CN105789914A - Feeding structure for waveguide slot frequency scanning antenna - Google Patents
Feeding structure for waveguide slot frequency scanning antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN105789914A CN105789914A CN201610272626.7A CN201610272626A CN105789914A CN 105789914 A CN105789914 A CN 105789914A CN 201610272626 A CN201610272626 A CN 201610272626A CN 105789914 A CN105789914 A CN 105789914A
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- ridge waveguide
- stepped cavity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of panel antennae, and particularly relates to a feeding structure for a waveguide slot frequency scanning antenna. The feeding structure comprises a tube wall member. A transverse baffle plate is configured in the tube chamber of the tube wall member, thereby forming a double-layer chamber wall structure in which the upper layer is a ridge waveguide layer and the lower layer is a rectangular waveguide layer. A metal diaphragm is configured in the rectangular waveguide layer. The top wall of the rectangular waveguide layer is provided with a coupling window. The ridge waveguide layer is composed of a left ridge waveguide layer and a right ridge waveguide layer which are configured in axis symmetry. In the signal advancing path of the wedge waveguide layer, the side wall of the left ridge waveguide and the side wall of the right ridge waveguide respectively have a five-segment stepped chamber structure. The ridge waveguide further comprises ridge blocks and foreign-shaped branches. The feeding structure has advantages of more compact and smaller structure, and lower working loss. Furthermore purposes of horizontal polarization characteristic conversion and vertical polarization characteristic conversion are realized according to the requirement. Overall efficiency and application range of an antenna array can be further improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plate aerial technical field, be specifically related to a kind of feed structure for Waveguide slot frequency scanning antenna.
Background technology
In various radio communications and radar system, transmitting and the reception of information all rely on antenna.Fast development along with modern Large Copacity, multi-functional, ultra broadband integrated information system, the information subsystem quantity carried in identical platform is greatly increased, required number of antennas also increases accordingly, this with require to reduce integrated information system holistic cost, alleviate weight, reduction platform radar scattering section, the development trend that realizes good electromagnetism compatibility feature etc. contradict.For above-mentioned condition, multi-polarization antenna can effectively solve this problem, and it can dynamically change the polarization mode of its work according to the demand of practical application, thus providing polarity diversity with to anti-multipath fading and increase channel capacity.On the other hand, frequency scan antenna is a kind of effective means realizing the scanning of many velocities of wave, and it can generate the wave beam of several high-gains to cover certain angular region, avoids using complicated beam-forming network simultaneously.Traditional frequency scan antenna is formed by as the snakelike slow waveguide structure of phase-shift unit and the Waveguide slot antenna as radiating element, owing to waveguide loss is extremely low, therefore can realize the frequency scanning antenna array demand of higher gain.Frequency scan antenna conventional at present, is only capable of realizing vertical polarization property requirements, namely said structure is only capable of the microwave realized along snakelike slow waveguide structure width direction and guides, and the signal along snakelike slow waveguide structure length direction is derived and just seems helpless.How to seek a kind of to construct rationally succinct novel feed structure, its smaller volume, lower working loss and more while high workload efficiency can guaranteed, also can realize horizontal polarization characteristic purpose according to demand, for the technical barrier that this area is urgently to be resolved hurrily in recent years.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of and construct rationally a kind of feed structure for Waveguide slot frequency scanning antenna of practicality, its overall structure is more compact small and exquisite, working loss is lower, also can realizing both horizontal and verticals polarization characteristic transform effect according to demand, the whole efficiency of antenna array and range of application can be promoted further.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs techniques below scheme:
A kind of feed structure for Waveguide slot frequency scanning antenna, it is characterized in that: it is square pipe-shaped pipe wall body that this structure includes profile, in the four of pipe wall body square cavity wall, two horizontally disposed cavity wall of relative narrower are for narrow wall, this narrow wall parallel in pipe wall body tube chamber and the diaphragm plate of installation plate face level；The cavity wall of diaphragm plate segmentation pipe wall body, and form the double-layer cavity wall structure that upper strata is ridge waveguide layer and lower floor is square wave conducting shell；Arrange that at the narrow base wall place of square wave conducting shell the metallic membrane of rectangular bulk, the length direction vertical tube wall body length direction of metallic membrane and metallic membrane length are equal to narrow wall width；Arrange the rectangular aperture running through this roof at the roof place of square wave conducting shell, this rectangular aperture constitutes the window that couples of connection ridge waveguide layer and square wave conducting shell, the length direction parallel metal diaphragm length direction of rectangular aperture and rectangular aperture symmetry division diaphragm plate；With above-mentioned rectangular aperture for boundary, left ridge waveguide and right ridge waveguide that ridge waveguide layer is arranged by axial symmetry are constituted, and the axis of symmetry of the vertical shape of described left ridge waveguide and right ridge waveguide is coaxial with the axis of symmetry of metallic membrane；Signal rows inbound path along ridge waveguide layer, the two side of left ridge waveguide and right ridge waveguide all presents the stepped cavity structure of five-part form, wherein, the two side spacing of first paragraph stepped cavity, second segment stepped cavity, the 3rd section of stepped cavity and the 4th section of stepped cavity is sequentially reduced, the two side spacing being positioned at the 5th section of stepped cavity at pipe wall body both ends is equal to the two side spacing of first paragraph stepped cavity, the horizontal center line of the residing ridge waveguide of tract position deviation of second segment stepped cavity, the 3rd section of stepped cavity and the 4th section of stepped cavity；The roof of each stepped cavity is in isoplanar place, and the contour setting of floor height of second segment stepped cavity, the 3rd section of stepped cavity and the 4th section of stepped cavity, the floor height of first paragraph stepped cavity is lower than the floor height of aforementioned four stepped cavity；Ridge waveguide also includes ridge block and special-shaped minor matters, and ridge block profile is rectangular bulk and its length direction parallel ridges waveguide length direction；Ridge block is arranged in the 5th section of stepped cavity, and ridge block is extended layout by the port of the 5th section of stepped cavity to the 4th section of stepped cavity, and ridge block length is less than the length of the 5th section of stepped cavity；Special-shaped minor matters are the stepped stem structure of syllogic, the often joint minor matters constituting special-shaped minor matters are all in same level in rectangular bulk and bottom surface, the length and width size often saving minor matters cross section constituting same special-shaped minor matters is reduced successively along its special-shaped minor matters length direction, and the second segment minor matters length of each special-shaped minor matters is equal to the 3rd section of stepped cavity length of residing ridge waveguide；The small end level of the special-shaped minor matters at each ridge waveguide place is crossed above-mentioned coupling window and is extended in the first paragraph stepped cavity of another ridge waveguide, the small end of special-shaped minor matters arranges that contiguous block is to suspend the side side-walls being fixed on respective steps chamber of shape, the face laminating that the big end of special-shaped minor matters is cross-shaped with ridge block corresponding end-faces is affixed, and the upper level of this big end is higher than ridge block upper level.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
1), it is different from traditional rectangular waveguide that directly adopts and coordinates the conventional configurations of exterior antenna, the present invention is on the basis that original rectangular waveguide constructs, one layer of ridge waveguide structure of superposition, thus defining the bilayer feed system that lower floor is square wave conducting shell and upper strata is ridge waveguide layer.This feed structure loss is little, feed efficiency is high, solve the feed structure horizontal signal transmission problem along waveguide length direction, and on the basis that bulk is limited, achieve a rectangular waveguide difficult problem to the feed ridge waveguide connection of one-to-two, its whole feed structure loss is little, in hgher efficiency plus after Waveguide slot antenna, can effectively promote the work efficiency of whole antenna-feedback system.The present invention constructs compact and reasonable, reliable operation and stablize, it is possible to be widely used in rectangular waveguide to the signal of ridge waveguide and transmit in occasion.
During practical operation, the present invention can be optionally different, and are considered as different Waveguide slot resonance array antenna forms.Owing to have employed double-end feed structure rather than traditional top layer feed structure, therefore the ridge waveguide biasing seam that the present invention both can arrange in pairs or groups conventional, can also arrange in pairs or groups ridge waveguide V-shape rake joist, thus meeting the conversion requirement of either vertically or horizontally two kinds of polarization characteristics of the present invention, final further its market range of application of lifting.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is for the use state diagram in embodiment 2；
Fig. 2 is the structural upright schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 structure apparent size mark figure on the downside of embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the partial schematic sectional view of Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 is the perspective view after a wherein sidewall of removal pipe wall body；
Fig. 6 is the top view after the narrow wall in top of removal pipe wall body；
Fig. 7 is the embodiment size marking figure of Fig. 6 structure；
Fig. 8 be after Fig. 7 removes special-shaped branch size marking figure；
Fig. 9 is that the A-A of Fig. 6 is to sectional view；
Figure 10 is the embodiment size marking figure of Fig. 9 structure；
Figure 11 is the perspective view of special-shaped minor matters；
Figure 12 is the front view of special-shaped minor matters；
Figure 13 is the embodiment size marking figure of special-shaped minor matters；
Figure 14 is the size marking figure of the top view of Figure 13；
Figure 15 is the emulation S11 figure of embodiment 1；
Figure 16 is the emulation coefficient of coup figure of embodiment 1；
Figure 17 is the artificial transmission coefficient figure of embodiment 1.
In accompanying drawing, each label is as follows with each component names corresponding relation of the present invention:
A-feeds mouth B-the first coupling aperture C-the second coupling aperture D-straightthrough port
E-feed structure F-feeding network input port
10-pipe wall body 20-diaphragm plate 21-rectangular aperture 31-metallic membrane
41-the 3rd section of stepped cavity of first paragraph stepped cavity 42-second segment stepped cavity 43-
44-the 5th section of stepped cavity of the 4th section of stepped cavity 45-
46-ridge block 47-abnormal shape minor matters 48-contiguous block
Detailed description of the invention
For ease of understanding, here in connection with accompanying drawing 1-17, specific embodiment of the invention structure and workflow are described below:
The concrete structure of the present invention, as represented in figures 1 through 14, its mainly by square wave conducting shell, by rectangular aperture 21 constitute coupling window form to ridge waveguide layer three part of one-to-two again.Wherein, square wave conducting shell is positioned at immediately below ridge waveguide layer, and both show both signal transmission purposes by the coupling window cause for gossip being opened on diaphragm plate 20.Square wave conducting shell arranges the metallic membrane 31 of the whole narrow wall that lies across at bottom surface place, and this metallic membrane 31 is positioned at the underface of above-mentioned coupling window.Consider that coupling window place diaphragm plate 30 integral sinking is to form first paragraph stepped cavity 41, now at square wave conducting shell place, just look like the concave downward of one section of diaphragm plate 30 entirety at coupling window place or charge in square wave conducting shell, so that coupling window place structure forms the boss the downwardly extended structure shown in Fig. 8.During practical operation, by regulating the degree of depth of coupling window place diaphragm plate 30 namely wave guide wall concave downward, the distance that signal is advanced by the ridge waveguide layer of square wave conducting shell to one-to-two can be increased, improve the performance of low frequency with this, so as to consistent with other frequency.
During practical operation, left ridge waveguide that the present invention is biased by axial symmetry and right ridge waveguide, electric feed signal enters via square wave conducting shell one end, and the ridge waveguide layer place of one-to-two is entered by coupling window, enter back in external antenna array as shown in Figure 1 after ridge waveguide layer converts, thus being formed by square wave conducting shell, coupling window again to the signal transmission pathway of the ridge waveguide layer of the abnormity of one-to-two.The structure that the bottom surface of special-shaped minor matters 47 is flat so that its bottom edge is consistent with ridge block 46 bottom surface, middle utilizes special-shaped minor matters 47 and between cavity wall, the transformer section of formation realizes the impedance matching of the two accordingly.Now, owing to ridge waveguide layer, diaphragm plate 20 and square wave conducting shell are in the cavity wall of pipe wall body 10, therefore width is consistent with each other, it is ensured that when 40 degree of scan angles, array pitch is sufficiently small, without there is graing lobe phenomenon.And external antenna structure available biasing seam radiates.
For ensureing the concordance of the coefficient of coup in bandwidth, and the concordance that additive phase is under the coefficient of coup of relatively Larger Dynamic, the design of HT coupled structure is the key of frequency scanning antenna.The coupling window identical with pipe wall body 10 narrow wall width by offering gap length, relies on the method regulating this window size and the special-shaped each minor matters length of minor matters 47, can realize its convenient regulating effect, its excellent working performance.
Because whole special-shaped minor matters 47 have completely offset from the horizontal center line of ridge waveguide layer, therefore two axisymmetric special-shaped minor matters 47 when mounted and are absent from interference.The contiguous block 48 as contact portion is there is between special-shaped minor matters 47 and ridge waveguide layer inwall namely wave guide wall.Although some coupling between two special-shaped minor matters 47, but complete axisymmetric structure has no effect on the performance of final signal one-to-two in waiting subnetwork.Being direct rod shape for ensureing special-shaped minor matters 47, now not only special-shaped minor matters 47 should deviate above-mentioned horizontal center line, and lower limb should be on same level face, and whole special-shaped minor matters 47 concurrently form stepped stem columnar structure, the only small only 20-30W of its coaxial impedance.By each branch relative length of the special-shaped minor matters 47 in the bore of adjustment coupling window and ridge waveguide layer, the coupling purpose under the various coefficient of coup can be realized.
For ease of being further appreciated by, it is given as two groups of embodiments, to further describe specific embodiment of the invention structure herein:
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 2, feed mouth A is signal input, and the first coupling aperture B is homonymy with feed mouth A；Fig. 3 is its side-looking size marking figure.It seems that by Fig. 3, tract residing for lower floor's cross section is square wave conducting shell, wherein broadside a=12.95mm, narrow limit b=6.48mm.Tract residing for the cross section of upper strata is ridge waveguide layer, wherein shares narrow wall with square wave conducting shell, therefore ridge waveguide slice width degree b=6.48mm, ridge waveguide layer height th=4.04mm, ridge block width tw=3.12mm, ridge tile height h=2.56mm.And the other end of port sizes of the present invention is as it is shown in figure 5, the second coupling aperture C and the first coupling aperture B size are completely the same, feed mouth A is completely the same with straightthrough port D size.Even, left ridge waveguide and the second coupling aperture C are connected for right ridge waveguide and the first coupling aperture B, and the cavity and special-shaped branch 47 size that constitute each ridge waveguide are completely the same.The narrow wall consistent size of the length of metallic membrane 31 and square wave conducting shell, for b=6.48mm.
Referring to Fig. 7, Fig. 7 be special-shaped minor matters 47 in ridge waveguide layer time position mark figure, wherein:
Lt=6.46mm, wt=4.22mm.
Apparent for visual angle, Fig. 8 then for take out special-shaped branch 47 backfin ducting layer vertical view state under size marking figure, wherein:
W1=6.48mm, w2=2.14mm, w3=2.54mm, w4=3.28mm, l1=18mm, l2=2mm, l3=4.4mm, l4=2mm, l5=12.95mm.
Referring to Figure 10, for the embodiment size marking figure of Fig. 9, wherein:
Ma=16.9mm, mb=12.95mm, mc=11.25mm, md=11.85mm, lf=1.8mm, chamfer radius rd=0.5mm, perforate spacing le=2.96mm.Feed mouth A, from coupling window place spacing ls=33.18mm, feeds the mouth A center distance lv=35.18mm from metallic membrane.Metallic membrane 31 wide wk=0.8mm, high jh=0.9mm.Except the wall thickness of reality mark, all the other all wall thickness are 1mm.
Figure 13-14 is each size marking figure of special-shaped minor matters 47, wherein:
La=12.38mm, lb=9.6mm, ld=9mm, wa=1mm, wt=2.38mm, wb=0.7mm, wc=0.5mm, wd=2.2mm, we=1.45mm, wf=2.66mm, wg=2.25mm, wh=1.34mm, wi=0.5mm, wj=0.58mm, ww=1.46mm, ta=1.38mm, tj=0.92mm.
In the present embodiment, its center operating frequency is 16.5GHz, and working frequency range is 15.8～17.25GHz.The input signal of the present embodiment meets feed mouth A, and output signal is discharged by straightthrough port D, and the first coupling aperture B and the second coupling aperture C carries out signal feed to external active antenna respectively through I shape gap.
By actually detected, referring to Figure 15～Figure 17, draw S11 figure, the connecting curve figure and transmission coefficient figure of the present embodiment respectively.By graphic result it can be seen that draw feed structure according to the present embodiment, its S11 value lower than-20dB, rises and falls in coefficient of coup band and is better than ± 0.25dB in frequency band, and feed efficiency is better than 99%, and its work efficiency is high.
Embodiment 2:
Referring to Fig. 1, work in the structural representation at 42 × 12 Waveguide slot frequency scanning antenna places of Ku wave band for the present invention.In the present embodiment, ridge waveguide broadside slot antenna selected by external active antenna, each is classified as 12 unit resonance standing-wave arrays.The feed structure E that wherein present invention is arranged side by side constituted is identical in construction profile, operation principle with the feed structure described in embodiment 1, the different Size-Selective Process of feed structure of the coefficient of coup, scope, operation principles etc., data-optimized further by embodiment 1 and aforementioned texts can draw, no longer describe in detail here.During work, the input signal of antenna is fed by the feeding network input port F of one end, and output signal is by being positioned at the feeding network output termination matched load at another section of place of feed structure E.This embodiment illustrates the concrete application in 42 × 12 Waveguide slot frequency scanning antenna systems working in Ku wave band of the feed structure of the present invention, it is possible to be radiated to various waveguide in the network of waveguide feed.
Claims (1)
1. the feed structure for Waveguide slot frequency scanning antenna, it is characterized in that: it is square pipe-shaped pipe wall body (10) that this structure includes profile, in four square cavity wall of pipe wall body (10), two horizontally disposed cavity wall of relative narrower are for narrow wall, this narrow wall parallel in pipe wall body (10) tube chamber and the diaphragm plate (20) of installation plate face level；The cavity wall of diaphragm plate (20) segmentation pipe wall body (10), and form the double-layer cavity wall structure that upper strata is ridge waveguide layer and lower floor is square wave conducting shell；Arrange that at the narrow base wall place of square wave conducting shell the metallic membrane (31) of rectangular bulk, length direction vertical tube wall body (10) length direction of metallic membrane (31) and metallic membrane (31) length are equal to narrow wall width；The rectangular aperture (21) running through this roof is set at the roof place of square wave conducting shell, this rectangular aperture (21) constitutes the window that couples of connection ridge waveguide layer and square wave conducting shell, length direction parallel metal diaphragm (31) length direction of rectangular aperture (21) and rectangular aperture (21) symmetry division diaphragm plate (20)；With above-mentioned rectangular aperture (21) for boundary, left ridge waveguide and right ridge waveguide that ridge waveguide layer is arranged by axial symmetry are constituted, and the axis of symmetry of the vertical shape of described left ridge waveguide and right ridge waveguide is coaxial with the axis of symmetry of metallic membrane (31)；Signal rows inbound path along ridge waveguide layer, the two side of left ridge waveguide and right ridge waveguide all presents the stepped cavity structure of five-part form, wherein, first paragraph stepped cavity (41), second segment stepped cavity (42), the two side spacing of the 3rd section of stepped cavity (43) and the 4th section of stepped cavity (44) is sequentially reduced, the two side spacing being positioned at the 5th section of stepped cavity (45) at pipe wall body (10) both ends is equal to the two side spacing of first paragraph stepped cavity (41), second segment stepped cavity (42), the horizontal center line of the residing ridge waveguide of tract position deviation of the 3rd section of stepped cavity (43) and the 4th section of stepped cavity (44)；The roof of each stepped cavity is in isoplanar place, the contour setting of floor height of second segment stepped cavity (42), the 3rd section of stepped cavity (43) and the 4th section of stepped cavity (44), the floor height of first paragraph stepped cavity (41) is lower than the floor height of aforementioned four stepped cavity；Ridge waveguide also includes ridge block (46) and special-shaped minor matters (47), and ridge block (46) profile is rectangular bulk and its length direction parallel ridges waveguide length direction；Ridge block (46) is arranged in the 5th section of stepped cavity (45), ridge block (46) is extended layout by the port of the 5th section of stepped cavity (45) to the 4th section of stepped cavity (44), and ridge block (46) length is less than the length of the 5th section of stepped cavity (45)；The stepped stem structure that special-shaped minor matters (47) are syllogic, the often joint minor matters constituting special-shaped minor matters (47) are all in same level in rectangular bulk and bottom surface, the length and width size often saving minor matters cross section constituting same special-shaped minor matters is reduced successively along its special-shaped minor matters (47) length direction, and the second segment minor matters length of each special-shaped minor matters (47) is equal to the 3rd section of stepped cavity (43) length of residing ridge waveguide；The small end level of the special-shaped minor matters (47) at each ridge waveguide place is crossed above-mentioned coupling window and is extended in the first paragraph stepped cavity (41) of another ridge waveguide, the small end of special-shaped minor matters (47) arranges that contiguous block (48) is to suspend the side side-walls being fixed on respective steps chamber of shape, the face laminating that the big end of special-shaped minor matters (47) is cross-shaped with ridge block (46) corresponding end-faces is affixed, and the upper level of this big end is higher than ridge block (46) upper level.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610272626.7A CN105789914B (en) | 2016-04-27 | 2016-04-27 | Feed structure for Waveguide slot frequency scanning antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610272626.7A CN105789914B (en) | 2016-04-27 | 2016-04-27 | Feed structure for Waveguide slot frequency scanning antenna |
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| CN105789914B CN105789914B (en) | 2018-08-10 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107681272A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-02-09 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | A kind of double coupled antennas under minimum headroom |
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| US20120086518A1 (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2012-04-12 | Andrew Llc | Selectable Coupling Level Waveguide Coupler |
| CN105140610A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-12-09 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | Equivalent 180 degree ridge waveguide corner used for ridge waveguide slot antenna |
| CN205723964U (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-11-23 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | Feed structure for Waveguide slot frequency scanning antenna |
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2016
- 2016-04-27 CN CN201610272626.7A patent/CN105789914B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20120086518A1 (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2012-04-12 | Andrew Llc | Selectable Coupling Level Waveguide Coupler |
| CN105140610A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-12-09 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | Equivalent 180 degree ridge waveguide corner used for ridge waveguide slot antenna |
| CN205723964U (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-11-23 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | Feed structure for Waveguide slot frequency scanning antenna |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107681272A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-02-09 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | A kind of double coupled antennas under minimum headroom |
| CN107681272B (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2023-10-17 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | Dual-coupling antenna under extremely small headroom |
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