CN105794543A - Closed type air and water agricultural system - Google Patents
Closed type air and water agricultural system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105794543A CN105794543A CN201610224757.8A CN201610224757A CN105794543A CN 105794543 A CN105794543 A CN 105794543A CN 201610224757 A CN201610224757 A CN 201610224757A CN 105794543 A CN105794543 A CN 105794543A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/18—Greenhouses for treating plants with carbon dioxide or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/28—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from humid air
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a closed type air and water agricultural system which comprises an agricultural greenhouse, a carbon dioxide providing source and a water collecting device.The agricultural greenhouse is provided with a closed chamber, at least part of the circumferential wall of the chamber is made of a light-transmittance material, and a light-transmittance material part is structured to form a temperature difference between the interior and exterior of the chamber.The carbon dioxide providing source is arranged in the chamber so as to provide carbon dioxide for plants in the chamber to grow.The water collecting device and the interior of the chamber are connected so as to collect condensate water formed due to the inside and outside temperature difference.According to the closed type air and water agricultural system, vaporous water obtained through soil evaporation and plant transpiration in farmland can be prevented from directly entering the free atmosphere and is condensed, liquefied and recycled inside the system, and cyclic utilization of water for the farmland is achieved; the carbon dioxide providing source is arranged in the chamber so as to guarantee the supply of carbon dioxide needed by plant photosynthesis, sustained development of agriculture is achieved with extremely-low water resource consumption, water resources are saved, and the environment is protected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural irrigation technology, especially relate to a kind of closed type air water agricultural system.
Background technology
Air water agricultural system is that the large scale water circulation model that current agricultural depends on weather system is changed into the water circulation model at Field Scale.Namely it is that the vaporous water in air on farmland is converted into liquid irrigation water, releases the water resource restriction to agricultural production.In practice, especially Arid desert region, the in addition recycling of the vaporous water of mainly that farmland ecosystem self is rising and evaporation, realize sustainable agriculture with minimum water resources consumption and produce.Therefore how to utilize environmental condition to realize rising and evaporation vaporous water being condensed and is carried out by condensed water effective recycling to become air water agricultural system and moved towards practical key by concept.
Summary of the invention
The application is based on inventor to the discovery of following facts and problem and what understanding was made:
The air water agricultural system of correlation technique discloses two kinds of modes gathering condensed water: the first is to adopt soil horizon air is lowered the temperature and then collects the condensation water of its generation, the second is to utilize multiple heat exchange (such as air-air, Air-Water or compressor etc.) that the air containing evaporation with rising steam carries out cooling formation to condense water, then implements water smoke interception to improve moisture organic efficiency.
For the first acquisition mode, inventor finds through substantial amounts of experiment, in the process of heat exchange, Near Pipelines soil horizon temperature raises rapidly, owing to soil horizon temperature is relatively stable, the temperature reducing rate of the soil after therefore heating up is slow, thus temperature and ground temperature gap can quickly reduce, cause utilizing soil horizon to air cooling-down vegetation period most time in lost efficacy.
For the second acquisition mode, inventor finds through substantial amounts of experiment, and this kind of acquisition mode has following deficiency: one is that moisture recovery link is sufficiently complex, not easily operates.Two is that water smoke intercepting efficiency becomes positive correlation with energy consumption, it is difficult to reduce operating cost.Three is that system keeps air exchange with extraneous, certainly exists loss of moist, contains the increment of carbon dioxide in phase system at crop photosynthesis and only also not necessarily be disclosure satisfy that photosynthesis demand by inside and outside gas exchange.Therefore rely only on water smoke to intercept and realize water circulation, current technically, be difficult to meet on cost and in operability and fully realize sustainable agriculture in arid areas such as deserts and produce.
It is contemplated that one of technical problem solved at least to a certain extent in correlation technique.For this, the present invention proposes a kind of to realize the closed type air water agricultural system that water resource in agricultural greenhouse recycles.
Closed type air water agricultural system according to embodiments of the present invention, including: agricultural greenhouse, described agricultural greenhouse has the chamber of closing, and the perisporium of described chamber is at least part of for light transmissive material part, and described light transmissive material part is constructed such that inside and outside described chamber to be formed with temperature difference；Carbon dioxide provides source, and described carbon dioxide provides source to be located in described chamber to provide carbon dioxide to the growth of described chamber implants；Water collecting device, the vaporous water that described water collecting device is connected with described chamber to collect in described chamber condenses the aqueous water of formation under internal-external temperature difference effect.
Closed type air water agricultural system according to embodiments of the present invention, by agricultural greenhouse is arranged to closure, to prevent evaporation and rising vaporous water to be out directly entered free atmosphere, make there is the temperature difference so that the vaporous water in agricultural greenhouse is carried out condensation liquefaction inside and outside chamber by the light transmissive material part arranged, the aqueous water that above-mentioned condensation liquefaction obtains is reclaimed by water collecting device, and this aqueous water is applied in agricultural greenhouse again for plant growing, it is achieved thereby that the recycling of farmland-use water, arrange carbon dioxide in chamber provides source to ensure the supply of carbon dioxide simultaneously, the sustainable development of agricultural is realized with few water resources consumption, save water resource and environment has been played a protective role.
Specifically, described light transmissive material part is light-transmissive film or glass.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the perisporium of described chamber is connected to heat exchange material part.
Alternatively, described heat exchange material part is at least one in transmission element, sheet metal and heat pipe.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, described air water agricultural system also includes the power set for promoting described chamber air to flow.
Alternatively, described power set are blower fan.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, described air water agricultural system also includes air inlet lines, air goes out pipe and heat-exchange device, the inlet side of described heat-exchange device is by air inlet lines and described chamber, and the air side of described heat-exchange device goes out pipe and described chamber by air.
Specifically, described heat-exchange device includes air-air heat exchanger, and described air-air heat exchanger includes the cross air flue of mutual heat exchange, and the two ends in one of them air channel go out pipe with described air inlet lines and described air respectively and are connected.
Specifically, described heat-exchange device includes water-gas-heat exchanger, and described water-gas-heat exchanger includes air channel and the water pipe of mutual heat exchange, and the two ends in described air channel go out pipe with described air inlet lines and described air respectively and are connected.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, being provided with cultivation matrix in described chamber, described cultivation matrix has impervious barrier.
Further, the drainage arrangement for discharging the part water exceeding the amount of water required in described cultivation matrix it is provided with in described chamber.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, being provided with the collection rain device for collecting rainwater outside described chamber, described collection rain device is connected with the irrigation system in described chamber.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, adopt and stack the organic materials decomposing release carbon dioxide and microorganism as the carbon dioxide offer source needed for described chamber implants.
In some embodiments of the invention, burning carbonaceous material is adopted to provide source as the carbon dioxide needed for described chamber implants.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of air water agricultural system according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that inventor utilizes soil horizon cooling to collect the relation schematic diagram of the soil moisture and time when condensing water.
Accompanying drawing labelling:
Closed type air water agricultural system 100,
Agricultural greenhouse 1, chamber 11, carbon dioxide provides source 2, and water collecting device 3, heat-exchange device 4, air inlet lines 41, air goes out pipe 42, cultivation matrix 5, impervious barrier 6.
Detailed description of the invention
Being described below in detail embodiments of the invention, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings.The embodiment described below with reference to accompanying drawing is illustrative of, it is intended to is used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In describing the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward ", " clockwise ", " counterclockwise ", " axially ", " radially ", orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " circumference " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, it is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description, rather than the device of instruction or hint indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not considered as limiting the invention.
Additionally, term " first ", " second " are only for descriptive purposes, and it is not intended that indicate or imply relative importance or the implicit quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define " first ", the feature of " second " can express or implicitly include at least one this feature.In describing the invention, " multiple " are meant that at least two, for instance two, three etc., unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the term such as term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection ", " fixing " should be interpreted broadly, for instance, it is possible to it is fixing connection, it is also possible to be removably connect, or integral；Can be mechanically connected, it is also possible to be electrical connection or each other can communication；Can be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, it is possible to be connection or the interaction relationship of two elements of two element internals, unless otherwise clear and definite restriction.For the ordinary skill in the art, it is possible to understand above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention as the case may be.
The air water agricultural system of correlation technique discloses two kinds of modes gathering condensed water: the first is to adopt soil horizon air is lowered the temperature and then collects the condensation water of its generation, the second is to utilize multiple heat exchange (such as air-air, Air-Water or compressor etc.) that the air containing evaporation with rising steam carries out cooling formation to condense water, then implements water smoke interception to improve moisture organic efficiency.
For the first acquisition mode: in October, 2014, inventor carries out soil-air heat exchange experiment at Zhongweiof Ningxia, northwest China.Metallic conduit is imbedded 1.2 meters of depth underground, carries out heat exchange with water for medium.As in figure 2 it is shown, started experiment from October 24, it has been found that Near Pipelines soil horizon temperature raises rapidly.Within the 4 day short time, inventor have found that a day highest temperature increases 5 DEG C, Daily minimum temperature also increases 2 DEG C.Owing to soil horizon temperature is relatively stable, temperature reducing rate is slow, in the single cropping period of duration more than 90 days, owing to temperature and ground temperature gap can quickly reduce, causes utilizing soil horizon to inefficacy in air cooling-down most time in period of duration.As can be seen here, what propose in correlation technique utilizes the persistence of soil horizon cool-down method to be difficult to be protected at provided underground pipeline.
Additionally correlation technique (patent No. is 02240122.9) proposes the interception measure of effective water smoke, but is vented directly in air by temperature room air.And inventor finds through great many of experiments, air is after pipeline is lowered the temperature, and the overwhelming majority is with trickle water smoke form and air-flow hybrid motion and is directly entered air, it is possible to the ratio retaining and being formed effective irrigation water is non-normally low.Therefore soil horizon and the mode of pipeline heat exchange is adopted to gather the practicality condensing water not enough.
For the second acquisition mode: inventor finds through substantial amounts of experiment, and this kind of acquisition mode has following deficiency: one is that moisture recovery link is sufficiently complex, not easily operates.Two is that water smoke intercepting efficiency becomes positive correlation with energy consumption, it is difficult to reduce operating cost.Three is system keeps air exchange with extraneous, intercepts realize water circulation if relying only on water smoke, actually is all difficult to fully realize what sustainable agriculture produced in arid areas such as deserts on current technical, cost and in operability.
Based on the problems referred to above, inventor finds through substantial amounts of experiment, enclosed air water agricultural system is adopted to solve system loss of moist problem, by avoiding high temperature season, suitable material pieces is installed and improves condensation and the collection efficiency of vaporous water, it is possible to achieve the sustainable agriculture in desert area produces.When heat exchange material part efficiency is sufficiently high, it is possible to realize sustainable agriculture under unpowered condition and produce.
Below with reference to Fig. 1, closed type air water agricultural system 100 according to embodiments of the present invention is described.
With reference to Fig. 1, closed type air water agricultural system 100 according to embodiments of the present invention, provide source 2 and water collecting device 3 including agricultural greenhouse 1, carbon dioxide.Wherein, air water is vaporous water contained in air.
Specifically, agricultural greenhouse 1 has the chamber 11 of closing, and carbon dioxide provides source 2 to be located in chamber 11.Arrange by being undertaken agricultural greenhouse 1 closing, undertaken airtight by whole crop-planting space, thus evaporation in agricultural greenhouse 1 and rising vaporous water out can be completely cut off with natural atmosphere, to prevent or to reduce the moisture of internal system with outside gaseous state or liquid form be discharged into system, for the recovery of vaporous water with recycle the condition providing good.
The perisporium of chamber 11 is set to light transmissive material part at least partially, and owing to light transmissive material part allows the photosynthetically active radiation of the sun to enter in chamber 11, therefore light transmissive material part is constructed such that inside and outside chamber 11 to be formed with the temperature difference.
Utilize the temperature difference having inside and outside chamber 11, it is possible to after making the vaporous water in chamber 11 run into light transmissive material part, condensation liquefaction is aqueous water.It follows that light transmissive material part is heat exchange medium.Alternatively, light transmissive material part can be light-transmissive film, working of plastics, glass workpiece etc., but is not limited to this.In the concrete example of the present invention, light transmissive material part can be light-transmissive film or the glass etc. of good heat preservation performance, be beneficial to cold season be crop insulation.In other concrete examples of the present invention, light transmissive material part can be to the light transmittance of photosynthetically active radiation wave band (wavelength is 380～710 nanometers) high but to materials such as the high film of other wave band radiant energy stop rate or glass, be beneficial to outside air temperature higher time crop can normal photosynthesis and be not subject to high temperature stress.
Water collecting device 3 is connected with chamber 11 and condenses the aqueous water of formation with the vaporous water in collection chamber 11 under internal-external temperature difference effect, that is, water collecting device 3 is used for collecting aqueous water, and this aqueous water is that the vaporous water in chamber 11 condenses formation under internal-external temperature difference effect.Preferably, water collecting device 3 is located in chamber 11.Of course, it should be understood that water collecting device 3 can also be located at outside chamber 11, as long as water collecting device 3 can collect above-mentioned aqueous water.
Specifically, the heat in chamber 11 can be conducted to system by light transmissive material part, and its principle is that after solar radiation entrance system, part long-wave radiation cannot pass through light transmissive material part, causes that the temperature in chamber 11 is higher than extraneous temperature.Rise after air heats in chamber 11, lower the temperature after meeting colder light transmissive material part and sink, thus can form the circulation of intrasystem air.Meanwhile, vaporous water condenses on light transmissive material part becomes aqueous water, and this aqueous water can pass through water collecting device 3 and be collected, and the Water Cycle that thus can realize internal system utilizes.It addition, the vaporous water in chamber 11 is condensed into aqueous water, it is also possible to reduce the relative humidity in chamber 11, maintain the leaf transpiration motive force of plant, ensure root system of plant moisture water absorbing capacity.
Can condensed water that water collecting device 3 is collected be applied in agricultural greenhouse 1 for plant growing by modes such as traditional flood irrigation, sprinkling irrigation, drip irrigation, under-film drip irrigations again, it is achieved thereby that the recycling of farmland-use water.
Carbon dioxide provides source 2 to be located in chamber 11 to provide carbon dioxide to the growth of chamber 11 implants.It is understood that owing to agricultural greenhouse 1 is airtight, it is necessary to provide enough carbon dioxide to maintain normal photosynthesis for plant growing, and provide source 2 by arranging carbon dioxide in chamber 11, it is possible to ensure the supply of carbon dioxide.
Wherein it is understandable that, any means can be adopted to provide carbon dioxide to chamber 11, such as, the organic materials stacking decomposition release carbon dioxide and microorganism can be adopted to provide source 2 as the main carbon dioxide that the growth of chamber 11 implants is required, can pass through to control humidity and the carbon-nitrogen ratio etc. of organic materials, regulating the decomposition rate of the proliferative speed of microorganism, activity and organic materials, ensure the supply of carbon dioxide, wherein organic materials can be the materials such as straw, excrement material, wood flour.Again such as, the soil of agricultural greenhouse 1 applies fertilizer, utilize the carbon dioxide that Organic carbon decomposition effect is produced by soil microorganism to provide source 2 as carbon dioxide.Again such as, the carbon dioxide that the carbonaceous material that burns in chamber 11 produces provides source 2 as carbon dioxide, and wherein carbonaceous material can DIC, petrochemical material, Linesless charcoal, coal and natural gas etc..Again such as, utilizing ammonium hydrogen carbonate to generate ammonium sulfate (chemical fertilizer main component) and carbon dioxide with sulfuric acid reaction, the carbon dioxide that wherein chemical reaction produces can use by feed system.Again for example, it is possible to utilize the carbon dioxide (i.e. dry ice) of industrial products liquid carbon dioxide or solid-state to provide source 2 etc. directly as carbon dioxide.The above-mentioned carbon dioxide enumerated provides source 2 can be used alone, it is also possible to the use of.
Needing here to illustrate, this closed type air water agricultural system 100 also non-fully stops to carry out air and exchange of moisture with the external world.This closed type air water agricultural system 100 allows for solar radiation and enters driving photosynthesis of plant, allows also to external source and enters, allows also to carry out energy exchange with the external world.Such as, in cultivation management process, labourer passes in and out agricultural greenhouse 1 and can cause that system inner air and outer air exchanges, and can suitably open chamber 11 when temperature is too high in chamber 11, outwardly direct discharges heat etc..But most times need to maintain system lock, to maintain Water Cycle utilization.
nullClosed type air water agricultural system 100 according to embodiments of the present invention，By agricultural greenhouse 1 is arranged to closure，To prevent soil evaporation in farmland and plant transpiration vaporous water to be out directly entered free atmosphere，Make there is the temperature difference so that the vaporous water in agricultural greenhouse 1 is carried out condensation liquefaction inside and outside chamber 11 by the light transmissive material part arranged，The aqueous water that above-mentioned condensation liquefaction obtains is reclaimed by water collecting device 3，And this aqueous water is applied to again in agricultural greenhouse 1 for plant growing，Just realize vaporous water being carried out condensation liquefaction and recycling in internal system，It is achieved thereby that the recycling of farmland-use water，Arrange carbon dioxide in chamber 11 provides source 2 to ensure the carbon dioxide supply needed for photosynthesis of plant simultaneously，The sustainable development of agricultural is realized with few water resources consumption，Save water resource and environment has been played a protective role.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the perisporium of chamber 11 is connected to heat exchange material part, it is preferable that the part removing light transmissive material part of the perisporium of chamber 11 is provided with heat exchange material part.Thus, improve the condensation rate of vaporous water, to reduce relative humidity in chamber 11, maintain the aridity of chamber 11 environment, to ensure the normal transpiration of plant, when temperature in chamber 11 is too high simultaneously, efficient heat exchange can be carried out with the external world by heat exchange material part, such that it is able to outside heat unnecessary in system is discharged into system, and then the temperature in chamber 11 can be made to be maintained in the temperature range needed for plant normal growth.It is to say, heat exchange material part is also heat exchange medium.Alternatively, heat exchange material part can be at least one in transmission element, sheet metal (such as aluminium foil) and heat pipe.
When light transmissive material part is the transparent material materials and parts with low temperature chamber effect, such as these transparent material materials and parts with low temperature chamber effect can pass through to prevent or reduce long-wave radiation and enter closed type air water agricultural system 100, the efficiency of its exterior can also be penetrated into by increasing the long-wave radiation of internal system, the temperature in chamber 11 thus can be made when not adopting power to lower the temperature slightly higher than ambient temperature, and the temperature in chamber 11 can be maintained in the temperature required scope of plant normal growth simultaneously.Owing to there is the outer cold temperature difference of interior-heat, light transmissive material part can become the place condensing water generation, collecting and recycle.When ambient temperature is too low, can suitable additional thermal insulating material materials and parts, it is prevented that plant generation freeze injury.
And when light transmissive material part is the transparent material materials and parts with hot room effect, closed type air water agricultural system 100 is brought rapidly up under solar radiation effect.When the temperature in chamber 11 is close to the ceiling temperature of plant growing, outside can utilizing heat exchange material part (sheet metal or the heat pipe such as such as aluminium foil) that waste heat is discharged into system, so that the temperature in chamber 11 is maintained in the temperature range needed for plant normal growth.Now, the inside and outside temperature difference of agricultural greenhouse 1 can make the surface of light transmissive material part and heat exchange material part produce to condense water, and constantly reclaims these condensation water by water collecting device 3, it is achieved the Water Cycle of internal system utilizes.When ambient temperature reduces further, the heat that the part that can use thermal insulation material outwards discharges with reduction system, it is prevented that plant generation freeze injury.
Owing to chamber 11 inner air of enclosed flows faint, air is little with heat exchange medium exposure, can suitably increase air flowing in power accelerating system.Therefore according to some embodiments of the present invention, closed type air water agricultural system 100 also includes power set for promoting the flowing of air in chamber 11 (not shown go out).Thus, it is possible to promote flowing and the heat exchange of air in chamber 11, such that it is able to promote that the Water Cycle in chamber 11 is recycled.Such as, utilize power set that the air in chamber 11 can be driven to flow towards light transmissive material part or heat exchange material part, the air quantity that increase unit interval iuuminting material pieces or heat exchange material part contact, heat exchanger effectiveness inside and outside raising system, such that it is able to accelerate the recycling of moisture in chamber 11.
It should be noted that, the power set adopted with traditional air water agricultural system are (such as, compressor) compare, the power set that this closed type air water agricultural system 100 adopts, can be have only to drive the air in chamber 11 to flow by the power that energy consumption is very low, accelerate heat exchange, promote the recycling of moisture.Alternatively, power set can be blower fan, and this blower fan can by driven by power, it is also possible to by extraneous wind drive.Also need to illustrate, when the heat exchange medium of closed type air water agricultural system 100 has higher heat-exchange capacity, it is possible to only in the chamber 11 closed, arrange power set to drive air to flow towards heat exchange medium.
In order to save heat exchange medium (such as light transmissive material part or heat exchange material part) material requested, air in chamber 11 is driven into specific heat exchange area and carries out heat exchange by available power set, therefore in some embodiments of the invention, with reference to Fig. 1, closed type air water agricultural system 100 also includes air inlet lines 41, air goes out pipe 42 and heat-exchange device 4, the inlet side of heat-exchange device 4 is connected with chamber 11 by air inlet lines 41, and the air side of heat-exchange device 4 goes out pipe 42 by air and connects with chamber 11.Thus, utilizing power set that the air in chamber 11 can be driven to be entered by air inlet lines 41 and carry out heat exchange in heat-exchange device 4, reject heat to outside system, wherein the water-setting of gaseous state forms condensed water.Air after heat exchange goes out pipe 42 together with condensed water by air and returns in chamber 11, in order to this condensed water is recycled.So can omit water smoke and intercept link, it is prevented that the moisture in closed type air water agricultural system 100 is discharged in ambient atmosphere environment, and can maintain the water balance of system.
It is understandable that, heat-exchange device 4 can be any structure, for instance, heat-exchange device 4 can include air-air heat exchanger, air-air heat exchanger includes the cross air flue of mutual heat exchange, and the two ends in one of them air channel go out pipe 42 with air inlet lines 41 and air respectively and are connected.Specifically, the air that in chamber 11, temperature is higher passes in one of them air channel of air-air heat exchanger by air inlet lines 41, in another air channel of air-air heat exchanger, flowing is the relatively low cold air of temperature, above-mentioned cold air carries out heat exchange with the air of discharge in chamber 11 in the cross air flue of air-air heat exchanger, thereby through cold air, the air discharged in chamber 11 is lowered the temperature, vaporous water cooling in the process air of heat exchange condenses into condensed water, air after heat exchange goes out pipe 42 together with condensed water by air and returns in chamber 11, this condensed water is recycled, can promote that the air in chamber 11 circulates simultaneously.
Again such as, heat-exchange device 4 can include water-gas-heat exchanger, and water-gas-heat exchanger includes air channel and the water pipe of mutual heat exchange, and the two ends in air channel go out pipe 42 with air inlet lines 41 and air respectively and are connected.Specifically, the air that in chamber 11, temperature is higher passes in the air channel of water-gas-heat exchanger by air inlet lines 41, the water Bottomhole pressure of water-gas-heat exchanger is the relatively low aqueous water of temperature, enter into from the air of chamber 11 discharge in the air channel of water-gas-heat exchanger to carry out heat exchange with the aqueous water in water pipe, thus reducing the temperature of air to form cold air, air after heat exchange goes out pipe 42 together with condensed water by air and returns in chamber 11, this condensed water is recycled, sink owing to temperature reduces through the air of heat exchange simultaneously, can promote that the air in chamber 11 circulates.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, with reference to Fig. 1, being additionally provided with cultivation matrix 5 (such as soil) in chamber 11, cultivation matrix 5 has impervious barrier 6.By the impervious barrier 6 arranged, the water being possible to prevent in cultivation matrix 5 on the one hand leaks into underground and causes system moisture imbalance, is possible to prevent the salinization of soil of cultivation matrix 5 on the other hand.
Further, the drainage arrangement for discharging the part water exceeding the amount of water required in cultivation matrix 5 it is provided with in chamber 11.Thus, it is possible to prevent cultivation matrix 5 moisture supersaturation and affect the root system development of plant.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, being provided with collection rain device for collecting rainwater (not shown go out) outside chamber 11, collection rain device is connected with the irrigation system in chamber 11.Thus, it is possible to be used for supplementing the moisture needed for plant growing by the rainwater that collection rain device is collected, improve the utilization rate of water resource further.
In the description of this specification, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means in conjunction with this embodiment or example describe are contained at least one embodiment or the example of the present invention.In this manual, the schematic representation of above-mentioned term is necessarily directed to identical embodiment or example.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in one or more embodiments in office or example in an appropriate manner.Additionally, when not conflicting, the feature of the different embodiments described in this specification or example and different embodiment or example can be carried out combining and combining by those skilled in the art.
Although above it has been shown and described that embodiments of the invention, it is understandable that, above-described embodiment is illustrative of, it is impossible to be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, and above-described embodiment can be changed, revises, replace and modification by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (14)
1. a closed type air water agricultural system, it is characterised in that including:
Agricultural greenhouse, described agricultural greenhouse has the chamber of closing, and the perisporium of described chamber is at least part of for light transmissive material part, and described light transmissive material part is constructed such that inside and outside described chamber to be formed with temperature difference；
Carbon dioxide provides source, and described carbon dioxide provides source to be located in described chamber to provide carbon dioxide to the growth of described chamber implants；
Water collecting device, the vaporous water that described water collecting device is connected with described chamber to collect in described chamber condenses the aqueous water of formation under internal-external temperature difference effect.
2. closed type air water agricultural system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described light transmissive material part is light-transmissive film or glass.
3. closed type air water agricultural system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the perisporium of described chamber is connected to heat exchange material part.
4. closed type air water agricultural system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described heat exchange material part is at least one in transmission element, sheet metal and heat pipe.
5. closed type air water agricultural system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include the power set for promoting described chamber air to flow.
6. closed type air water agricultural system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described power set are blower fan.
7. closed type air water agricultural system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, also include air inlet lines, air goes out pipe and heat-exchange device, the inlet side of described heat-exchange device is by air inlet lines and described chamber, and the air side of described heat-exchange device goes out pipe and described chamber by air.
8. closed type air water agricultural system according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described heat-exchange device includes air-air heat exchanger, described air-air heat exchanger includes the cross air flue of mutual heat exchange, and the two ends in one of them air channel go out pipe with described air inlet lines and described air respectively and are connected.
9. closed type air water agricultural system according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described heat-exchange device includes water-gas-heat exchanger, and described water-gas-heat exchanger includes air channel and the water pipe of mutual heat exchange, and the two ends in described air channel go out pipe with described air inlet lines and described air respectively and are connected.
10. closed type air water agricultural system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that being provided with cultivation matrix in described chamber, described cultivation matrix has impervious barrier.
11. closed type air water agricultural system according to claim 10, it is characterised in that be provided with the drainage arrangement for discharging the part water exceeding the amount of water required in described cultivation matrix in described chamber.
12. closed type air water agricultural system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that being provided with the collection rain device for collecting rainwater outside described chamber, described collection rain device is connected with the irrigation system in described chamber.
13. the closed type air water agricultural system according to any one of claim 1-12, it is characterised in that adopt and stack the organic materials decomposing release carbon dioxide and microorganism as the carbon dioxide offer source needed for described chamber implants.
14. the closed type air water agricultural system according to any one of claim 1-12, it is characterised in that adopt burning carbonaceous material to provide source as the carbon dioxide needed for described chamber implants.
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| CN201610224757.8A CN105794543A (en) | 2016-04-12 | 2016-04-12 | Closed type air and water agricultural system |
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| CN201610224757.8A CN105794543A (en) | 2016-04-12 | 2016-04-12 | Closed type air and water agricultural system |
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| CN108633718A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-10-12 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | The device that plant moisture recycles under a kind of microgravity environment |
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Application publication date: 20160727 |