JP3295056B2 - Greenhouse - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a greenhouse such as a greenhouse using solar heat collecting panels.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional greenhouse, the temperature of the room may be too high and the humidity may be too high, causing diseases such as rot of the buttocks and adversely affecting the health of workers. Also, in cold regions such as Hokkaido, the soil temperature rises only at the surface layer, so the temperature difference between day and night is large, requiring a large amount of auxiliary fuel and auxiliary equipment.

In the first place, plants absorb water from the roots and evaporate from the leaves to obtain not only the essential component of the plant from the soil, but also to suppress the rise in temperature due to the transpiration of heat from the leaves, and to increase the photosynthesis of chloroplasts. Efficiency is maintained at a high level. If the humidity in the greenhouse becomes too high and transpiration is insufficient, not only can minerals not be taken up, but also the temperature of the leaves will increase and photosynthetic efficiency will decrease, posing a danger to plant life activities. Results.

[0004] The need for opening and closing windows, forced ventilation, and sometimes a dehumidifier in conventional greenhouses is the result of the greenhouse body structure focusing only on temperature. From this, it can be seen that a breeze is also important in the room for moving water vapor on the leaf surface.

[0005] Therefore, the present inventors first heated the outside air through a solar heat collecting panel in the daytime, passed through a mesh pipe buried in the soil, radiated heat in the soil, and then released the soil into the greenhouse. Utilizing the large heat capacity of the room to suppress excessive temperature changes in the room. At the same time, since the steam generated by the introduction of the outside air and the outflow from the gap is discharged to the outside, a rise in indoor humidity is suppressed and a breeze is generated. As a result, we filed a Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 9-15964 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-6656) for a greenhouse that can provide appropriate temperature and humidity to crops and improve the working environment of workers.

As shown in FIG. 20, a greenhouse 1 made of a frame 1a and a transparent film or a plate made of vinyl 3 or the like is connected to a heating means using a solar heat collecting device 4 and to the heat collecting device 4. And a heat storage circulating means by a circulating pipe for supplying hot air to the greenhouse and storing heat in the soil of the greenhouse. The heat collecting device 4 is provided on the southern slope of the roof 2.
A plurality of solar heat collecting panels 12 are arranged in parallel in the greenhouse 1 inside the roof 2. The size of the heat collecting panel 12 is arbitrarily determined according to the structure and scale of the greenhouse 1, and is installed so that it can be removed when unnecessary.

A heat storage circulating means is provided which is connected to the heat collecting device 4 to supply hot air into the greenhouse 1 and store heat in the soil of the greenhouse. This heat storage circulation means
A heat collection tube 15 having a suction port 16 opened to the exhaust port 11 of the heat collection panel 12, a falling air pipe 17 connected to the heat collection pipe 15 and being piped along a side wall in the greenhouse, and a falling air pipe 17
Underground pipe 18 is a lower horizontal pipe buried in the soil connected to
And a blower pipe rising from the soil connected to the soil pipe 18
It consists of 19.

The heat collecting tube 15 is disposed horizontally inside the top of the roof 2 of the wife type, and a suction port 16 is formed at a position corresponding to the exhaust port 11 of the heat collecting panel 12 in the longitudinal direction. Exhaust port 11
And the suction port 16 may be separated as shown,
You can also connect directly. In addition, falling air duct 17
Connects the upper end opening to the center lower part of the heat collecting tube 15, opens another suction port 30 below the intermediate height position of the falling blower pipe 17, and electrically connects below the suction port 30 Attach the blower fan 20.

An underground pipe 18 as a heat storage pipe is provided with a ridge 21 in the greenhouse 1.
One main pipe 18a was connected to the center in a direction orthogonal to the main pipe 18a, and a plurality of branch pipes 18b were connected in parallel with the ridge 21 so as to be located between the ridges 21 from both sides of the main pipe 18a. The end of the branch pipe 18b has a length reaching the side of the greenhouse 1. Rising air pipe
Numerals 19 are provided at the ends of the branch pipes 18b, respectively, and open the outlet 25 at the upper end to the lower part in the greenhouse 1.

A heat insulation panel 26 for preventing heat radiation in winter is detachably provided on the northern roof 2 and the side wall of the greenhouse 1, and heat insulation panels 27 and 28 for preventing heat radiation at night are provided on the side wall of the greenhouse 1. At an appropriate position such as a portion below a middle position in the height direction of the greenhouse 1 and a horizontal middle portion of the space in the greenhouse 1. Urethane foam, styrene foam, or the like is used as a material for the heat insulating panels 26 to 28. In the drawing, reference numeral 29 denotes a locking member for the heat insulating panel 28 provided at the horizontal intermediate portion.

Next, the operation will be described. If the temperature inside the greenhouse 1 cannot be maintained at a predetermined value simply by blocking the air with vinyl or the like in a cold region, etc., if the heat collection panel 12 is installed inside the roof 2 of the greenhouse 1, Irradiates and is warmed. The air in the greenhouse 1 enters through the inlet 10 of the heat collecting panel 12, and the air heated by the solar heat reaches the outlet 11.

The warm air thus heated in the heat collecting panel 12 and discharged from the exhaust port 11 is sucked into the heat collecting tube 15 from the suction port 16 by the suction force of the blower fan 20, and is transferred to the heat collecting tube 15. It further flows through the connected falling air pipe 17 and flows into the underground pipe 18 buried underground,
a flows into the branch pipe 18b. Exhaust port 11 and suction port
16 is separated from the greenhouse 1 by the warm air from the exhaust port 11.
The air inside can be mixed and taken in. Branch pipe 18
A part of the heat of the warm air sent into b is radiated to the surroundings to warm the soil, and another part rises and flows to the blower pipe 19.

The warm air that has flowed through the rising air pipe 19 blows warm air into the greenhouse 1 from the outlet 25 at the upper end. Since a plurality of the rising blower tubes 19 are arranged at substantially equal intervals along the side wall of the greenhouse 1, warm air is blown out to each part in the greenhouse 1 uniformly. The sunlight passing through the heat collecting panel 12 irradiates plants and the like in the greenhouse 1 as direct sunlight, and heats the inside of the greenhouse 1. Thereby, the air in the greenhouse 1 is maintained at a predetermined temperature or higher. The air blown into the greenhouse 1 is sucked in again from the inlet 10 of the heat collecting panel 12 and is heated there, and is sent from the outlet 11 to the heat collecting pipe 15, the falling air pipe 17, and the soil pipe 18, Repeat this.

Even at night or when there is no sunshine, the soil around the pipe is warmed by heat radiation into the soil, and heat is stored in the soil, which prevents freezing of the soil in a cold region especially in winter. In addition, at night or when there is no sunshine, the side wall of the lower part of the greenhouse is covered with the heat insulating panel 27, and the heat insulating panel 28 is disposed at an intermediate position of the space inside the greenhouse 1 so that the inside of the greenhouse 1 is vertically divided into two parts. ,
A closed narrow space is formed only in the lower part where the plant is growing, and it is sucked from the inlet 30 and the outlet
The circulating hot air blown out from 25 efficiently keeps only this narrow space warm.

In the winter season, by covering the entire north side of the greenhouse 1 with the heat insulating panel 26, heat radiation on the north side without sunshine can be prevented. Installation of such insulation panels 26-28 need only be leaned or placed.

Then, when there is sunshine, the air heated by the heat collecting panel 12 falls from the heat collecting tube 15 and is sent to the blower tube 17, and is blown out through the soil tube 18 and the rising blower tube 19.
It blows out into the greenhouse 1 from 25, and the temperature in the greenhouse 1 is maintained at a predetermined value or more.

At night, the lower half of the side wall of the greenhouse 1 is covered with the heat insulating panel 27 to reduce the space required for heat insulation,
The air blown out from 25 is sucked only through the suction port 30 on the way. Thus, the space in which the hot air circulates is only the lower half in the greenhouse 1, and it is possible to maintain the temperature by using the heat storage in the soil by the soil pipe 18 at night or when there is no sunshine.

However, in the method using the air heated by the heat collecting panel when there is sunshine, there is a possibility that sufficient sunlight cannot be obtained due to cloudiness or snow. Sometimes it cannot be used effectively.

[0019]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art, to efficiently obtain heated air by sunlight, and to reduce the temperature in a greenhouse only by shutting off the air with vinyl or the like in a cold area. If it is not possible to secure the specified value, direct sunlight necessary for plant growth can be secured, and heat is stored in the soil,
In addition, freezing is prevented, oxygen is supplied to activate photosynthesis, and even when sunlight is not effectively obtained, the same action and effect can be obtained by auxiliary heating, and the system can be used effectively. Another object of the present invention is to provide a greenhouse that can be realized with a simple device.

[0020]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention firstly provides a solar heat collector in which a large number of heat collecting plates are obliquely arranged in a louver shape at intervals in a greenhouse with a transparent roof. A circulating heat storage device consisting of a panel, a falling air pipe for sending air from the solar heat collecting panel into the ground in the greenhouse, a buried heat storage pipe connected thereto, and a rising air pipe from the buried heat storage pipe is provided. Switching damper,
A handling box provided with a fan, a heating panel, and an outflow switching damper is installed in the falling air duct, and the inflow switching damper provided in the handling box has a heat collection duct and a greenhouse connected to the solar heat collection panel. A gist that connects the return duct that opens, the heating panel is connected to the auxiliary boiler, and the outflow switching damper is connected to the buried heat storage tube and the circulation outlet that opens into the greenhouse. It is.

Second, the heat collecting plates have an appropriate interval so that the ends do not overlap with each other. Third, the solar heat collecting panel has a light-transmitting plate, and a light-transmitting plate, which is arranged so as to face the sunlight. A number of heat collecting plates are arranged in the space between the light plates. This light transmitting plate is made of vinyl film, and a pier is arranged and stretched. Fourth, in the roof of the greenhouse, using Styrofoam framework and Chu桟, be freely engaging removably the translucent heat insulating panel which is provided inside the sealed air layer is stretched a vinyl film, the fifth, the device of the auxiliary heating, projecting
In a tank provided with an inlet and a waste liquid port, a heating pipe made of hot water is
The installed generating tank and the storage tank connected to this generating tank by piping
Boiler connected to the kerosene tank
And a methane gas generator connected to a waste liquid tank at a waste liquid outlet, and a fuel cell connected to the methane gas generator.
The gist is that a gas stove as a baking device is installed in a greenhouse .

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the switching operation between the inflow switching damper and the outflow switching damper in the handling box, and when the solar panel and the auxiliary heating are used in the operation of the heating panel. Either or a combination can be selected.Also, as the flow of air, when flowing into the handling box, passing through the solar heat collecting panel, or directly taking in from the return duct that opens into the greenhouse, At the time of outflow, the case of blowing out into a greenhouse via a buried thermal storage tube in the ground and the case of blowing out directly without passing through the ground can be selected as appropriate or a combination thereof can be selected.

Furthermore, when there is no or insufficient sunlight, warm air can be obtained by using a heating panel in the handling box. Then, a part of the warm air flowing into the buried heat storage tube is blown into the soil to supply oxygen into the soil. As a result, photosynthesis of the plant is promoted. Still another part flows into the outlet pipe and is discharged into the greenhouse.

Plants live together with microorganisms in the soil. It is a fact that any farmer knows that active soil bacteria activity is a condition for vigorous cultivation of above-ground crops. When the soil temperature rises to 15-20 ° C, the soil contains abundant air and moderate moisture, the activity of soil bacteria becomes most active, and the root system of above-ground crops that coexists with it develops, Growth grows. Conventional greenhouses have not been sufficiently contributing to the underground environment, so they have grown fragile “greenhouse breeding”.

In a greenhouse where high-density cultivation is performed, carbon dioxide gas required for photosynthesis may be insufficient, and a carbon dioxide gas cylinder may be installed.

In the present invention, heat is supplied and stored in the soil from a buried heat storage tube, which is a mesh tube buried in the soil,
Due to the supply of air, the growth and activity of soil bacteria become active, resulting in so-called "fluffy" soil in which soil nodules are formed by soil bacteria, and air circulation in the soil becomes even more active. As a result, the soil environment is greatly improved for the crop, and it is resilient with “good roots”. Seedling greenhouses also greatly increase seed germination rates.

In the daytime, while introducing outside air heated by solar heat into the soil and adding carbon dioxide due to the activity of soil bacteria,
Microcosmos is also established in the oxygen-carbon dioxide cycle.

On the other hand, for the growth of plants, it is necessary to repeat appropriate changes. This is because the change is integrated and used as an index for switching the growth stage of the self. The soil temperature also needs to change daily and seasonally.

Since the present invention basically relies on natural energy, as shown in the measurement examples, the optimum change can be naturally obtained in a cold region in Hokkaido, such as a temperature in the winter soil of 15 to 20 ° C. Have been. The adjustment according to the type of plant and the growth stage can be adjusted by the operation mode.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the heat collecting plate of the solar heat collecting panel may hinder the transmission of sunlight. Many can be secured.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the solar heat collecting panel can be formed easily and inexpensively with the vinyl film and the pier, and the heat collecting plate and the vinyl film are supported by the upper and lower piers to force the air. In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency, the heat was passed above and below the heat collecting plate.

In order to use a greenhouse in winter, it is necessary to increase heat insulation and airtightness, and a heat insulation coating is required.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, by providing the translucent heat-insulating panel, the sealed air inside the heat-insulating panel enhances the heat-insulating performance,
Further, the existence of the translucent heat-insulating panel itself does not prevent the sunlight from being taken. Moreover, it can be removed in the summer and can be manufactured at low cost without weighing the greenhouse.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since a methane gas generator using livestock manure is used, it is also possible to mix by-product rich nutrient wastewater into water supply. Of course, other fertilizers may be used. The presence of vigorous soil bacteria also improves the fertilizer effect.

In livestock areas, disposal of manure is a major problem. Even in the greenhouse of the present invention, if the day continues due to lack of solar heat such as rainy weather or cloudy weather, some auxiliary heat source is required. In such a case, a methane gas generator based on livestock manure can be combined with a hot air oven. The hot air supplies heat and air into the soil in place of the heat collecting panels. All by-products of methane gas generation are good fertilizers.

[0035]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing one embodiment of the greenhouse of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same roof part,
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the middle part of the above soil, and FIG.
The same components as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, the greenhouse 1 is a so-called greenhouse, which is composed of a frame member 1a made of lightweight steel and a vinyl 3, and the roof plate of the wall and the roof 2 is also made of the vinyl 3. In the figure, reference numeral 62 denotes a ventilation port.

A heat collecting panel 12 serving as a heat collecting device is provided on the roof 2.
The heat collecting panel 12 will be described first. As shown in FIG. 6 to FIG.
A vinyl film 35 is stretched as two light-transmitting plates facing each other with a vertical interval on the upper and lower surfaces of a lattice body having a rectangular frame and a pier 34, and a large number of heat collecting plates are provided in the space therebetween. 7 were arranged side by side in a louver shape at an interval.

As the heat collecting plate 7, a corrugated plate made of a black corrugated iron plate as shown in FIG. 10 is used, and the continuous direction of the waves of the corrugated plate is the plane direction of the heat collecting panel 12 between the vinyl films 35 (horizontal direction). Direction), and is sandwiched by the crosspiece 34, and is screwed and supported.

The heat collecting plates 7 arranged obliquely in a louver shape in the space between the vinyl films 35 which are light-transmitting plates have appropriate intervals (for example, between the ends) so that the ends do not overlap with each other. (A parallel separation distance of about 5 to 10 cm), and the inlet 36 is formed upward at one end, and the outlet 37 is formed downward at the other end. The outlet 37 is configured as a connection port for connection to a heat collection duct described later.

In this way, the heat collecting panel 12 is for improving the efficiency of heat exchange by forcibly passing the air through the wave portions above and below the heat collecting plate 7, and by widening the interval between the heat collecting plates 7, The obstruction of the passage was reduced as much as possible, and the air intake was taken in by connecting the gap with the greenhouse to outside air with the air inlet 36 facing upward.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a falling air pipe 17 connected to the air outlet 27 of the heat collecting panel 12 through a heat collecting duct 38 is provided in the greenhouse 1, and flows into the lower end thereof. Switching damper 39, blower fan 20, hot water heating panel 41,
A handling box 43 provided with an outflow switching damper 42 is provided, and this heating panel 41 is connected to an auxiliary boiler 44 using kerosene or the like as fuel.

The inflow switching damper 39 and the outflow switching damper 42 are open / close plate type dampers with one end pivotally mounted.
The inflow switching damper 39 is connected to the end of a return duct 45 that opens to the ceiling or the like in the greenhouse 1. The inflow switching damper 39 is connected to the air from the heat collecting panel 12 passing through the heat collecting duct 38 and from the return duct 45. Air can be selected by its opening / closing ratio. That is, if the opening on the side of the falling air duct 17 to which the heat collection duct 38 communicates is made large, the opening on the side of the return duct 45 is closed accordingly,
Conversely, if the opening on the return duct 45 side is made large, the opening on the falling air duct 17 side will be closed. It is also possible to close either one completely.

At one of the locations where the outflow switching damper 42 of the handling box 43 is disposed, a buried heat storage tube 46 as an underground tube and a rising blow-out tube from the buried heat storage tube 46 are provided.
A buried heat storage tube 46 of a circulating heat storage device 48 comprising a circulating air outlet 47 is connected to the other one of the circulating heat storage devices 48.
The outflow switching damper 42 is used to blow air from the handling box 43 to the buried heat storage tube 46,
The ventilation to 49 can be selected by the open / close ratio. It is also possible to close either one completely.

The buried heat storage tube 46 includes a main pipe as a blower duct 46a connected to the falling blower pipe 17, and a plurality of branch pipes connected in parallel with the ridges so as to be located between the ridges from both sides of the main pipe. At least a branch pipe uses a drainage net pipe and a water supply pipe with many holes in the pipe wall inside.
Was arranged. The water supply pipe 50 is connected to an irrigation tank 63 installed in the greenhouse 1. In another embodiment, the main pipe may be a drainage pipe. Rise outlet pipe 47
Are provided at the ends of the branch pipe, respectively, and the outlet 25 at the upper end is opened at the lower part in the greenhouse 1.

When the temperature inside the greenhouse 1 cannot be maintained at a predetermined value only by blocking the air with the vinyl 3 constituting the greenhouse 1 in winter in a cold region or the like, in order to increase the heat insulation and airtightness,
As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the translucent heat insulating panel 51 can be disposed inside the roof 2. As shown in FIGS. 14 to 16, this translucent heat-insulating panel 51 uses styrofoam for the frame 51a and the middle crosspiece 51b, and is stretched by fixing a vinyl film 51c (agricultural vinyl) with tape to form a closed air layer. 51d is provided inside. A hook 51e is attached to an end of the greenhouse 1, and the hook 51e is detachably hooked to a pipe, which is a framing member 1a of the greenhouse 1, so that it can be removed in summer.

The translucent heat-insulating panel 51 can be installed side by side with the heat-collecting panel 12, and is connected to an insulation panel 52 in the ground made of styrofoam (styrofoam) or the like on the lower extension line, and covers the inside of the roof 2 with these. I did it. In the figure, reference numeral 53 denotes a dowel for connecting the translucent heat insulating panels 51 to each other.

As a device for auxiliary heating, a methane gas generator 54 and a gas stove 55 as a combustion device connected to the methane gas generator 54 are installed in the greenhouse 1 as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the methane gas generator 54 is a regenerating drum having a charging port 56a and a waste liquid port 56b. The generating tank 56 has a heating pipe 56c made of hot water. The heating tank 56c is connected to a boiler 58 connected to a kerosene tank 59, and the waste liquid port 56b is connected to a waste liquid tank 60. Note that a cleaning tank 61 may be provided between the generation tank 56 and the storage tank 57.

The methane gas generator 54 is also used as auxiliary heating combustion during non-heat collection and also serves as excrement disposal for livestock suffering from environmental pollution. The residue and waste liquid can be used as organic fertilizer. In the generating tank 56, a temperature of about 30 ° C. required for methane gas is heated by a greenhouse and hot water from the boiler 58 to a heating pipe 56c. The generating tank 56 also serves as a heat storage element to stabilize a greenhouse at night. When there are a plurality of greenhouses 1, it is also possible to arrange only the gas stove 55 or only the storage tank 57 in each greenhouse 1 to achieve decentralization, in order to make the pressure suitable for the fuel of the boiler 58. Equipped with multiple storage tanks 57 for stable supply, and a small compressor
Gas is sent from 56 to storage tank 57.

Next, the usage will be described. When utilizing the heat collecting action of the heat collecting panel 12 in addition to the normal heat retaining action of the greenhouse 1, the inflow switching damper 39 of the handling box 43 opens the side passing through the heat collecting duct 38, and the return duct 47
Close side. When the blower fan 20 is operated in this manner, a suction action acts on the heat collecting panel 12, and the air in the greenhouse 1 enters between the air inlet 36 of the heat collecting panel 12 and the vinyl film 35,
The air heated by the heat from the heat collecting plate 7 rises along the periphery of the heat collecting plate 7, reaches the air outlet 37, falls through the heat collecting duct 38, further flows through the blower pipe 17, It is incorporated in the handling box 43.

When soil heat storage is performed, the outflow switching damper 42 of the handling box 43 opens the buried heat storage pipe 46 side and closes the circulation outlet 49 side. As a result, the warm air heated in the heat collecting panel 12 and discharged from the air outlet 37 is buried underground by the suction force of the blower fan 20, flows into the buried heat storage tube 46, and flows into the mesh of the mesh tube. Is blown into the soil, the surrounding soil is heated and heat is stored therein, and another part rises and flows into the blow-off pipe 47.

The warm air that has flowed into the rising outlet pipe 47 blows out the warm air into the greenhouse 1 from the outlet 25 at the upper end. Since a plurality of the rising outlet pipes 47 are arranged at substantially equal intervals along the side wall of the greenhouse 1, warm air is blown out uniformly to each part in the greenhouse 1. The air blown into the greenhouse 1 is sucked in again from the inlet 36 of the heat collecting panel 12 and is warmed here, and the heat collecting duct 38, the falling air pipe 17, the handling box 43, the buried heat storage from the outlet 37. It is sent to tube 46 and repeats this.

By being blown out into the soil from the buried heat storage pipe 46, warm air is circulated to warm the soil and heat is stored. The heat is released when the temperature drops at night, and the room temperature in the greenhouse 1 is prevented from lowering. Prevents freezing of soil in cold regions, especially in winter. In addition, the warm air from the buried heat storage tube 46, which is a mesh tube, warms the soil and simultaneously supplies oxygen into the soil to assist the propagation of microorganisms in the soil and the release of carbon dioxide.

Further, when soil water supply (irrigation) is required, water is passed through the water supply pipe 50, and water coming out of the hole is buried in the heat storage pipe.
Water is oozed into the soil from the mesh of 46 nets, and water is evenly supplied to the soil.

Although water is indispensable for plants, it is not preferable for cultivated plants that water is directly applied to leaves.
Desirably, the required amount of water is supplied to the root through the top. The most desirable condition is that the water contains essential components of the plant pretreated with soil bacteria.

In the present invention, the soil water sensor and the water supply pipe 50 installed in the buried heat storage pipe 46 which is a mesh pipe are used.
Supplied directly into the soil.

When it is not necessary to store the soil heat, the outflow switching damper 42 of the handling box 43 is provided with a buried heat storage pipe.
If 46 is closed and the circulation outlet 49 is opened, the warm air from the heat collection panel 12 is blown out directly from the circulation outlet 49 into the greenhouse 1 to warm the inside of the greenhouse 1 and the inlet 36 of the heat collection panel 12. From the outlet 37, the heat collecting duct 38, the falling air duct 17, the handling box 43,
It is sent to the circulation outlet 49 and repeats this.

The distribution of the amount of air sent to the buried heat storage tube 46 and the amount of air sent to the circulation outlet 49 can be adjusted by appropriately selecting the degree of opening of the outflow switching damper 42.

At night or on a day without sunshine, it is assumed that sufficient warm air from the heat collecting panel 12 cannot be obtained, so that the auxiliary boiler 44 using kerosene or the like as a fuel is operated, and the heating panel 41 is used for handling. The air passing through the box 43 is heated to generate hot air, and is sent to the buried heat storage tube 46 or the circulation outlet 49. In addition, since the room temperature at night can be as low as about 15 ° C and heat is dissipated from the soil heat storage, even if the outside temperature is below -20 ° C on a continuous day, fuel consumption is extremely small, and kerosene is about 3 to 5 l. No.

When warm air is obtained in the handling box 43 using the auxiliary heating in the heating panel 41, the air flowing into the handling box 43 may be the air that has passed through the heat collection panel 12, but the distribution efficiency Therefore, the inflow switching damper 39 is opened on the return duct 45 side, the opening on the heat collection duct 38 side is closed, and the return duct 45 is connected to the greenhouse 1.
The inside or the ventilation opening 62 is opened so that the outside air is sucked and sent.

Further, when the auxiliary heating by the heating panel 41 alone is not sufficient, the methane gas in the methane gas generator 54 can be burned in the gas stove 55 to heat the greenhouse 1. Can be operated independently, and the operation of the heating panel 41 can be omitted.

[0062]

As described above, in the greenhouse of the present invention, the heated air is efficiently obtained by the sunlight, and even in a home garden in a cold region, the temperature in the greenhouse can be set to a predetermined value only by blocking the air with vinyl or the like. If it is not possible to secure the direct sunlight necessary for the growth of plants can be secured, it is possible to cultivate crops in winter and enjoy the vegetable garden throughout the year,
In addition, heat is stored in the soil, freezing is also prevented, oxygen is supplied to activate photosynthesis, and even when sunlight cannot be effectively obtained, the same operation and effect are obtained by auxiliary heating. Can be effectively utilized, and a simple device can be used.

Furthermore, by supplying oxygen to the soil to activate photosynthesis and further incorporating a watering facility in the main body, the apparatus can be simplified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view showing one embodiment of a greenhouse of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a roof part showing one embodiment of the greenhouse of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a submerged portion showing one embodiment of the greenhouse of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a main part showing one embodiment of the greenhouse of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view of a main part showing one embodiment of the greenhouse of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the heat collecting panel.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the heat collecting panel.

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional side view of the heat collecting panel.

FIG. 9 is a vertical side view of an inlet portion of the heat collecting panel.

FIG. 10 is a vertical sectional side view of an outlet portion of a heat collecting panel.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a heat collecting plate of the heat collecting panel.

FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional side view showing the arrangement of a translucent heat-insulating panel.

FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a main part showing the arrangement of a translucent heat-insulating panel.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged vertical sectional side view of a main part of the translucent thermal insulation panel.

FIG. 15 is a plan view of the translucent heat-insulating panel.

FIG. 16 is a side view of the translucent thermal insulation panel.

FIG. 17 is a plan view of an embodiment including auxiliary heating during non-heat collection by the methane gas generator.

FIG. 18 is a partially cutaway front view of a generation tank of the methane gas generator.

FIG. 19 is a front view of a storage tank of the methane gas generator.

FIG. 20 is a vertical sectional front view showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Greenhouse 1a ... Frame material 2 ... Roof 3 ... Vinyl 4 ... Heat collecting device 5, 6 ... Translucent plate 7 ... Heat collecting plate 7a ... Frame body 8, 9 ... Air flow passage 10 ... Inlet 11 ... Exhaust 12 ... heat collecting panel 12a ... frame 13 ... gap 14 ... concrete block 15 ... heat collecting pipe 16 ... suction port 17 ... falling air pipe 18 ... soil pipe 18a ... main pipe 18b ... branch pipe 19 ... rising air pipe 20 ... blowing Fan 21 ... Ridge 25 ... Outlet 26-28 ... Insulating panel 29 ... Locking member 30 ... Suction port 33 ... Wooden frame 34 ... Pier 35 ... Vinyl film 36 ... Inlet 37 ... Outlet 38 ... Heat collecting duct 39 … Inflow switching damper 41… Heating panel 42… Outflow switching damper 43… Handling box 44… Auxiliary boiler 45… Return duct 46… Buried heat storage tube 46a… Blower duct 47… Blower tube 48… Circulation heat storage device 49… Circulation outlet 50 ... water supply pipe 51 ... translucent heat insulation panel 51a ... framework 51b … Nakabashi 51c… Vinyl film 51d… Sealed air layer 51e… Hook 52… Heat insulation panel 53… Dowel 54… Methane gas generator 55… Gas stove 56… Generation tank 56a… Input port 56b… Waste liquid port 56c… Heating pipe 57 ... storage tank 58 ... boiler 59 ... kerosene tank 60 ... waste liquid tank 61 ... cleaning tank 62 ... ventilation port 63 ... irrigation tank

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01G 9/24 A01G 9/14

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A solar heat collecting panel in which a large number of heat collecting plates are obliquely arranged in a louver shape at intervals in a greenhouse with a transparent roof, and air from the solar heat collecting panel is placed underground in the greenhouse. A handling box equipped with a circulating heat storage device consisting of a falling air pipe to be sent in, a buried heat storage pipe connected to it, and a rising air pipe from the buried heat storage pipe, and an inflow switching damper, a fan, a heating panel, and an outflow switching damper Is installed in the falling air duct, and a heat collection duct connected to the solar heat collection panel and a return duct open to the greenhouse are connected to the inflow switching damper portion of the handling box, and the heating panel is an auxiliary boiler. And the outflow switching damper is connected to the buried heat storage tube and a circulation outlet opening into the greenhouse. Greenhouse. 2. The greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein the heat collecting plates have an appropriate interval so that the ends do not overlap each other. 3. The solar heat collecting panel has a structure in which a plurality of heat collecting plates are arranged in a space between the light transmitting plates of sunlight arranged opposite to each other, and the light transmitting plate is made of a vinyl film. The greenhouse according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a pier is arranged and stretched therebetween. 4. A translucent heat-insulating panel in which a polystyrene film is stretched in a roof of a greenhouse, a styrofoam is used for a frame and a middle crosspiece, a vinyl film is stretched, and a sealed air layer is provided inside the roof. The greenhouse according to claim 3. 5. An auxiliary heating device comprising an inlet and a waste liquid outlet.
Generated by installing a heating pipe with hot water inside the tank provided with
Consisting of a tank and a storage tank connected by piping to this generation tank,
A boiler connected to the kerosene tank is connected to the heating pipe,
A methane gas generator with a waste liquid tank connected to the waste liquid port and a combustion device connected to this methane gas generator
The greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the gas stove is installed in a greenhouse.