CN105778978B - A kind of application method of the feedstock oil multistage atomizing nozzle arrangements of RFCC - Google Patents

A kind of application method of the feedstock oil multistage atomizing nozzle arrangements of RFCC Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105778978B
CN105778978B CN201610250255.2A CN201610250255A CN105778978B CN 105778978 B CN105778978 B CN 105778978B CN 201610250255 A CN201610250255 A CN 201610250255A CN 105778978 B CN105778978 B CN 105778978B
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steam
oil
feedstock oil
primary steam
jet pipe
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CN105778978A (en
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范怡恝
吴朝能
陈维
许栋五
许煜
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LUOYANG SENDE PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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LUOYANG SENDE PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G11/00Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/1606Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed the spraying of the material involving the use of an atomising fluid, e.g. air

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of application method of the feedstock oil multistage atomizing nozzle arrangements of RFCC, when nozzle arrangements work, after heated feedstock oil enters annular feedstock oil distributing chamber by raw material oil-in, feedstock oil is at least divided into by raw material oil jet two strands of thin jets, inject mixing chamber, after feedstock oil high speed is by spout, first order fogging oil is formed;High steam sprays into mixing chamber simultaneously by the jet pipe of primary steam first and the jet pipe of primary steam second;The jet pipe of primary steam second guides to be accelerated into inner tube between air-fuel mixture gas and primary steam the first jet pipe vapor stream entrainment of air-fuel mixture gas;Indirect steam spray orifice sprays, and the air-fuel mixture gas being atomized again is accelerated to spray the high atomisation gas of air-fuel mixture by shower nozzle, the air-fuel mixture gas of high atomisation gas enters to be processed in next step;Enter mixing chamber and inner tube to remaining primary steam " ecto-entad ", form part " drum oil " form, enhance the atomizing effect of nozzle.

Description

A kind of application method of the feedstock oil multistage atomizing nozzle arrangements of RFCC
Technical field
The present invention relates to the use of the atomizer of petroleum refining field catalytic cracking feeds, especially a kind of heavy-oil catalytic The application method of the feedstock oil multistage atomizing nozzle arrangements of cracking.
Background technology
At present, atomizing feed nozzle is a visual plant of petroleum refining field heavy oil catalytically cracking equipment, and it is acted on It is:In the presence of atomizing steam, feedstock oil is crushed, atomization is substantial amounts of fine drop, then raw material oil droplet is injected to and urged Change in cracking riser reactor, mix, react with the catalyst in riser reactor;
In the last few years, the raw material oil feeding atomizing nozzle for catalytic cracking unit, the country mainly have using secondary-atomizing The LPC types (90209410.6) of CS types (200410010045.3), wikipedia type with steam screen, using supersonic atomization steam The KH types (89207961.9,200420066089.3) of double wikipedia types, the BWJ types (98233035.9) with cyclone structure, tool There are the UPC- α types (00109776.8) of porous steam distributor and the CCK types (99219391.5) with secondary-atomizing structure Deng polytype;External similar technique then mainly has the target spray nozzle of S&W companies, the interior of Uop Inc.'s exploitation to set porous steam point More orifice type Optimix nozzles, Mobile companies and the interior of Kellogg companies joint development of cloth device set porous steam distributor ATOMAX nozzles, the feed nozzle with nozzle cover that can form flat jet of ABB Lummus companies exploitation with baffle plate And the nozzle provided with secondary-atomizing steam of Exxon companies exploitation;
However, in actual use, more or less there is following both sides in said nozzle:First, feedstock oil Atomizing effect need further to be improved, i.e., atomized particle size is expected further to reduce;Second, atomizing steam and feedstock oil are introducing The entrance area of nozzle influences each other, or even occurs when atomizing steam (or feedstock oil) pressure oscillation, feedstock oil (or atomization is steamed Vapour) situation of nozzle can not be introduced.And the entrance form of feedstock oil, atomizing steam obviously has directly to these two aspects Influence.
It is worth noting that, in above-described various nozzles, set for the entrance structure of feedstock oil, atomizing steam Put and but show slightly simple, generally use atomizing steam along nozzle axially introduced into and feedstock oil at a certain angle from nozzle side enter (LPC, KH, BWJ, UPC- α, CCK etc.);Or by feedstock oil along nozzle axially introduced into and atomizing steam spray at a certain angle into Expect nozzle (UOP, Mobile and Kellogg etc.);Also have and feedstock oil is divided into two strands, atomizing steam is with feedstock oil along nozzle shaft To the form (CS) of co-flow;
The classical theory of two phase flow shows, atomization process it is the most key be the broken of drop, drop is broken in steam Broken degree is controlled by dimensionless group Weber number, have in the parameter one it is poor for the velocity of steam and drop, the numerical value is got over Greatly, then atomizing effect is better;Feedstock oil, atomizing steam entrance area in above-mentioned various nozzles, oil, vapour two-phase are mostly with certain Angular cross flows, and has that obvious velocity is poor, therefore will produce material impact to the overall atomizing effect of feedstock oil.
On the other hand, applicant by experimental studies have found that, in a nozzle, in feedstock oil and the entrance of atomizing steam The introducing form of region, feedstock oil and steam " oil, vapour two-phase " serves quite crucial work to the atomizing effect of feedstock oil With --- experimental data shows that irrational oil, vapour, which introduce form, can even make the average grain diameter of feedstock oil increase 10~30 μm Left and right;
On the other hand, fluctuated in the catalytic cracking riser reactor feed zone of actual industrial device, operating pressure It is unavoidable.For example, the pressure of atomizing steam is usually slightly above raw material oil pressure at this, if the oil of nozzle, vapour introduce structure not Rationally, then feedstock oil is likely to occur to cannot be introduced into nozzle and then the situation of reactor can not be introduced --- or feedstock oil flow It is relatively low, it can not also increase flow even if valve opening to limiting condition, that is, " oil, the vapour amount of robbing " phenomenon so-called in engineering, serious shadow occur Ring being normally carried out for production;
A kind of 200410010045.3 patent applications that the present invention proposes for one of inventor, it is proposed that spray of multistage atomizing Mouth (CS nozzles).By careful experimental studies have found that, the atomizing effect of this kind of nozzle ideal to the greatest extent, and in actual applications yet There is feedstock oil flow and can not increase, be i.e. the phenomenon of " oil, the vapour amount of robbing ";In view of the foregoing, a kind of heavy oil is now invented to urge Change the application method of the feedstock oil multistage atomizing nozzle arrangements of cracking.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to overcome the atomizer of existing petroleum refining field catalytic cracking feeds, in reality During use, more or less there is following both sides in the atomizer of feedstock oil:First, the atomizing effect of feedstock oil Need further to be improved, i.e., atomized particle size is expected further to reduce;Second, atomizing steam and feedstock oil are introducing the entrance of nozzle Region influences each other, or even occurs when atomizing steam " or feedstock oil " pressure oscillation, and feedstock oil " or atomizing steam " can not draw Enter the situation of nozzle;And the entrance form of feedstock oil, atomizing steam obviously has direct influence to these two aspects, pass through Rationally design, there is provided a kind of application method of the feedstock oil multistage atomizing nozzle arrangements of RFCC, enhance atomization effect Fruit and operating flexibility is added, when oil and gas initially contacts, injection entrainment is played by the steam of centrally disposed long tube and made With, enter mixing chamber and inner tube remaining primary steam " ecto-entad ", form part " drum oil " form, on the one hand can be by original Material oily " successfully " entrainment into inner tube, suppresses the generation of " the oil and gas amount of robbing " phenomenon, while enhances the atomizing effect of nozzle.
The present invention to achieve these goals, adopts the following technical scheme that:A kind of feedstock oil of RFCC is multistage The application method of atomizing nozzle structure, the feedstock oil multistage atomizing nozzle arrangements of described RFCC, are by shower nozzle, two Secondary steam fumarole, outer tube, annular secondary vaporium, inner tube, outer tube, raw material oil-in, raw material oil jet, annular raw material oil Cloth room, the jet pipe of primary steam first, the jet pipe of primary steam second, mixing chamber, primary steam distributing chamber, indirect steam entrance, one Secondary steam inlet is formed;Outer spout end sets shower nozzle, and outer tube tail end sets primary steam entrance;Three sections are set in outer tube:Stage casing Set and set inner tube, back segment that primary steam distributing chamber is set in mixing chamber, leading portion;
Outer tube is set on the outside of outer tube stage casing, annular feedstock oil distributing chamber is set in outer tube, outer tube side preformed hole, Feedstock oil inlet duct is set to link annular feedstock oil distributing chamber in hole;
At least two raw material oil jets, the angle that raw material oil jet leans forward are uniformly arranged on the inner tubal wall of stage casing outer tube β is arranged to 20 °~80 °;Dividing plate is set between outer tube stage casing and back segment, dividing plate center preformed hole, primary steam the is set in hole Two jet pipes, concentric round wires are set between the radius of dividing plate centre bore, and the concentric round wires of dividing plate up to reserve two holes, Kong Zhongfen less Not She Zhi the jet pipe of primary steam first, the jet pipe of primary steam second and the jet pipe of primary steam first are axially arranged;
Inner tube is set in outer tube leading portion, sets annular secondary vaporium between outer tube and inner tube, annular secondary vaporium it is outer Tube wall preformed hole, indirect steam inlet duct is set in hole;Inner tube is set between shower nozzle and mixing chamber, between shower nozzle and inner tube Orifice plate is set, and corresponding to inner tube in the middle part of orifice plate reserves mixed vent, and indirect steam spray orifice is reserved between mixed vent periphery and shower nozzle;
When nozzle arrangements work, after heated feedstock oil enters annular feedstock oil distributing chamber by raw material oil-in, Feedstock oil is at least divided into by raw material oil jet two strands of thin jets, injects mixing chamber, after feedstock oil high speed is by spout, pressure Steep drop forms first order fogging oil;
While the feedstock oil first order is atomized, primary steam entrance is open-minded, and high steam is entered by primary steam entrance In primary steam distributing chamber, mixing chamber is sprayed into by the jet pipe of primary steam first and the jet pipe of primary steam second simultaneously, to mixing Fogging oil impact in room, it is broken after, form second level air-fuel mixture gas;Now in mixing chamber:Rear portion is steam gas, preceding Portion is air-fuel mixture gas;The steam that air-fuel mixture gas is sprayed by the jet pipe of primary steam second and the jet pipe of primary steam first is taken Band is to inner tube accelerating jetting, and during accelerating jetting, the jet pipe of primary steam second at center is guided air-fuel mixture gas, primary steam Accelerated between the vapor stream of first jet pipe and the jet pipe of primary steam second entrainment of air-fuel mixture gas in inner tube;
Air-fuel mixture gas is pressurizeed by being shunk in the middle part of inner tube, is atomized again by the pressure drop exported;What is be atomized again is same When, the steam of indirect steam entrance enters in annular secondary vaporium, is sprayed by steam by indirect steam spray orifice, to again The air-fuel mixture gas of atomization accelerates, and sprays the high atomisation gas of air-fuel mixture, high atomisation gas after acceleration by shower nozzle Air-fuel mixture gas enter in next step process.
Beneficial effect is:Nozzle feedstock oil, the atomizing steam entrance structure of the present invention will be to the atomizing effect in its " downstream " Important influence is produced, after oil, vapour mixture, which leave entrance structure, enters inner tube, primary steam carries out further to feedstock oil Broken, atomization, form third level atomization;According to two-phase fluid mechanics energy balance, in the state of the equilibrium, relative density is relatively low Steam tends to come together in center high-speed region, and the higher oil droplet of relative density should then collect to side wall low-speed region;And in this hair In bright, the arrival end of inner tube for " drum oil " form, therefore, when feedstock oil and primary steam flow in inner tube, in order to up to To poised state, the feedstock oil of internal layer must be with the steam " exchanging position " of outer layer, and in the process, steam will produce to feedstock oil Raw strong shear cracking action, further enhances atomizing effect.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is general assembly structural representation;
Fig. 2 is AND DEWATERING FOR ORIFICE STRUCTURE schematic diagram;
In Fig. 1 .2:Shower nozzle 1, indirect steam spray orifice 2, outer tube 3, annular secondary vaporium 4, inner tube 5, outer tube 6, raw material Oil-in 7, raw material oil jet 8, annular feedstock oil distributing chamber 9, the first jet pipe of primary steam 10, the second jet pipe of primary steam 11, Mixing chamber 12, primary steam distributing chamber 13, indirect steam entrance 14, primary steam entrance 15.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with embodiment with reference to embodiment:
Embodiment 1
3 mouthfuls of ends of outer tube set shower nozzle 1, and the tail end of outer tube 3 sets primary steam entrance 15;Three sections are set in outer tube 3:Stage casing is set Put and set inner tube 5, back segment that primary steam distributing chamber 13 is set in mixing chamber 12, leading portion;
Outer tube 6 is set on the outside of the stage casing of outer tube 3, annular feedstock oil distributing chamber 9 is set in outer tube 6, the side of outer tube 6 is pre- Box out, the pipeline chaining annular feedstock oil distributing chamber 9 of raw material oil-in 7 is set in hole;
At least two raw material oil jets 8 are uniformly arranged on the inner tubal wall of stage casing outer tube 3, what raw material oil jet 8 leaned forward Angle β is arranged to 20 °~80 °;Dividing plate is set between the stage casing of outer tube 3 and back segment, dividing plate center preformed hole, sets in hole and once steams The second jet pipe of vapour 11, concentric round wires are set between the radius of dividing plate centre bore, the concentric round wires of dividing plate up to reserve two holes less, The first jet pipe of primary steam 10 is set respectively in hole, and the second jet pipe of primary steam 11 and the first jet pipe of primary steam 10 are axially set Put;
Inner tube 5 is set in the leading portion of outer tube 3, annular secondary vaporium 4, annular secondary vaporium are set between outer tube 3 and inner tube 5 The 4 tube wall preformed hole of outer tube 3, the pipeline of indirect steam entrance 14 is set in hole;Inner tube 5, spray are set between shower nozzle 1 and mixing chamber 12 Orifice plate is set between first 1 and inner tube 5, and corresponding to inner tube 5 in the middle part of orifice plate reserves mixed vent, between mixed vent periphery and shower nozzle 1 Reserved indirect steam spray orifice 2;
When nozzle arrangements work, heated feedstock oil enters annular feedstock oil distributing chamber 9 by raw material oil-in 7 Afterwards, feedstock oil is at least divided into by raw material oil jet 8 two strands of thin jets, injects mixing chamber 12, feedstock oil passes through spout at a high speed Afterwards, drop forms first order fogging oil to pressure suddenly.
Embodiment 2
While the feedstock oil first order is atomized, primary steam entrance 15 is open-minded, and high steam passes through primary steam entrance 15 Into in primary steam distributing chamber 13, mixing is sprayed into by the first jet pipe of primary steam 10 and the second jet pipe of primary steam 11 simultaneously Room 12, after the fogging oil impact in mixing chamber 12, crushing, form second level air-fuel mixture gas;Now in mixing chamber 12:Afterwards Portion is that steam gas, front portion are air-fuel mixture gas;Air-fuel mixture gas is by the second jet pipe of primary steam 11 and primary steam The steam that one jet pipe 10 sprays is carried to the accelerating jetting of inner tube 5, and during accelerating jetting, primary steam second jet pipe 11 at center is to oil Oxygen mixture guides, entrainment of oil gas between the first jet pipe of primary steam 10 and the vapor stream of the second jet pipe of primary steam 11 Mixed gas is accelerated into inner tube 5.
Embodiment 3
Air-fuel mixture gas is shunk by the middle part of inner tube 5 to pressurize, and is atomized again by the pressure drop exported;What is be atomized again is same When, the steam of indirect steam entrance 14 enters in annular secondary vaporium 4, is sprayed by steam by indirect steam spray orifice 2, right The air-fuel mixture gas being atomized again accelerates, and sprays the high atomisation gas of air-fuel mixture, high atomisation after acceleration by shower nozzle 1 The air-fuel mixture gas of gas enters to be processed in next step.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of application method of the feedstock oil multistage atomizing nozzle arrangements of RFCC, described RFCC Feedstock oil multistage atomizing nozzle arrangements, be by shower nozzle (1), indirect steam spray orifice (2), outer tube (3), annular secondary vaporium (4), Inner tube (5), outer tube (6), raw material oil-in (7), raw material oil jet (8), annular feedstock oil distributing chamber (9), primary steam One jet pipe (10), the jet pipe of primary steam second (11), mixing chamber (12), primary steam distributing chamber (13), indirect steam entrance (14), primary steam entrance (15) is formed;It is characterized in that:Outer tube (3) mouth end sets shower nozzle (1), and outer tube (3) tail end sets one Secondary steam inlet (15);Three sections are set in outer tube (3):Stage casing, which is set in mixing chamber (12), leading portion, sets inner tube (5), back segment to set Put primary steam distributing chamber (13);
Outer tube (6) is set on the outside of outer tube (3) stage casing, annular feedstock oil distributing chamber (9), outer tube (6) are set in outer tube (6) Side preformed hole, raw material oil-in (7) pipeline chaining annular feedstock oil distributing chamber (9) is set in hole;
At least two raw material oil jets (8) are uniformly arranged on the inner tubal wall of stage casing outer tube (3), raw material oil jet (8) leans forward Angle β be arranged to 20 °~80 °;Outer tube (3) sets dividing plate between stage casing and back segment, dividing plate center preformed hole, and one is set in hole The secondary jet pipe of steam second (11), concentric round wires are set between the radius of dividing plate centre bore, the concentric round wires of dividing plate are up to reserved less Two holes, the jet pipe of primary steam first (10) is set respectively in hole, the jet pipe of primary steam second (11) and primary steam first spray It is axially arranged to manage (10);
Inner tube (5) is set in outer tube (3) leading portion, annular secondary vaporium (4), annular secondary are set between outer tube (3) and inner tube (5) Outer tube (3) tube wall preformed hole of vaporium (4), indirect steam entrance (14) pipeline is set in hole;Shower nozzle (1) and mixing chamber (12) Between inner tube (5) is set, orifice plate is set between shower nozzle (1) and inner tube (5), the corresponding reserved mixed vent of inner tube (5) in the middle part of orifice plate, Indirect steam spray orifice (2) is reserved between mixed vent periphery and shower nozzle (1);
When nozzle arrangements work, heated feedstock oil enters annular feedstock oil distributing chamber (9) by raw material oil-in (7) Afterwards, two strands of thin jets are at least divided into feedstock oil by raw material oil jet (8), inject mixing chamber (12), feedstock oil passes through at a high speed After spout, drop forms first order fogging oil to pressure suddenly.
2. according to a kind of user of the feedstock oil multistage atomizing nozzle arrangements of RFCC described in claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that:While the feedstock oil first order is atomized, primary steam entrance (15) is open-minded, and high steam is by once steaming Vapour entrance (15) enters in primary steam distributing chamber (13), passes through the jet pipe of primary steam first (10) and the jet pipe of primary steam second (11) while mixing chamber (12) is sprayed into, after the fogging oil impact in mixing chamber (12), crushing, forms second level fuel-air mixture Body;Now in mixing chamber (12):Rear portion is that steam gas, front portion are air-fuel mixture gas;Air-fuel mixture gas is by primary steam The steam that second jet pipe (11) and the jet pipe of primary steam first (10) spray is carried to inner tube (5) accelerating jetting, during accelerating jetting, The jet pipe of primary steam second (11) at center is guided air-fuel mixture gas, the jet pipe of primary steam first (10) and primary steam the Accelerated between the vapor stream of two jet pipes (11) entrainment of air-fuel mixture gas in inner tube (5).
3. according to a kind of user of the feedstock oil multistage atomizing nozzle arrangements of RFCC described in claim 2 Method, it is characterised in that:Air-fuel mixture gas is pressurizeed by being shunk in the middle part of inner tube (5), is atomized again by the pressure drop exported;Again While atomization, the steam of indirect steam entrance (14) enters in annular secondary vaporium (4), passes through indirect steam by steam Spray orifice (2) is sprayed, and the air-fuel mixture gas being atomized again is accelerated, sprays the height of air-fuel mixture after acceleration by shower nozzle (1) Atomization gas, the air-fuel mixture gas of high atomisation gas enters to be processed in next step.
CN201610250255.2A 2016-04-15 2016-04-15 A kind of application method of the feedstock oil multistage atomizing nozzle arrangements of RFCC Active CN105778978B (en)

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CN108889243B (en) * 2017-07-30 2020-09-29 李先富 Double-cyclone three-stream spray gun
CN111748368A (en) * 2020-07-23 2020-10-09 洛阳乐邦石化设备有限公司 Catalytic cracking reactor capable of being flexibly adjusted
CN112453414B (en) * 2020-11-26 2023-01-24 杭州嘉振超声波科技有限公司 Ultrasonic metal powder making method

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CN202786133U (en) * 2012-09-13 2013-03-13 洛阳森德石化工程有限公司 Heavy oil catalytic cracking feeding atomizing nozzle

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CN102827628A (en) * 2012-09-13 2012-12-19 洛阳森德石化工程有限公司 Heavy oil catalytic cracking feeding atomizing nozzle
CN102827627A (en) * 2012-09-13 2012-12-19 洛阳森德石化工程有限公司 Multistage atomized heavy oil catalytic cracking anti-coking nozzle
CN202786132U (en) * 2012-09-13 2013-03-13 洛阳森德石化工程有限公司 Multistage-atomization heavy oil catalytic cracking anti-coking nozzle
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