact mirror of the first in embodiment 1 have been selected in design.Wherein diaphragm is still set as 1.2mm,
Corresponding 3.5 ° of incident ray.Table 4 is the optical parameter of another non-contact mirror 2 of design, and wherein R is front surface curvature half
Diameter, α2For front surface second order coefficient, α4For front surface quadravalence coefficient, n indicates that lens index, R' indicate rear surface radius of curvature,
α2' it is rear surface second order coefficient, α4' it is rear surface quadravalence coefficient, d is lens thickness, and D indicates eyeglass semiaperture.Formula (1) is inner
Parameter be shown in Table 4 (formula expression summaries).It can be processed to meet according to the parameter in the table and correct patient's tubular visual field
Eyeglass.The inner parameter of formula (1) is (formula expression summary) as shown by the data in Table 4, the other coefficients not provided in table 4
It is 0.
The MTF curve of non-contact mirror 2- eye systems when Fig. 4 gives 0 ° of direct-view, 3.5 ° of direct-view and looks at 7 ° of visual fields straight, figure
In, T indicates that meridian direction, S indicate sagitta of arc direction.Table 5 is extracted the characteristic of some MTF in Fig. 4.It can from Fig. 4 and table 5
To find out, the mtf value of system is both greater than 0.1, illustrates that the system can meet the resolution requirement of human eye.Tubular visual field patient's view
The design sketch of retina image-forming is identical as c in Fig. 2 and d after film image and tubular visual field patient-worn contact lense 2, therefore no longer
It provides.
The optical parameter of 4 non-contact mirror 2 of table
| R(mm) | α2 | α4 | R′(mm) | α2′ | α4′ |
| -5.286 | 0.163 | 0.0009 | -7.1938 | 0.2096 | 0.0004 |
| n | d(mm) | D(mm) | |||
| 2.0017 | 3.8237 | 10.0000 |
The mtf value of 5 non-contact 2 mirrors of mirror of table-optics of the eye system
Embodiment 3：
In addition, the present invention devises a kind of contact lense by taking contact lense as an example, for the tubular visual field patient of twenty-twenty vision.Its
Middle diaphragm is set as 1.8mm, and corresponding field angle is about 5.5 °.Structural schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 5, wherein the eyeglass of 1 expression design, 2
Indicate cornea, 3 indicate aqueous humor, and 4 indicate crystalline lens, and 5 indicate vitreum, and 6 indicate retina.The optics designed according to above-mentioned steps
Parameter is as shown in table 6, and wherein R is front surface radius of curvature, α2For second order coefficient, α4For quadravalence coefficient, n indicates lens index,
D is lens thickness, and D indicates eyeglass semiaperture.It can be processed to meet according to the parameter in the table and correct patient's tunnel vision
Wild eyeglass.(formula expression summary) shown in data in the inner parameter such as table 6 of formula (1), the other systems not provided in table 6
Number is 0.
A and b is respectively 5.5 ° of tubular visual field patient's retina image-forming figures and tubular visual field patient-worn's contact lense in Fig. 6
The design sketch of retina image-forming afterwards.A and b can be seen that after the eyeglass for having worn design in comparison diagram 6, tubular visual field patient
Field angle can from direct-view 5.5 ° promoted to direct-view 7 °, can be close to the visual effect of normal eye.Fig. 7 gives direct-view
0 °, 7 ° of visual fields of 3.5 ° of direct-view and direct-view when contact lense-optics of the eye system MTF curve, in figure, T indicates meridian direction, S tables
Show sagitta of arc direction.Table 7 is extracted the characteristic of some MTF in Fig. 7.The mtf value of system is can be seen that from Fig. 7 and table 7 all
More than 0.1, illustrate that the system can meet the resolution requirement of human eye.In Fig. 6 b and Fig. 7's the result shows that, wear the contact lense
Afterwards, not only tubular visual field patient imaging viewing field expanded, image quality also keep good.
A kind of optical parameter of 6 contact lense of table
| R(mm) | α2 | α4 | n | d(mm) | D(mm) |
| 7.8843 | 0.4632 | -0.0002 | 1.6204 | 0.2600 | 3.0000 |
The MFT values of 7 contact lense mirror of table-optics of the eye system
Claims (9)
1. a kind of design method of the optical glasses of correction tubular visual field, it is characterised in that the method includes：
The thickness of tubular visual field patient's axis oculi each section, length, curvature and refractive index data are substituted into Gullstrand- by the 1st step
LeGrand optics of the eye models；
2nd step, before above-mentioned optics of the eye model retina be inserted into different radii diaphragm with simulate tubular visual field patient human eye at
As situation；
Eyeglass is arranged before the 1st step tubular visual field patient's optics of the eye model in 3rd step, and eyeglass and optics of the eye model are considered as unification
Mirror-optics of the eye system；
Field angle θ is arranged for human eye blur-free imaging visual field size and tubular visual field patient's imaging viewing field size in 4th step；
5th step, the front and rear surfaces of eyeglass described in the 3rd step are disposed as it is aspherical；With under normal eye's photopic conditions at
Blur-free imaging is target in picture range, using the curvature of the front and rear surfaces of eyeglass, thickness and face shape parameter as variable, to eyeglass
It optimizes, design meets the eyeglass for expanding tubular visual field patient's visual field.
2. the design method of the optical glasses of correction tubular visual field as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described in the 4th step
Human eye blur-free imaging field angle size be 7 °, that is, be imaged ranging from ± 7 °.
3. the design method of the optical glasses of correction tubular visual field as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described in the 4th step
Tubular visual field patient's imaging viewing field angle θ sizes specifically set with conditions of patients, be generally set to 0 °<θ<7°.
4. the design method of the optical glasses of correction tubular visual field as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that this method is not only
Suitable for the tubular visual field patient of twenty-twenty vision, by the personalized designs to eyeglass, this method is applied also for long sight, closely
Depending on the tubular visual field patient of, astigmatism eyesight, the personalized designs are tubular visual field patient axis oculi each section described in the 1st step
Thickness, length and curvature data be changed to the following contents：Using ophthalmology Lenstar somascopes and ophthalmology A-mode ultrasonic calibrator, survey
Patient's cornea, aqueous humor, crystalline lens and the thickness of vitreum and the length of axis oculi are measured, and these data are substituted into
Gullstrand-Le Grand optics of the eye models；It is used in combination the patient personalized corneal curvature and corneal topography diagram data to replace
True eye cornea face type in optics of the eye model described in 1st step.
5. the design method of the optical glasses such as Claims 1-4 any one of them correction tubular visual field, it is characterised in that institute
It is non-contact lense i.e. frame eyeglasses or contact lense to state glasses.
6. the design method of the optical glasses such as Claims 1-4 any one of them correction tubular visual field, it is characterised in that institute
The eyeglass for stating glasses is the combination of single aspherical lens, glued mirror or multiple eyeglasses.
7. the design method of the optical glasses of correction tubular visual field according to any one of claims 1 to 4, feature exist
In：The aspherical face type that design described in 5th step meets the front and rear surfaces for the eyeglass for expanding tubular visual field patient's visual field is even
It is secondary aspherical：" EvenAsphere ", expression formula is as follows：
Wherein, Z is the rise in surface somewhere；C is the curvature on aspherical vertex, is the inverse of radius of curvature R；R=(x2+y2)1/2
The radial distance of optical axis is left in expression；K is the constant of the cone；α2, α4, α6..., α16For aspherical high-order coefficient.
8. the design method of the optical glasses such as Claims 1-4 any one of them correction tubular visual field, it is characterised in that institute
The material for stating eyeglass is optical glass, resin or plastic material.
9. the design method of the optical glasses such as Claims 1-4 any one of them correction tubular visual field, it is characterised in that institute
The eyeglass stated is applied to tubular visual field patient, can increase the visual range of patient, high-resolution can be obtained in visual range
High-resolution image.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6220704B1 (en) * | 1998-06-12 | 2001-04-24 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Progressive power lens |
| CN1815286A (en) * | 2005-02-04 | 2006-08-09 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Method of designing a spectacle lens |
| CN1831582A (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-13 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Method of designing progressive diopter lens group |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3882764B2 (en) * | 2003-02-19 | 2007-02-21 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Progressive power lens |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6220704B1 (en) * | 1998-06-12 | 2001-04-24 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Progressive power lens |
| CN1815286A (en) * | 2005-02-04 | 2006-08-09 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Method of designing a spectacle lens |
| CN1831582A (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-13 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Method of designing progressive diopter lens group |
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