CN105806771A - Device and method for measuring etching-resistant performance of soil slope under rainfall flushing condition - Google Patents

Device and method for measuring etching-resistant performance of soil slope under rainfall flushing condition Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105806771A
CN105806771A CN201610278051.XA CN201610278051A CN105806771A CN 105806771 A CN105806771 A CN 105806771A CN 201610278051 A CN201610278051 A CN 201610278051A CN 105806771 A CN105806771 A CN 105806771A
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soil
soil sample
measured
side slope
balance
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CN105806771B (en
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董立山
孙志杰
赵建斌
张军
隋来才
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Shanxi Jiao Ke Geotechnical Engineering Co Ltd
Shanxi Province Transport Science Research Institute
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Shanxi Jiao Ke Geotechnical Engineering Co Ltd
Shanxi Province Transport Science Research Institute
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light

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Abstract

The invention provides a device and method for measuring the etching-resistant performance of a soil slope under the rainfall flushing condition. The device comprises an external cylindrical support frame, an internal cylindrical support frame, a metal square net with meshes, a vertical connecting support frame, a container in a shape like a Chinese character 'ao' and a balance, wherein a transverse connecting support frame is arranged on the top of the external cylindrical support frame along the radial direction of the external cylindrical support frame; the internal cylindrical support frame is inserted from the top of the external cylindrical support frame and is fixedly connected with the external cylindrical support frame through the transverse connecting support frame; the vertical connecting support frame is arranged inside the internal cylindrical support frame and moves along the axial direction of the internal cylindrical support frame; the external cylindrical support frame covers the outside of the balance; the container in the shape like a Chinese character 'ao' is arranged on the balance; the metal square net with the meshes is arranged at the bottom of the vertical connecting support frame and is arranged in the container in the shape like a Chinese character 'ao' in a suspended way. The device and the method have the advantages that laboratory equipment is effectively used for evaluating the anti-erosion performance of the soil slope; the field experiment work load is reduced; the cost is reduced.

Description

The measurement apparatus of soil-slope corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation and method
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of civil engineering, relate to measurement apparatus and the method for a kind of soil-slope corrosion resistance, particularly relate to measurement apparatus and the method for soil-slope corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation.
Background technology
As the construction material of slope project, road engineering and dyke building etc., the soil body is directly exposed in atmospheric environment.Soil's water content alternately etc. is affected by environmental change, precipitation, water level, and slope table layer soil body is easily generated erosion and peels off and wash away etc. disease, to such an extent as to breaks and peel off and then reduce engineering stability.Different from rock side slope, the most common disease of current soil-slope is domatic problem, along with extensive civil engineering construction, soil-slope domatic etch resistant properties reduction the slope disaster, localized landslip and the overall landslide that cause are more and more, cause economic loss serious harm people's life safety.The usual degree of depth of the domatic disease of soil-slope is only limitted in climatic effect band (being about 1.5-2m), etch resistant properties deficiency the disease caused is divided into erosion to peel off according to different from natural conditions and wash away two kinds, and its formation mechenism exists certain difference.
Any position coming across side slope is peeled off in the erosion caused by sloping surfaces, it is generally lamellar, flakey and bed separation, Crack cause includes domatic moisture humidity change (the dry and cracked peeling especially produced shows more prominent) to tailo, toe draws action of compressive stress and air slaking drying shrinkage etc., and the soil that usual silt content is many, soluble salt content is high easily produces erosion peeling.Domatic soil layer easy-weathering peel off Slope Stability unfavorable, particularly paleosol layer thicker and be positioned at during toe more unfavorable；Domatic pull out type fracture is except having certain impact in toe shape dished counter-slope landform to slope stability, if being not added with, to protect rainwater infiltration of leaving, long-term slope stability to be caused tremendous influence；Domatic peeling Rock And Soil blocking gutter, the overall drainage performance of impact.
Slope wash refers to that rainfall and slope table current destroy the domatic top layer soil body and cause coombe, slip the phenomenon such as collapse.When the engineering characteristic of soil-slope is dry, intensity is higher, structural deterioration after immersion, and cohesive strength reduces rapidly, and amplitude of variation is big, and facile hydrolysis peels off.Slope wash can cause substantial amounts of soil erosion, and soil-slope slope wash and soil layer, soil nature, geographic and geomorphic conditions, hydrologic condition etc. have close relationship.When rain time is concentrated or occurs with heavy rain form, soil-slope is very easily by the destruction of rainwater and surface water；When side slope adopts stepped form to build, when drainage sunk well is unreasonable, also easily cause erosion damage；After rainfall, domatic dispersed little runoff is washed into many fine and closely woven ditches, and the gradient is steeper and unvegetated domatic upper rill erosion is grown；When intermittent overland flow concentrates water eroding and flooding, gradually form shallow gully erosion and destroy domatic and platform.
Soil-slope erosion-resisting characteristics is not a simple physically or chemically index, but a comprehensive factor.Therefore, quantitative measurement soil-slope corrosion resistance is not easily accomplished.Existing all kinds of specifications not yet have the test method evaluating soil-slope corrosion resistance, only have the slaking test of soil and the corrosion resistance of the measurement of side slope rain test energy part and reflection soil-slope, the corrosion resistance of soil-slope can not be reflected completely, it is only capable of reflecting these special circumstances under full water (washing away) state, by measuring a certain parameter of domatic soil property as the domatic corrosion resistance index of soil-slope.
The ultimate principle of the slaking test of soil is to measure the change of volume in soil body disintegrating procedue, namely in process of the test, soil sample is put into the web plate central authorities in humidifying instrument, immerse rapidly in water drum, start stopwatch, survey the moment of floating drum neat water surface place scale when note starts and stablize reading, then survey the reading of the note floating drum water surface according still further to different intervals, calculate disintegrate amount and disintegration rate.Owing to the changed measurement application condition of volume is big in process of the test, and need to relying on perusal immediate reading, anthropic factor is relatively more, and result of calculation is very inaccurate, owing to reading time interval is big, can not the Scouring Characteristic of soil-slope be predicted.
Side slope rain test is the one of on-the-spot test, carries out rain making washout test by field engineering test section, obtains different slope erosion destructive processs and antiscour effect thereof.Ordinary test needs to measure 4 contents: (1) measure that rainfall is forward and backward and the change of moisture content of slope soil in process；(2) measure the time forming rainwash；(3) measure the clay content at different periods water sample；(4) observe formation and the Evolution of slope erosion ditch.Rainfall simulator is generally adopted faces upward spray formula simulated rainfall machine.The height of rainfall shower nozzle freely can regulate according to practical situation, reaches 80% to the similar performance of natural rainfall.On-the-spot rain test can complete the case study of washing away to side slope more really, but rainstorm mechanism and rainfall size form have certain difference with natural rainfall, it is impossible to right-on reflection practical problem, and it is loaded down with trivial details costly to test complexity.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is aiming at the difficulty that above-mentioned existing engineering exists, it is provided that the measurement apparatus of soil-slope corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation of a kind of workload effectively utilizing laboratory equlpment to evaluate the domatic corrosion resistance of soil-slope and the light on-the-spot test of minimizing and expense and method.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of soil-slope is the measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation, it is characterised in that: described soil-slope measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation includes outer cylindrical brace frame, interior cylindrical bracing frame, band mesh metal grid, vertically connects support, concave-shaped receptacle and balance；Externally the top of the radial direction outer portion cylindrical support frame of cylindrical support frame is provided with lateral connection support；Described interior cylindrical bracing frame inserts from the top of outer cylindrical brace frame outer cylindrical brace frame and is connected by lateral connection support and outer cylindrical brace frame are fixing；Described vertical connection support is disposed within cylindrical support frame inside axially moving axially along interior cylindrical bracing frame；Described outer cylindrical brace frame covers in the outside of balance；Described concave-shaped receptacle is arranged on balance；Described it be arranged on the vertical bottom connecting support with mesh metal grid and unsettled be placed in concave-shaped receptacle；Side slope surface soil sample to be measured is placed on band mesh metal grid.
As preferably, the center of outer cylindrical brace frame of the present invention, the center of interior cylindrical bracing frame, the center of concave-shaped receptacle and the center of balance are coaxial.
As preferably, concave-shaped receptacle of the present invention and the vertical support that connects are provided with fixing graduation mark.
As preferably, soil-slope of the present invention measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation also include for measure vertical connect support in encroached water time the fixing following partial volume of graduation mark beaker with a scale.
As preferably, soil-slope of the present invention measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation also includes the slidably gear being disposed within cylindrical support frame；Described vertical connection support is disposed within cylindrical support frame inside axially moving axially along interior cylindrical bracing frame by slidably gear.
As preferably, balance of the present invention is separate type weighing device；Described balance includes weighing platform, data connecting line and automatic acquisition and recording instrument；Described concave-shaped receptacle is placed on the weighing platform of balance；Described automatic acquisition and recording instrument is placed in outside outer cylindrical brace frame；Described weighing platform is connected with automatic acquisition and recording instrument by data connecting line.
As preferably, the area with the single mesh in mesh metal grid of the present invention is not less than 1cm2It is, described that with mesh metal grid, to be cross section be that circular metal steel wire weld forms.
As preferably, the range of balance of the present invention is 1-10kg；The precision of described balance is 0.01g；The automatic record time of described automatic acquisition and recording instrument is 12h, and the interval of time that automatically records of described automatic acquisition and recording instrument is 0.5-1min/ time.
A kind of based on foregoing soil-slope in Rainfall simulator erosion situation the measuring method of the measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance, it is characterised in that: described measuring method comprises the following steps:
1) measurement apparatus is built according to foregoing soil-slope measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation；
2) side slope surface soil sample to be measured is gathered；Described side slope surface soil sample to be measured must not pressurized, by squeeze and turned round；Described side slope surface soil sample to be measured is the soil sample cut on big block soil after the block greatly soil of side slope surface collection；The length of side of described side slope surface soil sample to be measured is more than 50mm；Measure side slope surface soil sample to be measured quality m before on-test1, measure the density p of side slope surface soil sample to be measured simultaneouslys；
3) with beaker with a scale measure vertical connect support in encroached water time fixing graduation mark below the vertical volume V connecting supportj；Inject water into the concave-shaped receptacle fixing graduation mark to concave-shaped receptacle, with the quality of balance measurement concave-shaped receptacle and deposit in the quality of water in concave-shaped receptacle and mr；
4) side slope surface soil sample to be measured is placed on band mesh metal grid, regulates slidably gear and make band mesh metal grid move up, the concave-shaped receptacle being filled with water is positioned over below balance upper belt mesh metal grid；
5) adjustable pulley makes band mesh metal grid downward rapidly, when soil sample is completely submerged in water, records initial time, and recording balance is testing ongoing instant quality m in the side slope surface soil sample to be measured of identical intervalt, and the quality m that side slope surface soil sample to be measured is after off-test2；Then soil-slope relational expression of total corrosion resistance i in Rainfall simulator erosion situation is:
i = m 2 - m r m 1
Wherein:
I is that total in Rainfall simulator erosion situation of side slope surface soil sample to be measured corrodes peeling degree；
m1It it is side slope surface soil sample to be measured quality before on-test；
m2It it is side slope surface soil sample to be measured quality after off-test；
T is the difference of the time of each reading and on-test in process of the test.
Soil-slope corrosion resistance i in time in Rainfall simulator erosion situationtRelational expression is:
i t = ( m r + m 1 + ρ w V j - m t ) ρ s m 1 ( ρ s - ρ w )
Wherein:
ρwFor the water density when 4 DEG C, generally take 1g/cm3；
itIt is that degree is peeled off in soil-slope erosion in time in Rainfall simulator erosion situation；
m1It it is side slope surface soil sample to be measured quality before on-test；
M is the quality of concave-shaped receptacle and deposits in the sum of the quality of water in concave-shaped receptacle；
r
VjBe vertically connect support in encroached water time fixing graduation mark below the vertical volume connecting support；
mtBe identical interval side slope surface soil sample to be measured test ongoing instant quality；
ρsIt is the density of side slope surface soil sample to be measured.
Soil-slope total time used by Rainfall simulator erosion situation is T；The function expression of described T is:
T ≤ [ M ] ∂ i t
Wherein:
M is length is L, and the side slope surface soil sample to be measured that width is W allows to wash away containing mud gross mass；
The change function of quality of soil sample and the time being made instantly available in test, i.e. itDerivative to time t.
As preferably, the method applied in the present invention step 5) after also include:
6) to step 5) experimental data that obtains is analyzed processing, the side slope surface soil sample to be measured same ENGINEERING POINT being participated in statistics is not less than 6 pieces, when result of the test extreme difference less than its meansigma methods 10% time, degree i is peeled off in the erosion in time in Rainfall simulator erosion situation of total peeling degree i of erosion in Rainfall simulator erosion situation of side slope surface soil sample to be measured or soil-slopeTTake the meansigma methods of result of the test.
The invention have the advantage that
The invention provides the measurement apparatus of a kind of soil-slope corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation and method, this measurement apparatus includes outer cylindrical brace frame, interior cylindrical bracing frame, band mesh metal grid, vertically connects support, concave-shaped receptacle and balance；Externally the top of the radial direction outer portion cylindrical support frame of cylindrical support frame is provided with lateral connection support；Interior cylindrical bracing frame inserts from the top of outer cylindrical brace frame outer cylindrical brace frame and is connected by lateral connection support and outer cylindrical brace frame are fixing；The vertical support that connects is disposed within cylindrical support frame inside axially moving axially along interior cylindrical bracing frame；Outer cylindrical brace frame covers in the outside of balance；Concave-shaped receptacle is arranged on balance；It is arranged on the vertical bottom connecting support with mesh metal grid and unsettled is placed in concave-shaped receptacle；Side slope surface soil sample to be measured is placed on band mesh metal grid.This device is saturated in water rapidly by test specimen, measures disintegrate and the degree of peeling of the soil body, and this is identical with the slaking test principle of the soil in specification, and the apparatus and method taked are entirely different.Before on-test, test quality of soil sample quality, measure the density of soil soil sample according to related specifications code, measure the vertical volume connecting support of below red graticule with shallow bag meter glass；Balance is positioned over below holder combination；Inject water into concave-shaped receptacle to fixing graduation mark, by balance measurement concave-shaped receptacle and the quality that is wherein filled with water.Soil sample is positioned on band mesh metal grid, regulates slidably gear and make band mesh metal grid move up, the concave-shaped receptacle being filled with water is positioned over below balance upper belt mesh metal grid.This apparatus structure is simple, and clear principle is tested workable, and required accessory is easily processed, with low cost.Measurement apparatus and measuring method described in the present invention have carried out many groups of tests, and its result is obvious, and test period is short, can clearly identify the corrosion resistance of different soil.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of measurement apparatus provided by the present invention；
Wherein:
5-balance；6-weighing platform；7-data connecting line；The automatic acquisition and recording instrument of 8-；10-interior cylindrical bracing frame；11-outer cylindrical brace frame；12-band mesh metal grid；13-lateral connection support；14-vertically connects support；15-is gear slidably；16-concave-shaped receptacle.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, the invention provides a kind of soil-slope measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation, this soil-slope measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation includes outer cylindrical brace frame 11, interior cylindrical bracing frame 10, band mesh metal grid 12, vertical connection support 14, concave-shaped receptacle 16 and balance 5；Externally the top of the radial direction outer portion cylindrical support frame 11 of cylindrical support frame 11 is provided with lateral connection support 13；Interior cylindrical bracing frame 10 inserts from the top of outer cylindrical brace frame 11 outer cylindrical brace frame 11 and is connected by lateral connection support 13 is fixing with outer cylindrical brace frame 11；The vertical support 14 that connects is disposed within cylindrical support frame 10 inside axially moving axially along interior cylindrical bracing frame 10；Outer cylindrical brace frame 11 covers in the outside of balance 5；Concave-shaped receptacle 16 is arranged on balance 5；It is arranged on the vertical bottom connecting support 14 with mesh metal grid 12 and unsettled is placed in concave-shaped receptacle 16；Side slope surface soil sample to be measured is placed on band mesh metal grid.
Method provided by the present invention, test specimen is saturated in water rapidly, measure disintegrate and the degree of peeling of the soil body, this is identical with ' slaking test of the soil ' principle in specification, and the apparatus and method taked are entirely different.Quality of soil sample quality m is tested before on-test1, the density p of soil soil sample is measured according to related specifications codes, measure the vertical volume V connecting support of below red graticule with shallow bag meter glassj；Balance is positioned over below holder combination；Inject water into concave-shaped receptacle to fixing graduation mark, with balance measurement concave-shaped receptacle and the quality m that is wherein filled with waterr.Soil sample is positioned on band mesh metal grid, regulates slidably gear and make band mesh metal grid move up, the concave-shaped receptacle being filled with water is positioned over below balance upper belt mesh metal grid.Now, the support force F that support is subject to1, the balance support force F to concave-shaped receptacle and water2.Then have:
F1=mjg+m1G formula (1)
F2=mrG formula (2)
According to mechanics principle, testing equipment composition system stress is constant, has
F1+F2=c=mjg+m1g2+mrG formula (3)
Wherein mjFor the quality of holder combination, wherein c is constant, and size is constant.
Adjustable pulley makes band mesh metal grid downward rapidly, and when soil sample is completely submerged in water, soil sample is dispersed in water.Record initial time, in the light of actual conditions or test requirements document recording balance at the reading m of identical intervalT, to be tested end reads data m2。
In process of the test, to support support force F1Carry out mechanical analysis then to have
F1+ρwg(Vj+VResidual)=mjg+mResidualG formula (4)
According to formula (3) and formula (4), then have
F2=mrg+ρwg(Vj+VResidual)+mIt is scatteredG formula (5)
Wherein weighing quality on T moment balance is mT=F2/ g, and m1=mIt is scattered+mResidual
Above given data is substituted into formula (5) then have
Soil-slope corrosion resistance i in time in Rainfall simulator erosion situationtAvailable formula (7) calculates
Wherein:
ρwFor the water density when 4 DEG C, generally take 1g/cm3；
itIt is that degree is peeled off in soil-slope erosion in time in Rainfall simulator erosion situation；
m1It it is side slope surface soil sample to be measured quality before on-test；
mrIt is the quality of concave-shaped receptacle and deposits in the sum of the quality of water in concave-shaped receptacle；
VjBe vertically connect support in encroached water time fixing graduation mark below the vertical volume connecting support；
mtBe identical interval side slope surface soil sample to be measured test ongoing instant quality；
ρsIt is the density of side slope surface soil sample to be measured.
mResidualStill with the quality of sample on mesh metal grid during for test.
VResidualStill with the volume of sample on mesh metal grid during for test.
mIt is scatteredThe quality of the sample of concave-shaped receptacle is entered during for test.
T is the difference of the time of each reading and on-test in process of the test.
The function expression that soil-slope total time used by Rainfall simulator erosion situation is T, T is:
Soil-slope total time T in Rainfall simulator erosion situation reflects the anti-erosion overall performance of soil, and the time, more short anti-erosion overall performance was more strong.Generally speaking the quality m of final soil block2It is 0.
Wherein:
M is length is L, and the side slope surface soil sample to be measured that width is W allows to wash away containing mud gross mass；
The change function of quality of soil sample and the time being made instantly available in test, i.e. itDerivative to time T.
It is analyzed experimental data obtained above processing, the side slope surface soil sample to be measured same ENGINEERING POINT being participated in statistics is not less than 6 pieces, when result of the test extreme difference less than its meansigma methods 10% time, degree i is peeled off in the erosion in time in Rainfall simulator erosion situation of total peeling degree i of erosion in Rainfall simulator erosion situation of side slope surface soil sample to be measured or soil-slopeTTake the meansigma methods of result of the test.
A kind of test method measuring soil-slope corrosion resistance of the present invention, embodiment comprises the following steps, and below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is explained in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
Instrument and equipment
Holder combination: be made up of interior cylindrical bracing frame, outer cylindrical brace, lateral connection support, vertical connection support and balladeur train, wherein the height of interior cylindrical bracing frame is more than outer cylindrical brace frame, and interior cylindrical bracing frame is made up of 4 vertical connection supports and two annulars.Outer cylindrical brace frame is rigidly connected by lateral connection support and balladeur train, and lateral connection support, the vertical support that connects are connected by slidably gear, and the vertical support that connects can be freely up and down movable, with fixing graduation mark on it.
Band mesh metal grid: screening area is generally 1cm2(can be bigger, do not allow too small), grid be that metal steel wire weld forms, smooth surface, and cross sectional shape is circular (not being preferably rectangle)；
Balance: separate type weighing device, is made up of weighing platform 6, data connecting line 7, automatic acquisition and recording instrument 8, range 1 10kg, and precision is 0.1g, and the automatic record time is 12h, and record interval is 0.5-1min/ time every time.
Concave-shaped receptacle: container depth need to much larger than soil sample height more than 3 times, and container area more than interior cylindrical bracing frame floor space more than three times, it need to have fixing scale, injects water all to this scale every time.
Beaker: common beaker with a scale, for measuring the vertical displacement of volume connecting below support graduation mark.
Assembling mode
Balance is positioned on platform, and it places dress water concave-shaped receptacle, and exterior support frame is on platform, and internal stent is unsettled above concave-shaped receptacle, and the center of balance, concave-shaped receptacle and holder combination need to keep substantially on the same axis.
Test procedure
1, gather soil body soil sample, in sampling process soil sample must not pressurized, by squeeze and turned round, avoid flutter failure soil structures in transportation.Soil body soil sample cuts soil, generally should take more than 6 pieces, the length of side square more than 50mm.Measure soil quality of soil sample m1, respectively 285.0g, 304.0g, 324.0g, 298.0g, 316.0g and 346.0g.The density p of soil soil sample is measured according to related specifications codesFor 1.64g/cm3。
2, will be connected shown in Fig. 1 by exterior support frame, interior shelf, band mesh metal grid, lateral connection support, vertical connection support and balladeur train.Vertical connection props up easel painting one graduation mark, it is desirable to position adjustments is to this scale every time, utilizes beaker with a scale to measure the displacement of volume V of now bracing framej=6.4cm3。
3, inject water into graduation mark fixing on it in concave-shaped receptacle, with balance measurement concave-shaped receptacle and the quality m that is wherein filled with waterr=4256g；
4, require to assemble instrument according to assembling mode.Soil sample is positioned on band mesh metal grid, adjustable pulley makes band mesh metal grid downward rapidly, when soil sample is completely submerged in water, record initial time, in the light of actual conditions or test requirements document recording balance at the reading m of identical interval (being generally 30s or 60s)t, to be tested end reads data m2.Owing to data volume is excessive, this test intertrial interval represents with 2min, result any time mtSuch as following table.
Soil-slope corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation can be calculated as follows with formula 7.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendment, equivalent replacement and improvement etc. made within the spirit and principles in the present invention, should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. soil-slope measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation, it is characterised in that: described soil-slope measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation includes outer cylindrical brace frame (11), interior cylindrical bracing frame (10), band mesh metal grid (12), vertically connects support (14), concave-shaped receptacle (16) and balance (5)；Externally the top in radial direction outer portion cylindrical support frame (11) of cylindrical support frame (11) is provided with lateral connection support (13)；Described interior cylindrical bracing frame (10) is inserted from the top of outer cylindrical brace frame (11) outer cylindrical brace frame (11) and is connected by lateral connection support (13) and outer cylindrical brace frame (11) are fixing；Described vertical connection support (14) is disposed within cylindrical support frame (10) inside axially moving axially along interior cylindrical bracing frame (10)；Described outer cylindrical brace frame (11) covers in the outside of balance (5)；Described concave-shaped receptacle (16) is arranged on balance (5)；Described it be arranged on, with mesh metal grid (12), the bottom vertically connecting support (14) and unsettled be placed in concave-shaped receptacle (16)；Side slope surface soil sample to be measured is placed on band mesh metal grid (12).
2. soil-slope according to claim 1 measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation, it is characterised in that: the center of described outer cylindrical brace frame (11), the center of interior cylindrical bracing frame (10), the center of concave-shaped receptacle (16) and the center of balance (5) they are coaxial.
3. soil-slope according to claim 2 measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation, it is characterised in that: described concave-shaped receptacle (16) and vertically connect support (14) and be provided with fixing graduation mark.
4. soil-slope according to claim 3 measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation, it is characterised in that: described soil-slope measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation also include for measure vertically connect support (14) in encroached water time the fixing following partial volume of graduation mark beaker with a scale.
5. according to the arbitrary described soil-slope measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that: described soil-slope measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation also includes the slidably gear (15) being disposed within cylindrical support frame (10)；Described vertical connection support (14) is disposed within cylindrical support frame (10) inside axially moving axially along interior cylindrical bracing frame (10) by slidably gear (15).
6. soil-slope according to claim 5 measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation, it is characterised in that: described balance (5) is separate type weighing device；Described balance (5) includes weighing platform (6), data connecting line (7) and automatic acquisition and recording instrument (8)；Described concave-shaped receptacle (16) is placed on the weighing platform (6) of balance (5)；It is outside that described automatic acquisition and recording instrument (8) is placed in outer cylindrical brace frame (11)；Described weighing platform (6) is connected with automatic acquisition and recording instrument (8) by data connecting line (7).
7. soil-slope according to claim 6 measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation, it is characterised in that: the described area with the single mesh in mesh metal grid (12) is not less than 1cm2It is, described that with mesh metal grid (12), to be cross section be that circular metal steel wire weld forms.
8. soil-slope according to claim 7 measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation, it is characterised in that: the range of described balance (5) is 1-10kg；The precision of described balance (5) is 0.01g；The automatic record time of described automatic acquisition and recording instrument (8) is 12h；Automatically the interval of time that records of described automatic acquisition and recording instrument (8) is 0.5-1min/ time.
9. one kind based on the measuring method of the measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation of the soil-slope described in claim 8, it is characterised in that: described measuring method comprises the following steps:
1) measurement apparatus is built according to soil-slope as claimed in claim 8 measurement apparatus of corrosion resistance in Rainfall simulator erosion situation；
2) side slope surface soil sample to be measured is gathered；Described side slope surface soil sample to be measured must not pressurized, by squeeze and turned round；Described side slope surface soil sample to be measured is the soil sample cut on big block soil after the block greatly soil of side slope surface collection；The length of side of described side slope surface soil sample to be measured is more than 50mm；Measure side slope surface soil sample to be measured quality m before on-test1, measure the density p of side slope surface soil sample to be measured simultaneouslys；
3) measure with beaker with a scale vertically connect support (14) in encroached water time fixing graduation mark below the volume V vertically connecting support (14)j；Inject water into the concave-shaped receptacle (16) the fixing graduation mark to concave-shaped receptacle, with balance (5) measure the quality of concave-shaped receptacle and deposit in the quality of water in concave-shaped receptacle and mr；
4) side slope surface soil sample to be measured is placed on band mesh metal grid, regulates slidably gear and make band mesh metal grid move up, the concave-shaped receptacle being filled with water is positioned over below balance upper belt mesh metal grid；
5) adjustable pulley makes band mesh metal grid downward rapidly, when soil sample is completely submerged in water, records initial time, and recording balance is testing ongoing instant quality m in the side slope surface soil sample to be measured of identical intervalt, and the quality m that side slope surface soil sample to be measured is after off-test2；Then soil-slope relational expression of total corrosion resistance i in Rainfall simulator erosion situation is:
i = m 2 - m r m 1
Wherein:
I is that total in Rainfall simulator erosion situation of side slope surface soil sample to be measured corrodes peeling degree；
m1It it is side slope surface soil sample to be measured quality before on-test；
m2It it is side slope surface soil sample to be measured quality after off-test；
T is the difference of the time of each reading and on-test in process of the test；
Soil-slope corrosion resistance i in time in Rainfall simulator erosion situationtRelational expression is:
i t = ( m r + m 1 + ρ w V j - m t ) ρ s m 1 ( ρ s - ρ w )
Wherein:
ρwFor the water density when 4 DEG C, generally take 1g/cm3；
itIt is that degree is peeled off in soil-slope erosion in time in Rainfall simulator erosion situation；
m1It it is side slope surface soil sample to be measured quality before on-test；
mrIt is the quality of concave-shaped receptacle and deposits in the sum of the quality of water in concave-shaped receptacle；
VjBe vertically connect support in encroached water time fixing graduation mark below the vertical volume connecting support；
mtBe identical interval side slope surface soil sample to be measured test ongoing instant quality；
ρsIt is the density of side slope surface soil sample to be measured；
Soil-slope total time used by Rainfall simulator erosion situation is T；The function expression of described T is:
T ≤ [ M ] ∂ i t
Wherein:
M is length is L, and the side slope surface soil sample to be measured that width is W allows to wash away containing mud gross mass；
The change function of quality of soil sample and the time being made instantly available in test, i.e. itDerivative to time t.
10. measuring method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: described step 5) also include afterwards:
6) to step 5) experimental data that obtains is analyzed processing, the side slope surface soil sample to be measured same ENGINEERING POINT being participated in statistics is not less than 6 pieces, when result of the test extreme difference less than its meansigma methods 10% time, degree i is peeled off in the erosion in time in Rainfall simulator erosion situation of total peeling degree i of erosion in Rainfall simulator erosion situation of side slope surface soil sample to be measured or soil-slopetTake the meansigma methods of result of the test.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201130131Y (en) * 2007-12-24 2008-10-08 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 Soil disintegration determinator
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CN103728435A (en) * 2014-01-15 2014-04-16 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 Slope simulation test device and test method under coupling effects of rainfall and underground water
CN205593898U (en) * 2016-05-01 2016-09-21 山西省交通科学研究院 Measurement device for soil property side slope is anti aggressivity under rainfall condition of erodeing

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201130131Y (en) * 2007-12-24 2008-10-08 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 Soil disintegration determinator
CN101614643A (en) * 2009-07-21 2009-12-30 长江水利委员会长江科学院 Rock-soil wetting test device
CN103728435A (en) * 2014-01-15 2014-04-16 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 Slope simulation test device and test method under coupling effects of rainfall and underground water
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