CN105804828A - Electromagnetic actuator - Google Patents
Electromagnetic actuator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105804828A CN105804828A CN201610034322.7A CN201610034322A CN105804828A CN 105804828 A CN105804828 A CN 105804828A CN 201610034322 A CN201610034322 A CN 201610034322A CN 105804828 A CN105804828 A CN 105804828A
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- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- output pin
- stator
- coil
- header board
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
- H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
- H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
- F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/128—Encapsulating, encasing or sealing
- H01F7/129—Encapsulating, encasing or sealing of armatures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
- F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
- F01L2009/2103—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids comprising one coil
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
- F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2820/00—Details on specific features characterising valve gear arrangements
- F01L2820/03—Auxiliary actuators
- F01L2820/031—Electromagnets
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator. A composite shaft (41) comprises a shaft part (42) and a rear plate part (43); the shaft part is integrated with the rear plate part through a soft magnet material; the composite shaft constitutes a movable part (24); the shaft part (42) is received in a guiding hole (33) of a stator (32) in a sliding manner; at least part of the shaft part (42) is superposed with the stator (32) in the movable part and in a range (24) from the back limit to the forth limit; the rear plate part (43) is connected to a permanent magnet (40) on the side of the permanent coil (31); the front plate (45) is connected to the permanent magnet (49) on the side of an output sheath (60) in order to constitute a movable part; the front part has a outer diameter greater than that of the permanent magnet (40); and a field yoke (35) forms a magnetic path passing through the stator (32) and the front plate (45).
Description
Technical field
It relates to a kind of lift of a valve being applied to internal combustion engine is regulated device and is activated the electromagnetic actuators of output pin by electromagnetic force.
Background technology
Known a kind of electromagnetic actuators, it makes the moveable part comprising permanent magnet move by the electromagnetic force produced by coil, thus activating output pin.Such as, for instance in a kind of electromagnetic actuators disclosed in DE202009010495U1, permanent magnet 24, be connected to the plate 22,26 of permanent magnet both sides and be integrally formed thus constructing moveable part through the axle 28 of the centre bore of permanent magnet and two plates.On the other hand, stationary part has along the central axis of stator 16 axial hole formed therein to form coil core.Axle is guided by axial hole and slides wherein, thus positions the central axis of moveable part.Output pin 10 is located relative to the central axis eccentric position place of moveable part, and when moveable part moves forward, output pin is promoted by the plate 22 on front side and moved forward.
In electromagnetic actuators disclosed in DE202009010495U1, permanent magnet be magnetized such that axial two ends have different magnetic poles and therefore two plates be magnetized with opposite magnetic pole.For this, axle need formed by nonmagnetic substance, thus stop magnetic abut against via this axle permanent magnet and two plates hole internal perisporium on and form short circuit.But, axle is formed by nonmagnetic substance, so when moveable part moves forward, the magnetic transmission between permanent magnet and stator quickly reduces.Therefore, the problem that can not fully produce repulsive force, captivation and induction electromotive force is caused.
Summary of the invention
The disclosure solves at least one in the problems referred to above.Therefore, the purpose of the disclosure is to provide a kind of electromagnetic actuators to guarantee magnetic transmission suitable between permanent magnet and stator at moveable part when moving forward.
In order to realize the purpose of the disclosure, it is provided that the lift of a valve of a kind of intake valve being applicable to regulate internal combustion engine or air bleeding valve regulates the electromagnetic actuators of device.Electromagnetic actuators drives output pin by electromagnetic force and includes described output pin, the permanent magnet of plate shape, stator, coil, composite shaft, header board and yoke.Described output pin is arranged to regulate relative to the described lift of a valve camshaft of device and moves forward and include distal portions.The described distal portions contacted with described camshaft is pushed back in a rearwardly direction by the torque of described camshaft.Described permanent magnet is magnetized so that described permanent magnet has polarity different from each other along its axial two ends on the base end side of described output pin.Described permanent magnet constitutes the moveable part shifted together with described output pin.Described stator is formed by soft magnetic materials and is arranged on the opposition side contrary with described output pin of described permanent magnet.Described stator includes along its axial guide hole.Described coil produces the magnetic field contrary with the magnetic direction of described permanent magnet when energising, and described coil produces repulsive force between described stator and described permanent magnet.Described composite shaft includes shaft portion and back plate part, described shaft portion and described back plate part and is integrally formed by soft magnetic materials, and described composite shaft constitutes moveable part.Described shaft portion is slidably received in the described guide hole of described stator.Described shaft portion at least some of described moveable part from the limit backward of described moveable part to the shift range of forward limit in overlapping with described stator.Described back plate part is connected to described permanent magnet in the described coil sides of described permanent magnet.Described header board is formed by soft magnetic materials, and is connected to described permanent magnet on the described output pin side of described permanent magnet to constitute described moveable part.Described header board has the external diameter bigger than the external diameter of described permanent magnet.Described yoke by soft magnetic materials cylindrical in shape form and formed the magnetic circuit through described stator and described header board.
Accompanying drawing explanation
According to the detailed description carried out with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other purpose of the disclosure, feature and advantage will become more apparent.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is along Fig. 3 center line I-C1-C2-I sectional view intercepted when electric current is not passed through the electromagnetic actuators according to embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view when electric current is through the first coil of the electromagnetic actuators shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the plane graph that direction shown in the arrow III from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is seen；
Fig. 4 is the side view that direction shown in the arrow IV from Fig. 1 is seen；
Fig. 5 is the schematic sectional view when the electromagnetic actuators according to embodiment illustrates with a structure selling type；
Fig. 6 A is the enlarged drawing of part shown in the VI in Fig. 5, it is shown that but without the part of crimping；
Fig. 6 B is the enlarged drawing of part shown in the VI in Fig. 5, it is shown that the part crimped；
Fig. 7 is the schematic sectional view of the electromagnetic actuators of comparative example；And
Fig. 8 is the enlarged drawing of part shown in the VIII in Fig. 7.
Detailed description of the invention
Based on accompanying drawing, the electromagnetic actuators according to embodiment will be described below.The lift of a valve of the lift amount that electromagnetic actuators is applied to intake valve or the air bleeding valve regulating internal combustion engine regulates device.
The structure of the electromagnetic actuators of an embodiment will be described based on Fig. 1 to Fig. 6.As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the electromagnetic actuators 20 of the present embodiment is the electromagnetic actuators of " two pin type ", and activates any one of two output pins 601,602 and regulate the camshaft 94 of device to the lift of a valve.
In order to activate two output pins 601,602 individually, electromagnetic actuators 20 has the two groups of stationary parts 231,232 including coil 311,312 etc. respectively, and includes two groups of moveable parts 241,242 of permanent magnet 401,402 etc. respectively.Therefore, except a part of component parts jointly provided, major part component parts each provides two.But, when describing the structure of the present embodiment, it is not necessary to be distinguished by between two groups of component parts, so the component parts of identical type is substantially represented by identical double-digit accompanying drawing labelling.
But, in order to describe the operation of the electromagnetic actuators 20 of two pin types, the accompanying drawing labelling of particular elements has and is attached to its three-figure numeral " 1 " or " 2 " to distinguish.Further, the parts at the end of accompanying drawing labelling with numeral " 1 " can be attached with word " first " before its title, and the parts at the end of accompanying drawing labelling with numeral " 2 " can be attached with word " second " before its title.Concrete, for above-mentioned " stationary part 231,232 ", " moveable part 241,242 ", " coil 311,312 ", " permanent magnet 401,402 " and " output pin 601,602 " these five parts, in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the difference between " first component " and " second component " can be made by the numeral " 1 " at the 3rd figure place place of accompanying drawing labelling or numeral " 2 ".In addition, for yoke, whole yoke is referred to as " yoke 35 ", cover first coil 311 and construct the part of the first stationary part 231 and can be referred to as " the first curvature 351 ", and cover the second coil 312 and construct the part of the second stationary part 232 and can be referred to as " the second curvature 352 ".
Contrasting with Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, Fig. 5 only symbolically illustrates from the side that sectional view intercepts thus the figure of the operation of electromagnetic actuators 20 is described in detail.Further, Fig. 5 illustrates that the structure of the present embodiment may apply to activate the electromagnetic actuators of " a pin type " of an output pin 60.In Fig. 6 of Fig. 5 and Fig. 5 partial section view, each of the accompanying drawing labelling of above-mentioned five parts will be not attached to numeral " 1 " or " 2 " at its end.Further, in following sentence, in parts common in describing two groups of parts, numeral " 1 " or " 2 " is not attached to each end of the accompanying drawing labelling of parts.
Further, as being used for describing the technical term of actuating or position relationship, when output pin 60 activated along the direction near camshaft 94, claim output pin 60 " being moved forwardly ", and when output pin 60 activated along the direction away from camshaft 94, claim output pin 60 " being moved rearwardly ".Fig. 1 illustrates that the first output pin 601 and the second output pin 602 are all in the state of the limit backward, and Fig. 2 illustrates that the first output pin 601 is in state in the limit backward of forward limit and the second output pin 602.Further, the output pin 60 end portion on camshaft 94 side is referred to as fore-end 64, and the end portion contrary with fore-end 64 is referred to as cardinal extremity part 61.
Owing to the unitary construction of lift of a valve adjustment device is well known dawn, so the lift of a valve is regulated device diagram and detailed description will be omitted.When camshaft 94 rotates using Ax as rotation axis and output pin 60 is relative with short radius Ra side, electromagnetic actuators has the electric current through coil 31 to produce electromagnetic force, is thus made output pin 60 move forward by this electromagnetic force.
On the other hand, when camshaft 94 rotate make that major radius Rb side is relative with output pin 60 when the fore-end 64 of output pin 60 abuts against on camshaft 94 time, output pin 60 is pushed back in a rearwardly direction by the torque of camshaft 94.Now, output pin 60 is pushed back to the position of retraction stroke Lu, and the magnetic force being electromagnetically actuated the permanent magnet 40 self of device subsequently moves backward to the limit backward from the position of this retraction stroke Lu.
Then, the detailed configuration of electromagnetic actuators will be described.Electromagnetic actuators is broadly divided into the stationary part 23 being fixed to the (not shown)s such as engine cylinder cover, move back and forth vertically moveable part 24 and output pin 60.At this, in this manual, output pin 60 is assumed to be not included in moveable part 24, but independent part.
First stationary part 231 and the first moveable part 241 are coaxially disposed with first coil axis C1, and the second stationary part 232 and the second moveable part 242 and the second coil axis C2 are coaxially disposed.On the other hand, the first pin axis P1 of the first output pin 601 and the second pin axis P2 of the second output pin 602 each deviates the center of electromagnetic actuators 20 relative to first coil axis C1 and the second coil axis C2.Therefore, the spacing between gap ratio first coil axis C1 and the second coil axis C2 between the first pin axis P1 and the second pin axis P2 is short.
Stationary part 23 includes coil 31, stator 31, yoke 35 etc..In this, by resin formation and have bobbin that coil 31 winding wire is wound around and form the structure of the resinous molding portion to guarantee electric insulation around coil 31 and know for public domain, therefore omit their description.Connector part 27 is arranged on the side contrary with moveable part 24 relative to coil 31.When coil 31 has electric current traverse via the terminal of connector part 27 from external power source, coil 31 produces magnetic field.The operation of the electromagnetic force produced by magnetic field will be described after a while.In this, by the sectional view of the connector part 27 in omission Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
Stator 32 is formed by soft magnetic materials, and is arranged on the base end side of output pin 60 relative to permanent magnet 40.The major part of stator 32 is all located on the radially inner side of coil 31 and plays the effect of coil core.Stator 32 has the opposite segments 34 forming end portion on moveable part 24 side of stator, opposite segments 34 have relatively large external diameter and with the back plate part 43 of composite shaft 41 in wide region relative.Further, stator 32 has and is axially formed in guide hole 33 therein, and guide hole 33 is in opposite segments 34 side upper shed.
Yoke 35 is formed by soft magnetic materials, and cylindrical in shape with around two groups of coils 311,312 on the whole.First curvature 351 of yoke 35 is almost coaxially formed with first coil 311 and the first moveable part 241, and the second curvature 352 and the second coil 312 and the second moveable part 242 are almost coaxially formed.Yoke 35 abuts against on stator 32 on the side contrary with the opposite segments 34 of stator 32 or near stator 32, thus magnetic is transmitted between yoke 35 and stator 32.
Forming mobile chamber 30 on the inner side of yoke 35, moveable part 241,242 can be movable within.In the axial range of mobile chamber 30, the internal perisporium 36 of yoke 35 is almost formed with the shape of cylinder in upright arrangement, i.e. make the internal diameter of internal perisporium 36 nearly constant and substantially with after a while by relative for the periphery wall of the header board 45 described.But, internal perisporium 36 is cut at coupling part 355 place of the first curvature 351 and the second curvature 352.In order to balance each other with the internal perisporium 36 of excision, cut-out 353,354 is formed and is crossing on coil axis C1, C2 side relative with coupling part 355.In the part except cut-out 353,354 and coupling part 355, yoke 35 forms the magnetic circuit through stator 32 and header board 45.Further, yoke 35 has the bulge loop part 39 of the peristome office on sleeve 70 side being formed at yoke.
Sleeve 70 is formed by soft magnetic materials and is included base section 71 and cylinder part 73.End face 72 on coil 31 side of base section 71 relative with the front end face 457 of header board 45 (see Fig. 5).Cylinder part 73 is stretched out from base section 71 and has the front end face 74 relative with camshaft 94.Cylinder part 73 has through hole 75 parallel to each other formed therein, and through hole 75 has its output pin 601,602 of two traverses.
Then, moveable part 24 will be described.Moveable part 24 includes permanent magnet 40, composite shaft 41, header board 45 and bonded block 51, and these parts move integrally as one.Permanent magnet 40 is formed with the shape of plate, and its cross sectional shape radially is circular.Such as, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the first permanent magnet 401 is axially magnetized so that back plate part 43 side is N pole, and header board 45 side is S pole.Contrasting, the second permanent magnet 402 is axially magnetized so that back plate part 43 side is S pole, and header board 45 side is N pole.In this, adjacent permanent magnet 401,402 can make their magnetic pole arrange in same direction.
Composite shaft 41 is formed by soft magnetic materials and has integral part of shaft portion 42 and back plate part 43.Shaft portion 42 is slidably received in the guide hole 33 of stator 32.When moveable part 24 moves, shaft portion 42 is guided by guide hole 33 and therefore moveable part 24 positions and mobile point-blank.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, shaft portion 42 is at least some of overlapping with stator 32 in from the limit backward of moveable part 24 to the moving range of forward limit.Further, shaft portion 42 has air vent 425 formed therein, and air vent 425 passes axially through shaft portion 42.
Back plate part 43 from shaft portion 42 almost with right-angle bending, and in a radially outer direction launch and on coil 31 side of permanent magnet 40, be connected to permanent magnet 40.Header board 45 is formed by soft magnetic materials, and is connected to permanent magnet 40 on output pin 60 side of permanent magnet 40.When the first permanent magnet 401 has magnetic pole disposed as described above, back plate part 43 is construed to N pole, and header board 45 is construed to S pole.
As it is shown in figure 5, the end face on coil 31 side of back plate part 43 is referred to as rear end face 433, and the end face on sleeve 70 side of header board 45 is referred to as front end face 457.Further, the end face on permanent magnet 40 side of back plate part 43 is referred to as joint face 434, and the end face on permanent magnet 40 side of header board 45 is referred to as joint face 454.Further, permanent magnet 40 and header board 45 have the intercommunicating pore 405,455 in heart part formed therein, and intercommunicating pore 405,455 connects air vent 425.
With reference to Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B, bonded block 51 will be described.Bonded block 51 crimps on the periphery wall 436 of back plate part 43 and the periphery wall 456 of header board 45, thus fixes the back plate part 43 of composite shaft 41, permanent magnet 40 and header board 45.Causing magnet short-cut path between back plate part 43 and header board 45 to stop, bonded block 51 is formed by nonmagnetic substance.In this, the dotted line hacures on the cross section of bonded block 51 illustrate nonmagnetic substance.
Illustrate the shape of the bonded block 51 also not crimped in fig. 6, illustrate the shape of the bonded block 51 crimped in fig. 6b.Bonded block 51 has the main portion 510 of the centre being positioned at short transverse and relative thick, and is formed on the both sides of main portion 510 and thin sweep 513,515.Further, the periphery wall 436 of back plate part 43 and the periphery wall 456 of header board 45 angle part on the side that they are contrary with permanent magnet 40 are chamfered.
Main portion 510 is inserted between the joint face 434 of back plate part 43 and the joint face 454 of header board 45 without loosening.Sweep 513,515 from radially outward direction pressurized in a radially inward direction, is thus crimped in this case, thus abutting against on the periphery wall 436 of back plate part 43 and the periphery wall 456 of header board 45.Now, the sweep 513,515 of crimping is received in the space formed by cutting sth. askew periphery wall 436,456, thus avoiding the sweep 513,515 of crimping to stretch out from rear end face 433 and front end face 457 respectively.In this, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 each illustrates the axial cross section along any direction, and bonded block 51 need not be arranged on the whole periphery of moveable part 24.In other words, bonded block 51 only needs at least provided with in a part circumferentially.
Output pin 60 is slidably disposed through the through hole 75 of sleeve 70 along the pin axis P eccentric relative to coil axis C.The output pin 60 of the present embodiment is formed by soft magnetic materials, and as the part separated with moveable part 24, and make its cardinal extremity part 61 be attracted to the front end face 457 of header board 45 by the magnetic force of permanent magnet 40.When moveable part 24 moves forward, the output pin 60 that cardinal extremity part 61 attracted to header board 45 is made to move forward.
Referring especially to Fig. 5 the first shown moveable part 241 that sees figures.1.and.2 further, the movement of moveable part 24 will be described.In Figure 5, will illustrate at permanent magnet 40, moveable part 24 is magnetized such that back plate part 43 side is N pole and header board 45 side is movement when S pole by example.But, even if when permanent magnet 40 is magnetized in the way of contrary with Fig. 5, moveable part 24 moves in an identical manner.As it is shown in figure 5, the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 40 is passed to stator 32 via the path Φ Ms the two magnetic circuit of the path Φ Md of opposite segments end face 340 being directed directly towards stator 32 from the rear end face 433 of back plate part 43 and the inwall of guiding guide hole 33 into by shaft portion 42.
When the electric current shown in Fig. 1 is not over coil 31, the magnetic attraction in directapath Φ Md becomes maximum, and moveable part 24 is maintained at limit place backward, and wherein back plate part 43 abuts against on the opposite segments 34 of stator 32.Magnetic attraction is at least such that arrange thus attracting moveable part 24 from the position of retraction stroke Lu to the limit backward.So, shown in the dotted line with arrow Φ M in Fig. 5, producing magnetic circuit path is " the S pole of N pole → back plate part 43 (→ shaft portion 42) → stator 32 → yoke, 35 → header board, 45 → permanent magnet 40 of permanent magnet 40 ".
In this magnetic circuit, the gap between internal perisporium 36 and the periphery wall 46 of header board 45 of yoke 35 is arranged to magnetic gap and is done little as far as possible.On the other hand, the gap between internal perisporium 36 and back plate part 43 and the permanent magnet 40 of yoke 35 needs to be arranged so that magnetic gap is done relatively big thus stoping magnetic to form short circuit.For this, the external diameter of header board 45 is done bigger than the external diameter of permanent magnet 40.
When current through coil 31, coil 31 produces the magnetic field contrary with the magnetic direction of permanent magnet 40.Such as, when permanent magnet 40 makes its magnetic pole arrange as shown in Figure 5, coil 31 produces magnetic field, and wherein connector part 27 side of stator 32 is S pole, and wherein opposite segments 34 side is N pole.In other words, the winding of coil 31 is wound around direction and the direction of current through coil 31 are configured such that to produce such magnetic field.So so that the opposite segments 34 of back plate part 43 and stator 32 has identical polar, therefore between the rear end face 433 of back plate part 43 and the opposite segments end face 340 of stator 32, the repulsive force as electromagnetic force is produced.By this repulsive force, moveable part 24 moves forward from the limit backward.Subsequently, output pin 60 moves forward in company with moveable part 24.
Such as, when electric current is through first coil 311, as in figure 2 it is shown, the first output pin 601 moves forward.Similar, when electric current is through the second coil 312, the second output pin 602 moves forward.So, electromagnetic actuators 20 electric current through coil 311,312 switching, thus optionally activate two output pins 601,602 any one.When the front end face 457 of mobile moveable part 24 and therefore header board 45 moves closer to the end face 72 of sleeve 70, as shown in Figure 2, the end face 72 of front end face 457 and sleeve 70 is adjacent to each other by magnetic attraction, and thus moveable part 24 is maintained at forward limit place.
While moveable part 24 moves, along with the rear end face 433 of back plate part 43 separates with the opposite segments end face 340 of stator 32 further, the repulsive force in directapath Φ Md reduces rapidly.On the other hand, in the path Φ Ms of shaft portion 42, shaft portion 42 at least some of overlapping with stator 32 in from the limit backward of moveable part 24 to the moving range of forward limit, therefore the reduction of repulsive force can be reduced to relatively small value.
Further, while output pin 60 is pushed back by the torque of camshaft 94 and after output pin 60 is pushed back, even if the opposite segments end face 340 of the rear end face 433 of back plate part 43 and stator 32 separates, magnetic attraction still transmits between rear end face 433 and opposite segments end face 340 via the path Φ Ms of shaft portion 42.Further, when moveable part 24 moves, air can pass through the free flow between guide hole 33 and mobile chamber 30 of air vent 425 and intercommunicating pore 404,455.
The effect of the electromagnetic actuators 20 describing the present embodiment will be contrasted with the comparative example in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 corresponds respectively to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 of the present embodiment.In this comparative example, in order to convenient, it is proposed that with the pattern that the present embodiment has three differences.
First, the electromagnetic actuators 209 of the comparative example shown in Fig. 7 does not have composite shaft 41, but has the axle 49 formed by nonmagnetic substance and the back plate 44 formed by soft magnetic materials.Axle 49 is sequentially inserted in the installing hole 449,409,459 in the minds of being formed in back plate 44, permanent magnet 40 and header board 45 coaxially, thus integrally in conjunction with these parts, and thus structure moveable part 249.Axle 49 needs to be formed by nonmagnetic substance thus stoping the magnetic of back plate 44 and the magnetic of header board 45 to form short circuit.
Second, axle 49 is solid section and is formed without in the air vent passing axially through axle 49 therein.3rd, the periphery wall of back plate 44 and header board 45 passes through to be welded and fixed via the welding assembly 56 formed by nonmagnetic substance.In fig. 8, accompanying drawing labelling 564 represents welding assembly 56 and the welding portion of back plate 44, and accompanying drawing labelling 565 represents welding assembly 56 and the welding portion of header board 45.
Contrast the present embodiment and comparative example are described variant point.(1) in the electromagnetic actuators 209 of comparative example, axle 49 is formed by nonmagnetic substance, and therefore magnetic is transmitted not via axle 49.In other words, the path that magnetic is delivered to stator 32 from back plate 44 is only directapath Φ Md.Therefore, when moveable part 249 moves forward, the magnetic of transmission declines rapidly.It is thus impossible to fully produce repulsive force, captivation and induction electromotive force.
In contrast, in the electromagnetic actuators 20 of the present embodiment, shaft portion 42 and back plate part 43 are integrally formed by soft magnetic materials, and therefore magnetic these two magnetic circuits of path Φ Ms by directapath Φ Md with through shaft portion 42 are delivered to stator 32 from back plate part 43.Further, shaft portion 42 is at least some of overlapping with stator 32 in moveable part 24 is from the limit backward to the moving range of forward limit.Therefore, when moveable part 24 moves forward, transmitted by the magnetic of directapath Φ Md and reduce, but the reduction transmitted by the magnetic of path Φ Ms via shaft portion 42 is reduced to fairly small value.Therefore, it can the magnetic transmission guaranteeing suitably between permanent magnet 40 and stator 32.
Further, composite shaft 41 is played guide function by single parts by shaft portion 42, and plays magnetic transmission effect by back plate part 43, therefore can reduce the quantity of part and the man-hour of assembling.
(2) in the electromagnetic actuators 209 of comparative example, axle 49 is solid parts and is formed without in air vent therein.Further, in order to ensure guide function, the external diameter of axle 49 needs to arrange with high accuracy installation dimension relative to the internal diameter of guide hole 33.For this, when moveable part 249 moves, air is stopped in circulation between guide hole 33 and mobile chamber 30, and this is hence in so that be difficult to keep pressure balance between guide hole 33 and mobile chamber 30.Accordingly, it is possible to the movement of moveable part 249 can be damaged.In contrast, in the electromagnetic actuators 20 of the present embodiment, the shaft portion 42 of composite shaft 41 has air vent 425 formed therein, and permanent magnet 40 and header board 45 have intercommunicating pore 405,455 formed therein.For this, when moveable part 24 moves, the pressure balance between guide hole 33 and mobile chamber 30 is kept, and therefore moveable part 24 can smoothly move.
(3) in the electromagnetic actuators 209 of comparative example, the periphery wall of back plate 44 and header board 45 is fixed to one another by welding via welding assembly 56, therefore causes deformation when welding in the periphery wall of back plate 44 and header board 45.Such as, when back plate 44 be connected to the joint face 444 of permanent magnet 40, header board 45 be connected to the flatness of the joint face 454 of permanent magnet 40, rear end face 443 and front end face 457 be compromised time, the transmission of magnetic is likely to be dependent on and changes along the position in direction, face.Further, especially, when the circularity of header board 45 is compromised and is changed into ellipsoid, the periphery wall of header board 45 is likely to the internal perisporium with yoke 35 interferes.The desired value in the gap between the periphery wall and the internal perisporium of yoke 35 of header board 45 is set to big value thus when avoiding the periphery wall of header board 45 to interfere with the internal perisporium of yoke 35, then causing the reduction that magnetic is transmitted.Further, the problem of the heat hot injury produced when causing permanent magnet 40 to be soldered.
In contrast, in the electromagnetic actuators 20 of the present embodiment, the periphery wall 436 of back plate part 43 and the periphery wall 456 of header board 45 are by using bonded block 51 to be crimped.For this, deformation that back plate part 43 and header board 45 cause when can not be soldered in precision infringement, such as joint face 434,454, the circularity of the flatness of rear end face 433 and front end face 457 and header board 45, it is hereby ensured good magnetic transmission.Further, it is possible to stop permanent magnet 40 by pyrolytic damage.
Except the above-mentioned contrast of the present embodiment and comparative example, when the present embodiment is applied to electromagnetic actuators 20 of two pin types of output pin 60 and moveable part 24 bias each other, the present embodiment can produce following effect (4).(4) in the electromagnetic actuators situation that output pin and moveable part are coaxially disposed, output pin plays the effect guiding moveable part, and therefore need not arrange shaft portion.But, in the electromagnetic actuators 20 of major part two pin types, the size of coil 31 is that electromagnetic force as required is determined, but the spacing between output pin 601,602 is required to be made less than this size.Accordingly, it would be desirable to adopt output pin 60 relative to the eccentric structure to inner side of moveable part 24.So, in the structure that output pin 60 and moveable part 24 are eccentric each other, for being necessary by the mobile axis of moveable part 24 relative to the structure of the shaft portion 42 of the axis location of stator 32, therefore the structure of the present embodiment can particularly effectively be applied to output pin 60 and the eccentric each other electromagnetic actuators 20 of moveable part 24.
The modification example of above-described embodiment will be described.In the above-described embodiments, the shaft portion 42 of composite shaft 41 has air vent 425 formed therein, and permanent magnet 40 and header board 45 have intercommunicating pore 405,425 formed therein, thus guarantees vent passages on mobile chamber 30 side.In another embodiment, shaft portion can have and is not formed at air vent therein, and vent passages can be formed in stator 32, and vent passages passes connector part 27 side from guide hole 33.
In the above-described embodiments, nonmagnetic substance the bonded block 51 formed is arranged on the periphery wall of moveable part 24, thus fixes composite shaft 41, permanent magnet 40 and header board 45 these three part.In another embodiment, for instance, nonmagnetic substance the pipeline formed is press-fitted on the internal perisporium in the hole of composite shaft 41, permanent magnet 40 and header board 45, thus fixes these three part.
Additionally, except having the structure of the composite shaft 41 formed by soft magnetic materials, the structure of each several part of electromagnetic actuators is not limited to above-described embodiment.Such as, the component parts (such as stator and yoke) of magnetic circuit can make their shape and position relationship optionally change.
The disclosure may apply to the electromagnetic actuators of the axis of output pin and the axis coaxle of coil.Further, the electromagnetic actuators that the disclosure may apply to arrange three groups or more groups of stationary parts and moveable part and three or more output pins individually move.As it has been described above, the disclosure is not limited to be similar to this embodiment, but can implement in various patterns in the scope without departing from the essence of the disclosure.
In a word, the electromagnetic actuators 20 according to above-described embodiment can describe as follows.
Electromagnetic actuators 20 is applicable to regulate the lift of a valve of the lift amount of the intake valve of internal combustion engine or air bleeding valve and regulates device.Electromagnetic actuators 20 drives output pin 60 by electromagnetic force and includes described output pin 60, the permanent magnet 40 of plate shape, stator 32, coil 31, composite shaft 41, header board 45 and yoke 35.Described output pin 60 is arranged to regulate relative to the described lift of a valve camshaft 94 of device and moves forward and include distal portions 64.The described distal portions 64 contacted with described camshaft 94 is pushed back in a rearwardly direction by the torque of described camshaft 94.Described permanent magnet 40 is magnetized so that described permanent magnet 40 has polarity different from each other along its axial two ends on the base end side of described output pin 60.Described permanent magnet 40 constitutes the moveable part 24 shifted together with described output pin 60.Described stator 32 formed by soft magnetic materials and be arranged on described permanent magnet 40 with on described output pin 60 opposition side.Described stator 32 includes along its axial guide hole 33.Described coil 31 produces the magnetic field contrary with the magnetic direction of described permanent magnet 40 when energized, and described coil produces repulsive force between described stator 32 and described permanent magnet 40.Described composite shaft 41 includes shaft portion 42 and back plate part 43, described shaft portion and described back plate part and is integrally formed by soft magnetic materials, and described composite shaft constitutes moveable part 24.Described shaft portion 42 is slidably received in the described guide hole 33 of described stator 32.Described shaft portion 42 at least some of described moveable part 24 from the limit backward of described moveable part 24 to the shift range of forward limit in overlapping with described stator 32.Described back plate part 43 is connected to described permanent magnet 40 on described coil 31 side of described permanent magnet 40.Described header board 45 is formed by soft magnetic materials, and is connected to described permanent magnet 40 on described output pin 60 side of described permanent magnet 40, to constitute described moveable part 24.Described header board 45 has the external diameter bigger than the external diameter of described permanent magnet 40.Described yoke 35 by soft magnetic materials cylindrical in shape form and formed the magnetic circuit through described stator 32 and described header board 45.
In the disclosure, when moveable part moves forward, the shaft portion of the composite shaft because being formed by soft magnetic materials is overlapping with stator, it is possible to guarantee the magnetic transmission between permanent magnet and stator suitably via shaft portion.Further, parts play guide function by axle, and play magnetic transmission effect by back plate part, therefore can reduce the quantity of part and the man-hour of assembling.
Described composite shaft 41 can include the air vent 425 axially across described shaft portion 42 along shaft portion 42.Described permanent magnet 40 each can include the intercommunicating pore 405,455 connected with described air vent 425 with described header board 45.
Described electromagnetic actuators 20 at least can farther include bonded block 51 at described moveable part 24 along the part of its circumference.Described bonded block 51 is formed by nonmagnetic substance and crimps on the periphery wall 436 of described back plate part 43 and the periphery wall 456 of described header board 45 of described composite shaft 41, across both bridge joints.
Although the disclosure being described with reference to embodiment, but it is to be understood that the disclosure is not limited to described embodiment and structure.The disclosure is intended to cover various modification and equivalent setting.Additionally, comprise or many or less or only discrete component various combinations and configuration, other combination and configuration are also in the spirit and scope of the disclosure.
Claims (5)
1. an electromagnetic actuators, it is adaptable to the lift of a valve regulating the intake valve of internal combustion engine or the lift amount of air bleeding valve regulates device, and described electromagnetic actuators (20) drives output pin (60) by electromagnetic force and includes:
Described output pin (60), described output pin is arranged to regulate relative to the described lift of a valve camshaft (94) of device and moves forward and include distal portions (64), and the described distal portions (64) wherein contacted with described camshaft (94) is pushed back in a rearwardly direction by the torque of described camshaft (94)；
The permanent magnet (40) of plate shape, described permanent magnet is magnetized so that described permanent magnet (40) has polarity different from each other along its axial two ends on the base end side of described output pin (60), and wherein said permanent magnet (40) constitutes the moveable part (24) shifted together with described output pin (60)；
Stator (32), described stator is formed by soft magnetic materials and is arranged on the opposition side contrary with described output pin (60) of described permanent magnet (40), and wherein said stator (32) includes along its axial guide hole (33)；
Coil (31), described coil produces the magnetic field contrary with the magnetic direction of described permanent magnet (40) when energising, and described coil produces repulsive force between described stator (32) and described permanent magnet (40)；
Composite shaft (41), described composite shaft includes shaft portion (42) and back plate part (43), described shaft portion and described back plate part are integrally formed by soft magnetic materials, and described composite shaft constitutes described moveable part (24), wherein:
Described shaft portion (42) is slidably received in the described guide hole (33) of described stator (32)；
Described shaft portion (42) at least some of described moveable part (24) from the limit backward of described moveable part (24) to the shift range of forward limit in overlapping with described stator (32)；And
Described back plate part (43) is connected to described permanent magnet (40) on described coil (31) side of described permanent magnet (40)；
Header board (45), described header board is formed by soft magnetic materials, and on described output pin (60) side of described permanent magnet (40), it being connected to described permanent magnet (40) to constitute described moveable part (24), wherein said header board (45) has the external diameter bigger than the external diameter of described permanent magnet (40)；And
Yoke (35), described yoke by soft magnetic materials cylindrical in shape form and formed the magnetic circuit through described stator (32) and described header board (45).
2. electromagnetic actuators as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
Described composite shaft (41) includes the air vent axially across described shaft portion (42) (425) along described shaft portion；And
Described permanent magnet (40) each includes the intercommunicating pore (405,455) connected with described air vent (425) with described header board (45).
3. electromagnetic actuators as claimed in claim 1 or 2, described electromagnetic actuators at least farther includes bonded block (51) at described moveable part (24) along the part of its circumference, wherein said bonded block (51) is formed by nonmagnetic substance and is crimped on the periphery wall (436) of described back plate part (43) and the periphery wall (456) of described header board (45) of described composite shaft (41), across both bridge joints.
4. electromagnetic actuators as claimed in claim 1 or 2, the axis (P1, P2) of wherein said output pin (60) is eccentric relative to the axis (C1, C2) of described coil (31).
5. electromagnetic actuators as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein:
Described coil (31), described stator (32), described moveable part (24) and described output pin (60) are combinations in multiple combinations of coil (311,312), stator (32), moveable part (241,242) and output pin (601,602)；And
Described output pin (601,602) is separately driven.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015007746A JP6311617B2 (en) | 2015-01-19 | 2015-01-19 | Electromagnetic actuator |
| JP2015-007746 | 2015-01-19 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105804828A true CN105804828A (en) | 2016-07-27 |
| CN105804828B CN105804828B (en) | 2019-09-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610034322.7A Expired - Fee Related CN105804828B (en) | 2015-01-19 | 2016-01-19 | Electromagnetic actuators |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6311617B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105804828B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102016100417B4 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110273727A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-09-24 | 绵阳富临精工机械股份有限公司 | A kind of electromagnetic actuator |
| CN111434915A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2020-07-21 | 株式会社电装 | Solenoid valve |
| CN111542901A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2020-08-14 | 亚萨合莱有限公司 | Actuator including an electropermanent magnet and method |
| CN107680773B (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2020-12-22 | 株式会社电装 | Electromagnetic actuator |
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| DE102018129958A1 (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2020-05-28 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Actuator device |
| DE102019105938A1 (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-10 | Eto Magnetic Gmbh | Electromagnetic control device with adaptable plunger arrangement |
| DE102020109117A1 (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-07 | Eto Magnetic Gmbh | Adhesion-optimized armature assembly and electromagnetic actuating device |
| DE102021129222A1 (en) | 2021-11-10 | 2023-05-11 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Electromagnetic actuator |
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2016
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- 2016-01-19 CN CN201610034322.7A patent/CN105804828B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105804828B (en) | 2019-09-03 |
| JP6311617B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 |
| DE102016100417A1 (en) | 2016-07-21 |
| JP2016133036A (en) | 2016-07-25 |
| DE102016100417B4 (en) | 2020-11-12 |
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