CN105800726A - Application of acorn polyphenol extract - Google Patents

Application of acorn polyphenol extract Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105800726A
CN105800726A CN201610391991.XA CN201610391991A CN105800726A CN 105800726 A CN105800726 A CN 105800726A CN 201610391991 A CN201610391991 A CN 201610391991A CN 105800726 A CN105800726 A CN 105800726A
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acorn nut
heavy metal
polyphenol extract
application
acorn
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黄亮
李雨馨
李璐
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Central South University of Forestry and Technology
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Central South University of Forestry and Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
    • B01D11/0211—Solvent extraction of solids in combination with an electric or magnetic field
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • C02F2101/22—Chromium or chromium compounds, e.g. chromates

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses application of acorn polyphenol extract.The acorn polyphenol extract serving as a heavy metal ion adsorbent is applied to removal of heavy metal ions in aqueous solution.Acorn polyphenol has a quick adsorption rate of adsorbing the heavy metal ions such as Cr6+, Pb2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ in the aqueous solution and is high in adsorption capacity, and the acorn polyphenol extract is a natural plant extract, does not cause secondary pollution to a water system, is green and environmentally friendly and can be popularized and applied.

Description

The application of acorn nut polyphenol extract
Technical field
The present invention relates to the application of acorn nut polyphenol extract, particularly to the method that acorn nut polyphenol extract is applied in aqueous solution removal of heavy metal ions, belong to Heavy Metal Pollution Control technical field.
Background technology
Heavy metal refers to that atomic density is more than or equal to 5 × l0-3kg/m3Metallic element, such as hydrargyrum, lead, cadmium, chromium, gold, silver, copper etc., there are about 45 kinds.Overwhelming majority heavy metals are life entity to be damaged, and when concentration reaches certain numerical value can the life of direct life-threatening body.Along with industrialization development, the degree that heavy metal water pollutes is increasingly severe, and the heavy metal pollution in water is essentially from Metallurgy Industry, machining, mining industry, chemical industry and the residual of heavy metal in agriculture chemical.Heavy metal mostly is non-degradable type noxious substance, does not possess natural purifying ability, removes once entered environment is difficult to from environment, and easily enrichment and the expansion in biological chain of heavy metal pollution simultaneously, toxicity is very big again simultaneously.Therefore the removal of heavy metal and process extremely urgent in water.At present the conventional method that processes of the heavy metal in water there are absorption method, membrane separation process, flocculent precipitation, bioanalysis and organic material method.Absorption method is to utilize a kind of effective ways of heavy metal ion in porous solid material Adsorption water, and conventional adsorbent is activated carbon, and its absorbability is very strong, clearance is high, but regenerating active carbon efficiency is low, and water quality treatment is extremely difficult to reuse requirement, price, application is restricted；Membrane separation process is to utilize in solution environmental the potential difference of concentration by the solute in solution or solvent, a kind of method that pure physical process separates but operating cost or the cost of raw material are relatively too high, economically uneconomical；Namely flocculent precipitation adds flocculant in the aqueous solution containing heavy metal or reconciles pH and make a kind of method of heavy metal precipitation, has chemical precipitation method etc.；Bioanalysis be made by microorganism or the flocculation of plant, absorption, accumulation, enrichment etc. effect remove heavy metal in waste water method the method pollution-free be a kind of technology that heavy metal is novel of removing, but owing to microbial action is limited in one's ability and equilibration time length is so being currently limited to laboratory research, also fail to be widely used in actual production；Organic material method by synthesize macromolecular material or current material is modified, grafting, give its new group, New function, make resulting materials can act on the heavy metal ion generation ion exchange in water, chemisorbed or chelating etc., thus by removal of heavy metal ions, being current study hotspot.
Summary of the invention
For the defect that the method for heavy metal in existing removal aqueous solution exists, it is an object of the invention to be in that to provide a kind of acorn nut polyphenol extract to be applied to absorbing heavy metal ions in water, acorn nut polyphenol extract can heavy metal ion quickly, in efficient absorption aqueous solution, and acorn nut polyphenol extract is natural plant extracts, aqueous systems will not be caused secondary pollution, environmental protection, it is possible to popularization and application.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the invention provides the application of a kind of acorn nut polyphenol extract, be applied to remove the heavy metal ion in aqueous solution as heavy metal absorbent using acorn nut polyphenol extract.
Preferred scheme, the pH of aqueous solution is 4～6.
Preferred scheme, in aqueous solution, heavy metal ion content is 5～50mg/L.
More preferably scheme, heavy metal ion includes Cr6+、Pb2+、Cd2+、Zn2+、Cu2+In at least one.
Preferred scheme, acorn nut polyphenol extract addition in aqueous is 0.3～0.6mg/mL.
Preferred scheme, adds in the aqueous solution containing heavy metal ion by acorn nut polyphenol extract, at 25～35 DEG C of temperature, stirs or after vibration 1～4h, adopts 0.45 μm of membrane filtration, must remove the aqueous solution of heavy metal.Stir speed (S.S.) is typically maintained in 150～200r/min, it is preferable that at 180r/min.
Preferred scheme, acorn nut polyphenol extract obtains by the following method: acorn nut adopts cellulase and pectase compound enzyme carry out enzymolysis, and enzymatic hydrolysate is extracted by Microwave-Assisted Ethanol solution, gained extracting solution is after evaporation and concentration, it is dissolved in water, utilizes ultrafilter membrane to be purified, to obtain final product.
More preferably scheme, the addition of cellulase and pectase compound enzyme is the 1～2% of acorn nut quality.
The mass ratio of more preferably scheme, cellulase and pectase compound enzyme cellulase and pectase is (2～3): 1.
More preferably scheme, hydrolysis temperature is 55～65 DEG C, and enzymolysis time is 30～40min.
More preferably scheme, enzymatic hydrolysate with the alcoholic solution that mass percent concentration is 55～65% by solid-liquid ratio 1g:(20～30) mL mixes, when microwave power is 200～400W and temperature is 55～65 DEG C, after extracting 15～30min, filter, obtain filtrate I and filtering residue；Gained filtering residue extracts according to the extraction process of above-mentioned enzymatic hydrolysate, obtains filtrate II；Merging filtrate I and filtrate II, be evaporated concentration.
More preferably scheme, is purified by retaining the ultrafilter membrane that molecule is 100kDa and realizes, and purification condition is: temperature is 25～35 DEG C, pressure is 0.1～0.2MPa.
More preferably scheme, acorn nut is through cleaning, dry, pulverizing and screening and removing impurities pretreatment.
Hinge structure, the Advantageous Effects that technical scheme is brought:
1) the acorn nut polyphenol extract heavy metal ion of the present invention is (such as Cr6+、Pb2+、Cu2+Deng) the rate of adsorption fast especially, in 1h namely adsorbable more than 70% heavy metal ion, in 4h, each heavy metal ion all can reach adsorption equilibrium；The high adsorption capacity of acorn nut polyphenol extract heavy metal ion, the clearance of heavy metal ion reaches more than 99.75%.
2) the acorn nut polyphenol extract of the present invention is natural plant composition, safe to the human body, environmental protection, does not cause the secondary pollution of aqueous solution when processing heavy metal solution, there is good application prospect, in processing grain and other food, in heavy metal, there is good using value especially.
3) the acorn nut polyphenol extract originating species composition of the present invention, it is thus achieved that method is simple, and cost is low, is conducive to industrialized production to apply.
4, the acorn nut polyphenol extract of the present invention is obtained by enzymolysis, microwave radiation exaraction, has extraction efficiency height, an advantage that polyphenol content is high.
5) method of the heavy metal ion removed in aqueous solution of the present invention simple, efficiently, low cost, be conducive to industrial applications.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The relation curve of [Fig. 1] adsorption efficiency for acorn nut polyphenol heavy metal ion and pH value of solution.
The relation curve of [Fig. 2] adsorption efficiency for acorn nut polyphenol heavy metal ion and adsorption time.
The relation curve of [Fig. 3] adsorption efficiency for acorn nut polyphenol heavy metal ion and acorn nut polyphenol extract concentration.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
Raw material of the present invention picks up from the Cyclobalanopsis robur acorn nut of hengyang, hunan province, raw material part nutritional labeling such as table 1:
The Cyclobalanopsis robur acorn nut part nutritional labeling of table 1 hengyang, hunan province
Embodiment 1:
1) pretreatment: filter out the acorn nut through super-dry and high-quality, cleans, dries, pulverizes, to screen out impurity standby.
2) with pectase enzymolysis 35min in 60 DEG C of constant temperature oscillation water-baths of the cellulase of sample quality 1% and sample quality 0.5%.In boiling water bath, 5min carries out enzyme denaturing process afterwards.Enzymolysis solution carries out next step reaction.
3) with the ethanol of 60% for solvent, it is 1:25 at solid-liquid ratio, when microwave power is 300W, when Extracting temperature is 60 DEG C, extracts 20min.It is filtrated to get filtrate 1, filtering residue is repeated said process and obtains filtrate 2, merging filtrate 1,2.
4) rotary evaporation concentration: by 3) the rotated evaporation and concentration of the extracting solution that obtains reclaims ethanol, and obtain crude extract, add water dissolving, obtain acorn nut Aqueous extracts.
5) ultrafilter membrane preliminary purification to acorn nut polyphenol: retaining molecule is the ultrafiltration that 100KDa film carries out acorn nut polyphenol, by 4) in the feed concentration that obtains control to be 0.40%, temperature is 30 DEG C, and pressure is 0.141MPa.Obtain the acorn nut polyphenol substance after purification.
Survey polyphenol content by Prussia's blue laws and measure sample light absorption value under 540nm wavelength and gallic acid standard curve control, according to the concentration of total polyphenols in regression equation calculation sample solution, and calculate the extraction ratio of polyphenol.In crude extract, the weight/mass percentage composition of polyphenol is 18.38%, and in the extract after purification, the weight/mass percentage composition of polyphenol is 45.12%.
Embodiment 2:
1) pretreatment: filter out the acorn nut through super-dry and high-quality, cleans, dries, pulverizes, to screen out impurity standby.
2) with pectase enzymolysis 35min in 60 DEG C of constant temperature oscillation water-baths of the cellulase of sample quality 0.8% and sample quality 0.3%.In boiling water bath, 5min carries out enzyme denaturing process afterwards.Enzymolysis solution carries out next step process.
3) with the ethanol of 60% for solvent, it is 1:25 at solid-liquid ratio, when microwave power is 200W, when Extracting temperature is 60 DEG C, extracts 20min.It is filtrated to get filtrate 1, filtering residue is repeated said process and obtains filtrate 2, merging filtrate 1,2.
4) rotary evaporation concentration: by 3) the rotated evaporation and concentration of the extracting solution that obtains reclaims ethanol, and obtain crude extract, add water dissolving, obtain acorn nut Aqueous extracts.
5) ultrafilter membrane preliminary purification to acorn nut polyphenol: retaining molecule is the ultrafiltration that 100KDa film carries out acorn nut polyphenol, by 4) in the feed concentration that obtains control to be 0.50%, temperature is 25 DEG C, and pressure is 0.178MPa.Obtain the acorn nut polyphenol substance after purification.
Survey polyphenol content by Prussia's blue laws and measure sample light absorption value under 540nm wavelength and gallic acid standard curve control, according to the concentration of total polyphenols in regression equation calculation sample solution, and calculate the extraction ratio of polyphenol.In crude extract, the weight/mass percentage composition of polyphenol is 8.2%, and in the extract after purification, the weight/mass percentage composition of polyphenol is 35.27%.
Embodiment 3:
1) pretreatment: filter out the acorn nut through super-dry and high-quality, cleans, dries, pulverizes, to screen out impurity standby.
2) with pectase enzymolysis 35min in 50 DEG C of constant temperature oscillation water-baths of the cellulase of sample quality 1% and sample quality 0.5%.In boiling water bath, 5min carries out enzyme denaturing process afterwards.
3) with the ethanol of 60% for solvent, it is 1:30 at solid-liquid ratio, when microwave power is 300W, when Extracting temperature is 60 DEG C, extracts 25min.It is filtrated to get filtrate 1, filtering residue is repeated said process and obtains filtrate 2, merging filtrate 1,2.
4) rotary evaporation concentration: by 3) the rotated evaporation and concentration of the extracting solution that obtains reclaims ethanol, and obtain crude extract, add water dissolving, obtain acorn nut Aqueous extracts.
5) ultrafilter membrane preliminary purification to acorn nut polyphenol: retaining molecule is the ultrafiltration that 100KDa film carries out acorn nut polyphenol, by 4) in the feed concentration that obtains control to be 0.30%, temperature is 25 DEG C, and pressure is 0.108MPa.Obtain the acorn nut polyphenol substance after purification.
Survey polyphenol content by Prussia's blue laws and measure sample light absorption value under 540nm wavelength and gallic acid standard curve control, according to the concentration of total polyphenols in regression equation calculation sample solution, and calculate the extraction ratio of polyphenol.In crude extract, the weight/mass percentage composition of polyphenol is 14.65%, and in the extract after purification, the weight/mass percentage composition of polyphenol is 39.41%.
The raw material of the present invention be containing lead, chromium, zinc, copper four heavy metal species aqueous solution.Adopt embodiment 1 to extract the acorn nut polyphenol extract obtained and carry out adsorption experiment.
Embodiment 4:
(1) by the Cr of initial concentration respectively 10mg/L6+、Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+The each 200mL of solution is respectively placed in 250mL conical flask.
(2) take respectively containing lead, chromium, zinc, copper each 7 parts of heavy metal aqueous solution, heavy metal ion solution NaOH and HCl of the same race regulates the pH value respectively 1.0,2.0 of solution, 3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0, then each adding content is 0.3mg/mL acorn nut polyphenol extract, covers solution when glass cover prevents from vibrating and spills, is placed on shaking table by conical flask, control temperature under 30 DEG C of conditions, continuously carry out vibration 20h, after taking-up, measure the concentration of its heavy metal ion.
Detecting through Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, result is as shown in Figure 1.When pH value between 1 and 2 time, Cr6+Clearance reach peak 99.34%, but afterwards, pH value gradually rises, Cr6+Removal effect start reduce, as pH=7, clearance have decreased to 63.54%.And in contrast, along with pH value raises, Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+Clearance raise rapidly, when pH is 1～2, clearance is very low, less than 10%, once pH >=3, Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+Clearance just dramatically increase, until pH when being 4～6, reaches maximum, respectively 82.38%, 60.57%, 48.75.When pH is 4～6 to aqueous solution in the adsorption rate of heavy metal the highest, it can be seen that the heavy metal in water is had stronger absorbability by acorn nut polyphenol under pH conveniently.
Embodiment 5:
(1) by the Cr of initial concentration respectively 10mg/L6+、Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+The each 200mL of solution is in 250mL conical flask.
(2) take respectively containing lead, chromium, zinc, copper each 7 parts of heavy metal aqueous solution, be used that NaOH and HCl regulate Cr6+、Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+The pH=5 of heavy metal aqueous solution, being then respectively adding content is 0.60mg/mL acorn nut polyphenol extract, cover solution when glass cover prevents from vibrating to spill, conical flask is put in agitator, control temperature under 30 DEG C of conditions, with the rate oscillation 48h of 180r/min, midway selects different time, 1h, 2h, 3h, 4h, 6h, 12h, 24h, 48h to stand and take supernatant, then by 0.45 μm of membrane filtration the concentration measuring heavy metal ion.
Detecting through Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, result is as in figure 2 it is shown, the removal efficiency of acorn nut polyphenol heavy metal ion is almost with form of straight lines rapid increase in the first two hour, to Cr6+、Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+Clearance can reach 75.79%, 62.53%, 46.45%, 31.79% respectively, four heavy metal species ion Cr after 4h6+、Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+Absorption basically reached adsorption equilibrium state, clearance maximum respectively 99.11%, 81.25%, 49.56%, 41.85%.What the adsorption of acorn nut polyphenol heavy metal ion compared stablizes, and is difficult to desorption.This characteristic of acorn nut polyphenol has important value in practical application, its application prospect also can ratio wide.
Embodiment 6:
(1) by the Cr of initial concentration respectively 10mg/L6+、Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+The each 200mL of solution is respectively placed in 250mL conical flask.
(2) take respectively containing lead, chromium, zinc, copper each 6 parts of heavy metal aqueous solution, the pH=5 of solution is regulated with NaOH and HCl, then it is separately added into, containing the solution of same metal ion, the acorn nut polyphenol extract that content is 0.30mg/mL, 0.45mg/mL, 0.60mg/mL, 0.75mg/mL, 0.9mg/mL, 1.05mg/mL, cover solution when glass cover prevents from vibrating to spill, conical flask is put in agitator, control temperature under 30 DEG C of conditions, continuously carry out vibration 2h, after taking-up, measure the concentration of heavy metal ion.
Detecting through Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, testing result is as it is shown on figure 3, along with the increase of acorn nut polyphenol consumption, the clearance of heavy metal ion all presents the trend of increase, and adsorbance is in the trend being gradually reduced, and finally tends to balance.When the consumption of acorn nut polyphenol is increased to 0.75mg/mL by 0.30mg/mL, Cr6+And Pb2+Clearance increased 95.53% and 83.35% by 69.36% and 63.58% respectively, enter the mild stage afterwards；Cu2+、Zn2+Clearance along with the increase of adsorbent amount present always the variation tendency maximum material removal rate of steadily rising respectively 68.79% and 48.78% but the unit adsorbance of polyphenol substance gradually decrease.Wherein when 0.45mg/mL to four heavy metal species Cr6+、Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+The increase trend of clearance the most obvious, clearance respectively 84.95%, 68.56%, 44.68%, 30.05%.As can be seen here when heavy metal ion adsorbed reach certain saturation time, continue to increase adsorbent amount, clearance is without becoming big, and this makes the adsorbance of unit mass adsorbent be gradually reduced on the contrary.So the consumption of adsorbent is too much, not only will not increase clearance, the adsorption rate of the adsorbent of unit mass can be made on the contrary to reduce, cause the waste of adsorbent.Therefore when the polyphenol concentration added is 0.45mg/mL, the adsorption rate of heavy metal and the utilization rate of polyphenol are the highest.Heavy metal in aqueous solution is had stronger absorbability by acorn nut polyphenol as can be seen here.

Claims (10)

1. the application of acorn nut polyphenol extract, it is characterised in that: it is applied to remove the heavy metal ion in aqueous solution as heavy metal absorbent.
2. the application of acorn nut polyphenol extract according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pH of described aqueous solution is 4～6, and heavy metal ion content is 5～50mg/L.
3. the application of acorn nut polyphenol extract according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described heavy metal ion includes Cr6+、Pb2+、Cd2+、Zn2+、Cu2+In at least one.
4. the application of acorn nut polyphenol extract according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described acorn nut polyphenol extract addition in aqueous is 0.3～0.6mg/mL.
5. the application of the acorn nut polyphenol extract according to claim 1,2 or 4, it is characterized in that: acorn nut polyphenol extract is added in the aqueous solution containing heavy metal ion, at 25～35 DEG C of temperature, after stirring or vibration 1～4h, adopt 0.45 μm of membrane filtration, the aqueous solution of heavy metal must be removed.
6. the application of acorn nut polyphenol extract according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described acorn nut polyphenol extract obtains by the following method: acorn nut adopts cellulase and pectase compound enzyme carry out enzymolysis, enzymatic hydrolysate is extracted by Microwave-Assisted Ethanol solution, gained extracting solution is after evaporation and concentration, it is dissolved in water, employing ultrafilter membrane is purified, and to obtain final product.
7. the application of acorn nut polyphenol extract according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:
The addition of described cellulase and pectase compound enzyme is the 1～2% of acorn nut quality；
The mass ratio of described cellulase and pectase compound enzyme cellulase and pectase is (2～3): 1；
Described hydrolysis temperature is 55～65 DEG C, and enzymolysis time is 30～40min.
8. the application of acorn nut polyphenol extract according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: enzymatic hydrolysate with the alcoholic solution that mass percent concentration is 55～65% by solid-liquid ratio 1g:(20～30) mL mixes, when microwave power is 200～400W and temperature is 55～65 DEG C, after extracting 15～30min, filter, obtain filtrate I and filtering residue；Gained filtering residue extracts according to the extraction process of above-mentioned enzymatic hydrolysate, obtains filtrate II；Merging filtrate I and filtrate II, be evaporated concentration.
9. the application of acorn nut polyphenol extract according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described being purified by retaining the ultrafilter membrane that molecule is 100kDa and realize, purification condition is: temperature is 25～35 DEG C, pressure is 0.1～0.2MPa.
10. the application of acorn nut polyphenol extract according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described acorn nut is through cleaning, dry, pulverizing and screening and removing impurities pretreatment.
CN201610391991.XA 2016-06-06 2016-06-06 Application of acorn polyphenol extract Pending CN105800726A (en)

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CN109880437A (en) * 2019-03-22 2019-06-14 山东大学 It is a kind of based on the recyclable coloration method of metal-polyphenol network structure

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109880437A (en) * 2019-03-22 2019-06-14 山东大学 It is a kind of based on the recyclable coloration method of metal-polyphenol network structure
CN109880437B (en) * 2019-03-22 2022-03-11 山东大学 Recyclable color development method based on metal-polyphenol network structure

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Application publication date: 20160727