CN105806572B - A kind of single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid measuring method - Google Patents
A kind of single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105806572B CN105806572B CN201610142777.0A CN201610142777A CN105806572B CN 105806572 B CN105806572 B CN 105806572B CN 201610142777 A CN201610142777 A CN 201610142777A CN 105806572 B CN105806572 B CN 105806572B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0041—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress
- G01M5/005—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress by means of external apparatus, e.g. test benches or portable test systems
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid measuring methods, this method assembles node and rod piece to be determined according to default connection angle, the end of rod piece is fixed on the securing means, it is pressed above node by loading device, rod piece stress condition is measured by stress determining instrument, calculates the moment of flexure at egress；Several position vertical displacement values of rod piece are measured by displacement acquisition device, extrapolate the corner of node point connection；Nodal moment and corner that step every in loading procedure obtains are depicted as moment-rotation relation, to reflect the semi-rigid feature of the node with the curve.During the design that the Semi-rigid feature that moment-rotation relation is reflected can be directly used for structures with semi-rigid joints single-layer latticed shell calculates, it can reflect influence of the Semi-rigid to single-layer latticed shell overall stability truly and effectively, supplement the deficiency for improving the contents of the section in specification at present.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid measuring methods, true more specifically to a kind of energy
Real reflection single-layer lattice shell joints feature, moment-rotation relationship of the Accurate Determining node under load action, and reflected with this
The method of Semi-rigid feature.
Background technique
Semi-rigid refers to that the characteristic of corner displacement occurs under resist torque effect for node, and joint behavior is situated between
Between just connecing completely and is ideal hinged, often through the relation curve of Moment Rotation at load action lower node (such as Fig. 4 institute
Show) reflect its semi-rigid feature.
It is many studies have shown that the semi-rigid of node can produce a very large impact structure holistic resistant behavior.In steel frame knot
In structure, end plate Semi-rigid all can to the static(al) bearing capacity, anti-seismic performance and progressive collapse-resisting ability of steel-frame structure
It produces bigger effect；In support construction, fastener type node it is semi-rigid also can the monolithic stability bearing capacity to high support construction have
Larger impact.
The targeted single-layer latticed shell of the present invention, application mainly has welding ball-joint with the joint form in engineering at present
Point, bolted spherical node, bowl formula node and hub node etc..Wherein, welded spherical node rotational stiffness is larger, and specification regulation is designing
Consider in calculating process by rigid joint；And other several joint forms belong to structures with semi-rigid joints due to itself construction
Scope, and not to its semi-rigid feature and the specific whole structural stability calculation method for considering Semi-rigid in standardizing
It is described in detail.Therefore, a set of overall stability computational theory for structures with semi-rigid joints single-layer latticed shell is to advise at present
Model urgently supplements perfect, and rationally effective Semi-rigid measuring method is then the weight that the computational theory is capable of Developing Extension
Want basis.The purpose of the present invention is to the structures with semi-rigid joints of single-layer latticed shell to propose a set of accurately and effectively node semi-rigid
Property measuring method, so that the popularization and application for being many structures with semi-rigid joints in single-layer latticed shell realize that calculating standardization provides guarantor
Barrier.
It is directed to the measuring method of single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid at present, often there are following several point defects:
1) existing single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid measuring method is often tested according to two bar simple bending stress conditions,
And be to be connected in the more situations of the node of single-layer lattice shell with 3 to 6 rod pieces in Practical Project, joints feature and two bars are pure
There are larger difference, i.e. two bar pure bending tests not can accurately reflect at full-scale condition lower node by the mutual shadow of plurality of rods part for curved test
Stress condition caused by ringing；Meanwhile pure bending test ignores rigidity of rotation of joints and is influenced by axle power, and the axle power is with section
Point stress, which is gradually increased, has apparent reinforcing effect, i.e., the node that two traditional bar pure bending tests obtain to the rotational stiffness of node
Rotational stiffness result can have notable difference with legitimate reading；
2) even if existing Semi-rigid measuring method considers the influence of axle power, but the application of its moment of flexure and axle power is often
Using loading device independent, on the one hand increase the complexity of test, random error increases with it, on the other hand this to add
Load mode is it is difficult to ensure that moment of flexure and axle power are applied at node according to the form coupled completely, with single-layer latticed shell node reality
Border stress condition is not very consistent, and there is also the problems of inaccuracy for obtained result；
3) for existing Semi-rigid measuring method in data processing stage, some use simply supported beam it is assumed that simply will
At node corner treatment at node amount of deflection than rod length as a result, but this method clearly not apply to introduce rod piece axle power examination
Test condition；Some then use rod piece distal end just connect it is assumed that but due to experimental rig rod piece distal end bearing be not achieved completely just
Requirement is connect, assumes not being inconsistent with test, causes test result inaccurate.
In short, existing test method has that test actual conditions is not inconsistent with hypothesis condition in data processing.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of that existing Semi-rigid measuring method can not accurately consider node Foundation and data
Many defects such as processing method inaccuracy, the present invention provide a kind of new measuring method, which can effectively and accurately examine
Consider the coupling of moment of flexure and axle power at single-layer latticed shell interior joint, and use reasonable collecting method, thus smart
Really semi-rigid feature of the measurement egress under true stress condition.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid measurement
Node and rod piece to be determined are assembled according to default connection angle, the end of rod piece are fixed on by method, this method
Determine on device, pressed above node by loading device, rod piece stress condition is measured by stress determining instrument, extrapolates section
Moment of flexure at point；Several position vertical displacement values of rod piece are measured by displacement acquisition device, are calculated by Hermite difference equation
The corner of egress junction；Nodal moment and corner that step every in loading procedure obtains are depicted as moment-rotation relation, from
And reflect the semi-rigid feature of the node with the moment-rotation relation.
Further, the fixation device is by steel column, attachment beam, steel column connecting plate, beam connecting plate, connector and ring beam
Composition；Upper layer and lower layer steel column connecting plate is fixed in the steel column upper end, sets up attachment beam and ring between upper layer and lower layer steel column connecting plate
Beam, all attachment beams are fixedly connected by upper layer and lower layer beam connecting plate；Fixedly connected part above the steel column connecting plate of upper layer；The bar
The end of part is equipped with end plate, and the end plate is fixedly connected with the side panel of connector；The rigidity of fixed device is much larger than test structure
Part, to provide a metastable fixing end for semi-rigid measurement, while fixed device is adapted to single-layer latticed shell
The type of attachment of middle single node and the various complex angles of more rod pieces, therefore there is wide applicability, be conducive to repeat to make for a long time
With.
Further, the loading device includes reaction frame, reaction beam, loading apparatus and pressure sensor；The counter-force
The both ends of beam are erected on reaction frame, and one end of loading apparatus resists reaction beam, and the other end is connected to be measured by pressure sensor
Determine node；The pressure that loading apparatus implements node is controlled according to the registration of pressure sensor.
Further, at least two groups stress determining instrument is arranged on the rod piece, on one section of every group of measurement rod piece
Moment of flexure.
Further, at least three groups of displacement acquisition devices are arranged on the rod piece, on one section of every group of measurement rod piece
Vertical displacement value.
Further, the formula of the corner for extrapolating node point connection by Hermite difference equation is as follows:
In formula,L is rod length, and x ' is distance of the rod piece each position at node, and y is perpendicular for rod piece each position
To shift value, x is vertical displacement value at node, and α and β are respectively rod piece both ends corner displacement.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) construction of fixation device employed in continuous mode of the present invention is flexible and convenient, is adapted in single-layer latticed shell
The type of attachment of single node and the various complex angles of more rod pieces, therefore there is wide applicability, be conducive to reuse for a long time.
2) loading method employed in continuous mode of the present invention can really reflect at Practical Project interior joint simultaneously by curved
The double influence of square and axle power, moment of flexure couples application with axle power completely in loading procedure, simple and easy, so that measurement be made to obtain
Semi-rigid result is more genuine and believable.
3) data are carried out using the displacement acquisition device of reasonable Arrangement and stress determining instrument in continuous mode of the present invention to adopt
Collection, while comprehensively considering experimental condition and handling test data with reasonable mathematical method, to rationally and effectively reduce test
Model simplification calculates bring error.
4) the Semi-rigid feature that the nodal moment that the measuring method obtains-angle relation curve is reflected can be used directly
In the overall stability of structures with semi-rigid joints single-layer latticed shell calculates, Semi-rigid can be reflected truly and effectively to single layer
The influence of latticed shell structure overall stability supplements the deficiency for improving the contents of the section in specification at present, and then is single-layer lattice shell knot
The design of the existing joint form of structure calculates standardization and the popularization and use of novel joint form provide important basic condition.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid measurement test schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid measurement fixing device schematic diagram (by taking 6 bars as an example)；
Fig. 3 is single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid measurement result analysis method schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram for reflecting Semi-rigid feature by nodal moment-rotation curve；
In figure: 1. reaction frames, 2. reaction beams, 3. steel columns, 4. attachment beams, 5. steel column connecting plates, 6. loading apparatus, 7. displacements
Acquisition device, 8. pressure sensors, 9. connectors, 10. nodes to be determined, 11. rod pieces, 12. ring beams, 13. beam connecting plates.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid measuring method provided by the invention, this method will be to be measured
Determine node 10 and is assembled with rod piece 11 according to default connection angle；The end of rod piece 11 is fixed on the securing means；Pass through
Loading device presses above node 10 to be determined；11 stress condition of rod piece is measured by stress determining instrument, calculates egress
The moment of flexure at place；Several position vertical displacement values of rod piece 11 are measured by displacement acquisition device 7, are pushed away by Hermite difference equation
Calculate the corner of node point connection；Nodal moment and corner that step every in loading procedure obtains are depicted as moment-rotation relation,
To reflect the semi-rigid feature of the node with the moment-rotation relation.
At least two groups stress determining instrument, the moment of flexure on one section of every group of measurement rod piece are arranged on the rod piece 11；Institute
It states and arranges at least three groups of displacement acquisition devices 7 on rod piece 11, the vertical displacement value on one section of every group of measurement rod piece.
As shown in Fig. 2, the fixation device is by steel column 3, attachment beam 4, steel column connecting plate 5, beam connecting plate 13, connector
9 and ring beam 12 form；The fixed upper layer and lower layer steel column connecting plate 5 in 3 upper end of steel column, a structure of an essay for upper layer and lower layer steel column connecting plate 5
If attachment beam 4 and ring beam 12, all attachment beams 4 are fixedly connected by upper layer and lower layer beam connecting plate 13；On upper layer steel column connecting plate 5
Square fixedly connected part 9；The end of the rod piece 11 is equipped with end plate, and the end plate is fixedly connected with the side panel of connector 9；It is fixed
The rigidity of device is much larger than test component, to provide a metastable fixing end, while fixed dress for semi-rigid measurement
The type of attachment for being adapted to single node and the various complex angles of more rod pieces in single-layer latticed shell is set, therefore is had extensive suitable
With property, be conducive to reuse for a long time.When the quantity of steel column 3 is even number, the both ends that an attachment beam 4 can be used are erected at two
On a steel column 3, in the connecting plate of fixed beam up and down 13 of the attachment beam 4, other attachment beams 4 are set up.
As shown in Figure 1, the loading device includes reaction frame 1, reaction beam 2, loading apparatus 6 and pressure sensor 8；It is described
The both ends of reaction beam 2 are erected on reaction frame 1, and one end of loading apparatus 6 resists reaction beam 2, and the other end passes through pressure sensor 8
Connect node to be determined；The pressure that loading apparatus 6 implements node is controlled according to the registration of pressure sensor 8.
In continuous mode, as shown in Figure 1, 2, first by steel column 3, attachment beam 4, steel column connecting plate 5, beam connecting plate 13,
Connector 9 and ring beam 12 are assembled into the fixed device of component by high-strength bolt and are placed in 2 lower section of reaction beam；It secondly will be to be measured
Determine node 10 to assemble with rod piece 11 according to test predetermined condition with certain arch camber angle and pass through 11 other end of rod piece
High-strength bolt is fixed on connector 9；Then according to test specific requirement in 11 lower disposed displacement acquisition device of rod piece, 7 (figure
In by taking dial gauge as an example), and on 11 specific position of rod piece arrange certain amount stress determining instrument；Finally by loading apparatus 6
(in figure by taking jack as an example) arrangement is in place, passes through the measurement of pressure sensor 8 and Control experiment loading capacity, multistage loadings.
Measurement result analyzes the stress determining instrument S as shown in figure 3, by being arranged on rod piece 111、S2(to answer in figure
For stress-strain measuring point) measurement 11 stress condition of rod piece, rod piece 11 is obtained in the axle power N of two positions1、N2And moment M1、
M2；By the displacement acquisition device B for being arranged in 11 lower part of rod piece1、B2、B3Determine each position vertical displacement value y of rod piece1、y2
And y3.Utilize N1、N2And moment M1、M2, axle power N and moment M at egress is calculated by following formula:
N=N1=N2
In formula, x1、x2For stress determining instrument (in figure by taking ess-strain measuring point as an example) and node spacing.
Obtained 11 each position vertical displacement value y of rod piece is utilized simultaneously1、y2、y3Hermite difference equation, solution are substituted into respectively
Corner displacement value α at node can be obtained in ternary linear function:
In formula,L is rod length, and x ' is distance of the rod piece each position at node, and y is perpendicular for rod piece each position
To shift value, x is vertical displacement value at node, and α is corner displacement at node, and β is the corner displacement of rod piece remote fixed location.
Nodal moment M and node rotation shift value α that step every in loading procedure is handled are depicted as Moment Rotation song
Line is as shown in figure 4, to reflect the semi-rigid feature of the node with the moment-rotation relationship curve, every bit on curve in Fig. 4
Tangent slope k represent rotational stiffness value of the measured node under the corner displacement.It is calculated in single-layer lattice shell overall stability
In the process, node representated by every bit tangent slope turns in the nodal moment-rotation curve obtained using present invention measurement
Dynamic stiffness value k, the structural stiffness matrix of each load step in corrected Calculation consider node in single-layer lattice shell calculating to realize
Semirigid purpose calculates the overall stability of structures with semi-rigid joints single-layer lattice shell and more standardizes, rationalizes.
It is proposed of the invention realizes in the measurement test of single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid, while it is curved to couple application
Square and two kinds of loads of axle power, and moment of flexure and corner displacement at accurate acquisition node, to really reflect the semi-rigid spy of node
Sign.It is used directly in the calculating analysis of single-layer latticed shell with nodal moment-rotation curve that this method measures,
It can reflect influence of the Semi-rigid to single-layer latticed shell overall stability truly and effectively, supplement and improve in specification at present
The deficiency of the contents of the section, and then standardization and novel joint shape are calculated for the design of the existing joint form of single-layer latticed shell
The popularization and use of formula provide important basic condition.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid measuring method, which is characterized in that this method is by node to be determined and more
Rod piece is assembled according to various default arch camber angles, and the end of each rod piece is fixed on the securing means, passes through loading device
It is coupled simultaneously to node and applies moment of flexure and axle power, rod piece stress condition is measured by stress determining instrument, is calculated at egress
Moment of flexure；Several position vertical displacement values of rod piece are measured by displacement acquisition device, egress is calculated by Hermite interpolation equation
The corner of junction；Nodal moment and corner that step every in loading procedure obtains are depicted as moment-rotation relation, thus with this
Moment-rotation relation reflects the semi-rigid feature of the node.
2. single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid measuring method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fixation
Device is made of steel column, attachment beam, steel column connecting plate, beam connecting plate, connector and ring beam；Two above and below the steel column upper end is fixed
Layer steel column connecting plate, attachment beam and ring beam are set up between upper layer and lower layer steel column connecting plate, and all attachment beams pass through upper layer and lower layer beam
Connecting plate is fixedly connected；Fixedly connected part above the steel column connecting plate of upper layer；The end of the rod piece be equipped with end plate, the end plate with
The side panel of connector is fixedly connected.
3. single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid measuring method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the load dress
It sets including reaction frame, reaction beam, loading apparatus and pressure sensor；The both ends of the reaction beam are erected on reaction frame, load
One end of instrument resists reaction beam, and the other end connects node to be determined by pressure sensor；According to the registration of pressure sensor
The pressure that control loading apparatus implements node.
4. single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid measuring method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that on the rod piece
Arrange at least two groups stress determining instrument, the moment of flexure on one section of every group of measurement rod piece.
5. single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid measuring method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that on the rod piece
Arrange at least three groups of displacement acquisition devices, the vertical displacement value on one section of every group of measurement rod piece.
6. single-layer latticed shell Semi-rigid measuring method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to pass through
The formula that Hermite interpolation equation extrapolates the corner of node point connection is as follows:
Y=(ζ -2 ζ2+ζ3)lα+(-ζ2+ζ3)lβ+(2ζ3-3ζ2+1)x
In formula,L is rod length, and x ' is distance of the rod piece each position at node, and y is the vertical position of rod piece each position
Shifting value, x are vertical displacement value at node, and α and β are respectively rod piece both ends corner displacement.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106370367A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 芜湖新泉汽车饰件系统有限公司 | Automobile door panel bending strength test device |
| CN107871049B (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2021-02-19 | 深圳大学建筑设计研究院有限公司 | Calculation method for Euler angle of curved surface single-layer reticulated shell beam unit |
| CN112507470A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2021-03-16 | 深圳市建筑设计研究总院有限公司 | Method for loading and calculating pre-internal force of axial center stress component |
| CN115422619B (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-02-10 | 天津城建大学 | Simulation measuring and calculating method for semi-rigidity value of scaffold node |
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