A kind of method that rare precious metal is reclaimed in sour mud
Technical field
The present invention relates to noble metal acid mud utilization and recycle technical field, the side of rare precious metal is reclaimed in specifically a kind of sour mud
Method.
Background technology
In sulphide ore pyrometallurgical smelting acid manufacturing processes, the tiny grit that the metal of some low melting points is formed usually can be with cigarette
Gas enters smoke exhaust barrel, and with the application of current wet cleaning flue gas process, this kind of grit accumulates over a long period, formd with heavy metal lead
Based on, the sour mud of the rare precious metal such as Enriching Selenium, bismuth, gold, silver.This kind of resource is because Main Ingredients and Appearance is lead, current most of factories and miness
Pyrometallurgical smelting of lead enterprise is sold to as lead skim, in processing procedure, lead base therein is originally recycled, but other for Lian Qian enterprises
Rare precious metal is largely dispersed in flue dust and Water Quenching Slag, can not be reclaimed.As the available mineral products class resource of non-ferrous metal is more next
Fewer, the comprehensive utilization of secondary resource increasingly attracts people's attention;And sour mud yield is big, there will be heap in sale
Put(It is outdoor)And the process of long-distance transport, due to wherein containing various heavy harmful element, long-time solar exposure, rainwater punching
Surrounding enviroment are brought serious secondary pollution by brush, strong wind airborne dust, therefore, environmental protection, effective exploitation are carried out to sour mud, is made
Its huge economic value contained is embodied, and has been the task of top priority.Utilization for caused sour mud in smelting acid making system,
Such as big, high energy consumption, metal recovery rate are invested using side-blown melting, side-blown reduction, fuming furnace technical finesse acid mud, this kind of method not
Enough ideals;Wet processing is and for example utilized, the technique is not suitable for handling leaded and rare precious metal acid mud, and too long in flow;For another example
Using sodium sulfite lixiviation process, this kind of method can only be extracted selenium therein.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of method that rare precious metal is reclaimed in sour mud, existing to solve
Technological investment is big, high energy consumption, metal recovery rate are not ideal enough, too long in flow, the problem of can only extracting single metal.
The present invention solve technical problem technical scheme be:A kind of method that rare precious metal is reclaimed in sour mud, methods described
Comprise the following steps.
Sour mud pretreatment.
Water is added into sour mud, is stirred pulp, mixing time 0.5-3 hours, the mass ratio of sour mud and water is 1:3,
Temperature maintains 25-90 degrees Celsius, and stirring carries out press filtration processing after terminating to mud, obtains filtrate A and filter residue A.Into filter residue A
Water is added, is stirred, mixing time 0.5-3 hours, the mass ratio of filter residue A and water is 1:1, stir after terminating to mud through row
Press filtration is handled, and obtains liquor B and filter residue B.Liquor B and filtrate A are mixed to get liquor C.
Copper reclaims.
Ammonium sulfide or vulcanized sodium are added in liquor C, untill blueness not being presented in liquor C, wherein ammonium sulfide or sulphur
Change sodium with reference to 1.1-1.5 times that addition is theoretical reacting dose.Press filtration processing, the filter after press filtration are carried out to reacted mixture
Slag is the copper concentrate rich in copper sulfide.
Lead reclaims.
By filter residue B and water mixing pulp, the mass ratio of filter residue B and water is 3-8:1, the mixed acid added afterwards after dilution,
Mixed acid addition after dilution is 50-300g/L;Temperature maintains 40-90 degrees Celsius, hour time 1.5-5;In mixed acid
The quality of nitric acid accounts for the 20-50% of gross mass, and remaining is sulfuric acid, the mixed acid volumetric concentration 200-300g/L after dilution;Reaction
Reactant press filtration is handled after end to obtain filtrate D and filter residue C, wherein filter residue C is the lead skim for being enriched gold and silver.
Selenium reclaims.
Sulfur dioxide gas, 1-5 cubes m/min of control sulfur dioxide flow, temperature 25-60 are added in filtrate D
Degree Celsius, control terminal PH maintains 0.5-2, sustained response 2-4 hours, during which with uniform stirring;Stir after terminating to anti-
Thing is answered to be handled through row press filtration, the filter residue obtained afterwards is the powder rich in selenium.
Methods described is particularly suitable for use in the sour mud of following feature:Pb30-50%、Se2-15%、Bi1-5%、Cu2-10%、Au2-
10g/t、Ag30-200g/t。
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:Sour mud washing is recycled copper metal therein, is leached, utilized using nitration mixture
Lead produces lead bismuth alloy to gold, silver, the strong accumulation ability of bismuth, pyrometallurgical smelting, has at utmost reclaimed your dilute gold such as bismuth, gold, silver
Category, produces selenium powder using sulphur dioxide reduction, than sodium sulfite technique, does not form sodium salt waste water or sulfate crystal.Technique
In caused solid waste mostly come from separation of solid and liquid twice:The filter residue of separation of solid and liquid is rich in lead element, the pyrogenic process for lead
Smelting forms lead bismuth alloy, thus whole technical process forms closed circulation system, does not form pollution to environment, reduces production
Cost, realize environment-protecting clean production.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1.
Sour mud composition is:Pb32.56%、Se5.66%、Bi2.38%、Cu3.62%、Au2.6g/t、Ag46.8g/t.
Sour mud pretreatment.
Water is added into sour mud, is stirred pulp, mixing time 0.5 hour, the mass ratio of sour mud and water is 1:3, temperature
Degree maintains 25 degrees Celsius, and stirring carries out press filtration processing after terminating to mud, obtains filtrate A and filter residue A.Added into filter residue A
Water, it is stirred, mixing time 0.5 hour, the mass ratio of filter residue A and water is 1:1, stirring terminate after to mud through row press filtration at
Reason, obtains liquor B and filter residue B.Liquor B and filtrate A are mixed to get liquor C.
Copper reclaims.
Ammonium sulfide or vulcanized sodium are added in liquor C, untill blueness not being presented in liquor C, wherein ammonium sulfide or sulphur
Change sodium with reference to 1.1 times that addition is theoretical reacting dose.Press filtration processing is carried out to reacted mixture, the filter residue after press filtration is
For the copper concentrate rich in copper sulfide.
Lead reclaims.
By filter residue B and water mixing pulp, the mass ratio of filter residue B and water is 3:1, the mixed acid added afterwards after dilution is dilute
Mixed acid addition after releasing is 50g/L;Temperature maintains 40 degrees Celsius, 1.5 hours time;The quality of nitric acid accounts in mixed acid
The 20% of gross mass, remaining is sulfuric acid, the mixed acid volumetric concentration 200g/L after dilution;React after terminating to reactant press filtration
Processing obtains filtrate D and filter residue C, and wherein filter residue C is the lead skim for being enriched gold and silver.
Selenium reclaims.
Sulfur dioxide gas is added in filtrate D, 1 cube m/min of control sulfur dioxide flow, temperature 25 is Celsius
Degree, control terminal PH maintain 0.5, sustained response 2 hours, during which with uniform stirring;Stir after terminating to reactant through row
Press filtration is handled, and the filter residue obtained afterwards is the powder rich in selenium.
The direct yield of calculating is:Selenium 88.6%, gold 99%, silver 98%, lead 98.6%, bismuth 99.6%.
Embodiment 2.
Sour mud composition is:Pb42.36%、Se2.36%、Bi3.28%、Cu4.32%、Au5.2g/t、Ag56.6g/t.
Sour mud pretreatment.
Water is added into sour mud, is stirred pulp, mixing time 2.5 hours, the mass ratio of sour mud and water is 1:3, temperature
Degree maintains 65 degrees Celsius, and stirring carries out press filtration processing after terminating to mud, obtains filtrate A and filter residue A.Added into filter residue A
Water, it is stirred, mixing time 2.5 hours, the mass ratio of filter residue A and water is 1:1, stirring terminate after to mud through row press filtration at
Reason, obtains liquor B and filter residue B.Liquor B and filtrate A are mixed to get liquor C.
Copper reclaims.
Ammonium sulfide or vulcanized sodium are added in liquor C, untill blueness not being presented in liquor C, wherein ammonium sulfide or sulphur
Change sodium with reference to 1.3 times that addition is theoretical reacting dose.Press filtration processing is carried out to reacted mixture, the filter residue after press filtration is
For the copper concentrate rich in copper sulfide.
Lead reclaims.
By filter residue B and water mixing pulp, the mass ratio of filter residue B and water is 6:1, the mixed acid added afterwards after dilution is dilute
Mixed acid addition after releasing is 150g/L;Temperature maintains 70 degrees Celsius, 4 hours time;The quality of nitric acid accounts in mixed acid
The 30% of gross mass, remaining is sulfuric acid, the mixed acid volumetric concentration 260g/L after dilution;React after terminating to reactant press filtration
Processing obtains filtrate D and filter residue C, and wherein filter residue C is the lead skim for being enriched gold and silver.
Selenium reclaims.
Sulfur dioxide gas is added in filtrate D, 3 cubes ms/min of control sulfur dioxide flow, temperature 45 is Celsius
Degree, control terminal PH maintain 1.2, sustained response 3 hours, during which with uniform stirring;Stir after terminating to reactant through row
Press filtration is handled, and the filter residue obtained afterwards is the powder rich in selenium.
The direct yield of calculating is:Selenium 91.6%, gold 97.5%, silver 96.8%, lead 98.3%, bismuth 99.2%.
Embodiment 3.
Sour mud composition is:Pb36.1%、Se9.56%、Bi4.68%、Cu8.82%、Au8.6g/t、Ag128.6g/t.
Sour mud pretreatment.
Water is added into sour mud, is stirred pulp, mixing time 3 hours, the mass ratio of sour mud and water is 1:3, temperature
90 degrees Celsius are maintained, stirring carries out press filtration processing after terminating to mud, obtains filtrate A and filter residue A.Water is added into filter residue A,
It is stirred, mixing time 3 hours, the mass ratio of filter residue A and water is 1:1, stirring is handled mud after terminating through row press filtration, is obtained
To liquor B and filter residue B.Liquor B and filtrate A are mixed to get liquor C.
Copper reclaims.
Ammonium sulfide or vulcanized sodium are added in liquor C, untill blueness not being presented in liquor C, wherein ammonium sulfide or sulphur
Change sodium with reference to 1.5 times that addition is theoretical reacting dose.Press filtration processing is carried out to reacted mixture, the filter residue after press filtration is
For the copper concentrate rich in copper sulfide.
Lead reclaims.
By filter residue B and water mixing pulp, the mass ratio of filter residue B and water is 8:1, the mixed acid added afterwards after dilution is dilute
Mixed acid addition after releasing is 300g/L;Temperature maintains 90 degrees Celsius, 5 hours time;The quality of nitric acid accounts in mixed acid
The 50% of gross mass, remaining is sulfuric acid, the mixed acid volumetric concentration 300g/L after dilution;React after terminating to reactant press filtration
Processing obtains filtrate D and filter residue C, and wherein filter residue C is the lead skim for being enriched gold and silver.
Selenium reclaims.
Sulfur dioxide gas is added in filtrate D, 5 cubes ms/min of control sulfur dioxide flow, temperature 60 is Celsius
Degree, control terminal PH maintain 2, sustained response 4 hours, during which with uniform stirring;Stirring is pressed reactant after terminating through row
Filter is handled, and the filter residue obtained afterwards is the powder rich in selenium.
The direct yield of calculating is:Selenium 93.5%, gold 98.3%, silver 98.5%, lead 99.2%, bismuth 99.7%.