CN105807092B - Design method based on molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer elastic thin film element - Google Patents

Design method based on molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer elastic thin film element Download PDF

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CN105807092B
CN105807092B CN201610158449.XA CN201610158449A CN105807092B CN 105807092 B CN105807092 B CN 105807092B CN 201610158449 A CN201610158449 A CN 201610158449A CN 105807092 B CN105807092 B CN 105807092B
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electrolyte
molecular
induction type
electronic induction
thin film
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周求湛
王春晖
陈永志
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Jilin University
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P15/00Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
    • G01P15/003Kinematic accelerometers, i.e. measuring acceleration in relation to an external reference frame, e.g. Ferratis accelerometers

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Abstract

A design method based on a molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer elastic thin film element belongs to the technical field of sensors. The invention aims to design an elastic thin film element of an accelerometer, which can effectively perform matching design on the elastic thin film element aiming at different accelerometer cavity types, so that the elastic thin film element can match the optimal elastic performance with a cavity in a specific measurement task based on a design method of the elastic thin film element of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer. The fluid dynamics working principle model of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer comprises the following steps: the motion of the electrolyte in the reaction cavity is described through a Navier-Stokes equation, an output equation of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer and the ion migration effect of the electrolyte are described through a Nernst-Plank equation, and a thin film structure and an electrolyte interface equation are established to be solved through the combination of the equations. The invention adjusts the movement change of the concentration of the electrolyte ions in the cavity, thereby eliminating the adverse effect brought by the non-movement direction interference signal generated by the external vibration in the cavity.

Description

Design method based on molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer elastic thin film element
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sensors.
Background
The molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer is a novel low-frequency accelerometer, and the novel accelerometer can realize accurate measurement of low-frequency acceleration through the ion migration effect of electrolyte. In the using process of the sensor, the elastic film structure of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer can generate an elastic force effect on the movement of the electrolyte. When the accelerometer is excited by external acceleration, the electrolyte moves along with the excitation of the external acceleration, so that an electrochemical current signal which is in direct proportion to the acceleration is formed on the electrode. In order to adjust the motion state of the electrolyte, a group of elastic thin film elements are arranged on two sides of the cavity for sealing the electrolyte. Through the elastic thin film element, the movement posture of the electrolyte under external excitation can be adjusted and corrected, so that the suppression of the accelerometer on the non-effective movement mode in the vibration process is realized. At present, the common elastic membrane for restraining the electrolyte of the molecule-electron induction type accelerometer has a plurality of problems in the application process. For sensors of different types, for different measurement tasks and with different measurement ranges, there is currently no way to obtain a more optimal elastic membrane element. In order to compensate for the defect, a plurality of other circuit structures are additionally constructed in the aspect of subsequent conditioning, and errors and influences caused by the elastic membrane element are compensated and eliminated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design an elastic thin film element of an accelerometer, which can effectively perform matching design on the elastic thin film element aiming at different accelerometer cavity types, so that the elastic thin film element can match the optimal elastic performance with a cavity in a specific measurement task based on a design method of the elastic thin film element of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer.
The fluid dynamics working principle model of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer comprises the following steps:
the movement of the electrolyte in the reaction cavity is completely described by a Navier-Stokes equation:
Figure 851800DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 248277DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
is time;
Figure 560310DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
is the electrolyte density;
Figure 545583DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
is the electrolyte viscosity;
Figure 166927DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
acceleration excited by external vibration;
the output equation of the molecular-electron induction type accelerometer and the ion migration effect of the electrolyte are described by using a Nernst-Plank equation:
Figure 299968DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 353374DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
is the current density;
Figure 6204DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
,
Figure 549180DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
and
Figure 841621DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
is the conductivity of the ions in the electrolyte;
Figure 7374DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
,
Figure 763977DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
and
Figure 415538DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
represents the concentration of various ions in the electrolyte;
Figure 460855DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
representing the potential difference between the cathode and the anode;
Figure 669113DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
is a vector of velocity; f is a Faraday constant;
Figure 217906DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
is the gas constant;
Figure 368265DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
Figure 635298DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 145783DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
is an electrode meterA face normal vector parameter;
Figure 424449DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
and
Figure 745709DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
is the reaction constant of the cathode and anode;n=1 is the number of charges of the dotted ions;
Figure 814552DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
0.5, which is the conversion coefficient of electrode electrons to charges;Uis the voltage applied between the cathode and the anode;
Figure 551564DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
is the equilibrium potential of the electrochemical reaction;
the model is established as follows:
establishing an interface equation of the thin film structure and the electrolyte:
Figure 74949DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 504794DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
is the contour line of the interface, which determines the position of the elastic membrane structure at a certain time;
Figure 543157DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
then represents the velocity vector of the fluid;
Figure 896909DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
is the thickness distribution of the elastic film;
the global structural equation for density and viscosity across the interface is as follows:
Figure 540380DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 937863DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
and
Figure 40686DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
respectively the density and viscosity of the electrolyte, and
Figure 932550DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
and
Figure 492844DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
density and viscosity of the elastic film;
in terms of kinetics, the Cahn-hilard equation is used to describe the kinetic relationship between solid-liquid two-phase flows:
Figure 998912DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 523784DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
is the mobility of the electrolyte;
Figure 468606DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
is the mixed energy density at the interface of the solid-liquid two-phase flow;
the mixed energy density and film thickness can be described by the surface tension equation, which is:
Figure 821090DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
throughout the process, the mass and momentum transfer equations incorporate a fluid dynamics model with the following form of relationship:
Figure 576688DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
Figure 76939DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
Figure 497556DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure 344027DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
is the density of the electrolyte;
Figure 4947DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
is time;
Figure 930178DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
is the velocity vector of the electrolyte;
Figure 216803DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
is the acceleration of gravity;
Figure 858393DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
is a vector of the surface tension of a liquid.
The invention provides a novel design method for the elastic thin film element of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer by fully researching a working principle model of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer and combining the actual situation of the elastic thin film of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer, and the elastic thin film element can be effectively designed in a matching way for different accelerometer cavity types by adopting the algorithm, so that the elastic thin film element can be matched with the cavity with the optimal elastic performance in a specific measurement task. Thereby, the specified acceleration measurement task is well completed. When the cavity is excited by external acceleration, the charged ion migration in the electrolyte can be influenced, and the dynamic motion form of the electrolyte in the reaction cavity can be effectively corrected through the elastic film element. When the accelerometer is excited by an external acceleration signal, the elastic membrane element can effectively eliminate acceleration components in other directions through elastic force generated by self deformation, so that the movement change of the concentration of electrolyte ions in the cavity is adjusted, and the adverse effect caused by non-movement direction interference signals generated by external vibration in the cavity is eliminated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a molecular-electronic induction accelerometer cavity structure and an elastic mold structure;
FIG. 2 is a modeling diagram of a cavity structure and an elastic mode structure of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the shock response state of the elastic mode structure of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the effect of the elastic mode structure of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer at the end of response;
FIG. 5 is a view of the elastic modulus structure of the present invention in a state of motion under impact;
fig. 6 is a diagram showing a state of motion of a conventional membrane structure under impact.
Detailed Description
The fluid dynamics working principle model of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer comprises the following steps:
the movement of the electrolyte in the reaction cavity is completely described by a Navier-Stokes equation:
Figure 142744DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 430637DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
is time;
Figure 255373DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
is the electrolyte density;
Figure 436956DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
is the electrolyte viscosity;
Figure 203792DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
acceleration excited by external vibration;
the output equation of the molecular-electron induction type accelerometer and the ion migration effect of the electrolyte are described by using a Nernst-Plank equation:
Figure 103615DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 732043DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
is the current density;
Figure 581181DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
,
Figure 207335DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
and
Figure 656771DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
is the conductivity of the ions in the electrolyte;
Figure 93085DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
,
Figure 249260DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
and
Figure 921681DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
represents the concentration of various ions in the electrolyte;
Figure 592834DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
representing the potential difference between the cathode and the anode;
Figure 77910DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
is a vector of velocity; f is a Faraday constant;
Figure 88592DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
is the gas constant;
Figure 118865DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
Figure 214997DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 474071DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
is the electrode surface normal vector parameter;
Figure 667155DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
and
Figure 806012DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
is the reaction constant of the cathode and anode;n=1 is the number of charges of the dotted ions;
Figure 703954DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
0.5, the conversion coefficient of electrode electrons to charges;Uis the voltage applied between the cathode and the anode;
Figure 953670DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
is the equilibrium potential of the electrochemical reaction;
the model is established as follows:
establishing an interface equation of the thin film structure and the electrolyte:
Figure 876627DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure 186385DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
is the contour line of the interface, which determines the position of the elastic membrane structure at a certain time;
Figure 568694DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
then represents the velocity vector of the fluid;
Figure 622101DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
is the thickness distribution of the elastic film;
the global structural equation for density and viscosity across the interface is as follows:
Figure 524198DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 4857DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
and
Figure 110348DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
respectively the density and viscosity of the electrolyte, and
Figure 29762DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
and
Figure 724049DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
density and viscosity of the elastic film;
in terms of kinetics, the Cahn-hilard equation is used to describe the kinetic relationship between solid-liquid two-phase flows:
Figure 684265DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure 604947DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
is the mobility of the electrolyte;
Figure 62474DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
is the mixed energy density at the interface of the solid-liquid two-phase flow;
the mixed energy density and film thickness can be described by the surface tension equation, which is:
Figure 922851DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
throughout the process, the mass and momentum transfer equations incorporate a fluid dynamics model with the following form of relationship:
Figure 10893DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
Figure 340243DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
Figure 86613DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure 132323DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
is the density of the electrolyte;
Figure 266632DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
is time;
Figure 817699DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
is the velocity vector of the electrolyte;
Figure 820290DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
is the acceleration of gravity;
Figure 655260DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
is a vector of the surface tension of a liquid.
Through the joint solution of the above equations, the elastic film structure of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer can be effectively modeled.
The cavity and the thin film structure of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer are shown in figure 2. Wherein, the top is an elastic membrane structure, and the lower end is a cavity for packaging electrolyte.
The invention relates to a design method of an elastic thin film element for a molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer. The invention is based on the establishment of a working principle model of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer, and can carry out in-depth analysis on the structure and the material of the elastic thin film element forming the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer. Through software analysis and simulation calculation, the required elastic thin film element can be customized, so that the influence of the mismatching of the elastic thin film element of the sensor on the dynamic noise of the sensor is eliminated, the elastic thin film element can be adapted to the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer with any structure, the dynamic noise generated by the mismatching of the thin film is reduced, and the adverse influence caused by the dynamic noise is eliminated.
1. Determining the single-cavity structure parameters of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer according to design indexes and requirements;
2. establishing a mathematical model of the elastic film element of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer according to a working principle model of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer;
3. solving and realizing the mathematical model by using finite element analysis software to obtain an impact response state diagram of the elastic film element of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer;
4. and screening and evaluating the elastic film element of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer by using the impact response state diagram.
For the cavity with the same parameter size, two elastic die structures with different hardness are designed. Meanwhile, the same acceleration shock response signal is given to the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer. And the quality evaluation of the elastic mold structures with two different hardness is completed by observing the motion condition of the film structure on the reaction cavity.
FIG. 3 shows the same acceleration signal as excitation for two accelerometer cavities of the same shape;
under the excitation of the same acceleration signal, the elastic mode structure above generates deformation and vibration to a certain extent due to the impact motion response of the electrolyte. Meanwhile, the elastic die element above the electrolyte also eliminates the impact response to a certain degree, so that the elastic die element can be quickly recovered to a stable state, and the next acceleration impact signal can be timely reacted.
After 0.3 second, the movement of the electrolyte under acceleration excitation has been completed by providing the elastic mold with higher hardness. The elastic module structure with lower hardness is still excited by residual energy under the impact response of the electrolyte, and the impact signal which should be suppressed cannot be effectively eliminated.
Through the method mentioned in the summary of the invention, not only can qualitative evaluation be carried out on different types of elastic modulus effects from corresponding time, but also the real-time motion situation of the elastic modulus structure can be obtained through relevant operations in the method. Its relationship in time and speed.
As can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, at the beginning, the elastic modes of two different materials are excited by the same degree of acceleration signal. Within the following 0.5 second, the elastic die structure with high hardness can effectively inhibit the movement of the electrolyte generated by the signal within the time period, and finally the electrolyte is recovered to a stable state within 0.5 second; in the case of the structure with the softer elastic mode, the elastic force generated by the elastic mode under vibration excitation cannot effectively restrict the electrolyte in the moving direction, so that the moving state of the elastic thin-film element is unstable, and is accompanied by a self-excitation phenomenon, which causes aliasing of the current residual signal and the next excitation signal, and seriously affects the measuring range and the using effect of the sensor.
Therefore, the application result of the invention can effectively evaluate and screen the elastic film element of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer; the effect of the elastic thin film element of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer on the electrolyte flow velocity field can be described in detail. Through comprehensive description of an electrolyte fluid equation and an elastic mode element modeling method, an adaptation relation curve of different molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer elastic mode structures can be drawn, and screening and evaluation of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer elastic mode structures can be achieved through the curve.
The invention is designed based on a working principle model of a molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer elastic mode structure. The elastic film element of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer can be effectively designed through the modeling method, and the elastic film element can be ensured to accurately and reliably work in accelerometers with different cavity structures.
The invention provides a design method for an elastic film element of a molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer, which is established for the first time based on the working principle of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer and provides a motion curve of the elastic film in the working process through the numerical operation of a computer. The specific requirements are as follows:
1. a mathematical model of the elastic thin film element is established based on a molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer model;
2. and (3) obtaining a motion curve of the elastic film element of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer in the working process based on the model.
Specific examples are as follows:
TABLE 1 Performance index of the molecular-electronic induction accelerometer Chamber and external Circuit
Figure 881842DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
The structural design of the elastic thin film element of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer (detailed technical indexes are shown in table 1):
1. the cavity and the elastic thin film element of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer are shown in figure 1.
2. The structural parameters of the molecular-electronic induction velocimeter are as follows:
the simulation parameters such as the size of a via hole, the concentration of electrolyte, the viscosity, the size of a reaction cavity and the like are given by a table;
Figure 123468DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
3. and (3) obtaining a graph of the impact response effect of the elastic thin film element of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer through numerical modeling (figures 5 and 6).

Claims (1)

1. A design method based on a molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer elastic thin film element is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the single-cavity structure parameters of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer according to design indexes and requirements;
(2) establishing a mathematical model of the elastic film element of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer according to a working principle model of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer;
(3) solving and realizing the mathematical model by using finite element analysis software to obtain an impact response state diagram of the elastic film element of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer;
(4) screening and evaluating an elastic thin film element of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer by using the impact response state diagram;
the fluid dynamic working principle model of the molecular-electronic induction type accelerometer is as follows:
the movement of the electrolyte in the reaction cavity is completely described by a Navier-Stokes equation:
Figure FDA0003709067880000011
Figure FDA0003709067880000012
wherein t is time; rho is the electrolyte density; mu is the viscosity of the electrolyte;
Figure FDA0003709067880000013
acceleration excited by external vibration;
the output equation of the molecular-electron induction type accelerometer and the ion migration effect of the electrolyte are described by using a Nernst-Plank equation:
Figure FDA0003709067880000014
Figure FDA0003709067880000015
Figure FDA0003709067880000016
Figure FDA0003709067880000017
m=D/(RT) (7)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003709067880000018
is the current density;
Figure FDA0003709067880000019
D I -and D K+ Is the conductivity of the ions in the electrolyte;
Figure FDA00037090678800000115
and
Figure FDA00037090678800000116
represents the concentration of various ions in the electrolyte;
Figure FDA00037090678800000111
representing the potential difference between the cathode and the anode;
Figure FDA00037090678800000112
is a vector of velocity; f is a Faraday constant; r is 8.314J/(kg · mol) is the gas constant;
Figure FDA00037090678800000113
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA00037090678800000114
is the electrode surface normal vector parameter; k is a radical of a And k c Is the reaction constant of the cathode and anode; n is 1, the number of charges of the dotted ions; alpha is 0.5, which is the conversion coefficient of electrode electrons and charges; u is the voltage applied between the cathode and the anode; e 0 Is the equilibrium potential of the electrochemical reaction;
the model is established as follows:
establishing an interface equation of the thin film structure and the electrolyte:
Figure FDA0003709067880000021
wherein phi is the contour line of the interface and determines the position of the elastic membrane structure at a certain time;
Figure FDA0003709067880000028
then represents the velocity vector of the fluid; epsilon is the thickness distribution of the elastic membrane;
the global structural equation for density and viscosity across the interface is as follows:
ρ=ρ l +(ρ ml )Φ (10)
μ=μ l +(μ ml )Φ (11)
where ρ is l And mu l Density and viscosity of the electrolyte, respectively, and ρ m And mu m Density and viscosity of the elastic film;
in terms of kinetics, the Cahn-hilard equation is used to describe the kinetic relationship between solid-liquid two-phase flows:
Figure FDA0003709067880000022
Figure FDA0003709067880000023
wherein γ is the mobility of the electrolyte; lambda is the mixed energy density at the interface of the solid-liquid two-phase flow;
the mixed energy density and film thickness can be described by the surface tension equation, which is:
Figure FDA0003709067880000024
throughout the process, the mass and momentum transfer equations incorporate a fluid dynamics model with the following form of relationship:
Figure FDA0003709067880000025
wherein rho is the density of the electrolyte; t is time;
Figure FDA0003709067880000026
is the velocity vector of the electrolyte; g is the acceleration of gravity;
Figure FDA0003709067880000027
is a vector of the surface tension of a liquid.
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