CN105806164A - Thermal energy rock cleavage crushing method - Google Patents
Thermal energy rock cleavage crushing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105806164A CN105806164A CN201610217368.2A CN201610217368A CN105806164A CN 105806164 A CN105806164 A CN 105806164A CN 201610217368 A CN201610217368 A CN 201610217368A CN 105806164 A CN105806164 A CN 105806164A
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- Prior art keywords
- broken hole
- broken
- hole
- rock
- aperture
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal energy rock cleavage crushing method. The crushing method specifically comprises the following steps: 1) a free surface is arranged on a rock; and then, crushing holes are drilled in the free surface of the rock; 2) hot gas generating agents and clay are filled in the crushing holes from the bottoms of the holes in sequence; and openings of the crushing holes are locked by expansion bolts for blockage; and 3) an ignition device is electrified to ingite the hot gas generating agents; the hot gas generating agents are heated to decompose to generate high-temperature gas; and the high-temperature gas expands in the closed crushing holes to crush the rock. The crushing method has the advantages of: (1) no vibration harm, no generation of flying stones and no environmental influence by noise; (2) simple construction process, convenience for operation and high operation safety; and (3) high environmental adaptability and great improvement of the operation efficiency compared with a crushing method using an expanding agent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to catalase field, be specifically related to heat energy rock cleavage crush method.
Background technology
Existing cities and towns capital construction amount is huge, work progress needs rock is carried out bursting work, owing to part blow-up point distance building is nearer, with conventional blasting method not only complicated construction technique, it is difficult to carry out, is not easy to operation, also can produce violent vibrations and with slungshot, operational security is low, and can produce noise effect environment.And prior art occurs in that the method adopting extender and fractured rock, but the method operating rate is low, and environmental suitability is poor.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve deficiency of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of efficiently, safety, noiselessness affect the heat energy rock cleavage crush method of environment.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
Heat energy rock cleavage crush method, described crush method specifically includes following steps:
1) on rock, arrange the scope of freedom, on the scope of freedom of rock, then bore broken hole；
2) in broken hole, bottom hole, steam propellant and clay are loaded successively, and the aperture place expansion bolt locking in broken hole is to block aperture, described steam propellant is the mixture that can produce hot gas after being heated, wherein it is embedded with igniter inside steam propellant, and the conductor wire of igniter draws broken hole from expansion bolt；
3) energising igniter and light steam propellant, steam propellant light after being heated decompose produce high-temperature gas, high-temperature gas expands in airtight broken hole and makes catalase.
Described steam propellant is the mixture of thermite and bicarbonate.
The mole ratio of described thermite and bicarbonate is 1:1-2.
The aperture in described broken hole is 38-150mm, 16-36 times that the degree of depth is aperture of broken hole.
More than described broken Kong Weiyi row or two rows, often the broken hole of row is two or more；Broken hole be two rows above time, 5-15 times that trestle column is aperture of the adjacent two broken holes of row.
Often in the broken hole of row 5-10 times that pitch of holes is aperture of adjacent two broken holes.
The filling of described steam propellant is highly for 0.4-0.5 times of broken hole depth, and it is 50-350mm that expansion bolt stretches into the degree of depth in broken hole, tamps with clay between steam propellant and expansion bolt.
The moment of described expansion bolt locking is (10～15kN) × 0.5 × d × 10-3, d is the aperture crushing hole, and d=38-150mm.
Described clay is dauk.
The present invention uses electric energy to light the mixture of thermite and bicarbonate, the material of the easy decomposes such as bicarbonate is made to decompose the high-temperature gas that generation is quantitative gradually owing to thermite burning produces substantial amounts of heat, high-temperature gas expands in closed pore and produces huge pressure, when in petrosal foramen pressure to when being enough to overcome rock internal stress to make rock rupture, rock initially forms crack, increase with hole when internal volume, bicarbonates etc. are decomposed substance accelerated decomposition easily, hyperbar in hole is made to keep about 2-3 time second, so that being broken, rock fully cleaves broken, it is achieved engineering objective.In a word, the crush method of the present invention have the advantage that 1, shockproof harm, produce without slungshot, noiselessness affects environment；2, construction technology is simple, it is simple to operation, and operational security is high；3, environment-adapting ability is strong, and the method that operating rate adopts extender broken relatively is greatly improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further details:
Fig. 1 is the layout drawing in broken hole on rock；
The sectional view in the broken hole of Fig. 2.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1 or 2, heat energy rock cleavage crush method of the present invention, this crush method specifically includes following steps:
1) arranging the scope of freedom on rock, then bore broken hole 1 on the scope of freedom of rock, wherein the height on the rock scope of freedom is more than or equal to the degree of depth in broken hole 1；The aperture in broken hole 1 is d, d=38-150mm, 16-36 times that the degree of depth is aperture d of broken hole 1.
Broken hole 1 is more than a row or two rows, and often the broken hole 1 of row is two or more；Broken hole 1 be two rows above time, 5-15 times that trestle column is aperture d of the adjacent two broken holes 1 of row.Often in the broken hole 1 of row 5-10 times that pitch of holes is aperture d of adjacent two broken holes 1.
2) in broken hole 1, bottom hole, load bottom hole steam propellant 2 and clay 3 successively successively, and the aperture place expansion bolt 4 in broken hole 1 locks to block aperture, steam propellant 2 is the mixture that can produce hot gas after being heated, clay 3 is dauk, the wherein internal igniter (not shown) that is embedded with of steam propellant 2, and the conductor wire of igniter draws broken hole from expansion bolt 4.Steam propellant 2 filling is highly for 0.4-0.5 times of broken hole 1 degree of depth, and it is 50-350mm that expansion bolt 4 stretches into the degree of depth in broken hole, tamps with dauk between steam propellant 2 and expansion bolt 4.Additionally, the moment of expansion bolt 4 locking is (10～15kN) × 0.5 × d × 10-3。
3) energising igniter and light steam propellant 2, steam propellant 2 light after being heated decompose produce high-temperature gas, high-temperature gas expands in airtight broken hole 1 and makes catalase.
Steam propellant 2 is the mixture of thermite and bicarbonate, and the mole ratio of thermite and bicarbonate is 1:1-2.Bicarbonate is the easy decomposed substances that are heated such as sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, calcium bicarbonate.
The present invention uses electric energy to light the mixture of thermite and bicarbonate, the material of the easy decomposes such as bicarbonate is made to decompose the high-temperature gas that generation is quantitative gradually owing to thermite burning produces substantial amounts of heat, high-temperature gas expands in closed pore and produces huge pressure, when in petrosal foramen pressure to when being enough to overcome rock internal stress to make rock rupture, rock initially forms crack, increase with hole when internal volume, bicarbonates etc. are decomposed substance accelerated decomposition easily, hyperbar in hole is made to keep about 2-3 time second, so that being broken, rock fully cleaves broken, it is achieved engineering objective.
Embodiment 1:
1) on rock, the scope of freedom is arranged, then on the scope of freedom of rock, bore broken hole, wherein the height on the rock scope of freedom is more than or equal to the degree of depth in broken hole, broken Kong Weiyi row, often the broken hole of row is two or more, and the aperture in broken hole is d, d=38mm, the degree of depth in broken hole is 16d(608mm), the pitch of holes in adjacent two broken holes is 5d(190mm)；
2) in broken hole, bottom hole, load steam propellant and dauk successively, and the aperture place expansion bolt in broken hole is locked to block aperture.The filling of steam propellant is highly for crushing 0.4 times (243.2mm) of hole depth, and it is 50mm that expansion bolt stretches into the degree of depth in broken hole, tamps with dauk between steam propellant and expansion bolt.Additionally, the moment of expansion bolt locking is 0.19kN m.
3) energising igniter and light steam propellant, steam propellant be heated after decompose produce high-temperature gas, high-temperature gas expands in airtight broken hole and makes catalase.
Steam propellant is the mixture of thermite and bicarbonate, and the mole ratio of thermite and bicarbonate is 1:2, and bicarbonate is sodium bicarbonate.
Embodiment 2:
1) on rock, the scope of freedom is arranged, then on the scope of freedom of rock, bore broken hole, wherein the height on the rock scope of freedom is more than or equal to the degree of depth in broken hole, broken Kong Weiyi row, often the broken hole of row is two or more, and the aperture in broken hole is d, d=150mm, the degree of depth in broken hole is 36d(5400mm), the pitch of holes in adjacent two broken holes is 10d(1500mm)；
2) in broken hole, bottom hole, load steam propellant and dauk successively, and the aperture place expansion bolt in broken hole is locked to block aperture.The filling of steam propellant is highly for crushing 0.5 times (2700mm) of hole depth, and it is 350mm that expansion bolt stretches into the degree of depth in broken hole, tamps with dauk between steam propellant and expansion bolt.Additionally, the moment of expansion bolt locking is 1.125kN m.
3) energising igniter and light steam propellant, steam propellant be heated after decompose produce high-temperature gas, high-temperature gas expands in airtight broken hole and makes catalase.
Steam propellant is the mixture of thermite and bicarbonate, and the mole ratio of thermite and bicarbonate is 1:1.4, and bicarbonate is potassium bicarbonate.
Embodiment 3:
1) on rock, the scope of freedom is arranged, then on the scope of freedom of rock, bore broken hole, wherein the height on the rock scope of freedom is more than or equal to the degree of depth in broken hole, broken Kong Weiyi row, often the broken hole of row is two or more, and the aperture in broken hole is d, d=90mm, the degree of depth in broken hole is 25d(2250mm), the pitch of holes in adjacent two broken holes is 7d(630mm)；
2) in broken hole, bottom hole, load steam propellant and dauk successively, and the aperture place expansion bolt in broken hole is locked to block aperture.The filling of steam propellant is highly for crushing 0.45 times (1012.5mm) of hole depth, and it is 200mm that expansion bolt stretches into the degree of depth in broken hole, tamps with dauk between steam propellant and expansion bolt.Additionally, the moment of expansion bolt locking is 0.563kN m.
3) energising igniter and light steam propellant, steam propellant be heated after decompose produce high-temperature gas, high-temperature gas expands in airtight broken hole and makes catalase.
Steam propellant is the mixture of thermite and bicarbonate, and the mole ratio of thermite and bicarbonate is 1:1, bicarbonate calcium bicarbonate.
Embodiment 4:
1) on rock, the scope of freedom is arranged, then on the scope of freedom of rock, bore broken hole, wherein the height on the rock scope of freedom is more than or equal to the degree of depth in broken hole, broken hole is more than two rows, the aperture in broken hole is d, d=38mm, and the degree of depth in broken hole is 16d(608mm), the trestle column in the adjacent two broken holes of row is 5d(190mm), often in the broken hole of row, the pitch of holes in adjacent two broken holes is 5d(190mm)；
2) in broken hole, bottom hole, load steam propellant and dauk successively, and the aperture place expansion bolt in broken hole is locked to block aperture.The filling of steam propellant is highly for crushing 0.4 times (243.2mm) of hole depth, and it is 50mm that expansion bolt stretches into the degree of depth in broken hole, tamps with dauk between steam propellant and expansion bolt.Additionally, the moment of expansion bolt locking is 0.19kN m.
3) energising igniter and light steam propellant, steam propellant be heated after decompose produce high-temperature gas, high-temperature gas expands in airtight broken hole and makes catalase.
Steam propellant is the mixture of thermite and bicarbonate, and the mole ratio of thermite and bicarbonate is 1:2, and bicarbonate is sodium bicarbonate.
Embodiment 5:
1) on rock, the scope of freedom is arranged, then on the scope of freedom of rock, bore broken hole, wherein the height on the rock scope of freedom is more than or equal to the degree of depth in broken hole, broken hole is more than two rows, the aperture in broken hole is d, d=150mm, and the degree of depth in broken hole is 36d(5400mm), the trestle column in the adjacent two broken holes of row is 10d(1500mm), often in the broken hole of row, the pitch of holes in adjacent two broken holes is 10d(1500mm)；
2) in broken hole, bottom hole, load steam propellant and dauk successively, and the aperture place expansion bolt in broken hole is locked to block aperture.The filling of steam propellant is highly for crushing 0.5 times (2700mm) of hole depth, and it is 350mm that expansion bolt stretches into the degree of depth in broken hole, tamps with dauk between steam propellant and expansion bolt.Additionally, the moment of expansion bolt locking is 1.125kN m.
3) energising igniter and light steam propellant, steam propellant be heated after decompose produce high-temperature gas, high-temperature gas expands in airtight broken hole and makes catalase.
Steam propellant is the mixture of thermite and bicarbonate, and the mole ratio of thermite and bicarbonate is 1:1.4, and bicarbonate is potassium bicarbonate.
Embodiment 6:
1) on rock, the scope of freedom is arranged, then on the scope of freedom of rock, bore broken hole, wherein the height on the rock scope of freedom is more than or equal to the degree of depth in broken hole, broken hole is more than two rows, the aperture in broken hole is d, d=90mm, and the degree of depth in broken hole is 25d(2250mm), the trestle column in the adjacent two broken holes of row is 15d(1350mm), often in the broken hole of row, the pitch of holes in adjacent two broken holes is 7d(630mm)；
2) in broken hole, bottom hole, load steam propellant and dauk successively, and the aperture place expansion bolt in broken hole is locked to block aperture.The filling of steam propellant is highly for crushing 0.45 times (1012.5mm) of hole depth, and it is 200mm that expansion bolt stretches into the degree of depth in broken hole, tamps with dauk between steam propellant and expansion bolt.Additionally, the moment of expansion bolt locking is 0.563kN m.
3) energising igniter and light steam propellant, steam propellant be heated after decompose produce high-temperature gas, high-temperature gas expands in airtight broken hole and makes catalase.
Steam propellant is the mixture of thermite and bicarbonate, and the mole ratio of thermite and bicarbonate is 1:1, bicarbonate calcium bicarbonate.
Claims (9)
1. heat energy rock cleavage crush method, it is characterised in that: described crush method specifically includes following steps:
1) on rock, arrange the scope of freedom, on the scope of freedom of rock, then bore broken hole；
2) in broken hole, bottom hole, steam propellant and clay are loaded successively, and the aperture place expansion bolt locking in broken hole is to block aperture, described steam propellant is the mixture that can produce hot gas after being heated, wherein it is embedded with igniter inside steam propellant, and the conductor wire of igniter draws broken hole from expansion bolt；
3) energising igniter and light steam propellant, steam propellant light after being heated decompose produce high-temperature gas, high-temperature gas expands in airtight broken hole and makes catalase.
2. heat energy rock cleavage crush method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described steam propellant is the mixture of thermite and bicarbonate.
3. heat energy rock cleavage crush method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the mole ratio of described thermite and bicarbonate is 1:1-2.
4. heat energy rock cleavage crush method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: the aperture in described broken hole is 38-150mm, 16-36 times that the degree of depth is aperture of broken hole.
5. heat energy rock cleavage crush method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: more than described broken Kong Weiyi row or two arranges, often the broken hole of row is two or more；Broken hole be two rows above time, 5-15 times that trestle column is aperture of the adjacent two broken holes of row.
6. heat energy rock cleavage crush method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: often in the broken hole of row 5-10 times that pitch of holes is aperture of adjacent two broken holes.
7. heat energy rock cleavage crush method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the filling of described steam propellant is highly for 0.4-0.5 times of broken hole depth, it is 50-350mm that expansion bolt stretches into the degree of depth in broken hole, tamps with clay between steam propellant and expansion bolt.
8. heat energy rock cleavage crush method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the moment of described expansion bolt locking is (10～15kN) × 0.5 × d × 10-3, d is the aperture in broken hole, and d=38-150mm.
9. heat energy rock cleavage crush method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described clay is dauk.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610217368.2A CN105806164B (en) | 2016-04-08 | 2016-04-08 | Heat energy rock cleavage crush method |
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| CN201610217368.2A CN105806164B (en) | 2016-04-08 | 2016-04-08 | Heat energy rock cleavage crush method |
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| CN105806164B CN105806164B (en) | 2017-10-27 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107167045A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-09-15 | 覃如贤 | It is a kind of that engineering rupture, broken method are carried out based on non-priming system |
| CN110906815A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-24 | 四川京航天程科技发展有限公司 | Drill bit drilling-based micro explosive crushing method and application thereof |
| CN113587760A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-02 | 中南大学 | Combined rock breaking method for heat expansion rock breaking pipe and hard rock stratum foundation pit |
| CN115823977A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-03-21 | 武汉大学 | Method for efficiently cracking rock by using dry ice |
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| CN104048561A (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-09-17 | 中国矿业大学 | Blasting cartridge bag and manufacturing method |
| CN104154831A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2014-11-19 | 贵州建工集团第一建筑工程有限责任公司 | Cubic stone expansion and blasting method |
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| CN1176377A (en) * | 1996-09-08 | 1998-03-18 | 黄凤扬 | Calcination demolition method for marble and limestone and its blasthole plug and demolition liquid |
| CN1224479A (en) * | 1996-12-27 | 1999-07-28 | 日立造船株式会社 | Discharge impact breaking device |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107167045A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-09-15 | 覃如贤 | It is a kind of that engineering rupture, broken method are carried out based on non-priming system |
| CN107167045B (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2018-09-21 | 覃如贤 | A method of engineering rupture, broken is carried out based on non-priming system |
| CN110906815A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-24 | 四川京航天程科技发展有限公司 | Drill bit drilling-based micro explosive crushing method and application thereof |
| CN113587760A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-02 | 中南大学 | Combined rock breaking method for heat expansion rock breaking pipe and hard rock stratum foundation pit |
| CN113587760B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2023-08-25 | 中南大学 | Combined rock breaking method for thermal expansion rock breaking pipe and hard rock stratum foundation pit |
| CN115823977A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-03-21 | 武汉大学 | Method for efficiently cracking rock by using dry ice |
| CN115823977B (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2024-05-17 | 武汉大学 | Method for efficiently fracturing rock by dry ice |
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