CN105784529A - Manufacturing process of plastic ball indentation hardness standard block - Google Patents

Manufacturing process of plastic ball indentation hardness standard block Download PDF

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CN105784529A
CN105784529A CN201610002959.8A CN201610002959A CN105784529A CN 105784529 A CN105784529 A CN 105784529A CN 201610002959 A CN201610002959 A CN 201610002959A CN 105784529 A CN105784529 A CN 105784529A
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baton round
temperature
identation hardness
hardness
processing technology
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CN105784529B (en
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陈俊薪
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/62Manufacturing, calibrating, or repairing devices used in investigations covered by the preceding subgroups
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N2001/2893Preparing calibration standards

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  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of non-metallic material mechanics, and provides a manufacturing process of a plastic ball indentation hardness standard block which can be effectively used in hardness mechanical property testing of a macromolecular material; the manufacturing process comprises the steps: selecting an industrial pure aluminum plate conforming to correlated conditions as a base material, and then melting and casting to obtain a more homogenized cast aluminum material; after forging molding, making the material more uniform and crystals more dense and compact; carrying out rough machining, to obtain a required blank size; carrying out annealing treatment to obtain a corresponding hardness range; carrying out finish machining to obtain a standard standard-sample size and hardness requirements; grinding and polishing to obtain better surface roughness; tempering to remove machining residual stress to make the material more stable; and packaging to remove some hidden troubles brought by the storage. Therefore, the prepared plastic ball indentation hardness standard block has good hardness uniformity, repeatability, stability and surface roughness, and a working surface and a support surface do not have oxide layers, cracks, sinking, scratching, coloring and other defects.

Description

The processing technology of baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck
Technical field
The invention belongs to material field of measuring techniques, relate to the processing technology of a kind of baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck.
Background technology
Existing China hardness measurement specialty is with a long history, and China is through long-term effort.At Brinell hardness, Rockwell hardness, Vickers hardness, Shore hardness, lee ' hardness, ferrous metal and part non-ferrous metal establish very comprehensive standards system.Owing to modern society is more and more extensive to the application of macromolecular material.Macromolecular material is the material being made up of the compound that relative molecular mass is higher, including rubber, plastics, fiber, coating, adhesive and polymer-based composite.
Macromolecular material is divided into commodity polymer material, speciality polymer material and functional high molecule material three major types:
1. commodity polymer material refers to large-scale industrial production, has been widely used in the macromolecular material of the national economy major domains such as building, transportation, agricultural, electric and electronic industry and people's daily life.This is wherein divided into again plastics, rubber, fiber, binding agent, coating etc. dissimilar.
2. speciality polymer material is mainly a class and has the macromolecular material of excellent mechanical strength and heat resistance, such as the material such as Merlon, polyimides, is widely used on engineering material.
3. functional high molecule material refers to have specific function, can do the macromolecular compound of function materials'use, including functional separation film, conductive material, medical macromolecular materials, liquid crystal high polymer material etc..
Wanting to carry out the hardness Mechanics Performance Testing to macromolecular material and research, first has sought to corresponding hardness standard block as starting point, and the development hence for the standard block of hardness of nonmetallic materials is the most important thing.Developing of baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck produces under this premise, and due to domestic hardness area never for the hardness standard block of macromolecular material, and there has been the product of correspondence in American-European countries, is a blank for domestic.Fathoming that baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck surface produces is only small, and all technical of measurement system and hardness standard block is had high requirement.Baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck is proposed challenge by my department.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to break through existing technology limitation, it is provided that the processing technology of the baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck of a kind of hardness Mechanics Performance Testing that can be effective to macromolecular material, fill the domestic gaps.
For realizing above-mentioned technical problem, the solution that the present invention takes is: the processing technology of baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck, comprise the steps: step one, selection: adopting commercial pure Al sheet, described commercial pure Al sheet comprises following chemical composition: Si0.20 ± 0.07, Fe:0.27 ± 0.10, Cu:0.04 ± 0.02, Mn:0.03 ± 0.01, Mg:0.03 ± 0.015, Zn:0.04 ± 0.018, Ti:0.03 ± 0.007, V:0.05 ± 0.022, Al:99.7 ± 0.1;Described commercial pure Al sheet has σ b (MPa) >=75 tensile strength, σ 0.2 (MPa) >=35 offset yield strength;
Step 2: the raw material that step one is chosen carries out melting, casting, forging molding, roughing, annealing, polish, grind, polishing, tempering, be packaged to be baton round identation hardness block.
Further: described commercial pure Al sheet is U.S. product 1070-H14 pure aluminum plate.
It is further, melting described in step 2 is particularly as follows: smelting equipment selects hawkbill pot, preheating temperature controls between 580-630 DEG C, and is incubated more than three hours, when carrying out melting, temperature must reach 750 ° of more than C, and constantly stir along with the rising of temperature, get rid of unfavorable element and gas, it is ensured that do not cause because the reasons such as oxidation cause crystal thick in fusion process, aluminum melt at high temperature can oxidation rapidly, smelting time needs to control within two hours;New hawkbill pot must before melting melt back old material several times, and must be the foundry returns of the same trade mark.
Further, casting described in step 2 is particularly as follows: must first measure the surface temperature of aluminum melt when pouring into a mould, tundish temperature is not higher than 180 ° of C;Necessary held stationary in casting process, potting syrup does not interrupt;Cover lid after casting, with insulation sand entirety covering and heat insulating so that it is natural cooling, and shelves 180-360 days as natrual ageing.
Further, forging molding described in step 2 is particularly as follows: be cut into a certain proportion of blockage the aluminium cast;Warming-up device selects Muffle furnace, and preheating temperature controls to be incubated 15 minutes at 520 ° of C;Neat for square is put in burner hearth, and after being incubated 45 minutes, pull-out square forges;The temperature forged controls to be 520 ° of C of initial forging temperature, and final forging temperature is not less than 400 ° of C;Jumping-up pulls out 3-5 straight forming later repeatedly;Insulation sand launder insulation cooling is put at once after forging molding.
Further, roughing described in step 2, particularly as follows: the aluminium after molding is installed on blessing device, mills out six planes with milling machine so that it is two two is opposing parallel, and derives the angle of eight 45 ° with beveler.
Further, described in step 2, annealing is particularly as follows: aluminium block good for roughing, neat is put in ferrum case, the middle partition keeping 4 millimeter, and fills up with insulation sand;Ferrum case is put into high-temperature annealing furnace, and respectively temperature 250 DEG C, 350 DEG C are incubated two hours, are then raised to 450 DEG C and are incubated eight hours, are then shut off power supply, until complete natural cooling in stove.
It is further, polish described in step 2 is particularly as follows: first set aside to special blessing device on surface grinding machine, then again the aluminium block annealed is put on surface grinding machine 4 sides are polished, then regrind work surface and supporting surface, work surface flatness is not more than 0.003mm, the depth of parallelism is not more than 0.005mm, it is thus achieved that baton round identation hardness block.
It is further, described in step 2 grind particularly as follows: polish obtain baton round identation hardness block, set aside on grinder, it is initially charged 30# abrasive sand and carries out first time rough lapping, ensure the clear of its machining lines, add 60# abrasive sand and carry out second time grinding, ensure that its whole face no longer has thick and deep grinding to rule, finally carry out smooth grinding in addition 80# abrasive sand, ensure that its surface does not have any obvious grinding to rule, in the rotation of the process ground, it is necessary to the sampling observation depth of parallelism of aluminium block at times and flatness in batches.
It is further, described in step 2, polishing is particularly as follows: put into ground baton round identation hardness block in automatic polishing machine, first time rough polishing is carried out with the abrasive pastes of w-10, then carry out with the abrasive pastes of w-0.5 polished for the last time, making it obtain the effect of minute surface, work surface roughness is not more than 0.03um.
Further, tempering described in step 2, particularly as follows: the baton round identation hardness block after polishing is put in vacuum constant-temperature container, extracts inner air out, and tempering, by the temperature of 150 DEG C, is incubated eight hours, to remove machining stress.
It is further, described in step 2 packaging particularly as follows: with 20% white vaseline, plus the antirust oil of 80%, it is heated to thawing and stirs, then complete by stirring liquid, spread upon on baton round identation hardness block uniformly, and wrap up baton round identation hardness block with volatile rust preventive paper, put sealing plastic bag again, be shelved on ambient temperature 23 ± 3 DEG C, the environment of humidity 60 ± 10% is placed 180 days.
By adopting preceding solution, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck hardness that the processing technology through described baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck prepares is lower than 20HBW, its scale range can meet national standard " GB/T3398.1-2008 Part I " and meet national verification code " JJG369-1993 liquid lamp investigating device vertification regulation ", not only meet national standard and the requirement of national verification code, and the technical research for macromolecular material hardness mechanical property provides the foundation and foundation;And the processing technology of described baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck well solves the technical bottlenecks such as block of hardness uniformity, repeatability, stability, surface roughness, has filled up domestic blank.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described further.
The processing technology of described baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck, in turn includes the following steps:
Selection: adopting U.S. to produce 1070-H14 commercial pure Al sheet, described commercial pure Al sheet comprises following chemical composition: Si0.20 ± 0.07, Fe:0.27 ± 0.10, Cu:0.04 ± 0.02, Mn:0.03 ± 0.01, Mg:0.03 ± 0.015, Zn:0.04 ± 0.018, Ti:0.03 ± 0.007, V:0.05 ± 0.022, Al:99.7 ± 0.1;Described commercial pure Al sheet has σ b (MPa) >=75 tensile strength, σ 0.2 (MPa) >=35 offset yield strength;
Melting: smelting equipment selects hawkbill pot, preheating temperature controls between 580-630 DEG C, and it is incubated more than three hours, when carrying out melting, temperature must reach 750 ° of more than C, and constantly stirs along with the rising of temperature, get rid of unfavorable element and gas, guarantee not cause because the reasons such as oxidation cause crystal thick in fusion process, aluminum melt at high temperature can oxidation rapidly, smelting time needs to control within two hours;New hawkbill pot must before melting melt back old material several times, and must be the foundry returns of the same trade mark.
Casting: cast adopts the mould of 80mm × 80mm × 150mm;Must first measuring the surface temperature of aluminum melt during cast, tundish temperature is not higher than 180 ° of C;Necessary held stationary in casting process, potting syrup does not interrupt;Cover lid after casting, with insulation sand entirety covering and heat insulating so that it is natural cooling, and shelves 180-360 days as natrual ageing.
Forging molding is: the aluminium cast is cut into the blockage of 80mm × 80mm × 15mm;Warming-up device selects Muffle furnace, and preheating temperature controls to be incubated 15 minutes at 520 ° of C;Neat for square is put in burner hearth, and after being incubated 45 minutes, pull-out square forges;The temperature forged controls to be 520 ° of C of initial forging temperature, and final forging temperature is not less than 400 ° of C;Jumping-up pulls out 3-5 straight forming later repeatedly, and the size after molding is not more than 67mm × 67mm × 13mm;Insulation sand launder insulation cooling is put at once after forging molding.
Roughing: the aluminium after molding is installed on blessing device, mills out six planes with milling machine so that it is two two is opposing parallel, and derive the angle of eight 45 °, size 62mm × 62mm × 11.5mm after roughing with beveler.
Annealing: the aluminium block that roughing is good, neat is put in ferrum case, the middle partition keeping 4 millimeter, and fill up with insulation sand;Ferrum case is put into high-temperature annealing furnace, and respectively temperature 250 DEG C, 350 DEG C are incubated two hours, are then raised to 450 DEG C and are incubated eight hours, are then shut off power supply, until complete natural cooling in stove.
Polish: first special blessing device is set aside on surface grinding machine, then again the aluminium block annealed is put on surface grinding machine and 4 sides are polished, then regrind work surface and supporting surface, it is thus achieved that baton round identation hardness block;The baton round identation hardness block size that polish obtains is not less than 60mm × 60mm × 10mm, and its work surface flatness is not more than 0.003mm, and the depth of parallelism is not more than 0.005mm,.
Grind: the baton round identation hardness block that polish is obtained, set aside on grinder, it is initially charged 30# abrasive sand and carries out first time rough lapping, ensure the clear of its machining lines, add 60# abrasive sand and carry out second time grinding, ensure that its whole face no longer has thick and deep grinding to rule, finally carry out smooth grinding in addition 80# abrasive sand, ensure that its surface does not have any obvious grinding to rule, in the rotation of the process ground, it is necessary to the sampling observation depth of parallelism of aluminium block at times and flatness in batches.
Polishing: ground baton round identation hardness block is put in automatic polishing machine, first time rough polishing is carried out with the abrasive pastes of w-10, then carry out with the abrasive pastes of w-0.5 polished for the last time so that it is obtaining the effect of minute surface, work surface roughness is not more than 0.03um.
Tempering: the baton round identation hardness block after polishing being put in vacuum constant-temperature container, extracts inner air out, tempering, by the temperature of 150 DEG C, is incubated eight hours, to remove machining stress.
Packaging: with the white vaseline of 20%, plus the antirust oil of 80%, it is heated to thawing and stirs, then complete by stirring liquid, spread upon on baton round identation hardness block uniformly, and wrap up baton round identation hardness block with volatile rust preventive paper, put sealing plastic bag again, be shelved on ambient temperature 23 ± 3 DEG C, the environment of humidity 60 ± 10% is placed 180 days, to guarantee the natrual ageing of block of hardness itself, improve repeatability and the stability indicator of finished product.
Through the baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck that the processing technology of above-mentioned baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck obtains, hardness is lower than 20HBW, and its scale range can meet national standard " GB/T3398.1-2008 Part I " and meet national verification code " JJG369-1993 liquid lamp investigating device vertification regulation ".

Claims (12)

1. the processing technology of baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Step one, selection: adopting commercial pure Al sheet, described commercial pure Al sheet comprises following chemical composition: Si0.20 ± 0.07, Fe:0.27 ± 0.10, Cu:0.04 ± 0.02, Mn:0.03 ± 0.01, Mg:0.03 ± 0.015, Zn:0.04 ± 0.018, Ti:0.03 ± 0.007, V:0.05 ± 0.022, Al:99.7 ± 0.1;Described commercial pure Al sheet has σ b (MPa) >=75 tensile strength, σ 0.2 (MPa) >=35 offset yield strength;
Step 2: the raw material that step one is chosen carries out melting, casting, forging molding, roughing, annealing, polish, grind, polishing, tempering, be packaged to be baton round identation hardness block.
2. the processing technology of baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described commercial pure Al sheet is U.S. product 1070-H14 pure aluminum plate.
3. the processing technology of baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, melting described in step 2 is particularly as follows: smelting equipment selects hawkbill pot, preheating temperature controls between 580-630 DEG C, and it is incubated more than three hours, when carrying out melting, temperature must reach 750 ° of more than C, and constantly stir along with the rising of temperature, get rid of unfavorable element and gas, guarantee not cause because the reasons such as oxidation cause crystal thick in fusion process, aluminum melt at high temperature can oxidation rapidly, smelting time needs to control within two hours;New hawkbill pot must before melting melt back old material several times, and must be the foundry returns of the same trade mark.
4. the processing technology of baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that casting described in step 2 is particularly as follows: must first measure the surface temperature of aluminum melt when pouring into a mould, tundish temperature is not higher than 180 ° of C;Necessary held stationary in casting process, potting syrup does not interrupt;Cover lid after casting, with insulation sand entirety covering and heat insulating so that it is natural cooling, and shelves 180-360 days as natrual ageing.
5. the processing technology of baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that forging molding described in step 2 is particularly as follows: be cut into a certain proportion of blockage the aluminium cast;Warming-up device selects Muffle furnace, and preheating temperature controls to be incubated 15 minutes at 520 ° of C;Neat for square is put in burner hearth, and after being incubated 45 minutes, pull-out square forges;The temperature forged controls to be 520 ° of C of initial forging temperature, and final forging temperature is not less than 400 ° of C;Jumping-up pulls out 3-5 straight forming later repeatedly;Insulation sand launder insulation cooling is put at once after forging molding.
6. the processing technology of baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, roughing described in step 2, particularly as follows: the aluminium after molding is installed on blessing device, mills out six planes with milling machine, make it two two opposing parallel, and derive the angle of eight 45 ° with beveler.
7. the processing technology of baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step 2, annealing is particularly as follows: aluminium block good for roughing, neat is put in ferrum case, the middle partition keeping 4 millimeter, and fill up with insulation sand;Ferrum case is put into high-temperature annealing furnace, and respectively temperature 250 DEG C, 350 DEG C are incubated two hours, are then raised to 450 DEG C and are incubated eight hours, are then shut off power supply, until complete natural cooling in stove.
8. the processing technology of baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, polish described in step 2 is particularly as follows: first set aside to special blessing device on surface grinding machine, then again the aluminium block annealed is put on surface grinding machine 4 sides are polished, then regrind work surface and supporting surface, work surface flatness is not more than 0.003mm, and the depth of parallelism is not more than 0.005mm, it is thus achieved that baton round identation hardness block.
9. the processing technology of baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described in step 2 grind particularly as follows: polish obtain baton round identation hardness block, set aside on grinder, it is initially charged 30# abrasive sand and carries out first time rough lapping, ensure the clear of its machining lines, add 60# abrasive sand and carry out second time grinding, ensure that its whole face no longer has thick and deep grinding to rule, finally carry out smooth grinding in addition 80# abrasive sand, ensure that its surface does not have any obvious grinding to rule, in the rotation of the process ground, need the sampling observation depth of parallelism of aluminium block at times and flatness in batches.
10. the processing technology of baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described in step 2, polishing is particularly as follows: put into ground baton round identation hardness block in automatic polishing machine, first time rough polishing is carried out with the abrasive pastes of w-10, then carry out with the abrasive pastes of w-0.5 polished for the last time, making it obtain the effect of minute surface, work surface roughness is not more than 0.03um.
11. the processing technology of baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, tempering described in step 2 is particularly as follows: put into the baton round identation hardness block after polishing in vacuum constant-temperature container, extract inner air out, tempering is by the temperature of 150 DEG C, it is incubated eight hours, to remove machining stress.
12. the processing technology of baton round identation hardness calibrated bolck as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described in step 2 packaging particularly as follows: with 20% white vaseline, add the antirust oil of 80%, be heated to melt and stir, then complete by stirring liquid, spread upon uniformly on baton round identation hardness block, and wrap up baton round identation hardness block with volatile rust preventive paper, then put sealing plastic bag, it is shelved on ambient temperature 23 ± 3 DEG C, the environment of humidity 60 ± 10% is placed 180 days.
CN201610002959.8A 2016-01-06 2016-01-06 The manufacture craft of plastics ball indentation hardness calibrated bolck Active CN105784529B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108181147A (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-06-19 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 A kind of plastic air intake manifold performance test standard body
CN109001064A (en) * 2018-08-23 2018-12-14 江苏亨通光导新材料有限公司 A kind of method of quantitative measurment and evaluation preform polishing effect
CN111207884A (en) * 2020-01-17 2020-05-29 西北工业大学 Design and manufacturing method of standard sample of residual stress deflection method calibration device

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CN103454122A (en) * 2012-05-30 2013-12-18 黑龙江华安精益计量技术研究院有限公司 Preparation method of ultra-low hardness value standard Brielle hardness block
CN104568636A (en) * 2014-12-12 2015-04-29 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 Development method of ultra-microhardness standard block
CN204758420U (en) * 2015-05-20 2015-11-11 浙江中科仪器有限公司 Plastics ball indentation hardness meter

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1183717A (en) * 1997-09-08 1999-03-26 Nippon Bell Parts Kk Minute vickers hardness reference piece
KR20090049502A (en) * 2007-11-13 2009-05-18 한국표준과학연구원 Standard indentation sample for calibration of vickers hardness indentation measuring instrument
CN103454122A (en) * 2012-05-30 2013-12-18 黑龙江华安精益计量技术研究院有限公司 Preparation method of ultra-low hardness value standard Brielle hardness block
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108181147A (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-06-19 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 A kind of plastic air intake manifold performance test standard body
CN108181147B (en) * 2017-12-22 2021-02-05 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 Standard body for performance test of plastic intake manifold
CN109001064A (en) * 2018-08-23 2018-12-14 江苏亨通光导新材料有限公司 A kind of method of quantitative measurment and evaluation preform polishing effect
CN111207884A (en) * 2020-01-17 2020-05-29 西北工业大学 Design and manufacturing method of standard sample of residual stress deflection method calibration device
CN111207884B (en) * 2020-01-17 2021-07-13 西北工业大学 Design and manufacturing method of standard sample of residual stress deflection method calibration device

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