CN105806892A - Solid-liquid universal type thermal stimulus current measuring device - Google Patents
Solid-liquid universal type thermal stimulus current measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105806892A CN105806892A CN201610141274.1A CN201610141274A CN105806892A CN 105806892 A CN105806892 A CN 105806892A CN 201610141274 A CN201610141274 A CN 201610141274A CN 105806892 A CN105806892 A CN 105806892A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
Abstract
The invention discloses a solid-liquid universal type thermal stimulus current measuring device. The device comprises a vacuum insulation barrel, fixed pillars, a lower electrode, an insulation sleeve, an upper electrode, a glass ring, an upper partition board, a lower partition board and a spring, wherein a measurement cavity is formed in the vacuum insulation barrel, a top cover is arranged on the top of the measurement cavity to seal the measurement cavity, a heater is arranged on the measurement cavity, a nitrogen inlet is formed in the measurement cavity, an exhaust port is formed in the top cover, and a cooling medium is arranged between the measurement cavity and the vacuum insulation barrel; the upper end of the fixed pillar is connected with the top cover, the lower electrode is connected with the fixed pillars, and the lower electrode is provided with a groove and a temperature sensor; a metal conductive core penetrates through the insulation sleeve, the upper electrode is connected with the metal conductive core and opposite to the lower electrode in the vertical direction, and the glass ring is placed in the groove and can be taken out; the upper partition board and the lower partition board are arranged in a vertically alternating mode and located above the upper electrode, and the spring is arranged on the outer side of the metal conductive core in a sleeving mode and located between the upper electrode and the lower partition board. The device can be used for measurement of both solid dielectric and liquid dielectric.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dielectric substance technical field of performance test, especially relate to a kind of universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid.
Background technology
The dielectric of dielectric substance and conductive characteristic and charge storage characteristic, and material internal carrier kind, quantity, character, and status and the behavior under the various stimulations such as electricity, light, heat thereof are closely related.It is also one of maximally effective measurement technology that thermally stimulated current method is by this research the most frequently used.Thermally stimulated current method is a special kind of skill grown up on medium physical basis, for measuring dielectric micro-parameter (such as activation energy, relaxation time, trap level distribution etc.), at home and abroad become the measuring method on a kind of basis, it is characterized in measuring sensitivity and resolution height, measures accurately.
Thermally stimulated current method is mainly for solid dielectric material, such as polymer, pottery, nano-filled composites etc..In recent years, thermally stimulated current method also obtains preliminary application on common liquid dielectric material, such as transformer oil, Merlon etc., study the nano modification impact on liquid dielectric microcosmic trap parameters, contribute to illustrating the inherent mechanism of action that macroscopic view electric property develops.But thermally stimulated current method obtains further genralrlization application in liquid dielectric field remains some restrictions, such as:
(1) a large amount of volatilization problems of liquid dielectric under vacuum and high temperature.In thermally stimulated current test process, tested sample is after electric polarization a period of time, cooling rapidly, the temperature that linear temperature increase is extremely higher again, and vacuum causes that boiling point of liquid declines, possibly even lower than high temperature test district so that liquid dielectric boiling disturbance and disturbed test, vacuum also increases the rate of volatilization of liquid dielectric, measuring contamination device；
(2) accuracy problem that liquid dielectric sample thickness is demarcated.Solid dielectric specimen holder between electrodes, and applies pressure, and to realize the good contact of electrode and tested sample surface, sample thickness is electrode spacing.And liquid dielectric is different, how to facilitate, accurate calibration actual measurement liquid dielectric tested sample thickness (often below 1 millimeter) need further demonstration；
(3) compatibility issue of liquid dielectric and solid dielectric thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus.Upper/lower electrode for solid dielectric sample testing is plate, it is difficult to be directly used in splendid attire and the test of liquid dielectric.
Summary of the invention
It is contemplated that at least solve one of technical problem of existence in prior art.For this, it is an object of the present invention to propose a kind of universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid, the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of this solid-liquid can the measurement demand of thermally stimulated current of compatible solid dielectric and liquid dielectric.
The universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid according to the present invention, including: vacuum insulation pail, the measurement cavity of open-top it is provided with in described vacuum insulation pail, top closure is arranged at the top of described measurement cavity, described measurement cavity is provided with heater, described measurement cavity is provided with nitrogen inlet, described top cover is communicated with the air vent of described measurement cavity, is provided with cooling medium between described measurement cavity and described vacuum insulation pail；Fixing post, described fixing post upper end is connected with described top cover and downwardly extends；Bottom electrode, described bottom electrode is connected with described fixing post, and the upper surface of described bottom electrode is provided with the groove for shelving determinand, and described bottom electrode is provided with temperature sensor；Insulated sleeve, described insulated sleeve is located on described top cover and vertically runs through described top cover, is equipped with metal guide core in described insulated sleeve；Upper electrode, described upper electrode and described metal guide core are connected and relative up and down with described bottom electrode, and described groove is on described between electrode and described bottom electrode；Glass ring, described glass ring is placed in described groove removedly, for separate when described tested sample is liquid described on electrode and described bottom electrode；Upper spacer and lower clapboard, described upper spacer and described lower clapboard are between the upper and lower every arranging and being positioned at above described upper electrode, and described upper spacer is connected with described fixing post with described lower clapboard；Spring, described spring housing be located at outside described metal guide core and on described between electrode and described lower clapboard and to electrode on described apply pressure make described on electrode and described bottom electrode close to each other.
The universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid according to the present invention, can the measurement demand of the simultaneously thermally stimulated current of compatible solid dielectric and liquid dielectric, solve vacuum to volatilize in a large number and perturbed problem with liquid under hot conditions, and effectively achieve the calibrating function of liquid dielectric tested sample thickness, possess and use the advantages such as temperature range is wide, capability of electromagnetic shielding good, cooldown rate is fast, cooling medium consumption is few.
It addition, the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid according to the present invention can also have following additional technical characteristic:
According to some embodiments of the present invention, described air vent is positioned at the position of neighboring edge above top cover, and described nitrogen inlet is positioned at the position measuring cavity side adjacent bottom.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, being provided with sealing ring between described measurement cavity and described top cover, and described measurement cavity and described top cover are connected by fixing screw, the periphery that described fixing screw includes along described top cover is spaced apart multiple.
Alternatively, described measurement cavity is made up of the metal of high heat conduction, and described top cover is casting coping, and described sealing ring is made up of the material of poor thermal conductivity, insulation, and described upper spacer and described lower clapboard are and are horizontally disposed with and heat insulation plastics plate body.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, described fixing post is insulation column, and the upper end of described fixing post is fixed on the lower surface of top cover, and described fixing post is naturally vertically sagging.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the upper end of described spring is against on described lower clapboard and lower end is against on described upper electrode.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, it is protruding that described bottom electrode upper surface is formed with a loop, limits described groove inside described annular projection.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, described glass ring is annular sheet glass, and the internal diameter of described glass ring is less than the external diameter of described upper electrode.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, described temperature sensor is located in described bottom electrode, and the Surface coating of described temperature sensor has insulation diaphragm.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, described heater is positioned at the inside of described measurement cavity diapire.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will part provide in the following description, and part will become apparent from the description below, or is recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or the additional aspect of the present invention and advantage are from conjunction with will be apparent from easy to understand the accompanying drawings below description to embodiment, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the generalized section of the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid according to embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that liquid dielectric tested sample is carried out the tomograph of electrode part when thermally stimulated current is measured by the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid according to embodiments of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing labelling:
100: the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid；
1: metal guide core；2: insulated sleeve；3: air vent；4: top cover；5: fixing screw；6: vacuum insulation pail；7: upper spacer；8: lower clapboard；9: cooling medium；10: measure cavity；11: nitrogen inlet；12: fixing post；13: sealing ring；14: spring；15: upper electrode；16: tested sample；17: bottom electrode；18: temperature sensor；19: insulation diaphragm；20: heater；21: glass ring；22: groove.
Detailed description of the invention
Being described below in detail embodiments of the invention, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has the element of same or like function from start to finish.The embodiment described below with reference to accompanying drawing is illustrative of, and is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
Solid-liquid universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus 100 according to embodiments of the present invention being described in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus 100 of this solid-liquid may be used for dielectric substance thermally stimulated current performance test.Wherein, above-below direction and left and right directions when above-below direction and left and right directions all normally use with the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus 100 of solid-liquid are as the criterion.
As it is shown in figure 1, solid-liquid universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus 100 according to embodiments of the present invention may include that vacuum insulation pail 6, fixing post 12, insulated sleeve 2, bottom electrode 17, upper electrode 15, glass ring 21, upper spacer 7, lower clapboard 8 and spring 14.
Specifically, as it is shown in figure 1, measurement cavity 10 can be provided with in vacuum insulation pail 6, the measurement work of tested sample 16 can be carried out in measurement cavity 10, to reduce the external environment impact on measurement result.The top measuring cavity 10 can be opened wide, and the top measuring cavity 10 can have top cover 4 to close, thus top cover 4 can be annular seal space by measuring cavity 10 internal structure, electric polarization and thermostimulation to tested sample 16 can carry out in this annular seal space.Measuring and can be provided with heater 20 on cavity 10, heater 20 can be used for the constant temperature to tested sample 16 polarization process and process of depolarization linear temperature increase condition regulates and controls.
As shown in Figure 1, measure and cavity 10 can be provided with nitrogen inlet 11, top cover 4 can be communicated with measuring the air vent 3 of cavity 10, such that it is able to pass into nitrogen by nitrogen inlet 11 in measurement cavity 10, measure original air in cavity 10 to discharge from air vent 3, to ensure to measure the atmosphere that cavity 10 inner drying is stable, and may insure that outside air cannot be introduced into measuring in cavity 10 in measurement process, eliminate the impact on measurement result of the moisture in air and air, simultaneously, thermal convection current can be strengthened, it is beneficial to heat transmission, the boiling point making liquid dielectric remains unchanged, solve the problem that vacuum is volatilized in a large number with liquid under hot conditions.Measure and can be provided with cooling medium 9 between cavity 10 and vacuum insulation pail 6, for instance, as it is shown in figure 1, cooling medium 9 can be located in vacuum insulation pail 6, measures cavity 10 periphery, for quickly cooling down measurement apparatus.
Fixing post 12 can be used for fixing upper spacer 7, lower clapboard 8 and bottom electrode 17 etc., as it is shown in figure 1, the upper end of fixing post 12 can be connected with top cover 4, and fixing post 12 can downwardly extend, that is, one end of fixing post 12 is fixed on the lower surface of top cover 4, and the other end is naturally vertically sagging.
Bottom electrode 17 can be connected with fixing post 12, bottom electrode 17 can with measurement apparatus such as microgalvanometer, pico-ampere tables etc. are connected, in linear temperature increase process of depolarization, thermally stimulated current signal can be drawn by bottom electrode 17, to obtain the thermally stimulated current value of tested sample 16, and the upper surface of bottom electrode 17 can be provided with the groove 22 for shelving tested sample 16, tested sample 16 can be placed in measurement in this groove 22, such that it is able to prevent liquid tested sample 16 seepage, the splendid attire realizing liquid dielectric is fixed, and then the measurement demand of solid dielectric and liquid dielectric can be taken into account.As it is shown in figure 1, bottom electrode 17 can be provided with temperature sensor 18, with the temperature of Real-time Collection tested sample 16.
Glass ring 21 is placed in groove removedly, for separating power on pole 15 and bottom electrode 17 when tested sample 16 is for liquid, that is, when tested sample 16 is liquid, liquid tested sample 16 is added in groove 22, can glass ring 21 be placed in groove 22, avoid because liquid tested sample 16 pressure-bearing cannot cause upper electrode 15 directly to contact with bottom electrode 17 and be short-circuited, and upper electrode 15 can be supported by glass ring 21, reduce the probability of the accident that is short-circuited further, simultaneously, a number of glass ring 21 can be placed according to the predetermined thickness of tested sample 16, form, between upper electrode 15 and bottom electrode 17, the spacing determined, the demarcation of liquid tested sample 16 thickness can be realized.Thus, glass ring 21 can integrate insulation, support and thickness calibrating function, such that it is able to solve a guardian technique difficult problem for liquid dielectric test.
As shown in Figure 1, insulated sleeve 2 may be provided on top cover 4, and run through top cover 4 along the vertical direction, such as, as shown in Figure 1, insulated sleeve 2 can pass the center of top cover 4, metal guide core 1 can be equipped with in insulative pipe sleeve 2, metal guide core 1 can be the solid metallic conductor that a root surface is smooth, in electric polarization course, DC high voltage can be incorporated in measurement cavity 10 by metal guide core 1, insulated sleeve 2 can be formed as the cylindric of hollow, so that DC high voltage and top cover 4 are insulated, prevent top cover 4 charged, avoid top cover 4 that measurement result is produced impact, under the premise ensureing measurement apparatus miniaturization feature, improve the pressure performance of DC voltage.
Upper electrode 15 can be connected with metal guide core 1, such as, as it is shown in figure 1, the top of upper electrode 15 can be connected with metal guide core 1, and upper electrode 15 can be relative with bottom electrode about 17, upper electrode 15 can will be exerted pressure outward and DC high voltage is applied in tested sample 16 simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 1, upper spacer 7 and lower clapboard 8 can between the upper and lower every layouts, upper spacer 7 can be connected with fixing post 12 with lower clapboard 8, upper spacer 7 can be used for stoping to be measured between cavity 10 inside and top cover 4 due to thermal convection current effect that is uneven and that cause of being heated, the effect of lower clapboard 8 is similar with upper spacer 7 on the one hand, prevent from measuring the thermal convection current effect in cavity 10, as the strong point of spring 14, spring 14 can be facilitated to provide chucking power on the other hand.
Spring 14 can be set in outside metal guide core 1, and spring 14 may be located between electrode 15 and lower clapboard 8, spring 14 upwards can apply pressure by electrode 15, makes electrode 15 and bottom electrode 17 close to each other, tested sample 16 to be clamped between upper electrode 15 and bottom electrode 17.As shown in Figure 1, in the thermally stimulated current measurement process of tested sample 16, spring 14 is enclosed within outside the metal guide core 1 above electrode 15, and one end is against lower clapboard 8, the other end is against upper electrode 15, solid tested sample 16 applies pressure, meets solid dielectric and accommodate the testing requirement of pressurized.
nullThe universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus 100 of solid-liquid according to embodiments of the present invention，By measurement cavity 10 is located in vacuum insulation pail 6，And measuring, cavity 10 arranges nitrogen inlet 11，Nitrogen is utilized to replace the vacuum measured in cavity 10，Thermal convection current can be strengthened and be beneficial to heat transmission，The boiling point making liquid dielectric remains unchanged，By arranging cooling medium 9 at measurement cavity 10 with vacuum insulation pail 6 support，The quick cooling of measurement apparatus can be realized，By arranging groove 22 at the upper surface of bottom electrode 17，Tested sample 16 can be contained in groove 22，Prevent liquid tested sample 16 seepage，The clamping pressurized of solid dielectric and the splendid attire fixation measuring demand with liquid dielectric can be taken into account，And adopt the thickness that glass ring 21 realizes liquid tested sample 16 to demarcate，Glass ring 21 coordinates spring 14 to be used in conjunction with，The stability measuring procedures system can be improved，Possesses use temperature range wide、Capability of electromagnetic shielding is good、Cooldown rate is fast、The advantages such as cooling medium consumption is few.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, as it is shown in figure 1, air vent 3 can be located at the position of neighboring edge above top cover 4, nitrogen inlet 11 can be located at the position measuring cavity 10 side adjacent bottom.Such as, as it is shown in figure 1, nitrogen inlet 11 can be located on the right side wall measuring cavity 10, and the contiguous bottom measuring cavity 10, air vent 3 may be provided in the right side of top cover 4.In whole thermally stimulated current measurement process, nitrogen inlet 11 passes into drying nitrogen with less and constant flow velocity constantly in measurement cavity 10, ensure to measure in cavity 10 and there is dry atmosphere, eliminate the impact of moisture, and less flow velocity is conducive to measuring the temperature adjusting within cavity 10, meanwhile, the gas measured within cavity 10 discharged by air vent 3 with only small speed, and guarantee that environment remains malleation to external world, make outside air cannot be introduced into measuring cavity 10 in measurement process.Thus, drying nitrogen can be utilized on the one hand to replace the vacuum measured in cavity 10, keep the drying property measuring cavity 10, solve the problem that liquid dielectric under vacuum volatilizees in a large number and boiling point declines, on the other hand, thermal convection current can be strengthened, it is beneficial to heat transmission, it is possible to make the boiling point of liquid dielectric hold constant, thereby may be ensured that measurement can be normally carried out, and meet the measurement demand of tested sample 16, improve the accuracy measured.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, sealing ring 13 can be provided with as it is shown in figure 1, measure between cavity 10 and top cover 4, it is achieved seal, it is to avoid the nitrogen measured in cavity 10 leaks, improve the stability measuring environment.Measuring cavity 10 and top cover 4 can be connected by fixing screw 5, the periphery that fixing screw 5 can include along top cover 4 is spaced apart multiple.Such as, fixing screw 5 can be located at the edge of top cover 4, and symmetrically shape, to ensure uniform force.Thus, it is possible to realize top cover 4, sealing ring 13 and measure being tightly fastened of cavity 10, and, by suitable pressure, it is possible to the sealing effectiveness making sealing ring 13 is better.
Alternatively, measure cavity 10 to be made up of the metal of high heat conduction, top cover 4 can be casting coping 4, such that it is able to realize the quick conduction of heat, and the electromagnetic shielding to annular seal space can be realized, the electromagnetic signal avoiding the external world produces interference to measuring work, improves the accuracy of measurement result further.
Alternatively, sealing ring 13 can be made up of the material of poor thermal conductivity, insulation, and sealing ring 13 is at top cover 4 and measures between cavity 10, when fixing screw 5 is fastened on top cover 4, sealing ring 13 can be deformed by compression, on the one hand, can play sealing function, on the other hand, the heat transmission measured between cavity 10 and top cover 4 can be stoped, improve heating and the efficiency of cooling, reduce the energy consumption of heater 20, and the consumption of cooling medium 9 can be reduced, save cost.
Alternatively, upper spacer 7 and lower clapboard 8 all can for be horizontally disposed with and heat insulation plastics plate body, measure between cavity 10 inside and top cover 4 due to thermal convection current effect that is uneven and that cause of being heated thus being possible not only to stop, and the splendid attire of tested sample 16 can be facilitated and fixing, particularly with solid tested sample 16, by upper spacer 7 and lower clapboard 8 are horizontally disposed with, it is ensured that spring 14 is applied to the pressure on electrode 15 and can be evenly distributed, and improves certainty of measurement further.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, fixing post 12 can be insulation column, that is, fixing post 12 can be made up of insulant, when thereby may be ensured that the fixing upper electrode 15 of fixing post 12 and bottom electrode 17, upper electrode 15 and bottom electrode 17 can be fixed on security and stability to be fixed, to meet measurement demand.As it is shown in figure 1, the upper end of fixing post 12 can be fixed on the lower surface of top cover 4, and fixing post 12 can be freely sagging, to facilitate the fixing of upper electrode 15 and bottom electrode 17.
In some embodiments of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, the upper end of spring 14 can be against on lower clapboard 8, and lower end can be against on electrode 15, in measurement process, when tested sample 16 is placed between electrode 15 and bottom electrode 17, spring 14 is compressed, spring 14 upwards can apply pressure by electrode 15, thus upper electrode 15 stably can apply pressure to tested sample 16, it is ensured that measures the stability of process measurement device.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, it is protruding that the upper surface of bottom electrode 17 could be formed with a loop, the inner side of annular projection can limit groove 22, when tested sample 16 is solid dielectric, as shown in Figure 1, tested sample 16 can be placed in groove 22 to carry out testing and measuring, and when tested sample 16 is liquid dielectric, as shown in Figure 2, liquid tested sample 16 can be contained in groove 22, prevent liquid dielectric seepage, such that it is able to take into account the measurement demand of solid dielectric and liquid dielectric.
nullAccording to some embodiments of the present invention，As shown in Figure 2，Glass ring 21 can be annular sheet glass，The thinner thickness of glass ring 21 and the thickness distribution of glass ring 21 are uniform，And the internal diameter of glass ring 21 can less than the external diameter of upper electrode 15，After having contained liquid tested sample 16，Can according to the thickness of predetermined liquid tested sample 16，Several layers of glass ring 21 are placed in groove 22，Again upper electrode 15 is directed at glass ring 21 center of circle to place downwards，Owing to the internal diameter of glass ring 21 is more smaller than the external diameter of upper electrode 15，Therefore，Upper electrode 15 will be supported by glass ring 21，The contact area of the two is little，Now，The gross thickness of glass ring 21 is the thickness of liquid dielectric tested sample 16，Such that it is able to realize the accurate calibration of liquid tested sample 16，Ensure that measuring work can be smoothed out.
In some embodiments of the invention, temperature sensor 18 can be located in bottom electrode 17, to detect the temperature of bottom electrode 17 tested sample 16 in real time, and the surface of temperature sensor 18 can be coated with insulation diaphragm 19, the very thin thickness of insulation diaphragm 19, effect is the temperature sensor 18 of metal material to be insulated with bottom electrode 17, that is, insulation diaphragm 19 can realize the insulation between temperature sensor 18 and bottom electrode 17, prevent the measurement of interference thermally stimulated current signal, improve the sensitivity and accuracy measured.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, as it is shown in figure 1, heater 20 may be located at the inside measuring cavity 10 diapire.Thus, when the constant temperature of tested sample 16 polarization process and process of depolarization linear temperature increase condition are regulated and controled, can be undertaken by thermal convection current and heat radiation two ways, such that it is able to reduce the temperature difference measured in cavity 10, guarantee the uniformity of temperature profile of tested sample 16, improve the accuracy and reliability measured.
Below in conjunction with body 1 and Fig. 2, the measurement process of the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus 100 of solid-liquid according to embodiments of the present invention is described in detail.
If tested sample 16 is solid dielectric, as shown in Figure 1, before measurement, first solid tested sample 16 is placed between upper electrode 15 and bottom electrode 17, the pressure of fine setting spring 14 and the levelness of bottom electrode 17, then fastened top cover 4, measurement cavity 10 and sealing ring 13 by fixing screw 5, and be positioned in vacuum insulation pail 6 by whole measurement cavity 10, then in measurement cavity 10, pass into nitrogen from nitrogen inlet 11, measure the internal original air of cavity 10 and discharge from air vent 3.In whole measurement process, dry nitrogen keeps passing into state with a less and constant speed.Subsequently, by heater 20, whole measurement cavity 10 is heated to a stationary temperature, and by the grounded signal-wires that bottom electrode 17 is drawn, tested sample 16 is polarized by input direct-current high voltage.After electric polarization a period of time, in vacuum insulation pail 6, add cooling medium 9, make the temperature of measurement cavity 10 and inside thereof drop quickly to the minimum temperature of setting.Then DC high voltage is removed, by metal guide core 1 shorted to earth a period of time, even the holding wire drawn by bottom electrode 17 again is connected with outside micro-electric current pico-ampere table, and control heater 20 and carry out intelligent control, heat up with certain rate linear, temperature-rise period records thermally stimulated current value and corresponding temperature, and the data that recorded are transmitted along to computer, can complete dielectric thermally stimulated current measurement work.
If tested sample 16 is liquid dielectric, measuring difference with solid dielectric thermally stimulated current is tested sample 16 and the fixing means of upper electrode 15.As shown in Figure 2, first liquid dielectric tested sample 16 is gone to add in the raised annular groove 22 of bottom electrode 17 upper surface, then the thickness according to predetermined tested sample 16, the uniform thin glass ring 21 of number layer thickness is placed in groove 22, again the center of circle that upper electrode 15 is directed at glass ring 21 is placed downwards, and regulate the pressure of spring 14, owing to glass ring 21 hollow space diameter is more smaller than upper electrode 15, therefore, upper electrode 15 can be supported by glass ring 21, the contact area of the two is little, now the gross thickness of glass ring 21 is the thickness of liquid dielectric tested sample 16, achieve the accurate calibration of liquid tested sample 16.It is identical with above-mentioned solid dielectric tested sample thermally stimulated current measurement process that follow-up thermally stimulated current measures process, therefore repeats no more here.
In sum, the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus 100 of solid-liquid according to embodiments of the present invention, can the measurement demand of the simultaneously thermally stimulated current of compatible solid dielectric and liquid dielectric, based on the general process that thermostimulation depolarization current measuring principle and thermally stimulated current are tested, solve vacuum to volatilize in a large number and perturbed problem with liquid under hot conditions, under holding means miniaturization feature premise, further increase the pressure performance of system by reasonable Insulation Coordination；And adopting glass ring 21 in uniform thickness, effectively achieve the calibrating function of liquid dielectric tested sample thickness, solve a key technology difficult problem for liquid dielectric sample, the development measuring technology for thermally stimulated current provides important technical support.Simultaneously, solid-liquid universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus 100 according to embodiments of the present invention also has the advantages such as temperature control scope is wide, electromagnetic shielding good, rate of temperature fall is fast, cooling medium consumption is few, has also been effectively ensured universality and the reliability of solid dielectric and the test of liquid dielectric thermally stimulated current.
In describing the invention, it will be appreciated that, orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as term " " center ", " on ", D score, " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", " outward ", " axially ", " radially ", " circumference " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship; be for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifying and describe; rather than instruction or imply indication device or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, be therefore not considered as limiting the invention.In describing the invention, except as otherwise noted, " multiple " are meant that two or more.
In describing the invention, it is necessary to explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for instance, it is possible to it is fixing connection, it is also possible to be removably connect, or connect integratedly；Can be mechanically connected, it is also possible to be electrical connection；Can be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, it is possible to be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, it is possible to concrete condition understands above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature it " on " or D score can include the first and second features and directly contact, it is also possible to include the first and second features and be not directly contact but by the other characterisation contact between them.
Above disclosure provides many different embodiments or example for realizing the different structure of the present invention.In order to simplify disclosure of the invention, above parts and setting to specific examples are described.Certainly, they are only merely illustrative, and are not intended to the restriction present invention.Additionally, the present invention can in different examples repeat reference numerals and/or letter.This repetition is for purposes of simplicity and clarity, the relation between itself not indicating discussed various embodiment and/or arranging.Additionally, the example of the various specific technique that the invention provides and material, but those of ordinary skill in the art are it can be appreciated that the use of the property of can be applicable to of other techniques and/or other materials.
In the description of this specification, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " illustrative examples ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means in conjunction with this embodiment or example describe are contained at least one embodiment or the example of the present invention.In this manual, the schematic representation of above-mentioned term is not necessarily referring to identical embodiment or example.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or example.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: these embodiments can being carried out multiple change, amendment, replacement and modification when without departing from principles of the invention and objective, the scope of the present invention is limited by claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid, it is characterised in that including:
Vacuum insulation pail, the measurement cavity of open-top it is provided with in described vacuum insulation pail, top closure is arranged at the top of described measurement cavity, described measurement cavity is provided with heater, described measurement cavity is provided with nitrogen inlet, described top cover is communicated with the air vent of described measurement cavity, between described measurement cavity and described vacuum insulation pail, is provided with cooling medium；
Fixing post, described fixing post upper end is connected with described top cover and downwardly extends；
Bottom electrode, described bottom electrode is connected with described fixing post, and the upper surface of described bottom electrode is provided with the groove for shelving tested sample, and described bottom electrode is provided with temperature sensor；
Insulated sleeve, described insulated sleeve is located on described top cover and runs through described top cover along the vertical direction, is equipped with metal guide core in described insulated sleeve；
Upper electrode, described upper electrode and described metal guide core are connected and relative up and down with described bottom electrode, and described groove is on described between electrode and described bottom electrode；
Glass ring, described glass ring is placed in described groove removedly, for separate when described tested sample is liquid described on electrode and described bottom electrode；
Upper spacer and lower clapboard, described upper spacer and described lower clapboard are between the upper and lower every arranging and being positioned at above described upper electrode, and described upper spacer is connected with described fixing post with described lower clapboard；
Spring, described spring housing be located at outside described metal guide core and on described between electrode and described lower clapboard and to electrode on described apply pressure make described on electrode and described bottom electrode close to each other.
2. the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described air vent is positioned at the position of neighboring edge above top cover, described nitrogen inlet is positioned at the position measuring cavity side adjacent bottom.
3. the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is provided with sealing ring between described measurement cavity and described top cover, and described measurement cavity and described top cover are connected by fixing screw, the periphery that described fixing screw includes along described top cover is spaced apart multiple.
4. the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described measurement cavity is made up of the metal of high heat conduction, described top cover is casting coping, described sealing ring is made up of the material of poor thermal conductivity, insulation, and described upper spacer and described lower clapboard are and are horizontally disposed with and heat insulation plastics plate body.
5. the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fixing post is insulation column, and the upper end of described fixing post is fixed on the lower surface of top cover, and described fixing post is naturally vertically sagging.
6. the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the upper end of described spring is against on described lower clapboard and lower end is against on described upper electrode.
7. the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is protruding that described bottom electrode upper surface is formed with a loop, limits described groove inside described annular projection.
8. the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described glass ring is annular sheet glass, and the internal diameter of described glass ring is less than the external diameter of described upper electrode.
9. the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described temperature sensor is located in described bottom electrode, and the Surface coating of described temperature sensor has insulation diaphragm.
10. the universal thermally stimulated current measurement apparatus of solid-liquid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described heater is positioned at the inside of described measurement cavity diapire.
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| CN108267644A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-07-10 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of controllable temperature two-electrode system for the test of insulating materials dielectric properties |
| CN108760818A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-11-06 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of novel thermally stimulated current measuring device |
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| CN114295682A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-08 | 重庆科技学院 | Device and method for testing electrical property of fluid under different pressures and temperatures |
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