CN105779887A - Megawatt-level casting-forging integrated planetary rotating stand steel casting and heat treatment process - Google Patents
Megawatt-level casting-forging integrated planetary rotating stand steel casting and heat treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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Abstract
The invention relates to a Megawatt-level casting-forging integrated planetary rotating stand steel casting and a heat treatment process. According to the Megawatt-level casting-forging integrated planetary rotating stand steel casting and the heat treatment process, the processing cycle is short, the production cost is low, the material use rate is high, and the transmission stability between a star shaft and a planetary rotating stand is good. The Megawatt-level casting-forging integrated planetary rotating stand steel casting comprises, by mass, 0.15%-0.20% of C, 0.20%-0.45% of Si, 0.50%-0.98% of Mn, 0-0.035% of S and P, 0.80%-1.00% of Cr, 1.40%-1.70% of Ni, 0.20%-0.30% of Mo, 0.04%-0.08% of V, and 0.02%-0.06% of Ti. The Megawatt-level casting-forging integrated planetary rotating stand steel casting and the heat treatment process have the advantages that the Megawatt-level planetary rotating stand steel casting used for wind power generation is integrally casted and formed through integrated casting and forging, the material use rate is increased, the processing procedure is simplified, and the production cost is saved; meanwhile, due to the fact that material integration is achieved, the defects caused by casting split manufacturing and planetary gear engagement transmission are overcome, the product service life is prolonged, and the working efficiency is improved, so that the extremely considerable economic benefits and development prospects are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing process process simplification, process-cycle is short, and production cost is low, and the utilization of material is high, fit planet pivoted frame steel-casting and Technology for Heating Processing are forged in the MW class casting that between star axle and planet pivoted frame, transmission stability is good, belong to planet pivoted frame steel-casting and manufacture field.
Background technology
Traditional planet pivoted frame often adopts planet axis forging and planet pivoted frame foundry goods to be assembled in structural design.Planet axis forging material is generally 35CrMo, planet pivoted frame body casting material selects the ZG42CrMo that intensity is higher, planet axis forging one is processed into planetary gear (see Fig. 1-1), planet pivoted frame body is cast into one by upper lower flange with middle pin, upper flange endoporus is processed into planet internal tooth (see Fig. 1-2), and planet axis gear and planet pivoted frame body engage into luggage by gear and join (see Fig. 1-3).
Traditional gear engagement planet pivoted frame structure needs planet axis and planet pivoted frame body are manufactured respectively.
Concrete manufacturing process is: see Figure 17, manufacturing process's process of this planet pivoted frame is complicated, process-cycle is long, and production cost is higher, and the utilization rate of material is relatively low, simultaneously because by planetary gear engaged transmission between planet axis and planet pivoted frame, by the impact of field of conjugate action abrasion, the stability of Gear Planet Transmission will reduce, simultaneously when planet axis gear or planet pivoted frame body steel-casting one of both have abrasion cannot meet service behaviour requirement, both must change simultaneously, produce replacement cost higher.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of design: avoid the weak point in background technology, a kind of manufacturing process of design process is simple, and the process-cycle is short, and production cost is low, the utilization of material is high, and between star axle and planet pivoted frame, fit planet pivoted frame steel-casting foundry goods and Technology for Heating Processing are forged in the MW class casting of the good stability of transmission.
Design: in order to realize above-mentioned purpose of design.nullThe application is in the mechanical property meet material under the premise of collateral security material high-intensity performance，Low temperature (-20 DEG C) impact flexibility how improving material is set out，On the basis of core patented technology material " a kind of TSCPP-20NCD2 optimizes material " (patent No.: ZL201010545128.8) utilizing our company's independent development，To the C in material component、Si、Mn tri-is unfavorable for that greatly the element improving toughness of material carries out low content control，To Cr、Ni、Mo element is adjusted controlling and and adding V according to its not same-action in steel、Ti obtains superfine disperse phase element，Thus arriving the purpose of crystal grain thinning，And make the component of material constitute the mechanical property requirements meeting casting material by special normalizing+tempering and modified twice heat treatment step，And the technology pattern of technique rising head realization " consecutive solidification " is set up by changing traditional foundry goods thermal center region，Eliminate slow down the loose problem caused because technique rising head arranges the heat radiation that brings by planet pin technique rising head being changed over the Feeding channel of foundry goods，The distribution of planet pin thermal center is changed by setting up technique subsidy，Planet pin and planet axis thermal center is made to become one，Define big " consecutive solidification " feeding chain；Secondly, formulate special normalizing+tempering heat treatment process and carry out pretreatment, formulate special quenching-and-tempering process parameter and the type of cooling simultaneously according to the component feature after adjusting, make the foundry goods after Tempering and Quenching obtain comprehensive premium properties.
Wind turbine gearbox Planetary Gear Transmission product in the wind power plant that the MW class casting fit planet pivoted frame steel-casting of forging is belonging to, product structure is complicated, reliability and vital part required precision is high, material is special, performance requirement is higher.Have been used up planet axis forging before this both at home and abroad and drive planetary gear transmission mechanism with planet pivoted frame steel-casting by spline drived.
Owing to the planet pinion system service load of MW class requires higher, in order to meet the service behaviour of product, planet axis forging and planet pivoted frame steel-casting pin part are relatively thick in design, planet axis forging and planet pivoted frame steel-casting spline drived are subject to the impact of strong odontotripsis, reduce the stability of product structure transmission, also reduce operation ratio and the service life of structure simultaneously.
The fit planet pivoted frame of MW class casting forging is as the transmission carrier of planet pinion, the combination property of product requires higher, in order to meet service load and the operating environment requirements of planet pinion, the mechanical performance designing requirement of product must is fulfilled for claimed below: Rp0.2>=655MPa, Rm: >=830MPaMPa, A5% >=14%, Ψ % >=30%, AKv >=27J (meansigma methods of three experiment values, interim single value cannot be less than the 80% of meansigma methods) (-20 DEG C) wherein: Rp0.2For the yield strength of material, RmFor the tensile strength of material, A5For elongation percentage, AKv is impact absorbing energy, and test temperature is-20 DEG C.
One, product technology feature and refractory gold ores
The method adopting the fit integral casting forming (see Fig. 2) of casting forging replaces planet axis gear to engage cooperation driven Design structure with planet pivoted frame body, not only simplify manufacturing process, reduce production cost simultaneously, improve the utilization rate of material, the performance of the planet pivoted frame material of the fit integral casting forming of casting forging simultaneously has reached unanimously, the requirement of performance is higher, it is possible to use requirements at the higher level service load.
The planet carrier steel-casting manufacturing process adopting integral casting forming is reduced to: steel scrap raw material _ casting _ machining _ final products.
Compared with assembling meshing transmission structure with planet axis forging and planet pivoted frame body foundry goods, the planet pivoted frame steel-casting of the fit integral casting forming of casting forging not only simplify operation, eliminates the defect that engaged transmission brings work output unstable due to abrasion simultaneously.
1, how material meets the requirement of the fit one piece casting design performance of casting forging
Performance requirement according to Gear Planet Transmission, forging material 35CrMo rough forging conditioned heat treatment can arrive the material property of designing requirement.But the construction features of planet pivoted frame body cannot adopt forging molding to form, and conventional planetary pivoted frame body ZG42CrMo cast steel material is unable to reach designing requirement by Tempering and Quenching performance.
2, how casting technique meets the overall fine and close of the fit one piece casting planet pivoted frame of casting forging and prevents the generation of casting defect
What the contraction solidification of steel-casting was followed is " consecutive solidification " (namely steel-casting follows temperature low area prior to temperature high zone freezing on solidification sequence; the principle that thin-wall regions solidifies prior to thick wall area); therefore when not taking other Foundry, and the region (namely foundry goods thermal center forms region) of final set tends to cause Shrinkage cavity defect.In order to meet foundry goods consecutive solidification feature, when carrying out casting Technology Design, often thick wall area being arranged on upper end, thin-wall regions is arranged on lower end, utilizes the gravity of molten steel to carry out consecutive solidification feeding.
From the construction features of this foundry goods, planet axis region and territory, planet pivoted frame scapus area in which the goods are in great demand are thicker than other region, it is simulated analyzing to its process of setting, from solidification simulation analysis chart (Fig. 3) it can be seen that planet axis and three planet pin regions and pin lower end are connected transitional region with endoporus and there is shrinkage cavity and rarefaction defect, illustrate that these three regions are that thermal center forms region.
Defect distribution after Fig. 3 casting solidification, it is maximum that thermal center region is sized to greatly planet axis region, takes second place in territory, planet pivoted frame scapus area in which the goods are in great demand, and planet pivoted frame body lower flange region is minimum.
According to shrinkage cavity loosen distribution situation, it is necessary to technique rising head is set in shrinkage cavity non-densified regions and carries out feeding, the densification of guarantee foundry goods.Lower flange region porous spot cannot be carried out the setting of technique rising head owing to receiving structure restriction, and owing to non-densified regions is relatively small, therefore passes through to set up outer cold exchange premium row rapid cooling to this region in technique.
According to casting structure and technological requirement, formulation casting process scheme (see Fig. 4) arranges technique rising head one place and planet axis part is carried out feeding in planet axis region, is respectively provided with a technique rising head three planet pin upper ends and pin is carried out riser feeding.Lower flange region being taked the external chill of two kinds of different sizes simultaneously and at the centrally disposed internal densener of circular bosses, what make lower flange region is set in before planet pin solidifies completely, thus realizing the densification in lower flange region.
Being simulated analyzing to casting technique, from sunykatuib analysis result, there is the loose dangerous unit (see Fig. 5) in three places in region between planet pin technique rising head and planet axis cylindrical.
According to analog result, traditional casting process scheme cannot meet requirement fine and close between planet pin technique rising head and planet axis cylindrical.
Two, the application R&D process:
1, casting process scheme is formulated；According to foundry goods final sunykatuib analysis result, foundry goods intermediate setup process temperature distribution situation is analyzed (see Fig. 6).
From middle solidification processing temperature distribution schematic diagram (see Fig. 6), this region due between planet axis cylindrical and planet pin technique rising head interval less, the heat radiation of this region slows down, this region when planet pin solidifies completely still for liquid phase.
Setting due to planet pin some processes rising head, planet pin shrinks the feeding source of the molten steel of the required feeding of solidification, becoming planet axis part, planet pin technique rising head act as the effect of Feeding channel in process, it is therefore desirable to process program carries out project setting and optimization.
Due in this founding method, planet pin some processes rising head is in the actual effect that act as Feeding channel of casting solidification process, therefore the direction of technique adjustment and optimization is that solution planet pin technique rising head arranges the problem that affects between planet axis cylindrical and planet pin technique rising head, and Fig. 7 is the casting process scheme after optimizing after adjusting.
First technique adjustment is cancelled the technique rising head of planet pin and is arranged, and meets the requirement of " consecutive solidification ", it is achieved the densification that foundry goods is overall during for making casting solidification.According to System for Steel Casting Process requirement, on planet pin top and planet axis cylindrical, region between pin increases technique subsidy (subsidizing the solidification order namely delaying this region by increasing the thickness of foundry goods, thus reaching the technological measure in other region of feeding).The molten steel that pin partial coagulation needs is carried out feeding by planet axis by technique subsidy, finally arranges a big technique feeding head on planet axis top, meets the solidification feeding requirement of planet axis.Require to carry out thickening setting according to technique rising head by the first half of planet axis, it is achieved casting solidification meets the requirement of " consecutive solidification ", thus reaching the requirement that foundry goods entirety is fine and close simultaneously.
Casting process scheme after adjusting and optimizing is carried out InteCast CAE simulation (Fig. 8 is the InteCast CAE simulation drawing of casting technique after adjusting and optimizing).
Showing according to InteCast CAE analog result: except there is shrinkage cavity non-densified regions at rising head and gate location, foundry goods body part does not have shrinkage cavity to loosen phenomenon, and this casting process scheme achieves the densification that casting solidification process is overall.
2, the adjustment of casting material component and optimization
Owing to this casting material not only desired strength is high, require that there is low-temperature high-toughness simultaneously, therefore the requirement of material is also higher, choosing of this material component, patent core technologic material " a kind of TSCPP-20NCD2 optimizes material " (patent No.: ZL201010545128.8) based on our company's independent development, owing to the strength character of this casting material optimizes material higher than patent core technologic material TSCPP-20NCD2, therefore this material is adjusted and re-optimization on the basis of TSCPP-20NCD2 optimization material.
The component of this casting material is constituted from the viewpoint of the intensity and the impact flexibility two that improve foundry goods, adopts C, Si, Mn, Cr, Ni, Mo content range in adjustment molten steel, and to add two kinds of trace element of V and Ti be Main Means.
From Fig. 9 C content, the impact of hardness of steel performance be can be seen that, the rising of C content, the tensile strength of foundry goods can be improved, but the impact flexibility of material is affected very big, especially low-temperature impact-resistant toughness value, performance becomes apparent from, therefore C content controls in low scope as far as possible, and C content reduces the strength of materials decline problem brought, and the ratio adjustment subsequently through other alloying element improves, therefore optimize material characteristics in conjunction with TSCPP-20NCD2, C content is controlled: 0.15～0.20%.
Si can form the less silicate slag of density with the FeO in molten steel and be removed, and therefore Si is a kind of useful element.Si can be dissolved in the hardness and intensity that improve steel in ferrite and austenite, and the material of foundry goods also raises (see Figure 10) with the increase of Si content, and when Si content is less than 0.60%, the impact for crystal grain is little, and the impact for impact flexibility is also less.But being as the increase of si content, the impact for Ductile-brittle transition temperature is even also big (see Figure 11) than carbon, and therefore Si content controls: 0.30～0.45%.
Mn can improve the intensity (see 10) of steel, and Mn adds when steel-making can form the MnS of high-melting-point (1600 DEG C) with sulfur as deoxidizer, eliminates the illeffects of sulfur to a certain extent.Mn has good deoxidizing capacity, it is possible to becomes MnO with the FeO in steel and enters slag, thus improving the quality of steel, particularly reduces the fragility of steel, improves intensity and the hardness of steel, and therefore Mn is a kind of beneficial element in steel.
In carbon constructional quality steel, normally the amount containing Mn is 0.5%～0.8%.When measuring more than more than 0.8% containing Mn, the grain size of steel is had alligatoring tendency, therefore Mn content is controlled: 0.50～0.80%.
In order to proof strength is unaffected, carry out crystal grain thinning by adding alloy part element and microalloy element, thus reaching to improve the purpose of casting strength and toughness.Table 1 is the impact on cast steel grain size of the common alloys element:
The impact on cast steel grain size of the table 1 common alloys element
As can be seen from the above table: steel can be played the effect of crystal grain thinning by Cr, W, Mo, V, Al, Ti.
Cr is in structural steel and tool steel, and Cr is medium carbide former, and in all various carbides, chromium carbide is the most tiny one, and it is evenly distributed in steel volume, so having high intensity, hardness, yield point and high wearability.Owing to it can make structure refinement and is all distributed, so plasticity, toughness are also better；Cr can make austenite decomposition speed slow down, and reduces critical cooling rate during quenching, thus helps in the stability that martensite is formed and improves martensite, so Cr steel has excellent quenching degree, and quenching distortion is less.Cr and Mo combines, and retained austenite in hardened steel can be made to increase, and contribute to obtaining the Carbide Phases needing degree of grinding.Cr can be greatly improved intensity (see Figure 13) and the plasticity (see Figure 14) of structural steel, and this impact is especially notable in Cr and the Ni steel combined.Cr is upper highly advantageous to improving of anti-corrosion property, but creep resisting impact is then more complicated.Because it should be noted that creep strength is the highest when containing Cr0.5-1.00% as heat resisting steel.Add V, Nb, Ti simultaneously and can obtain superfine disperse phase, resist compacted strong (thermostability) and improve extremely advantageous.But Cr can significantly improve the brittle transition temperature of steel, promote steel belt roof bolt fragility.Therefore Cr content should not be too high, controls Cr content 0.80～1.00%.
Ni can improve intensity (see Figure 13) and the toughness (see Figure 14) of steel, improve quenching degree, there is corrosion-resistant and oxidation resistance, but Ni can not improve ferritic creep resistance, pearlite M body heat fragility can be made on the contrary to increase, and when Ni is used alone, not there is good non-oxidizability, generally require and be combined use with Cr element, therefore must strictly control on content；When Ni content is more than 2%, its anti-temper resistance can reduce.Therefore in conjunction with Cr content and other alloying element content, this foundry goods Ni content controls: 1.40-1.70%.
Mo can make the grain refinement of steel, improves quenching degree and thermostrength, keeps enough intensity and creep resisting ability when high temperature.Structural steel adds molybdenum, mechanical performance can be improved.Can also suppressing temper brittleness, Mo is ferrite former, easily occurs that ferrite δ phase or other brittlement phase make toughness reduce, is combined the quenching degree being greatly improved steel with Cr, Ni.Mo content general control in structural alloy steel has good suppression temper brittleness at 0.20-0.45%, therefore controls Mo content at 0.20-0.30% in conjunction with Cr, Ni content.
The component of this casting material is configured to Cr-Ni-Mo system, adds V, Ti microalloy element and can obtain superfine disperse phase, it is possible to reach crystal grain thinning, improves the comprehensive mechanical property of material, it is therefore desirable to adds microalloy element and reaches to improve the requirement of combination property.
V element can refine the grain structure of steel, improve the intensity of steel, toughness and corrosion resistance, V element can also improve the high temperature creep property of steel, V element addition in steel is generally between 0.04%～0.12%, after steel adds V, intensity can improve 150～300MPa, the effect of V is the tissue and the performance that affect steel by forming carbide and nitride, main Precipitation in the ferrite of austenite grain boundary, the operation of rolling can suppress austenitic recrystallization and stop grain growth, thus playing fining ferrite grains, improve intensity and the toughness of steel.Therefore V content controls: 0.04-0.08%.
Ti is strong deoxidizer in steel, can reduce aging sensitivity and the cold brittleness of steel, improving welding property.Stable TiC can be formed, still very stable when high temperature 1300 DEG C, it is possible to well to suppress Austenite Grain Growth, play the effect of crystal grain thinning.Ti element is also ferrite former simultaneously, when the content is higher, very easily generates ferrite δ phase or other brittlement phase and makes toughness reduce, and is therefore also required to control to add.Suitable control addition is: 0.02-0.06%.
Technical scheme 1: a kind of MW class fit planet pivoted frame steel-casting of casting forging, mass percent number: C:0.15～0.20%, Si:0.20～0.45%, Mn:0.50～0.980%, S, P :≤0.035%, Cr:0.80～1.00%, Ni:1.40～1.70%, Mo:0.20～0.30%, V:0.04～0.08%, Ti:0.02～0.06%.
3. heat treating castings process program
Casting pouring molded heat insulation is complete, clears up cast(ing) surface.Cast cleaning arranges complete, and spray carries out destressing normalizing+tempering heat treatment (see Figure 15) together with rising head, and the foundry goods normalizing air cooling that terminates to come out of the stove carries out dead head cutting to 350 DEG C, and dead head cuts laggard stove and carries out destressing tempering heat treatment.
Foundry goods normalizing requires: 670 ± 30 DEG C of isothermals are warmed up to 6 hours air coolings of coming out of the stove of 910 ± 30 DEG C of insulations after 2 hours, tempering requirements is: 9 hours air coolings of coming out of the stove of 670 ± 30 DEG C of insulations, the purpose of the positive tempering of foundry goods eliminates casting stress and dead head cutting stress on the one hand, on the other hand continuous casting billet structure is carried out pre-micronization processes, lay the foundation for next step final Tempering and Quenching.
The positive tempering of foundry goods carries out roughing after terminating, and roughing terminates, by the final Tempering and Quenching of requirement as follows (see Figure 16).
Technical scheme 2: a kind of MW class fit planet pivoted frame steel-casting heat treating castings technique of casting forging, is characterized in that:
(1) foundry goods normalizing+tempering heat treatment process:
A () casting pouring molded heat insulation is complete, cleaning cast(ing) surface, cast cleaning arranges complete, spray carries out destressing normalizing+tempering heat treatment together with rising head, the foundry goods normalizing air cooling that terminates to come out of the stove carries out dead head cutting to 350 DEG C, and dead head cuts laggard stove and carries out destressing tempering heat treatment；
B the normalizing of () foundry goods requires: 670 ± 30 DEG C of isothermals are warmed up to 6 hours air coolings of coming out of the stove of 910 ± 30 DEG C of insulations after 2 hours, tempering requirements is: 9 hours air coolings of coming out of the stove of 670 ± 30 DEG C of insulations, the purpose of the positive tempering of foundry goods eliminates casting stress and dead head cutting stress on the one hand, on the other hand continuous casting billet structure is carried out pre-micronization processes, lay the foundation for next step final Tempering and Quenching；
C the positive tempering of () foundry goods carries out roughing after terminating, roughing terminates, and is warming up to 670 ± 30 DEG C, insulation 2 hours with stove, and then heat up 910 ± 30 DEG C, insulation 6 hours, then air cooling to 670 ± 30 DEG C, after insulation 9 hours, then air cooling is to room temperature；
(2) foundry goods Tempering and Quenching
A () treats that foundry goods is cooled to room temperature and carries out roughing, by the monolateral reserved modified surplus of 3～5mm of drawing finishing size, so both can guarantee that foundry goods ensures through hardening when modified quenching, ensure again allowance for finish；Roughing terminates, and is warming up to 650 ± 30 DEG C, insulation 2 hours with stove, then proceedes to be warming up to 870 ± 30 DEG C, after insulation 5 hours, and oil quenching is to 650 ± 30 DEG C, insulation 8 hours, then water-cooled.
By the foundry goods after modified is carried out Non-Destructive Testing, cast-internal, without loose phenomenon, illustrates that the setting that casting technique is subsidized meets the requirement of foundry goods " consecutive solidification ".Sampling simultaneously carries out chemical composition analysis and mechanical property test, finds out from the result of mechanical property test, and the strength character of foundry goods meets designing requirement, but the impact absorbing work value that the elongation percentage of foundry goods is with-20 DEG C does not meet designing requirement.
Table one, the chemical composition analysis result of table two respectively foundry goods and mechanical property test result:
Table one chemical composition (mass fraction %)
| Element | C | Si | Mn | S | P | Cr | Ni | Mo | V | Ti |
| Sample 1 | 0.18 | 0.45 | 0.96 | 0.012 | 0.023 | 0.88 | 1.65 | 0.29 | 0.070 | 0.05 |
| Sample 2 | 0.17 | 0.44 | 0.96 | 0.012 | 0.022 | 0.86 | 1.63 | 0.29 | 0.070 | 0.05 |
Table two mechanical performance
Foundry goods has machined through ultrasound wave and Magnetic testing, and cast-internal consistency and surface quality all meet product quality grade requirement.
The present invention is compared with background technology, one is from middle solidification processing temperature distribution schematic diagram (see Fig. 6), this region due between planet axis cylindrical and planet pin technique rising head interval less, the heat radiation of this region slows down, this region is still liquid phase when planet pin solidifies completely, setting due to planet pin some processes rising head, region heat radiation between planet pin technique rising head and planet axis cylindrical is slowed down, planet pin shrinks the feeding source of the molten steel of the required feeding of solidification, become planet axis part, planet pin technique rising head act as the effect of Feeding channel in process, therefore casting technique is adjusted to the region increase technique subsidy between pin on planet pin top and planet axis cylindrical and (subsidizes the solidification order namely delaying this region by increasing the thickness of foundry goods, thus reaching the technological measure in other region of feeding)；Two is that the molten steel that pin partial coagulation needs is carried out feeding by planet axis by technique subsidy, finally arranges a big technique feeding head on planet axis top, meets the solidification feeding requirement of planet axis.Thus realizing the overall fine and close of foundry goods；Three is change traditional foundry goods thermal center region to set up the technology pattern of technique rising head realization " consecutive solidification ", eliminate slow down the loose problem caused because technique rising head arranges the heat radiation that brings by planet pin technique rising head being changed over the Feeding channel of foundry goods, the distribution of planet pin thermal center is changed by setting up technique subsidy, make planet pin and planet axis thermal center become one, define big " consecutive solidification " feeding chain；Four is that the normalizing+tempering heat treatment process formulated carries out pretreatment, formulates special quenching-and-tempering process parameter and the type of cooling simultaneously according to the component feature after adjusting, makes the foundry goods after Tempering and Quenching obtain comprehensive premium properties；Five is adopt the fit integral casting forming megawatt level wind power generation planet pivoted frame steel-casting of casting forging, not only increases the utilization rate of material, simplifies manufacturing procedure, has saved production cost；Simultaneously because achieve the integration of material, product overcomes casting forging split manufacture the defect brought by planetary gear engaged transmission, extends the service life of product, improves work efficiency, therefore has extremely considerable economic benefit and development prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1-1 is the schematic diagram of planet axis forging.
Fig. 1-2 is the schematic diagram of planet pivoted frame body foundry goods.
Fig. 1-3 is planet axis forging and planet pivoted frame body foundry goods assembling schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the fit one piece casting part planet pivoted frame foundry goods schematic diagram of casting forging.
Fig. 3 is defect distribution schematic diagram after the fit one piece casting part planet pivoted frame casting solidification of casting forging.
Fig. 4-1 is casting technique schematic front view.
Fig. 4-2 is that casting technique A is to looking schematic diagram.
Fig. 4-3 is that casting technique B is to looking schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is that cast technology analogy analyzes result schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is foundry goods intermediate setup process temperature distribution schematic diagram.
Fig. 7-1 is the casting process scheme schematic front view after adjusting and optimizing.
Fig. 7-2 is the casting process scheme A direction view after adjusting and optimizing.
Fig. 7-3 is the casting process scheme B direction view after adjusting and optimizing.
Fig. 8 is casting technique InteCast CAE sunykatuib analysis figure.
Fig. 9 is that cast properties is affected schematic diagram by C content.
Figure 10 is that casting strength is affected schematic diagram by Si, Mn content.
Figure 11 is that foundry goods impact flexibility is affected schematic diagram by Si, Mn content.
Figure 12 is that foundry goods brittle transition temperature is affected schematic diagram by Si content.
Figure 13 is that intensity is affected schematic diagram by alloying element.
Figure 14 is that ferrite toughness is affected schematic diagram by alloying element.
Figure 15 is foundry goods normalizing+tempering heat treatment process schematic diagram.
Figure 16 is foundry goods quenching-and-tempering process schematic diagram.
Figure 17 is traditional gear engagement planet pivoted frame structural manufacturing process flow chart.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1: with reference to accompanying drawing 1-14.A kind of MW class fit planet pivoted frame steel-casting of casting forging, its mass percent number: C:0.15～0.20%, Si:0.20～0.45%, Mn:0.50～0.980%, S, P :≤0.035%, Cr:0.80～1.00%, Ni:1.40～1.70%, Mo:0.20～0.30%, V:0.04～0.08%, Ti:0.02～0.06%.
Embodiment 2: on the basis of embodiment 1, C:0.18%, Si:0.45%, Mn:0.96%, S:0.012%, P :≤0.023%, Cr:0.88%, Ni:1.65%, Mo:0.29%, V:0.07%, Ti:0.05%.
Embodiment 3: on the basis of embodiment 1, C:0.17%, Si:0.44%, Mn:0.96%, S:0.012%, P :≤0.022%, Cr:0.86%, Ni:1.63%, Mo:0.29%, V:0.070%, Ti:0.05%.
Embodiment 4: on the basis of above-described embodiment, a kind of MW class fit planet pivoted frame steel-casting heat treating castings technique of casting forging,
(1) foundry goods normalizing+tempering heat treatment process:
A () casting pouring molded heat insulation is complete, cleaning cast(ing) surface, cast cleaning arranges complete, spray carries out destressing normalizing+tempering heat treatment together with rising head, the foundry goods normalizing air cooling that terminates to come out of the stove carries out dead head cutting to 350 DEG C, and dead head cuts laggard stove and carries out destressing tempering heat treatment；
B the normalizing of () foundry goods requires: 670 ± 30 DEG C of isothermals are warmed up to 6 hours air coolings of coming out of the stove of 910 ± 30 DEG C of insulations after 2 hours, tempering requirements is: 9 hours air coolings of coming out of the stove of 670 ± 30 DEG C of insulations, the purpose of the positive tempering of foundry goods eliminates casting stress and dead head cutting stress on the one hand, on the other hand continuous casting billet structure is carried out pre-micronization processes, lay the foundation for next step final Tempering and Quenching；
C the positive tempering of () foundry goods carries out roughing after terminating, roughing terminates, and is warming up to 670 ± 30 DEG C, insulation 2 hours with stove, and then heat up 910 ± 30 DEG C, insulation 6 hours, then air cooling to 670 ± 30 DEG C, after insulation 9 hours, then air cooling is to room temperature；
(2) foundry goods Tempering and Quenching
A () treats that foundry goods is cooled to room temperature and carries out roughing, by the monolateral reserved modified surplus of 3～5mm of drawing finishing size, so both can guarantee that foundry goods ensures through hardening when modified quenching, ensure again allowance for finish；Roughing terminates, and is warming up to 650 ± 30 DEG C, insulation 2 hours with stove, then proceedes to be warming up to 870 ± 30 DEG C, after insulation 5 hours, and oil quenching is to 650 ± 30 DEG C, insulation 8 hours, then water-cooled.
It is to be understood that: although the word that the mentality of designing of the present invention is contrasted detailed by above-described embodiment describes; but these words describe; simply the simple text of mentality of designing of the present invention is described; rather than the restriction to mentality of designing of the present invention; any without departing from the combination of mentality of designing of the present invention, increase or amendment, each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the MW class fit planet pivoted frame steel-casting of casting forging, its chemical constituent is characterized by mass percent number: C:0.15～0.20%, Si:0.20～0.45%, Mn:0.50～0.980%, S, P :≤0.035%, Cr:0.80～1.00%, Ni:1.40～1.70%, Mo:0.20～0.30%, V:0.04～0.08%, Ti:0.02～0.06%.
2. the fit planet pivoted frame steel-casting of MW class according to claim 1 casting forging, its chemical constituent 1 is characterized by: C:0.18%, Si:0.45%, Mn:0.96%, S:0.012%, P :≤0.023%, Cr:0.88%, Ni:1.65%, Mo:0.29%, V:0.07%, Ti:0.05%.
3. the fit planet pivoted frame steel-casting of MW class according to claim 1 casting forging, its chemical constituent 2 is characterized by: C:0.17%, Si:0.44%, Mn:0.96%, S:0.012%, P :≤0.022%, Cr:0.86%, Ni:1.63%, Mo:0.29%, V:0.070%, Ti:0.05%.
4. the fit planet pivoted frame steel-casting material of MW class according to claim 1 casting forging, its Mechanical Characteristics is:
Yield strength Rp0.2Tensile strength RmElongation percentage A5Contraction percentage of area Ψ impact absorbing energy Akv
(MPa) (MPa) (%) (%) (J) (-20 DEG C)
>=655 >=830 >=14 >=30 >=27 (three value meansigma methodss,
List is respectively not less than meansigma methods 80%).
5. the fit planet pivoted frame steel-casting material component 1 of MW class according to claim 2 casting forging, its Mechanical Characteristics is:
Yield strength Rp0.2: 685MPa tensile strength Rm: 931MPa elongation percentage A5: 24.5% contraction percentage of area Ψ: 47.0%
Impact absorbing energy Akv (-20 DEG C) (J): 44,43,35.
6. the fit planet pivoted frame steel-casting material component 2 of MW class according to claim 3 casting forging, its Mechanical Characteristics is:
Yield strength Rp0.2: 726MPa tensile strength Rm: 909MPa elongation percentage A5: 23.0% contraction percentage of area Ψ: 44.0%
Impact absorbing energy Akv (-20 DEG C) (J): 42,39,46.
7. the fit planet pivoted frame steel-casting heat treating castings technique of MW class casting forging, is characterized in that:
(1) foundry goods normalizing+tempering heat treatment process:
A () casting pouring molded heat insulation is complete, cleaning cast(ing) surface, cast cleaning arranges complete, spray carries out destressing normalizing+tempering heat treatment together with rising head, the foundry goods normalizing air cooling that terminates to come out of the stove carries out dead head cutting to 350 DEG C, and dead head cuts laggard stove and carries out destressing tempering heat treatment；
B the normalizing of () foundry goods requires: 670 ± 30 DEG C of isothermals are warmed up to 6 hours air coolings of coming out of the stove of 910 ± 30 DEG C of insulations after 2 hours, tempering requirements is: 9 hours air coolings of coming out of the stove of 670 ± 30 DEG C of insulations, the purpose of the positive tempering of foundry goods eliminates casting stress and dead head cutting stress on the one hand, on the other hand continuous casting billet structure is carried out pre-micronization processes, lay the foundation for next step final Tempering and Quenching；
C the positive tempering of () foundry goods carries out roughing after terminating, roughing terminates, and is warming up to 670 ± 30 DEG C, insulation 2 hours with stove, and then heat up 910 ± 30 DEG C, insulation 6 hours, then air cooling to 670 ± 30 DEG C, after insulation 9 hours, then air cooling is to room temperature；
(2) foundry goods Tempering and Quenching
A () treats that foundry goods is cooled to room temperature and carries out roughing, by the monolateral reserved modified surplus of 3～5mm of drawing finishing size, so both can guarantee that foundry goods ensures through hardening when modified quenching, ensure again allowance for finish；Roughing terminates, and is warming up to 650 ± 30 DEG C, insulation 2 hours with stove, then proceedes to be warming up to 870 ± 30 DEG C, after insulation 5 hours, and oil quenching is to 650 ± 30 DEG C, insulation 8 hours, then water-cooled.
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| CN106984775A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2017-07-28 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | A kind of casting method of heavy wall gas-turbine hp outer cylinder inlet end casting |
| CN111219407A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-02 | 山东理工职业学院 | New energy automobile power assembly and processing and preparing method thereof |
| CN112605338A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-04-06 | 江苏朗锐茂达铸造有限公司 | Method for producing mounting seat steel casting based on precoated sand shell mold process |
| CN113774278A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-12-10 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | Novel water-quenched cast steel heavy-duty gear material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113774278A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-12-10 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | Novel water-quenched cast steel heavy-duty gear material and preparation method thereof |
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